Adobe Illustrator

What is Vector Graphic?

A vector graphic is a type of image. Which are graphical representations of
mathematical objects such as lines, curves, polygons and it’s like. These graphics
are generated by computer and they follow x and y axis as their reference
definition. One characteristic of vector graphics is a very high resolution. Because
a vector image is made up of mathematical paths, you can increase the size of the
image as much as you want and it would never decrease in quality. You could
literally increase the size to 3 million x 3 million and all the details would still look
sharp
Explain what is Adobe Illustrator?
Ans: Adobe Illustrator is an advanced vector-based graphic design software which
is generally used for making vector-based designs like logos, illustrations,
infographics, stationery, cartoons, and all type of typesetting work. It was first
developed by Apple Macintosh in January 1987. This program is used by both
artists and graphic designers to create vector illustrations and designs. Illustrator
can support SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), EPS (Encapsulated-Postscript), PDF
(Portable-Document-Format), VML (Vector Markup Language File), WMF
(Windows Metafile) files etc. This software gives us a better print output because
it is not resolution dependent.

What are the most important tools in Adobe Illustrator and their uses?

Ans: Most important tools in Adobe Illustrator are as follows:

Selection Tool: It is used to select entire objects or groups.

Pen Tool: We can draw a path or shape with the help of this tool. It will make a
straight line or a curved line and it will create two anchor points.

Shapes Tool: It is used to make shapes of a rectangle, circle, ellipse, triangle,

polygon, and star. We can also draw an exact value of these shapes by clicking the
mouse.

Line Segment Tool: It is used to draw a perfectly straight line in any direction, we
drag the mouse. We can also draw an exact value of line by clicking the mouse.

Type Tool: It is a very important tool. We can insert text in different ways like
individually, vertically or with the path into our designs.

Gradient tool: It is used to apply, create, modify and multiple colors gradients. This
tool gives colorful shading effect to our designs.
Blend Tool: This tool is extremely useful since it can be joined to create repeating
shape patterns, color palettes or, as the name implies, color blends between two
or multiple objects. It can be found under the Object > Blend submenu, and select
(Blend Options) and trigger it (Make or Alt-Control-B) to create whatever you are
trying to achieve. This tool is precise since it can control how many steps (colors or
repeating objects) it makes.

What are Panels in Adobe Illustrator?

Panels are an indispensable part of the Illustrator interface. They contain options
and settings that enable you to quickly modify the attributes of one or more
selected objects in your artwork.
Panels provide additional options in panel menus, which you display by clicking
the panel menu icon (). You can quickly display or open panels to access their
options, then minimize or close them to save space onscreen. By default, the
Illustrator interface docks together several groups of panels at the right of the
Application frame. Illustrator includes more than 35 panels. Few important
panels are given below.

■ Control Panel:
Frequently used controls and settings appear on the Control panel for easy access. The
panel options change depending on the tool or type of object currently selected. You can
use this panel to apply fill and stroke colors; change an object’s variable width profile,
brush stroke definition, or opacity etc.
■ Color Panel:
In Illustrator, you can apply color to an object’s fill (interior) or stroke (edge). In the Color
panel the first thing you will do is click the Fill or Stroke square so Illustrator knows what
to do.
■ Swatches Panel:
Use the Swatches panel to store and apply solid colors, patterns, and gradients to objects
in your Illustrator document. On the panel, click either the Fill or the Stroke square, and
then click a swatch to apply the color to one or more selected objects.
 ■ Stroke Panel:
Options and settings found on the Stroke panel control the appearance of an object’s
path (edge). Use this panel to specify a stroke weight(thickness), a cap (end of a path)
style, and a corner style for a path, and to choose how a stroke is aligned(positioned) on a
path. The panel also provides options for creating dashed lines, applying an arrowhead
and/or tail to a path, and applying a variable-width profile to a path.

■ Appearance Panel:
An object in Illustrator can have specific appearance attributes applied to it (such as fill
and stroke color, stroke width, opacity, and effects). The Appearance panel lists the
attributes and settings for the currently selected object, group, or layer. In this panel, you
can add, modify, or remove object, group, or layer attributes. Convenient in-panel
features (like the linked features found in the Control panel) enable you to quickly access
temporary panels and dialog boxes to edit settings.

■ Transform Panel:
The upper portion of the Transform panel lists values for the X and Y coordinates, width,
height, rotation angle, and shear angle of a selected object. You can edit the value in a
field to modify that object setting. The middle portion of the panel displays the shape
properties (width, height, and corner settings) for any selected object drawn with the
Rectangle or Rounded Rectangle tool. The lower area of the panel provides options that
you can turn on or off to control specific attributes related to scaling an object.
What is Color Panel in Adobe Illustrator?

Color Panel is a panel from which you can apply color to an object’s fill (interior) or
stroke (edge). In the Color panel the first thing you will do is click the Fill or Stroke
square so Illustrator knows what to do. In fact, when applying color to selected
objects, selecting the Fill or Stroke square is such an essential first step that these
indicators are located on the Color, Swatches, Control, Appearance, Gradient, and
Tools panels. Clicking the Fill or Stroke square on one of these six panels
automatically makes it active on the other panels.

To use the Color panel:

1 Select an object to which you want to apply color.

2 Specify whether you want to fill or stroke an object by clicking either the Fill or
the Stroke square.
3 Drag the color sliders or click in the spectrum bar at the bottom of the panel to
apply a color to the selected Fill/Stroke square and to any selected objects in your
document.

4 Click the panel menu icon to display its menu and choose a color model for the
panel, such as RGB or CMYK.
How to create a New Document in Adobe Illustrator?

To create a new artwork in Illustrator, you’ll first Choose File > New. The New

Document dialog box opens

The essential document setting options are as follows:

• Name defines the default filename when you save or export the entire document.
• Profile can shortcut the process of defining document settings by letting you
choose or change the kind of document you are creating.
• Number of artboards defines how many artboards of the defined size will be
generated. The set of diagrams to the right of the number of artboards defines
how the artboards will be arranged. The Spacing drop-down configures the space
between each artboard on the canvas, and the Rows/Columns spinner defines the
number of rows or columns that will display artboards.
• Size drop-down options can shortcut the process of defining the width and height
for your document. The options depend on the profile you selected. For example,
if you choose a print profile, sizes include A4, a Letter, or a Tabloid, among others.
If you choose Mobile profile, the options include iPad, Apple Watch, and Google
pixel.
• Width and Height boxes define the width and height of your project. If you are
generating multiple artboards, all the artboards will inherit this width and height.
The Orientation options toggle between portrait and landscape orientation.
• Units is where you choose a unit of measurement appropriate to your project:
pixels for digital output or points, picas, inches, millimeters, or centimeters for
print.
• Bleed is relevant only for files sent directly to print production, such as postcards,
posters, or other print media (for example, shirts or mugs). If you're preparing
graphics to send directly to a print shop, consult with the printer on what kind of
bleed to define, if any.
• Color Mode options are RGB for screen output and CMYK for commercial
printing.
• Raster Effects settings define the resolution of bitmap effects (such as
Photoshop Effects) applied to your illustration.
• Preview mode is normally left at the default setting. The Overprint option allows
you to preview how commercial print output will look.
Explain how you can create an artboard in Adobe Illustrator?

To create an artboard in Adobe Illustrator you have to follow the steps like

• Create a custom artboard, choose the Artboard tool, and move it

intothe workspace to define the size, shape and location

• To use a preset Artboard, you have to double click on the Art-

board tool, and then choose a preset in the Artboard option dialog

box andclick ok. Drag the Artboard to the position you want
• To copy an existing Artboard, choose the Artboard tool, then click

the Artboard you have to duplicate and tap on the new Artboard

button inthe control panel, then tap on the button where you want to

place the duplicated Artboard

• To duplicate an Artboard with the contents, choose the Artboard

tool, click to choose the move/copy Artboard rectangle to

accommodate thebleed

Explain How Can We Create a Clipping Mask?

Answer : Clipping mask is one of the most important tools in Adobe

illustrator. It works very beautifully in designs. It is a great option to insert an

image in the path, object of shapes. Find below some easy steps to learn

clipping mask:

1. First ,we make a path with the help of pen tool of make shapes with

Rectangle tool. when we place our image on it, and selected image will be

sent back to the object of a path.

2. Now we select both (image and object) by pressing the Shift key and

press Ctíl+7 to make the clipping mask.

What is the Pathfinder tool for in Illustrator?

This useful tool allows you to quickly manipulate different shapes and strokes to create
other, more complex shapes and combine them without having to redraw. It is handy
when you want to combine several shapes. To access the Pathfinder Tool, you can head
to the Window dropdown menu and find the Pathfinder tool. Alternatively, you can also
press Shift + Ctrl + F9 to access the tool.
Following are all the Pathfinder effects.

• Add: This option lets you accurately trace the outline of all objects and treats

them as a singular merged the object.

• Intersect: The Intersect tool lets you trace the outline of a region in your

illustration, even if other objects overlap it. Here is an example of two objects
before and after being intersected.

• Exclude: Non-overlapping areas of objects can be traced, and it also makes all
the overlapping areas transparent. If you overlap an even number of objects,

the overlap becomes transparent. However, selecting an odd number of objects

will make the overlap filled.

• Subtract: The frontmost object from your shapes is removed from the

backmost object. The tool is handy for deleting areas of illustrations by stacking

the order in which they appear.

• Minus Back: The frontmost object has all the objects behind it removed. This

option is used for deleting areas of an illustration by making adjustments to the

stacking order.
• Divide: You can use this option to separate component-filled faces from a

piece of artwork. A face in this context is defined as any area that is not divided
by line segments. To make the most of the Divide tool in the Pathfinder panel,

you should use Group Selection or Direct Selection. Both options will allow you

to manipulate faces to either preserve or delete unfilled objects using the

command.
• Trim: You can remove part of a hidden filled object. All strokes that do not
merge with the selected objects of the same color are removed.

• Merge: The merge tool is used to remove parts of hidden filled objects. It can
also remove strokes from overlapping or adjoining objects that have been filled
using the same color.

• Crop: You can break down a piece of artwork into component-filled faces. Once
each part has been cropped out, you can also delete parts of the artwork that

do not fall within the boundary placed at the top. Extra strokes are also
automatically removed.

• Outline: The outline option lets you divide an object into edges or line

segments. You should use this command for preparing any type of artwork that

needs overprinting objects or traps.

• Hard Mix: This option lets you combine colors and automatically chooses the

highest value of all selected color components.

• Soft Mix: All underlying colors are made visible by overlapping your artwork.

The setting also lets you divide an image into multiple components’ faces. You

can specify the amount of visibility you want from the overlapping colors.
• Trap: The trap option automatically compensates for any gaps in your artwork.

The two adjoining colors in each gap are merged to perfect your illustration.
Here is an example below.
What is Gradient tool in Illustrator?
A gradient is a graduated blend of two or more colors or tints of the

same color. You can use gradients to create color blends, add volume to
vector objects, and add a light and shadow effect to your artwork. In

Illustrator, you can create, apply, and modify a gradient using the
Gradient panel, the Gradient tool, or the Control panel.
Gradient types
In Illustrator, you can create the following three types of gradients:
• Linear
Use this gradient type to blend colors from one point to another in a straight
line.
• Radial
Use this gradient type to blend colors from one point to another point in a
circular pattern.
• Freeform
Use this gradient type to create a graduated blend of color stops within a shape
in an ordered or random sequence such that the blending appears smooth and
natural. Freeform gradient can be applied in two modes:
o Points: Use this mode to shade the area around a color stop.
o Lines: Use this mode to shade the area around a line.

What is Shape Builder tool in Illustrator?

The Shape Builder tool allows you to create complex objects by merging and erasing

simpler objects. The Shape Builder tool selects edges and regions of an object, which
can be merged or erased to form a new object. An edge is any section of a path that

doesn’t intersect the path of other selected objects and a region is a closed area. You
can also break overlapping objects to create new ones. The style attributes of an
object are adopted after the merge. By default, the Shape Builder tool is in merge

mode; however, you can switch to erase mode by using the Alt (Win) or Option (Mac)
key. Before you start using the Shape Builder tool, you can set up and customize
options, such as coloring source, highlighting, and gap detection, to suit your own
preferences.

Explain the Following Tools of Adobe Illustrator?

1. Text tools

Text tools help you to add and edit text (type) in your artwork. Apart from plain text,

you can also add text on a path or in an area, and apply the desired text effects.

2. Modify tools

Use advanced Modify tools in Illustrator to manipulate objects and paths

 3. Select tools

Before you work on your artwork, you need to select some or all of its elements. Select tools let you
not just select, but move, rotate, scale, and transform your artwork, with varying degrees of
precision.