Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

ART DEFINED CONTEMPORARY

LESSON 1

WHAT IS ART?

• is “ar” in Aryan, which means, “to join or put together”.

• is “artizein” in Greek, meaning “to prepare”.
• is “ars” or “artis” in Latin, which means “ability or skill”.
• is the use of skill and imagination in the creation of
aesthetic objects, environments, or
experiences that can be shared with others.
• is the human ability to make things of beauty and things that
stir us.
• is the result of man’s manipulation of talents and materials.
• is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual,
auditory, or performing artifacts,
expressing the author’s imaginative, conceptual ideas, or
technical skill, intended to be
appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.

NOTE:
• Whether art represents something beautiful
or meaningful, or is the arrangement of lines,
colors, shapes and other aesthetic elements,
for as long as the completed work is a product
of expressing ambitions, emotions,
experiences, or thoughts, it is considered ART.

• History tells us that various artifacts have been found in

different parts of the world. This only means that art has long
been evident and it has been used as one of the earliest and
most basic form of communication in the olden times. It is
through these primitive artworks that they get to express
themselves and share their experiences to others, and in return,
it is through their works that we learn about their
civilizations.

• Hence, art is defined as the manifestation of human creativity

and skill to express oneself. This is why we learn and
understand artists and the regions where they come from – their
artworks reflect them and the society that they belong to.
However, what constitutes art has changed over
time and the production of art forms has indeed,
evolved. This, then, leads us to the very center of
this subject — CONTEMPORARY ART.

WHAT IS CONTEMPORARY ART?

• is the art of the modern-day.

• is the art of “now” since the artworks
are produced in the present time.
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

TIMELINE OF ART:

1. Prehistoric Art (40,000—4,000 B.C. )

2. Ancient Art (4,000 B.C. - A.D. 400)
3. Medieval Art (A.D. 500 - A.D. 1400)
4. Renaissance Art (1,400 - 1600)
5. Mannerism (1527 - 1580)
6. Baroque (1600 - 1750)
7. Rococo (1699 - 1780)
8. Neoclassicism (1750 - 1850)
9. Romanticism (1780 - 1850)
10.Realism (1848 - 1900)
11.Impressionism (1865 - 1885)
12.Post-Impressionism (1885 - 1910)
13.Art Nouveau (1890 – 1910)
14.Fauvism (1900 - 1935)
15.Expressionism (1905 – 1920)
16.Cubism (1907 – 1914)
17.Surrealism (1916 - 1950)
18.Abstract Expressionism (1940s - 1950s)
19.Op Art (1950s - 1960s)
20.Pop Art (1950s - 1960s)
21.Arte Povera (1960s)
22.Minimalism (1950s - 1960s)
23.Conceptual Art (1960s - 1970s)
24.Contemporary Art (1970s – present)

WHY DO ARTISTS CREATE ART?

There are many reasons why people make

art – probably as many as people making
art. As mentioned in the earlier part of this
lesson, art has been primarily used as a
tool for communication. However,
throughout history, art has come to serve
other purposes. Let us learn some of the

Few reasons why people create art:

1. FOR WORSHIP

As seen in many religious structures like the churches,

pyramids,
temples (such as the nearly barren Rock Garden at Ryoan-ji
temple
near Kyoto, Japan) and so on, art functions to enhance religious
contemplation. Religious institutions incorporate artists’
creative
skills into their sacred rituals such as the singing of worship
songs. The stained glass windows and sculptures that you see in
churches are designed to communicate biblical teachings.
Christian iconography and Christian-themed artworks are also
evidences that art is used to glorify one’s deity.
APOLAKI (GOD OF THE SUN), ANITO, HESUS NAZARENO

2. TO EVOKE EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS

• Using the elements and principles of art (be it

visual, audio or performing arts), the artists
(through their creative skills) convey feelings such as
anger or happiness in their artwork, which become
the message of the artwork to show the desired
emotion or experience.
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

3. TO REINFORCE CULTURALTIES AND TRADITIONS

• People of different cultures express their identity through

their artwork. The place they live, their way of life, their
beliefs and traditions are also seen among their works of
art. Through art, different cultures of different times
communicate with each other via images, sounds and
stories – making art a vehicle for social change as it
influences the society by translating experiences across
time and space.

4. FOR ADORNMENT

• Various art has been used to beautify not just the

human body but the surrounding as well. A sense
of face-lift is given to one’s body through fashion,
jewelries, and tattoos just as flower arrangement
and decorative art pieces do to give a make-over
to the environment. Note that adornment does not
only reflect culture, but also the trends within a
culture.

5. TO TELL STORIES

• Just as authors or song writers use words to tell

stories; and dancers use actions and steps to
depict a tale; artists use paint or charcoal to
describe scenes, characters, action or
conversations. Notice, too, that when you listen to
your favorite music, you can relate to the story
that it tries to portray or imagine looking at a
photo and understands its narrative without having
to read a text about it.

6. TO CAPTURE HISTORICAL EVENTS AND PEOPLE

• Before cameras were born, artists used painting or

sculpture to capture portraits of important people or
important events. Aside from these, artists of today
take photographs, or create drawings or sketches, or
even come-up with entertaining video clips to pay
tribute or to express their feelings and opinions about
an important person or event. Have you seen editorial
cartoons about our government? Do you remember
taking a photo of the late Kobe Bryant when he visited
the country using your smartphone? Try to recall the
many artworks on COVID-19 that are really catchy but
meaningful. These are artworks that seize important
events or people

7. FOR RECOGNITION

Gaining fame and fortune has also become a

reason for artists to create art. TV and movie
stars, musicians, and a number of visual artists
have used art as their bread and butter due to the
potential of huge earnings. Some artists have earned financial
success and have become critically acclaimed because of their
talent and reputation. Unfortunately, not all artists are as
fortunate – many still struggle to make ends meet
as their income depends on who patronizes their
art.
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

8. TO BRING ATTENTION TO ORDINARY OBJECTS

• Some artists choose to focus on ordinary object and give us

another view of what the object could be and what art really is.
As a modern trend in art, we see all kinds of everyday objects
turned into art making ordinary objects unique as they become
the focus of the artwork.

In truth, the purposes, motivations, intentions, and

inspirations behind the creation of art are endless.
Those discussed above are just some of the reasons
why we make art. Whether art helps us see what is
not easily perceived, or brings out that which
cannot be seen or felt easily, art allows us to express
ourselves and reflect what is beautiful around us.

FORMS OF ART:

1. VISUAL ARTS

• Artworks that are primarily visual in

nature.
• these are art forms that are perceived
and appreciated using our sense of
sight.

A. FINE ARTS
• artworks that are developed for aesthetics or
beauty.
•These art forms are primarily created for its
appearance and ability to stimulate the intellect
rather than its functional value.
•However, as time passed, the term “fine art”
extends its definition as it embraces new artworks
that emerge from new technology and artistic
inventions.

a. DRAWING
• a picture created by making lines on a surface.
• the act or art of creating a picture, plan, or sketch by
making lines on a surface.

b. PAINTING
• the process of applying paint, or another medium, to a solid
surface – usually a canvas.
•Paints or other forms of color are commonly applied to using a
paintbrush.
•However, artists do use different tools such as sponges, spray
paint, or even knives.

c. SCULPTURE
• an artistic form in which hard or plastic materials are worked
into 3-dimensional art objects.
•The designs may be embodied in freestanding objects, in reliefs
on surfaces, or in environments ranging from tableaux to
contexts that envelop the spectator.

d. PRINTMAKING
• an artistic process based on the principle of transferring
image from a matrix onto another surface,
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

most often paper or fabric.

•Traditional printmaking techniques include woodcut,
etching, engraving, and lithography, while modern artists have
expanded available techniques to include screen printing.

e. GRAPHIC ART
•The fine and applied arts of representation, decoration, and
writing or printing on flat surfaces together with the
techniques and crafts associated with them.

f. CALLIGRAPHY
• the art of beautiful handwriting
• the artistic process of forming beautiful symbols by hand and
arranging them in a way that inscribes words that possess
integrity, harmony, some sort of ancestry and rhythm.

g. ARCHITECTURE
• the art and method of building and designing structures with
an artistic element instead of relying solely on construction
abilities.

•The practice of architectural design is used to meet both

functional and artistic needs, therefore serving both practical
and creative goals.

2. DECORATIVE ARTS

• these art forms are created because of its aesthetic design

and practical use.

• Unlike fine arts whose function is to be looked at, decorative

arts are utilitarian in nature - they are both beautiful and
functional.

•Makers of these art works starting from the Renaissance period

up to the 20th century were not considered as artists. Instead,
they were called craftsmen.

a. TEXTILE ART
• arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to
construct practical or decorative objects.

b. GLASSWARE
• any decorative article made of glass, often designed for
everyday use.

c. JEWELRY
• are ornamental pieces that are made of materials which
may or may not be precious.

• are often set with genuine or imitation gems, and worn for
personal adornment.
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

d. FURNITURE AND ACCESORY FURNISHING

• It can be made from a vast multitude of materials,
including metal, plastic, and wood.

e. POTTERY
• is the process and the products of forming vessels and other
objects with clay and other ceramic materials, which are fired
at high temperatures to give them a hard, durable form
• Major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain.

f. BOOK ILLUSTRATION
• is a form of fine art that is used to create drawn pictures
and images for books.
• Illustrations are meant to be much more than pretty pictures,
however. They will usually help add to or enhance the story in
some way.
• Generally speaking, illustrations are more commonly found in
children's books.

g. EMBROIDERY
• art of decorating material, primarily textile fabric, by means
of a needle and thread(and sometimes fine wire).
• The basic techniques include crewel work, needlepoint,
cross-stitch embroidery, and quilting, as well as quillwork
and feather work.

h. FLOWER ARRANGEMENTS
• the art of using plant materials and flowers to create an eye-
catching and balanced composition or display.

i. METAL CRAFT
• the art of executing artistic designs in metal.

j. TAPESTRY
• is a form of textile art, traditionally woven by hand on a
loom.

k. INTERIOR DESIGN
• is the art and science of understanding people's behavior to
create functional spaces within a building.

l. FASHION DESIGN
• is the art of creating clothing and accessories.

3. CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS

• are considered as a special type of art that cannot be easily

categorized as fine arts or decorative arts because of the newly
conceived art styles and techniques.
• is defined as artworks that can be produced using new art
techniques.

a. ASSEMBLAGE
• is art that is made by assembling disparate elements - often
everyday objects – scavenged by the artist or bought specially.
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

b. COLLAGE
• describes both the technique and the resulting work of art in
which pieces of paper, photographs, fabric and other ephemera
are arranged and stuck down onto a supporting surface.

c. INSTALLATION
• is used to describe large-scale, mixed-media constructions,
often designed for a specific place or for a temporary period of
time.

d. PERFORMANCE ART
• Artworks that are created through actions performed by the
artist or other participants, which may be
live or recorded, spontaneous or scripted.

e. DIGITAL ART
• is a term used to describe art that is made or presented using
digital technology.

f. LAND ART
• is made directly in the landscape by sculpting the land itself
or by making structures in the landscape with natural materials.

g. CONCEPTUAL ART
• art for which the idea (or concept) behind the work is
more important than the finished art object.

B. PERFORMING ARTS

• This is art form in which artists make use of their voices,

body
movements or non-living objects to express one’s emotions
and feelings.
• are meant to be performed in front of a live audience to
provide entertainment in theatres or opera houses, open air
stages, on stages in tents such as circuses, and on the street.
• Artists who participate in this form of art in front of an
audience are called performers. They are usually more known
as actors, circus artists, comedians, dancers, magicians,
musicians, and singers.

1. THEATER ARTS

• Also known as play, this branch of performing arts involves

the integration and combination of the visual and performing
arts.
• involves performers who act out stories that are based on
reality or imagination using a combination of speech, gesture,
music, dance and visual arts as props to convey the story in
front of an audience.

EXAMPLES OF THEATER:

ARTS: • TRAGEDY
• MIME • OPERA
• PUPPETRY • MUSICAL THEATER
• TRADITIONAL THEATER
Myles Alison Diapera Credits of PPT to Ma’am Megan

2. DANCE

• is defined as regulated or deliberated order of body

movements. This form of performing arts typically
refers to human movements that have aesthetic
value and are often performed with music
accompaniment.
• comes in various forms and styles and the art of
making dances is called choreography while the
person who practices this art is a choreographer.

EXAMPLES OF DANCES:

• Ballet - Belly Dance

• Contemporary Dance - Improvisational Dance
• Modern Dance - Break Dance
• Ballroom Dance - Hip-hop Dance
• Folk Dance
• Traditional Dance

3. MUSIC

• defined as the manipulation of sound and silence.

• This form of art combines different elements such as
pitch, rhythm, dynamics, timbre, and texture to create
sound, which happens to be the material of music.
• It is performed using musical sounds from various
musical instruments, or using the human voice with
style or technique, or a combination of both.
• can be improvised or planned, and can occur in recorded
formats or even performed live.

a. ART MUSIC
-is the umbrella term used to refer to music that stems from
Western Classical Music.

- It is usually presented and preserved through written musical

notations that were developed in Europe

B. POPULAR MUSIC
– generally refers to music that is accessible and commercially
available to the public.

- It is played or disseminated through different mass media

outlets such as radios, television, and the Internet.

C. TRADITIONAL MUSIC
– are musical forms that are community and culturally based.

- It is diverse with one community or group often

having a different form from another.

- It is learned and preserved by passing it to one

generation to another through oral communication
and actual performance.