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Q1 W4 DRRR Handouts

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17 views1 page

Q1 W4 DRRR Handouts

Uploaded by

angelafhayesantos613
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DISASTER, READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION

6. Earthquake-induced landslides
QUARTER 1: LESSON 4. BASIC CONCEPT OF Landslides are frequently triggered by strong ground
HAZARD motions. They are important secondary earthquake
hazard. The term landslide includes a wide range of
What is an Earthquake? ground movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of
Geologists explain that an earthquake is a slopes, and shallow debris flows. However, gravity
type of hazard that depends on the strength of acting on a steep slope is the primary reason for all
seismic activity, along with such factors as local landslides.
topographic and built features, subsurface geology
and groundwater. A large earthquake will always be What should I do BEFORE, DURING, and AFTER
followed by a sequence of aftershocks that normally Earthquake?
aggravates its effect on human and material
elements like buildings and infrastructure. What to do before Earthquake
● Make sure you have a fire extinguisher, first aid
The following are different hazards that normally kit, a battery-powered radio, a flashlight, and
result from the occurrence of an earthquakes: extra batteries at home.
● Learn first aid.
1. Ground Shaking or Ground Motion ● Learn how to turn off the gas, water, and
The earth shakes with the passage of electricity.
earthquake waves, which radiate energy that had ● Make up a plan of where to meet your family
been “stored” in stressed rocks, and were released after an earthquake.
when a fault broke and the rocks slipped to relieve ● Don't leave heavy objects on shelves (they'll fall
the pent-up stress. The strength of ground shaking is during a quake).
measured in the velocity of ground motion, the ● Anchor heavy furniture, cupboards, and
acceleration of ground motion, the frequency appliances to the walls or floor.
content of the shaking and how long the shaking ● Learn the earthquake plan at your school or
continues (the duration). workplace.

2. Ground or Surface Rupture What to do during an Earthquake


Surface rupture is an offset of the ground surface ● Stay calm! If you're indoors, stay inside. If you're
when fault rupture extends to the Earth’s surface outside, stay outside.
when fault rupture extends to the Earth’s surface. ● If you're indoors, stand against a wall near the
Any structure built cross the fault is at risk of being torn center of the building, stand in a doorway, or
apart as the two sides of the fault slip past each crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table).
other. Stay away from windows and outside doors.
● If you're outdoors, stay in the open away from
3. Liquefaction
power lines or anything that might fall. Stay away
Soil liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the
from buildings (stuff might fall off the building or
strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by
the building could fall on you).
earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. It
● Don't use matches, candles, or any flame.
normally occurs in saturated soils, that is, soils in which
Broken gas lines and fire don't mix.
the space between individual particles is completely
● If you're in a car, stop the car and stay inside the
filled with water.
car until the earthquake stops.
● Don't use elevators (they may shut down
4. Earthquake-induced ground subsidence and
lateral spreading Subsidence, or lowering of the
What to do after an Earthquake
ground surface, often occurs during earthquakes.
This may be due to downward vertical displacement ● Check yourself and others for injuries. Provide first
on one side of a fault, and can sometimes affect a aid for anyone who needs it.
huge area of land. Subsidence can also occur as ● Check water, gas, and electric lines for damage.
ground shaking causes loose sediments to “settle” If any are damaged, shut off the valves. Check
and to lose their load bearing strength or to slump for the smell of gas. If you smell it, open all the
down sloping ground. Lateral spreading occurs windows and doors, leave immediately, and
where sloping ground starts to move downhill, report it to the authorities (use someone else's
causing cracks to open up, that are often seen phone).
along hill crests and river banks. ● Turn on the radio. Don't use the phone unless it's
an emergency.
5. Tsunami ● Stay out of damaged buildings.
A tsunami, also known as a seismic sea wave, is a ● Be careful around broken glass and debris. Wear
series of waves in a water body caused by the boots or sturdy shoes to keep from cutting your
displacement of a large volume of water, generally feet.
in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic ● Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you).
eruptions and other underwater explosions ● Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis sometimes hit
(including detonations of underwater nuclear after the ground has stopped shaking.
devices), landslides, glacier carvings, meteorite ● Stay away from damaged areas.
impacts and other disturbances above or below ● If you're at school or work, follow the emergency
water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. plan or the instructions of the person in charge.
● Expect aftershock

PREPARED BY: SIR DELFINO

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