COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector : AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Qualification Title : ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION NC II

Unit of Competency : PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION

Module Title : PARTICIPATING IN WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION

REGIONAL TRAINING CENTER – ILIGAN

Maria Cristina, Iligan City
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
Welcome to the Module Participating in Workplace Communication.
This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency Participate in Workplace Communication is
one of the Basic Competencies which contains the knowledge, skills and
attitudes required for all the programs offered by all TESDA Technology
Institutes in Region X.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome there
are Information Sheets, Resource Sheets and Reference Materials for further
reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each learning
outcome. Get the answer key from your trainer and check your work honestly.
If you have questions, please don’t hesitate to ask him/her for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
 Been working in the same industry for some time.
 Already completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally
recognized so you won’t have to do the same training again. If you have
qualifications or Certificates of Competency from previous trainings, show
them to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still relevant to this
module, they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL.

A Trainees Record Book (TRB) is given to you to record important

dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in
providing further details to your trainer.
A Record of Achievement/Progress Chart is also provided to your trainer to
complete/accomplish once you have completed the module. This will show
your own progress.
You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this competency before
moving to another competency. A Certificate of Achievement will be awarded to you
after passing the evaluation.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |2
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S.
Revision # :
Communication Magsayo
Ways in using this CBLM

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency:
Participate in Workplace Communication. This will be the source of
information for you to acquire the knowledge and skills in this particular
module with minimum supervision or help from your trainer. With the aid of
this material, you will acquire the competency independently and at your own
pace.
Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into
sections which covers all the skills and knowledge you need to
successfully complete in this module.
Work through all the information sheets and complete the activities in
each section. Do what is asked in the INSTRUCTIONAL SHEETS and
complete the SELF-CHECK. Suggested references are included to
supplement the materials provided in this module.
Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
Ask for help.
Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider
when you are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take
notes.
Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.
Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your
own progress.
When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in the module.
As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your
progress. Your trainer gives feedback/pre-assessment reports for this
reason. When you have successfully completed each element or learning
outcome, ask your trainer to mark on the reports that you are ready for
assessment.
When you have completed this module and feel confident that you
have had sufficient practice, your trainer will schedule you for the
institutional assessment. The result of your assessment/evaluation will be
recorded in your COMPETENCY ACHIEVEMENT RECORD.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |3
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S.
Revision # :
Communication Magsayo
 COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
BASIC COMPETENCIES
Participate In Workplace Participating in workplace
1. 500311105
Communication communication
Work In A Team Working in a team
2. 500311104
Environment environment
Practice Career Practicing career
3. 500311107
Professionalism professionalism
Practice Occupational Health Practicing Occupational health
4. 500311108
and Safety and Safety
COMMON COMPETENCIES
Apply Safety Measures in Applying Safety Measures in
5. AGR321201
Farm Operations Farm Operation
Use Farm Tools and Using Farm Tools and
6. AGR321202
Equipment Equipment
Perform Estimation and Performing Estimation and
7. AGR321203
Calculations Basic Calculation
Develop and Update Industry Developing and Updating
8. TRS311201
Knowledge Industry Knowledge

9. Perform Record Keeping Performing Record Keeping AGR321205

CORE COMPETENCIES
10. Raise Organic Chicken Raising Organic Chicken
AGR612301

11. Produce Organic Vegetables Producing Organic Vegetables

AGR611306

12. Produce Organic Fertilizer Producing Organic Fertilizer

AGR611301

13. Produce Organic Concoctions Producing Organic Concoction

AGR611302
and Extracts and Extracts
ELECTIVE COMPETENCIES
14. Raise Organic Hogs Raising Organic Hogs
AGR612302

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |4
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15. Raise Organic Small Raising Organic Small
AGR612303
Ruminants Ruminants

MODULE CONTENT

Qualification : Organic Agriculture Production NCII

Unit of Competency : Participate in Workplace Communication
Module Title : Participating in Workplace Communication
Introduction : This module covers the knowledge, skills and
attitudes required to obtain, interpret and
convey information in response to workplace
requirements.
Nominal Duration : 4 Hours

Learning Outcomes :

At the end of this module, you MUST be able to:

1. Obtain and convey workplace information
2. Participate in workplace meetings and discussion
3. Complete relevant work-related documents
4. Identify the efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilization
5. Determine causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness or resource utilization
6. Convey efficient and effective environmental practices to address climate change
7. Green TVET
8. Implement cost-effective operation
9. Gather data / information
10. Assess gathered data/information

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |5
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S.
Revision # :
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Assessment Criteria :
1. Specific relevant information is Retrieved from appropriate sources.
2. Effective questioning, active listening and speaking skills are
used to gather and convey information
3. Appropriate medium is used to transfer information and ideas.
4. Appropriate non-verbal communication is used.
5. Appropriate lines of communication with superiors and
colleagues are identified
6. Defined workplace procedures for the location and storage of
information.
7. Personal interaction is carried out clearly and concisely.
8. Team meetings are attended on time.
9. Own opinions are clearly expressed and those of others are listened to
without interruption.
10. Meeting inputs are consistent with the meeting purpose and
established protocols.
11. Workplace interactions are conducted in a courteous manner
appropriate to cultural background and authority in the enterprise
procedures.
12. Questions about simple routine workplace procedures and matters
concerning conditions of employment are asked and responded.
13. Meeting outcomes are interpreted and implemented.
14. Ranges of forms relating to conditions of employment are completed
accurately and legibly.
15. Workplace data is recorded on standard workplace forms and
documents.
16. Basic mathematical processes are used routine calculations.
17. Errors in recording information on forms/documents are identified and
rectified.
18. Reporting requirements to superior are completed according to enterprise
guidelines.

PREREQUISITE: None

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |6
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S.
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Communication Magsayo
 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome # 1 OBTAIN AND CONVEY WORKPLACE INFORMATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.1-1 Effective
verbal and non-verbal communication
2. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-1
3. Read Information sheet 1.1-2 on Different
modes of Communication a nd Lines
of Communication
4. Answer Self-Check 1.1-2 If you have some problem on
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-2 the content of the
5. Read Information Sheet1.1-3 on Different information sheet don’t
mode of Communication and lines of hesitate to approach your
Communication facilitator. If you feel that you
6. Answer Self-Check 1.1-3 are now knowledgeable on
the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-3
information sheet, you can
7. Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 Medium of
now answer self-check
Communication in the Workplace
provided in the module After
8. Answer Self-Check 1.1-4 doing all activities of this LO,
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-4 you are ready to proceed to
9. Perform Job Sheet 1.1-4 the next LO on Complete
relevant work-related
10. Check your work by comparing to the documents
performance standard on observation
checklist.
11. Read Information Sheet 1.1-5
Technology Relevant to Enterprise and
the Individual ‘s Work
12. Answer Self-Check 1.1-5
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-5

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |7
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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1

EFFECTIVE VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the different verbal communication skills
2. Identify the different non-verbal communication skills
3. Determine effective ways of communicating in both
verbal and non- verbal

Communication is the way of transferring information from one place,

person or group to another. The complexity in communication came from
the transmission of the message -the delivery of an idea can be affected by
many factors such as emotions, cultural situation, the medium used,
intonations, etc. Hence, a good communication skill is considered desirable
for employers around the world: accurate, effective and clear.

Figure 1: Communication[1]

Verbal Communication Skills

Verbal communication is an all-encompassing term for communication
involving words- whether they’re spoken, written or signed. It serves as way
of expressing ideas, desires and concepts that is significant in the process
of learning and teaching.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
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Four Types of Verbal Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication

- This form of communication is extremely private and restricted to

ourselves. It includes the silent conversations we have with
ourselves, wherein we juggle roles between the sender and receiver
who are processing our thoughts and actions. This process of
communication when analyzed can either be conveyed verbally to
someone or stay confined as thought.

Figure 2: Self-talk[2]

2. Interpersonal Communication

- This form of communication takes place between two individuals and

is thus a one-on-one conversation. Here, the two individuals involved
will swap their roles of sender and receiver in order to communicate
in a clearer manner.

Figure 3 : Communicating with others[3]

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

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PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
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ILIGAN Page |9
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Small Group Communication
- This type of communication can take place only when there are more
than two people involved. Here the number of people will be small
enough to allow each participant to interact and converse with the
rest. Press conferences, board meetings, and team meetings are
examples of group communication. Unless a specific issue is being
discussed, small group discussions can become chaotic and difficult to
interpret by everybody. This lag in understanding information
completely can resulting miscommunication.
3. Public Communication

- This type of communication takes place when one individual

address a large gathering of people. Election campaigns and
public speeches are example of this type of communication. In
such cases, there is usually a single sender of information and
several receivers who are being addressed.

Forum or public speaking[5]

Verbal Skills Worth Practicing

1. Be friendly. People that entertain positive vibes and talks with a friendly
tone always has the edge to be heard. Biologically, people are more
drawn to something/someone that could make us feel good and
entertained.
2. Think before you speak. A communication skill starts with a
comprehensible set of ideas that could easily be understood. Also, the use of
positive words is encouraged.
3. Don’t talk too much. A good communication does not only involves
talking, it also involves listening to the other side.
4. Be authentic. Nowadays, people are easily turned off by people who
feel that they need to put on a show to prove a point. People are more
QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 attracted to someone who’s authentic, transparent and real.

5. Speak with confidence. A person who speaks with confidence is more

reliable than those who stutter and sounds unsure.

Non-Verbal Communication Skills

- Sometimes, non-verbal communication speaks louder than words. In

accordance to the author, Alton Barbour, only 7% of communication
is based verbally, the other percentages are composed of facial
expressions and other non-verbal skills.
Group using non-verbal

cues

Types of Nonverbal Communication

1. Eye Contact. Eye contact is like the

cable that connects your laptop to
the projector. A fixed eye contact
establishes a strong connection
between the talker and the listener.
Moreover, it also shows sincerity
and interest.
2. Facial Expressions. The face is the
gateway to anyone’s thought. Allow
it to reflect your feelings without
overdoing it.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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3. Touch. Touch can communicate effectively in a variety of
circumstances. For example, the firmness of your handshake can
show the other person you are self- confident when you are meeting
for the first time. A gentle touch on the shoulder can show empathy
when someone is getting emotional. A hug can be friendly, comforting
or caring when used with someone you know well. Be careful of how
you use touch with strangers and co-workers so it is not interpreted
as inappropriate.

4. Space. A right amount of space helps maintain each other’s comfort level.
The other person might feel intimidated or disrespected if you don't keep a
proper distance.
5. Gestures. Keep your hand gestures small and natural, letting them
emphasize what you are saying without overwhelming your words.

Various gestures as a tool for emphasizing a point

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN P a g e | 12
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 SELF-CHECK 1.1-1
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given
choices.

1. A type of verbal communication that involves a deep

communication within ourselves.
a. Interpersonal
b. Intrapersonal
c. Gestures
d. Facial Expressions

2. An effective verbal communication involves all of the following,

except
a. Be friendly
b. Always be the listener
c. Do not brag
d. Be confident

3. This form of communication takes place between two individuals

and is thus a one-on-one conversation

a. Interpersonal
b. Intrapersonal
c. Gestures
d. Facial Expressions

4. It establishes a strong connection between the talker and the

listener, it also shows sincerity and interest.

a. Gestures
b. Facial Expressions
c. Tone and Intonations
d. Eye contact

5. All of the following are a good practice of non-verbal

communication, except:

a. Maintaining a close space to ensure trust and connection

b. Controlling your facial expressions
c. Keeping your gesture natural and small
d. Keep your eye contact fixed during conversation

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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TESDA RTC
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 ANSWER KEY 1.1-1

1. B
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. A

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-2
DIFFERENT MODES OF COMMUNICATION
AND LINES OF COMMUNICATION

Learning Objectives:

After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be able to:
1. Identify the three modes of communication
2. Differentiate the three modes of communication

Three Modes of Communication

The modes of communication are summarized on the table below.
INTERPERSONAL INTERPRETIVE PRESENTATIONAL

Two women Reading as an Lecture as a

interacting interpretive activity presentational
communication
Two way One way One-way communication
communication with communication with intended for an audience
an active exchange of no recourse to the of readers, listeners, or
ideas point to the writer or viewers
speaker
Spontaneous and Readers or listeners Presentation of
meaningful interprets the author information; not
or speaker exchange
-No direct opportunity for
the active
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 negotiation of meaning
exists
Participants observe Interpretation differs To ensure the intended
and monitor one from comprehension audience is successful in
another to see how and translation in its interpretation,
their meanings and that it implies the the “presenter”
intentions ae being ability to read, listen needs knowledge
communicated and or view “between of the audience’s
making adjustments the lines,”including language and
and clarifications understanding from culture
accordingly. within the cultural
mindset or
perspective
Involves speaking, Reading of authentic Writing (messages,
listening, writing and texts articles, advertisements,
reading. (websites, stories and flyers, brochures,
other short stories,
literature, articles, reports, scripts,
signs) Power Point
-Listening to authentic presentations);
texts
(speeches, messages,
songs, -Speaking (telling a story,
radio news, ads)
giving a speech, TV or radio
- Viewing of authentic news, drama presentations
Materials (videos, including skits,
movies, presentation to jury)
presentations, TV
shows,
commercials, news,
plays)

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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TESDA RTC
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Lines of Communication
1. Line of Power

Sample organizational chart

Every employee should know whom to talk to, whether regarding a
business-related question or otherwise. Establish a line of communication
power so no one goes unheard in the workplace. If you are a point of
contact or supervisor, inform subordinates before you pass one of their
concerns along to your supervisor. Mostly out of respect, this will keep your
relationship with employees healthy and communicative. Keep an open-door
policy. Make sure those who answer to you know they can approach you
with concerns through email, phone or office visit with proper notice.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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2. Line of Technology

Sample gadgets which use technology

Technology is the primary communication vehicle in business, so several

things must be considered and practiced before relaying important
messages via telephone or email. Before calling your point of contact, jot
down notes so you have a coherent plan for relaying your message. The
notes should include a greeting, a purpose, an explanation and a call to
action. A well-organized phone call will demand results and garner respect
from your point of contact. Speak clearly and confidently. Writing an email
to ask a question or convey a message can be an effective line of
communication if done properly. A business email should be concise, cordial
in tone and only long enough to get the point across effectively.

3. In-person Communication

- Communicating in person involves verbal and nonverbal

communication, and both are essential to workplace communication,
and work together in speaking and listening. The verbal without the
nonverbal is like having a pen and no paper. Whether in a business
meeting, casual interaction or presentation, several verbal and
nonverbal techniques exist and will greatly improve office
communication.

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TESDA RTC
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 Employees conduct virtual business meeting

SELF-CHECK 1.1-2
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Identification. Identify the mode of communication used in the following
situations.

1. An advertisement of an energy drink.

2. Reading published stories in Facebook.
3. Giving a speech in a graduation ceremony.
4. Watching TV shows like Probinsyano.
5. Telling a story at a toy conference
6. Relaying news.
7. Having a conversation with a friend.
8. A role-play in class
9. Exchanging letters
10. Listening to songs.

ANSWER KEY 1.1-2

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 1. Presentational
2. Interpretive
3. Presentational
4. Interpretive
5. Presentational
6. Interpretive
7. Interpersonal
8. Presentational
9. Interpersonal
10. Interpretive

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-3

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 MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION IN THE WORKPLACE

Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be
able to:
1. Identify the different mediums of communication in the workplace
2. Apply each medium of communication

We divide the different types of communication medium into two different

categories:
Physical media

- With physical media we mean channels where the person who is

talking can be seen and heard by the audience. The whole point here
is to be able to not only hear the messages but also to see the body
language and feel the climate in the room.

Mechanical media

- With mechanical media we mean written or electronic channels.

These channels can be used as archives for messages or for giving the
big picture and a deeper knowledge. But they can also be very fast.
Typically, though, because it is written, it is always interpret by the
reader based on his or her mental condition. Irony or even humor
rarely travels well in mechanical channels

Physical Media
1. Large Meetings. This channel works very well when you need to get
across strategic and important messages to a large group of people at the
same time, creating a wide attention, get engagement or communicate a
sense of belonging. Large meetings are excellent when you want to
present a new vision or strategy, inform about a reorganization or share
new values. The opportunity for dialogue is limited at large meeting, of
course but you can create smaller groups where dialogue can be
performed.

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 Employees attend meeting for various purposes

2. Weekly Departmental Meetings.

In the weekly meetings you and your group communicate daily
operative issues, gives status reports and solves problems.
Weekly meetings are also used to follow up on information from
large meetings, management team meetings etc from a “what’s-
in-it-for-us-perspective”. This type of smaller group meetings
gives good opportunities for dialogue.

E
mployees Attend Small Group or Weekly Meetings

3. Up Close and Personal.

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 This is a form of meetings where, often, a senior manager meets with
a “random” selection of employees to discuss and answer
questions. Some managers use this as an ongoing activity on a
monthly basis. It can also be used in specific projects or
campaigns e.g. launching new strategies.

Meets Random Employees

4. Viral Communication.
It can be word-of-mouth delivered or enhanced by the network
effects of social media.

Sample Vehicles for Viral Communication

MECHANICAL MEDIA
1. Email

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 - Is a good channel for the daily communication to the specific target
groups. It is suitable mainly for up-to-date and “simple” messages
and where there is no risk of misunderstanding. Email is important
supplement to weekly meetings.

Sample Electronic Mail Using the Google Application

2. Weekly newsletters.
- Managers that have large groups of employees and who has
difficulties in meeting all of them often choose to publish a personally
weekly letter. It is sort of a short summary of news with personally
reflections. Many employees often appreciate it because it has the
potential to give the “what’s-in-it-for-us” angle. They can also contain
summaries and status in tasks, projects or issues – yesterday, today

and tomorrow
Sample Newsletter from A Construction Company
3. Personal letters. At special occasions it can be justified to send a personal
letter to employees in order to get attention to a specific issue. E.g.
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ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
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 pat on the back letter after extra ordinary achievements. Or it can be a
letter with your personal commentary on an ongoing reorganization that
affects many employees. One other example is a letter that summarizes
the past year and wishes all the best for the holidays.
4. SMS. Text messaging to the mobile phone is one of the new types of
communication medium and not a very widely used channel but where
it is used it is proven very effective. Some companies use it as an alert
system e.g. for giving managers a head start when something
important will be published on the Intranet. The advantage with SMS
is that it is fast. But it should be used rarely as an exclusive channel

Sample Short Message Service (SMS)

5. Social Media. More and more companies are using social media in
their external marketing, setting up twitter and Facebook accounts
etc. But these channels are also used internal where managers
become “friends” on Facebook with their employees or where
managers use blog and twitter targeting their employees.

Common Social Media Applications Used Today

SELF-CHECK 1.1-3

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Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given
choice.
1. Is one of the new types of communication medium that is very fast and is often
used as an alert system for giving a head start when something important comes
up.

a. SMS
b. Social Media
c. Email
d. Large Meetings

2. This channel works very well when you need to get across strategic and important
messages to a large group of people at the same time.

a. Email
b. Large Meetings
c. Up Close and Personal
d. Viral Communication

3. It can be word-of-mouth delivered or enhanced by the network effects of social

media.

a. SMS
b. Email
c. Viral Communication
d. Departmental Meetings

4. Used to follow up on information from large meetings, management team

meetings etc from a “what’s-in-it-for-us-perspective”.

a. SMS
b. Email
c. Viral Communication
d. Departmental Meetings
5. What is the main difference between physical and mechanical medium?

a. Physical medium involves seeing the speaker personally

while mechanical does not.
b. Physical medium, the listener cannot reply with the speaker while
in the mechanical medium, the listener can.
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
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 ANSWER KEY 1.1-3

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-4
COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES, SYSTEMS AND ORGANIZATIONAL
POLICIES

Learning Objectives:

After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be

able to:
1. Trace the flow of communication.
2. Identify the different elements involved in the
communication process.

Communication is a continuous process which mainly involves three

elements: sender, message, and receiver. The elements involved in the
communication process are explained below:

1. Sender.
The sender or the communicator generates the message and
conveys it to the receiver. He is the source and the one who
starts the communication

2. Message.
It is the idea, information, view, fact, feeling, etc. that is
generated by the sender and is then intended to be
communicated further.

3. Encoding.
The message generated by the sender is encoded symbolically
such as in the form of words, pictures, gestures, etc. before it is
being conveyed.

4. Media.
It is the manner in which the encoded message is transmitted.
The message may be transmitted orally or in writing. The
medium of communication includes telephone, internet, post,
fax, e-mail, etc.

5. Decoding.
It is the process of converting the symbols encoded by the sender.
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 After decoding the message is received by the receiver.

6. Receiver.
He is the person who is last in the chain and for whom the
message was sent by the sender. Once the receiver receives the
message and understands it in proper perspective and acts
according to the message, only then the purpose of
communication is successful.

7. Feedback.
Once the receiver confirms to the sender that he has received the
message and understood it, the process of communication is
complete.

8. Noise.
It refers to any obstruction that is caused by the sender, message or
receiver during the process of communication. For example, bad
telephone connection, faulty encoding, faulty decoding, inattentive
receiver, poor understanding of message due to prejudice or
inappropriate gestures.

Model of Communication Process (Belch & Belch, 2009)

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Organizational Policies
Workplace policies establish boundaries, guidelines, and best
practices for acceptable behavior at your business. The purpose of
policies such as these is they allow you to communicate to your employees
the way you expect them to behave on the job.

Sample Compiled Policies of An Organization

Importance of Organization/Workplace Policies

1. Establishes a Policy Manual. Typically provided to new hires during

orientation, the manual covers policies and procedures related to
categories such as proper dress, professional etiquette, and performance
standards. The manual also usually addresses specific policies and
procedures that are unique to your organization.

2. Creates Uniformity in Employee Rights and Responsibilities. Another

purpose of policies at your business is to create some level of uniformity
in employee rights and responsibilities. Without a clear policy direction,
employees tend to have different personal standards that can lead to
conflict.

3. Establishes Best Practices. A workplace policy can also help you

recognize what decisions and actions produce the best results for your
business. Some policies simply direct employees to act in line with what
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 best benefits their department or the organization.

4. Addresses Workplace Safety. Safety is another important purpose of

policies in the workplace. You should include policies that address legal and
ethical safety for the organization as well as personal safety for employees.

5. Limitations to Consider. Policies that are too restrictive can inhibit

creative thinking, anger employees, and lead to a decrease in productivity.
By ensuring that your policies are fair, you can prevent this type of
negative result that could harm your company’s long-term success.

DEVELOPING AND INTRODUCING WORKPLACE POLICIES

Step 1 – Management Support

The endorsement and modelling of the behavior by senior managers
and supervisors will encourage staff to take the policies seriously.

Step 2 - Consult with staff

Involve staff in developing and implementing workplace policies to
promote stronger awareness, understanding and ownership of the
outcome.

Step 3 - Define the terms of the policy

Be explicit. Define key terms used in the policy at the beginning
so that employees understand what is meant.
Example 1: Occupational health and safety
No employee is to commence work, or return to work while under the influence
of alcohol or drugs. A breach of this policy is grounds for disciplinary action,
up to and including termination of employment.
Example 2: Email policy
Using the organization’s computer resources to seek out, access or send any
material of an offensive, obscene or defamatory nature is prohibited and may
result in disciplinary action.

Step 4 - Put the policies in writing and publicize them

To be effective, policies need to be publicized and provided to all
existing and new employees. This includes casual, part-time and
full-time employees and those on maternity leave or career
breaks.

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Step 5 - Training and regular referral
The policies may be explained to staff through information and/or
training sessions, at staff meetings and during induction sessions
for new staff. They should also be reiterated and discussed with
staff regularly at staff meetings to ensure they remain relevant.

Step 6 – Implementation
A breach of a policy should be dealt with promptly and
according to the procedures set out in the policy. The
consequence of the breach should also suit the severity of the
breach – whether it be a warning, disciplinary action or
dismissal.

Step 7 - Evaluate and review

Review policies regularly to ensure they are current and in line with
any changes within the organization. Where policies are
significantly changed they should be re-issued to all staff and the
changes explained to them to ensure they understand the
organization’s new directions. These changes should also be widely
publicized.

Types of Policies
Here are some examples of common workplace policies that could assist your
workplace:
code of conduct
recruitment policy
internet and email policy
mobile phone policy
non-smoking policy
drug and alcohol policy
health and safety policy
anti-discrimination and harassment policy
discipline and termination policy

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 SELF CHECK 1.1-4

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given
choices.
1. It is the manner in which the encoded message is transmitted. This can be either
verbal or non-verbal.

a. communication
b. media
c. message
d. receiver

2. He is the source and the one who starts the communication.

a. feedback
b. noise
c. receiver
d. sender

3. It refers to any obstruction that is caused by the sender, message or receiver

during the process of communication.

a. encoding
b. decoding
c. noise
d. sender

4. The importance of policies in an organization are stated in the following except:

a. addresses workplace safety

b. creates uniformity in employee rights and responsibilities
c. establishes best practices
d. establishes grievance committee

5. In developing and introducing policy manual, defining the key terms used in the
policy at the beginning should be established for what purpose?

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a. ensure relevant breach of a policy should be dealt with promptly and according
to the procedures set out in the policy
b. understand what is meant by the policy
c. promote stronger awareness, understanding and ownership of the outcome
d. None of the above

ANSWER KEY 1.1-4

1. B
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. B

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 JOB SHEET 1.1-4
Title Perform Communication Procedures and
Systems
Performance Objectives: Given a specific type of communication
medium, the group should be able to
demonstrate briefly the communication
process and identify the different elements
involved within 15 minutes.
Supplies and materials: 1. Props
2. Cellular Phone
3. Laptop
4. Projector
5. Bond papers (Newsletter)
Steps/Procedures:

1. The students will be divided into 5 groups. Each group will be assigned one
communication medium to act out.
Group 1 – Large Meeting Group 2 –
SMS
Group 3 – Viral Communication Group
4 – Email
Group 5 – Newsletter
2. Each group will present a 5-10-minute skit that demonstrates each
communication medium and shows the different steps of
communication and the elements involved.
Assessment Method:

Performance Criteria Checklist

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
JOB SHEET 1.1-4

Trainee’s Name: Date:

CRITERIA YES NO

The trainee has:

Demonstrated the communication medium

correctly
Clearly identified the sender

Clearly stated the message

Clearly encoded the message

Clearly demonstrated the decoding of the message

Stated the receiver

Received some feedback from the receiver

Showed “noise”

Comments/Suggestions:

Trainer:_________________________________
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Date: __________________________________

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-5

TECHNOLOGY RELEVANT TO THE ENTERPRISE AND
THE INDIVIDUAL’S WORK

Learning Objectives:

After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be able to:
1. Identify the different devices used in communication.
2. Determine each devices’ usage.

The advancement of technology has helped to advance the ways in which

we communicate with each other. One-way technology has advanced
communication is through the birth of electronic communication devices.
Cell phones, social networking websites, email, and faxes are a few
examples of electronic communication devices. These devices have helped to
make communication more accessible and convenient.
1. Telephone. Over the past century, advances in technology have replaced
the heavy hardware and metal wiring of the original design with
lightweight micro circuitry. These advancements have also allowed for the
transition from landlines to wireless, freeing people to communicate from
remote locations. All over the world, millions of people can talk to each
other, expanding businesses and improving relationships that might not
otherwise have survived across long distances. Telephones also allow for
instant communication, and new technology integrates video and
Internet.

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 Landline versus Wireless
2. Internet. Email, social networks, newsgroups and video transmission
have connected the world like never before. Privacy concerns have
arisen with the proliferation of the Internet, especially with government
monitoring and certain social networking sites, but the Internet has
woven itself into the fabric of society and business. High-speed
connections allow for an immense amount of information to be
transferred in seconds.

Woman Using Internet Via Video Call

3. Cellphones. Is a telecommunication device that uses radio waves over a

networked area (cells) and is served through a cell site or base station at
a fixed location, enabling calls to transmit wirelessly over a wide range,
to a fixed landline or via the Internet.

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Woman Using A Mobile Phone

1. Fax machine. Is a device that is used

to send documents electronically over
a telephone network. The
transmissions it sends are called
“faxes,” and these can be between two
fax machines, or between a fax
machine and computer or online fax
service that is equipped to send and
receive faxes.

Fax machine

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 SELF-CHECK 1.1-5
Multiple Choice. Choose the type of technology that is most appropriate to
use at the given scenario.
1. A head start should be given immediately to an employee on travel.

a. telephone
b. fax machine
c. cellphone
d. email

2. A scanned copy of the memorandum should be given to the head office.

a. telephone
b. fax machine
c. cellphone
d. email

3. Given that you don’t have any personal contact in the other office and your office
has an important notification to be given immediately, what would you use?

a. telephone
b. fax machine
c. cellphone
d. email

4. A hardcopy of the announcements should be delivered directly to another office.

a. telephone
b. fax machine
c. cellphone
d. email

5. An emergency meeting for the whole company should be done in about five
minutes.

a. telephone
b. fax machine
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c. cellphone
d. email

ANSWER KEY 1.1-5

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. C

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome #2 PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE MEETINGS AND DISCUSSION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.1-1

2. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1

Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-1
3. Read Information sheet 1.1-2 on

4. Answer Self-Check 1.1-2 If you have some problem on

Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-2 the content of the
information sheet don’t
5. Read Information Sheet1.1-3
hesitate to approach your
facilitator. If you feel that you
6. Answer Self-Check 1.1-3
are now knowledgeable on
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-3 the content of the
7. Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 information sheet, you can
now answer self-check
8. Answer Self-Check 1.1-4 provided in the module After
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-4 doing all activities of this LO,
9. Perform Job Sheet 1.1-4 you are ready to proceed to
the next LO on Complete
10. Check your work by comparing to the relevant work-related
documents
performance standard on observation
checklist.
11. Read Information Sheet 1.1-5
Technology Relevant to Enterprise and
the Individual ‘s Work
12. Answer Self-Check 1.1-5
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-5

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 Learning Outcome Summary

LO 3 COMPLETE RELEVANT WORK-RELATED DOCUMENTS

CONTENTS:
a. Basic Mathematical Processes
b. Types of Forms
c. Recording Information

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Ranges of forms relating to conditions of employment are completed

accurately and legibly.
2. Workplace data is recorded on standard workplace forms and
documents.
3. Basic mathematical processes are used routine calculations.
4. Errors in recording information on forms/documents are identified
and rectified.
5. Reporting requirements to superior are completed according to
enterprise guidelines.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 Writing materials (pen & paper)
 Reference (books)
 Manuals

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

 Written Test Practical/Performance Test Interview

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome # 3 COMPLETE RELEVANT WORK-RELATED DOCUMENTS
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.3-1 on Basic If you have some problem on
Mathematical Processes the content of the
2. Answer Self-Check 1.3-1 information sheet don’t
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.3-1 hesitate to approach your
3. Read Information sheet 1.3-2 on Types of facilitator. If you feel that you
Form are now knowledgeable on
4. Answer Self-Check 1.3-2 the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.3-2 information sheet, you can
5. Read Information Sheet1.3-3 on Record now answer self-check
Information provided in the module After
6. Answer Self-Check 1.3-3 doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.3-3
the next LO on Identify the
efficiency and effectiveness of
resource utilization

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.3-1
BASIC MATHEMATICAL PROCESSES

Learning Objectives:

After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be able to:

1. Define what mathematics is.

2. Identify the different arithmetic operations.
3. Perform basic mathematical problems.

MATHEMATICS
It is the systematic study of magnitude, quantities, and their
relationships as expressed symbolically in the form of numerals and
forms. Comparison of mathematics in the workplace with mathematics in
the classroom reveals a disjuncture that is disconcerting to anyone who
believes that a primary purpose of school is to prepare students for work.
School mathematics lives in decontextualized ether, employing data that
are without blemish and language that is devoid of ambiguity. In contrast,
real problems are embedded in concrete tasks, use data that are often ill-
defined or inaccurate, and rely on language that is often imprecise and
misleading. In the world of work, mathematics is collaborative rather than
individualistic; accuracy is defined by the situation rather than given by
the textbook; and mathematical processes are used rather than studied.
The new challenge is to seek common ground among these very different
traditions of mathematics for and from the workplace and of
mathematics as preparation for further study. One resolution of the
dilemma of tracking would be a common mathematics program that
could serve equally well as preparation both for college and for skilled
work. All students could benefit from the broadening effects of such a
high school preparation, yet there are currently few good models of
curricula that serve both agendas. Another approach would be to
develop a new form of vocational and technical education, with status
equal to the academic track, that would simultaneously prepare
students for the world of work and for further study in post-secondary
institutions. U.S. educators who are concerned about vocational
education debate both the desirability and feasibility of such a
"separate but equal" track.

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Arithmetic
- Arithmetic or arithmetic’s (from the Greek word ἀ ριθμός = number) is the
oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost
everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced
science and business calculations. It involves the study of quantity,
especially as the result of combining numbers.

Arithmetic operations
- The basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division. Any set of objects upon which all four
arithmetic operations (except division by zero) can be performed, and
where these four operations obey the usual laws, is called a field.

Addition (+)
- Addition is the basic operation of arithmetic. In its simplest form,
addition combines two numbers, the addends or terms, into a single
number, the sum of the numbers.
1 + 3 = 4
- Adding more than two numbers can be viewed as repeated addition;
this procedure is known as summation and includes ways to add
infinitely many numbers in an infinite series; repeated addition of the
number one is the most basic form of counting.

Subtraction (−)
- Subtraction is the opposite of addition. Subtraction finds the
difference between two numbers, the minuend minus the subtrahend.
If the minuend is larger than the subtrahend, the difference is
positive; if the minuend is smaller than the subtrahend, the
difference is negative; if they are equal, the difference is zero.
17 – 9 = 6
- Subtraction is neither commutative nor associative. For that reason,
it is often helpful to look at subtraction as addition of the minuend
and the opposite of the subtrahend, that is a − b = a + (−b). When
written as a sum, all the properties of addition hold.

Multiplication (× or ·)
- Multiplication is the second basic operation of arithmetic.
Multiplication also combines two numbers into a single number, the
product. The two original numbers are called the multiplier and the
multiplicand, sometimes both simply called factors.
4 × 4 = 16

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 - Multiplication is best viewed as a scaling operation. If the real
numbers are imagined as lying in a line, multiplication by a
number, say x, greater than 1 is the same as stretching
everything away from zero.
- Multiplication is commutative and associative; further it is
distributive over addition and subtraction. The multiplicative identity
is 1, that is, multiplying any number by 1 yield that same number.
Also, the multiplicative inverse is the reciprocal of any number
(except zero; zero is the only number without a multiplicative inverse),
that is, multiplying the reciprocal of any number by the number itself
yields the multiplicative identity.
- The product of a and b is written as a × b or a • b. When a or b are
expressions not written simply with digits, it is also written by simple
juxtaposition: ab. In computer programming languages and software
packages in which one can only use characters normally found on a
keyboard, it is often written with an asterisk: a * b.

Division (÷ or /)
- Division is essentially the opposite of multiplication. Division finds
the quotient of two numbers, the dividend divided by the divisor. Any
dividend divided by zero is undefined. For positive numbers, if the
dividend is larger than the divisor, the quotient is greater than one,
otherwise it is less than one (a similar rule applies for negative
numbers). The quotient multiplied by the divisor always yields the
dividend.
- Division is neither commutative nor associative. As it is helpful to
look at subtraction as addition, it is helpful to look at division as
multiplication of the dividend times the reciprocal of the divisor,
that is a ÷ b = a × 1/b. When written as a product, it obeys all the
properties of multiplication.

Rounding
- When we round decimals to a certain number of decimal places, we
are replacing the figure we have with the one that is closest to it with
that number of decimal places.
An example: Round 1.25687 to 2 decimal places
1. Firstly, look at the decimal place after the one you want to round to (in
our example this would be the third decimal place)
2. If the number in the next decimal place is a 6,7,8 or 9, then you will be
rounding up, so you add 1 to the number in the place you are
interested in and you have rounded. In our example the number in the
third place is a 6 so we round up. We change the 5 in the second place to a
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 6 and our rounded number is 1.26
3. If the number in the place after the one we are interested in is a 0,1,2,3
or 4 we round down, i.e. we just write the number out as it is to the
required number of places.
4. If the number in the place after the one we are interested in is a 5, then
we need to look at what follows it. Cover the number from the beginning to
the place you are interested in, for example, suppose we are rounding
2.47568 to three decimal places we look at just the 568 and we ask is that
closer to 500 or 600. Since it’s closer to 600 we get a rounded number of
2.476
5. If only a 5 follows the place we are interested in then different
disciplines have different conventions for the rounding. You can either
round up or down since 5 is exactly half way between 0 and 10.

Percentages
- Percentages are fractions with a denominator of 100. Often there will
not be 100 things or 100 people out of which to express a fraction or a
percentage. When this is the case, you will need to find an equivalent
fraction out of 100 by multiplying by 100% which is the same as
multiplying by 1.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.3-1

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1.It is the systematic study of magnitude, quantities, and their

relationships as expressed symbolically in the form of numerals and
forms.
a. Arithmetic
b. Mathematics
c. Subtraction
2. It is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics,
used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day
counting to advanced science and business calculations.
a. Arithmetic
b. Mathematics
c. Subtraction
3. Is a fraction with a denominator of 100?
a. Arithmetic
b. Mathematics
c. Percentage
4. It is essentially the opposite of multiplication. It finds the
quotient of two numbers, the dividend divided by the divisor.
a. Addition
b. Division
c. Subtraction
5. It is the second basic operation of arithmetic. It also
combines two numbers into a single number, which is called
the product.
a. Multiplication
b. Division
c. Subtraction

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6. It is the opposite of addition. It finds the difference between two
numbers, the minuend minus the subtrahend.
a. Multiplication
b. Division
c. Subtraction
7. It is the basic operation of arithmetic. It combines two numbers, the
addends or terms, into a single number, the sum of the numbers.
a. Multiplication
b. Addition
c. Subtraction
8. 2,462 is the sum of?

a. 1,021 + 1,441
b. 1,022 + 1,442
c. 1,021 + 1,442
9. Round 19,574 to the nearest ten.

a. 19, 580
b. 19, 570
c. 19, 560
10. Round 29, 574 to the nearest thousand.

a. 29,000
b. 30,000
c. 29,500

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 ANSWER KEY 1.3-1

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. B

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.3-2
TYPES OF FORMS

Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be able to:
1. Determine what a written communication is.
2. Identify the characteristics of workplace information
3. Identify the different types of information kept by
agricultural and horticultural workplaces.

WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
- Companies/ enterprises often require workers to use written forms of
communication. This may involve reading workplace notices and
instruction such as:
signs and labels
notes, messages and memos
rosters and work schedules
safety material and notices
invoices and dockets
with customer
information
tables and simple graphs.

Memorandum

Employees may also be required to write down information, messages and

material and tool requirements. They will need to fill out a variety of
workplace forms.
To be effective, written workplace information must be:
1. Clear – the handwriting must be legible and the information written
in a manner that will not be confusing.
2. Concise – the message should be written in simple language using
short sentences or point form. Unnecessary information and
repetition should be avoided.
3. Correct – accuracy is very important when writing down
information. If taking a phone message, read the details back to the
caller, especially names, addresses and phone numbers. Use correct
terminology where appropriate.

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 4. Courteous – as with verbal communication, the style of the
language chosen should be appropriate to the situation and the
reader.

Workplace information
- Primary industry businesses regularly collect record and report
workplace information. This is done to fulfill production, business and
legal requirements.

Mind map of workplace information

There are different types of information kept by agricultural and

horticultural workplaces. These include:
 Financial – for example invoices for purchases and sales, profit and
loss statements, taxation records, bank and dividend statements.
 Production – for example records of livestock numbers, growth rates,
births and sales, crops sown and harvested, weed and pest control
management.
 Marketing - for example product sales, promotional and advertising
material.
 Maintenance - for example machinery and vehicle log books and
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 service records, property structure repairs.
 Staff – for example personal and taxation records for employees, time
sheets and salaries, work rosters.
 Legal - for example workers’ compensation, public liability and property
insurance, deeds and titles.

Workers may be required to contribute to the collection, recording and reporting

of a wide range of workplace information. To do this effectively they need to be
able to:

1. Correctly Identify Sources of Information.

- Information can be sourced internally by asking appropriate questions of

employers, supervisors or colleagues. Another way of sourcing
information is to access and read workplace documents. It is important
to know where workplace records are kept and to return them to the
correct place after use.

Most enterprises have a business directory that contains the names,

addresses, phone and fax numbers, email addresses and contact names for a
number of services such as:
suppliers
contractors
the local veterinarian
trade personnel
industry and regulatory bodies
local government.

Training organizations and advisors from the Department of Primary

Industries and Rural Lands Protection Board are often listed on the directory of
business services.
Other external sources of information can be sourced from the media,
internet, CD ROMs and DVD’s, reference material supplied by companies and
the local library.

2. Obtain appropriate information.

Once the source of the information has been found, the correct
information needs to be collected. This will depend on the purpose of the
information, the people who will use the information and the time available
or necessary to obtain it.
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 For example, if a worker is asked to ring around the local produce stores
to compare fertilizer prices, a half-hour conversation catching up on the local
gossip would not be appropriate. Conversely, if the employee responsible for
machinery maintenance was sent to look at a second-hand tractor, there would
be an expectation that sufficient time would be spent to thoroughly assess
the condition of the machine.
Information needs to be sorted so that only relevant data is collected. If
a worker is asked to obtain a three-day weather forecast for the local district,
a detailed analysis of the likelihood of cyclones in Queensland the following
summer, although possibly interesting, would not be appropriate.

3. Record information on standard forms.

A number of forms need to be completed and submitted prior to, at the

commencement of and during employment. These forms may be related to:
employee records and workplace agreements
personnel and staffing details
taxation and superannuation
banking and finance
health and insurance records
Workers Compensation, accidents and incidents.

It is important to read through all forms carefully, as well as any

accompanying instructions, before starting to fill them out. Make sure that
all the information is available and is correct. Check the spelling of names
and addresses and that any numbers have been accurately recorded.
Government forms are often translated into official documents and any
errors will be duplicated on them.
Details that are commonly requested include:
full name and title
home and postal addresses
date of birth and country of citizenship

Other details that may be required could include:

highest level of qualification
tax file number
bank account details
ABN number
Emergency contact names, addresses and phone numbers.

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 phone and fax numbers and email addresses
occupation
Signatures and dates.

Forms should be completed clearly and neatly in the spaces

provided using the type of pen and style of writing indicated in the
instructions. Always check through the answers for accuracy. Any
corrections which are necessary should be made according to the
procedure set out in the instructions.
It is good practice to make a copy of the form for future reference
before presenting or mailing it. If sending the form by mail, ensure that
the postal address is correct, the sender’s address is on the envelope and
the correct postage is affixed. Retain original forms such as Birth
Certificates and only forward photocopies.
Each workplace will have a range of forms, specific to the enterprise that
workers need to complete. There is a legal obligation on employers to keep
some of these records such as safety reports and chemical records.

Forms that are common to most enterprises include:

 safety reports
 dockets, invoices and receipts
 petty cash vouchers
 time sheets
 telephone message forms
 leave forms.

Other enterprise forms might include:

 chemical records
 weather records
 vehicle and machinery log books
 registration, license and insurance forms

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4. Use correct procedures for the storage of information.

Every organization and business have a particular method for storing

information. It is important that all employees who need to access that
information are familiar with the location and the filing systems used.
Records might be stored in the following places:
 filing cabinets
 computer files and databases
 folders on shelves, in drawers or under counters
 pin boards and white boards

Information stored in filing cabinets is usually organized

alphabetically or under different topic headings. Basic computer skills are
required to access computer records. Help should be sought if a particular
piece of information cannot be found. All records should be filed correctly
and returned to the appropriate location after use.
Many workplaces also store information which is confidential. Anyone
with access to these records should only use them when necessary and only
allow distribution of the information to relevant personnel.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.3-2
Identification: Identify the answers of the statements given below.

1. It contains the names, addresses, phone and fax numbers,

email addresses and contact names for a number of services such as suppliers
and contractors.

2. Product sales, promotional and advertising material are

pieces of information kept by agricultural and horticultural workplaces.

3. A style of the language chosen that should be

appropriate to the situation and the reader.

4. A message should be written in simple language using

short sentences or point form. Unnecessary information and repetition should
be avoided.

5. The handwriting must be legible and the information written in a

manner that will not be confusing.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

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 ANSWER KEY 1.3-2

1. Business Directory
2. Marketing
3. Courteous
4. Concise
5. Clear

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.3-3
RECORDING INFORMATION

Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, the student/ trainee should be able to:
1. Determine the importance of recording information.
2. Identify the technology used in communication systems.
3. Identify the various code of behavior that all participants
should adhere to in meetings.

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

All businesses have a need for effective communication, both between

personnel within the workplace and with individuals and other businesses
outside the workplace. Each workplace will have a communication system
designed to meet its particular needs. Some of these needs include:
 obtaining, recording and reporting information
 enhancing effective training
 providing a safe workplace
 Improving the
efficiency and
effectiveness of
work practices.

Communication System

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 Most workplaces have procedures and protocols in place for the use of
each type of technology. Workers should familiarize themselves with the
system features and control functions and operate each device according to
the manufacturer’s instructions. If not sure of the operating procedure for
a particular communication device, a worker should ask for assistance.

Designated channels and call signs should be used with two-way

radios. Conversations should be limited to relaying necessary information.
Batteries should be recharged on a regular basis and the radios kept in good
working order. They may be a vital means of communication in an
emergency.

Enterprise procedures and protocols should also be followed when

using systems that rely on written communication such as faxes and
emails. Many businesses have a standard cover sheet that is attached to
the front of outgoing faxes. Incoming faxes should be given to the
appropriate person or placed in designated in-trays or pigeon holes.

Conducting Meeting
Most workplaces have procedures and protocols in place for the use
of each type of technology. Workers should familiarize themselves with the
system features and control functions and operate each device according to
the manufacturer’s instructions. If not sure of the operating procedure for
a particular communication device, a worker should ask for assistance.
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 Designated channels and call signs should be used with two-way
radios. Conversations should be limited to relaying necessary information.
Batteries should be recharged on a regular basis and the radios kept in
good working order. They may be a vital means of communication in an
emergency.

Enterprise procedures and protocols should also be followed when

using systems that rely on written communication such as faxes and
emails. Many businesses have a standard cover sheet that is attached to
the front of outgoing faxes. Incoming faxes should be given to the
appropriate person or placed in designated in-trays or pigeon holes.

Workplace meetings
- The efficient operation of all workplace relies on the effective sharing of
information. This exchange of information may be needed to:

explain changes happening in the workplace

discuss and solve problems and make decisions
update Occupational, Health and Safety
(OH&S) and other procedures
determine workplace targets
schedule and allocate tasks
provide feedback and evaluation

Information can be shared in a number of ways. Written information

might be distributed via the intranet, email or in newsletters, memos and
notices. Formal meetings, informal discussions and work team briefings are
commonly used to share information in a face-to-face setting. Meetings
might be convened for a specific purpose, such as OH&S or union meetings,
or they may be more general in their purpose. All meetings must be
structured to achieve their purpose and conclude in a reasonable time
frame. An agenda may be used to outline the purpose of a meeting and
the important points that need to be raised and discussed.

Formal meetings use an agenda which generally includes the following items:
 opening, welcome, and names recorded of those present
and names of apologies received
 dated minutes and business arising from the previous
meeting, including the acceptance of these minutes
 correspondence, both in and out, with business arising
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 reports from the finance and other subcommittees
 general and other business
 date, time and place of the next meeting and the close of
the current meeting.

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Minutes are detailed notes taken during a meeting of everything that has
been said and agreed upon. In some meetings a vote may be taken on
important issues, either by a show of hands or a secret ballot. The minutes
should record the outcomes of voting and any decisions made.

Informal meetings, discussions and briefings are less rigid in their structure.
However, it is still important to provide opportunities for discussion and take
notes of decisions. Whatever the style of the meeting there is a protocol or
code of behavior that all participants should adhere to:
1. Attend the meeting on time.
2. Listen effectively.
3. Don’t interrupt other speakers.
4. Contribute to the meeting by expressing opinions in an
appropriate manner.
5. Behave courteously towards other participants in the meeting.
6. Don’t discuss issues that are outside the purpose of the meeting.
7. Ask questions to clarify misunderstandings.
8. Take notes where appropriate of decisions agreed to in the
meeting and retain these for future reference.
9. Act on the instructions or decisions of the meeting within the
agreed time.
10. Keep sensitive issues raised at the meeting confidential.

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Communication systems use technology such as:

 telephones, including landlines, mobile and satellite

phones
 answering machines
 facsimile (fax) machines
 computers with email and internet access
 two-way radios
 Paging systems.

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 SELF CHECK 1.3-3

Test 1. Matching type: Match the choices of column A to the choices in

column B.

A B

1. computers with email a) code of behavior in workplace

and internet access meetings

2. Improving the efficiency and b) items used in Formal meetings

effectiveness of work practices.
c) efficient operation of all
3. discuss and solve problems workplaces
and make decisions
d) Need that a communication
4. date, time and place of the system designed must
next meeting and the close of meet
the current meeting.
e) Technology used in
5. Act on the instructions or communication systems
decisions of the meeting
within the agreed time.

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 ANSWER KEY 1.3-3

1. E
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A

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 Learning Outcome
LO4: IDENTIFY THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF RESOURCE
UTILIZATION

CONTENTS:
a. Importance of Environmental Literacy
b. Environmental Work Procedures for Efficient and Effective Resource
Utilization

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Required resource utilization in the workplace is measured using

appropriate techniques.
2. Data are recorded in accordance with work place protocol
3. Recorded data are compared to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of
resource utilization according to established environmental work
procedures.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 Writing materials (pen &paper)
 Reference(books)
 Manuals

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Written Examination

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome # 4 IDENTIFY THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF
RESOURCE UTILIZATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.4-1 on If you have some problem on
Importance of Environmental Literacy the content of the
2. Answer Self-Check 1.4-1 information sheet don’t
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.4-1 hesitate to approach your
3. Read Information sheet 1.4-2 on facilitator. If you feel that you
Environmental Work Procedures are now knowledgeable on
4. Answer Self-Check 1.4-2 the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.4-2 information sheet, you can
now answer self-check
provided in the module After
doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
the next LO on Complete
relevant work-related
documents

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.4-1

IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:

1. Enumerate the different characteristics of an environmental literate

person.
2. Recognize the importance of environmental literacy.

On basic terms, environmental literacy is the measure of a person’s knowledge

regarding the relationship of humans and their environment, this includes
discussion in many environmental issues and its solutions. An environmental
literate individual makes well-thought decisions about the environment and is
willing to do some actions concerning both the society and the global
environment.

So, why is environmental literacy important?

Thinking Green

First, technological advancements coupled with industrialization has already

created a large impact on the environment. Some negative effects of
industrialization are: pollution, contribution to global warming, and depletion
of our natural resources that created ecological imbalances nowadays.
Secondly, green innovations and researches starts from being an
environmental literate person. Without knowing the problem and the concepts
behind it, one cannot think of a solution.
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Generally, green technology aims the usage of reusable natural resources for
energy production. The main goal is to develop new green ways of the existing
processes. With that, the negative effect of technology will be lessened and the
development of technology will follow the path of sustaining the nature.
Thirdly, sustainable development includes educating the next generation about
environmental preservation. The challenge is preparing the youth to be active
participants in addressing present and future environmental issues. A way to
do that is to present environmental stewardship as fun, exciting and accessible.
Stimulating, entertaining activities like games, competitions, and workshops
bring complex concepts like sustainability and resource conversation down to a
level that kids can relate to, empowering them to take action, and inspiring
them to teach others to do the same.
Generally, through environmental literacy, an individual will be aware of the
problems, be innovative enough to know and create the solution, and lastly, be
knowledgeable enough to share it to the next generation.

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

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 SELF-CHECK 1.4-1

Enumeration: List down the items being asked.

1-3. What are the importance of environmental literacy?

4-5. What are the different characteristics of an environmental literate?

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

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 ANSWER KEY 1.4-1

1. To increase awareness regarding the negative impact of human

technological endeavors on the environment.

2. To create green innovations and researches.

3. To be able to reach a sustainable development through educating the future

generations.

4. Makes well-thought decision about the environment

5. Willing to do some actions concerning both the society and the global environment

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.4-2
ENVIRONMENTAL WORK PROCEDURES

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:

1. Recognize the different environmental work procedures.
2. Identify the correct procedure for waste management and energy
saving
3. Measure required resource utilization in the workplace
using appropriate techniques

Environmental and resource efficiency issues revolve around an organization’s

efforts to maximize its performance while minimizing its waste and
environmental impact. Improving environmental performance may be done as
part of good business practice (since it often reduces costs), from a desire to
improve the environment or to improve relations with employees, customers,
local communities and the general public.

I. Record and file document -

How often you collect resource usage data will depend on the type of
document you use to record your information. Generally, if you are
collecting data regularly, it is most useful to record that data in a
database format, whether in a spreadsheet or a database .

Database example for electricity, water and paper usage

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How you structure your table will depend on how you wish to present your
data. For future analysis, it is helpful to keep one master table that
summarizes the key information and then select different fields to create any
graphs or diagrams. If data is stored in several places, it’s much harder to
analyze results.
Documents are filed so that they can be easily accessed at a future date,
whether for further business use or for legal compliance requirements. Filing
can be done either electronically or in hard copy. Files are increasingly being
stored electronically, as this is much simpler for organizations to manage and it
is easier to control access.

I. Procedures for Resource Efficiency and Effectiveness

General guidelines for sustainable environmental work practices
All employees can help protect the environment by following the guidelines
below:

R educe, Reuse,
Recycle Campaign

Reduce
• Use goods which stop waste being generated.
• Reduce waste by choosing products that have minimal packaging
and can be used productively and then recycled.

Re-use
• Re-use containers, packaging or waste products, wherever
possible.
Recycle
• Recycle waste material into useable products, wherever possible.
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 Proper Waste Management for wastes that can’t be avoided, reused or
recycled

For waste that can't be avoided, reused or recycled

• Treat the waste to make it less harmful or reduce the volume of the
harmful component.
• Dispose of the waste safely.

Strategies to be implemented by the Manager and Supervisors

• Consider sustainability issues when making planning and
managing decisions.
• Promote and encourage environmental awareness to ensure
employees are aware of their environmental responsibilities.
• Aim to continually improve environmental performance by
identifying and addressing environmental risk.
• Make resources available to implement environmental risk
management procedures.

Employees’ responsibilities
• Identify and manage environmental risks associated with work
activities to minimize their impact on the environment.
• Use the Employee Feedback Form to put forward suggestions.

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Managing safety risks
Employees
• Be aware of workplace health and safety policies and
ensure procedures are followed.
• Notify the Workplace Health and Safety Officer of specific
risks or hazards by completing an Employee Feedback
Form.

Environmental purchasing guidelines

 Become informed about the environmental Impacts of products

purchased. Search for environmentally- products
• Choose products with less packaging.
• Choose products with recyclable or reusable packaging.
• Re-use plastic bags and all types of containers if possible.
• Buy quality goods that will last.
• Buy recycled goods which have already saved resources and
raw materials, and help reduce the overall quantity of
waste.

Paper wastage
• Buy and use recycled paper where possible.
• Make double-sided copies when printing and photocopying,
wherever possible.
• Use the blank side of used paper for not paper before recycling.
• Re-use envelopes for internal mail.
Disposal of waste
• Place the following in recycle bins, depending on recycling
facilities available in your community.
a. paper
b. aluminum
c. glass
d. steel
• Follow the guidelines for the disposal of these materials to
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 minimize the impact
on the environment.

Energy saving strategies in the workplace

Energy
• Use these strategies to minimize energy wastage:
a. Maintain air-conditioning at a constant temperature of23-
24ºC.
b. Close blinds or curtains to minimize heat build-up.
c. Maintain only security lighting after business hours.
d. Switch off equipment overnight wherever possible.
e. Repair malfunctioning utilities (e.g. leaking taps) as
soon as possible.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.4-2
Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer on the sheet provided.

1. You are assigned to handle the purchase of a soap for your office giveaways,
what soap are you going to purchase given that they have the same prices?

a. Soap A-A soap that has a carton packaging.

b. Soap B- A soap that has a carton packaging then covered with a
plastic.
c. Soap C-A soap that has a plastic covering.
d. Buy a percentage of each.

2. Your workshop has a lot of scrap metals from your trainings, what is the
best thing you can do about the scraps?

a. Just leave it to decay at the shop’s disposal area

b. Put it in the compost pit
c. Fabricate usable tools or furniture from the scraps
d. Throw the scraps away

3. What is/are the strategies to minimize energy wastage?

a. Maintain air-conditioning at a constant temperature of23-24ºC.

b. Close blinds or curtains to minimize heat build-up.
c. Repair malfunctioning utilities (e.g. leaking taps) as soon as
possible.
d. All of the above

4. What material can you place on the recycle bin?

a. Leaves
b. Leftover food
c. Glass
d. None of the above

5. What is/are the ways of minimizing paper wastage?

a. Dispose the scratch papers

b. Make double-sided copies when printing and photocopying,
wherever possible.
c. Do not use papers anymore
d. All of the abo

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 ANSWER KEY 1.4-2

1. a
2. c
3. d
4. c
5. b

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 LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

LO 5: Determine Causes of Inefficiency And/or Ineffectiveness of Resource

Utilization

CONTENTS:
a. Environmental Protection and Resource Efficiency Targets
b. Causes of Environmental Inefficiencies and Ineffectiveness

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Potential causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are listed.
2. Causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are identified through
deductive reasoning.
3. Identified causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are validated thru
established environmental procedures.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 Writing materials (pen &paper)
 Reference(books)
 Manuals

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Written Examination

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome # 5 DETERMINE CAUSES OF INEFFECTIVENESS OR

RESOURCE UTILIZATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.5-1on If you have some problem on
Environmental Protection and Resource the content of the
Efficiency information sheet don’t
2. Answer Self-Check 1.5-1
hesitate to approach your
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.5-1 facilitator. If you feel that you
1. Read Information sheet 1.5-2 on Causes of are now knowledgeable on
Environmental Inefficiencies and the content of the
Ineffectiveness information sheet, you can
2. Answer Self-Check 1.5-2 now answer self-check
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.5-2 provided in the module After
doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
the next LO on Convey
efficient and effective
environmental practices to
address climate change

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.5-1
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RESOURCE EFFICIENCY

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the different laws that involves environmental protection.
2. Define Resource Efficiency.
3. Enumerate the focus of resource efficiency.

Environmental Protection Laws

There are five major laws in the country that tackles environmental protection.
The following laws are:

1. REPUBLIC ACT 9003 ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTACT OF 2000.

The law aims to adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste
management program that shall ensure the protection of public health and
environment. The law ensures proper segregation, collection, storage,
treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and
adaptation of best eco-waste products.

Solid Waste Management

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2. REPUBLICACT9275PHILIPPINECLEANWATERACTOF2004.The law aims to
protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources
(industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and
community/household activities).It provides for comprehensive and
integrated strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through hamult-
sectoral and participatory approach involving all the stakeholders.

Water Pollutant being thrown in a body of water

3. REPUBLICACT8749PHILIPPINECLEANAIRACTOF1999.Thelaw aims to
achieve and maintain clean air that meets the National Air Quality guideline
values for criteria pollutants, throughout the Philippines, while minimizing
the possible associated impacts to the economy.

Air Pollutant in the city

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4. REPUBLIC ACT 6969 TOXIC SUBSTANCES, HAZARDOUS AND
NUCLEARWASTECONTROLACTOF1990.The law aims to regulate restrict or
prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and
disposal of chemical substances and mixtures the present unreasonable risk
to human health. It likewise prohibits the entry, even in transit, of hazardous
and nuclear wastes and their disposal in to the Philippine territorial limits for
whatever purpose; and to provide advancement and facilitate research and
studies on toxic chemicals.

Toxic and hazardous substances

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1586 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS)

STATEMENT OF 1978. Is the enactment of Presidential Decree no. 1586 to
facilitate the attainment and maintenance of rational and orderly balance
between socio-economic development and environmental protection. EIA is a
planning and management tool that will help government, decision makers, the
proponents and the affected community address the negative consequences or
risks on the environment. The process assures implementation of environment-
friendly projects.

Sustainable City development

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Resource Efficiency
It must be known that most of the resources we use are unsustainable.
However, some of it are necessity in most human activities, hence, we continue
to milk it way from the planet. This triggered critical scarcities, climate spread
and environmental degradation- all of which has a negative impact on the well-
being of both the planet and its people. To make matters worse, more than 10%
of the population still lives under extreme poverty wherein their basic needs are
not met.
Responding to this challenge, UN Environment has strived hard to decouple
economic development from resource use and environmental degradation, while
reaping the benefits of this transition to ensure inclusiveness and poverty
eradication.

Resource efficiency focuses on the following areas:

a. Engaging with governments in their transition to inclusive green

economies;
b. Fostering partnerships with business and industry for cleaner
production and green investments;
c. Influencing consumer information and choice for sustainable lifestyles;
and
d. Strengthening and communicating the knowledge and scientific base
for resource efficiency and sustainable consumption and production.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.5-1

Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer on the sheet provided.

1. Which of the following is a law that facilitate the attainment and

maintenance of rational and orderly balance between socio-economic
development and environmental protection?
a. Republic Act 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act Of 2004.
b. Presidential Decree 1586 Environmental Impact Statement Of 1978
c. Republic Act 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act Of 2000
d. RepublicAct8749PhilippineCleanAirActOf1999

2. The law aims to achieve and maintain clean air that meets the National Air
Quality guideline.
a. Republic Act 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act Of2004.
b. Presidential Decree 1586 Environmental Impact Statement Of 1978
c. Republic Act 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act Of 2000
d. RepublicAct8749PhilippineCleanAirActOf1999

3. Resource efficiency focuses on the following except:

a. Engaging with governments in their transition to inclusive green
economies
b. Influencing consumer information and choice for sustainable lifestyles
c. Fostering partnerships with business and industry for cleaner
production and green investments
d. Settingupindustrialplantstoreplaceagriculturalareasfordevelopment.

4. For a long time, human kept on getting resources from the planet without
considering its sustainability, what is/are the consequences of this
action?
a. Scarcity
b. Global Warming
c. Environmental degradation
d. All of the above

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5. Law that aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from
land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments,
agriculture and community/household activities)
a. Republic Act 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act Of2004.
b. Presidential Decree 1586 Environmental Impact Statement Of 1978

c. Republic Act 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act Of2000

d. RepublicAct8749PhilippineCleanAirActOf

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 ANSWER KEY 1.5-1

1.b
2.d
3.d
4.d
5.a

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.5-2

CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL INEFFICIENCIES AND NEFFECTIVENESS

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the indirect drivers of resource inefficienciesand
ineffectiveness.
2. Identify the intermediate drivers of resource
inefficiencies and ineffectiveness.
3. Identify the direct intermediate drivers of resource
inefficiencies and ineffectiveness.

Conceptualization of indirect, intermediate and direct drivers for

improving resource efficiency

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In most journals regarding resource efficiency, population growth and rising
income are identified as two of the main root causes of the existing
unsustainable patterns or resource use. Most of the time, the resources used
are energy, materials, water and land. However, the rising income and
population growth are only indirect drivers-there are factors that has more
influence on resource in efficiency.
Under intermediate factors are the consumption and production patterns that
is directly related to the increase of the middle socio-economic class
consumers. This only signifies that the life style and habits of people nowadays
are in need of high resource use. This was observed in relation to areas such
as, high meat and dairy dietary choices, choice of individual transport as
compared to mass. transportation, and the preferences of having a larger space
for living. In a nutshell, people who have more economic benefits also has a
larger resource consumption.
The direct factors as seen on Figure 1, could actually contribute positively in
the resource efficiency. For instance, knowledge and information could be used
by researchers to control and find another ways of recycling and/or reducing
usage of resources. Another example is the government management which can
establish laws to control resource spending. However, it could have a negative
effect if laws are flawed and/or not followed

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 SELF-CHECK 1.5-2

Identification: Identify if the given item is a direct, intermediate or indirect

factor affecting resource inefficiency.

1. Economic benefits

2. Rising income

3. Government laws

4. Environmental awareness

5. Production patterns

6. Trainings

7. Knowledge and information regarding the environment

8. Population growth

9. Consumption

10. Choosing individual transportation as compared to mass

transport.

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 ANSWER KEY 1.5-2

1. Intermediate
2. Indirect
3. Direct
4. Direct
5. Intermediate
6. Direct
7. Direct
8. Indirect
9. Intermediate
10. Intermediate

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

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LO6: CONVEY EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES TO
ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE

CONTENTS:
a. Environmental Corrective Actions
b. Practicing Environmental Awareness

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilization are the reported to
appropriate personnel
2. Concerns related resource utilization are discussed with appropriate
personnel.
3. Feedback on information/concerns raised are clarified with
appropriate personnel.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 Writing materials (pen &paper)
 Reference(books)
 Manuals

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Written Examination Demonstration

Learning Experiences

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Learning Outcome #6 CONVEY EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL
PRACTICES TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.6-1 on
Environmental Corrective Actions
If you have some problem on
2. Answer Self-Check 1.6-1
the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.6-1 information sheet don’t
3. Perform Job Sheet 1.6-1 hesitate to approach your
Check your work by comparing to the facilitator. If you feel that you
performance standard on observation are now knowledgeable on
checklist. the content of the
information sheet, you can
4. Read Information Sheet1.6-2 on Practicing now answer self-check
Environmental Awareness provided in the module After
5. Answer Self-Check 1.6-2 doing all activities of this LO,
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.6-2 you are ready to proceed to
6. Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 Medium of the next LO on Green TVET
Communication in the Workplace

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.7-1

ENVIRONMENTAL CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Make a simple corrective action
Corrective action is an aspect of
quality management that aims to
rectify a task, process, product, or
even a person’s behavior when any of
these factors produce errors or have
deviated from an intended plan.
Corrective actions can be thought of
as improvements to an organization to
eliminate undesirable effects.

Steps in making a corrective action

Steps in making a corrective action

Step 1: Clearly State the Problem or Weakness, Including the Root Cause.

- Define the problem.

- What is happening?
- What should be happening?
- How can it be fixed?

Step 2: List the Individuals Who Will Be Accountable for the Results of The
Corrective Action

- If applicable, how will they be trained to carry out their expected

duties?
- To whom are issues reported?

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Step 3: Create Simple, Measurable Solutions That Address the Root Cause

- What are the regulatory requirements?

- What are the available resources allocated for the study?

Step 4: Assign each task

- Should there be a segregation of duties?

- Should one person be solely accountable?
- Should two people share the responsibility?

Step 5: Set Achievable Deadlines

Step 6: Monitor The Progress of Your Plan.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.6-1

Essay. Read and answer the questions below. Write your answers concisely.

1. What is a corrective action? How does a corrective action help the

workplace?

2. Whatarethe6stepsindevelopingacorrectiveaction?

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 ANSWER KEY 1.6-1

1. What is a corrective action? How does a corrective action help the

workplace?

Corrective action is an aspect of quality management that aim store citify task,
process, product, or even a person’s behavior when any of these factors produce
errors or have deviated from an intended plan. Corrective actions can be thought of
as improvements to an organization to eliminate undesirable effects.

2. Whatarethe6stepsindevelopingacorrectiveaction?

Step 1: Clearly State The Problem Or Weakness, Including The Root Cause. Step 2:
List the Individuals Who Will Be Accountable For the Results Of The Corrective
Action

Step 3: Create Simple, Measurable Solutions That Address the Root Cause Step 4:
Assign each task

Step 5: Set Achievable Deadlines

Step 6: Monitor The Progress Of Your Plan.

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 JOB SHEET 1.6-1

Title: Develop a basic environmental corrective action

Performance Objective: Given the necessary supplies, materials and

assigned area you should be able to observe and
list at least 5 environmental problems and
suggest some corrective actions within 30
minutes.

Supplies and Materials:

CBLM
Ball pens

Bond papers

Steps/Procedures:

1. Each student will be assigned an area and given 30 minutes to go

around, look for and list some environmental nonconformities
present. He/she may conduct interview with people around the area.
The short activity should be well documented with evidence.

2. Fill the table below.

3. Submit the form to the trainer for the evaluation

Assessment Method: Demonstration

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST

JOB SHEET 1.6-1

Trainee’s Name: _______________________________________Date: ____________________

CRITERIA YES NO

The trainee has:

The non-conformity has physical evidences such as

photos.

Stated the root cause is correctly.

Doable and possible corrective actions.

Named correctly the person in-charge.

The corrective action is doable at the allotted time

frame.

Comments/ Suggestions:

Trainer: _________________________________________________ Date: ____________________

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.6-2
PRACTICING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Define environmentalism and environmental awareness.
2. Enumerate ways on how to promote environmental awareness.

Environmental awareness is to understand that the

world is fragile and is in need of protection. To fully
define environmental awareness, one must first
know environmentalism. It is an ideology that
evokes the necessity and responsibility of humans
to respect, protect, and preserve the natural world
from its anthropogenic (caused by humans)
afflictions. Environmental awareness is an integral
part of the movement’s success. By teaching our
friends and family that the physical environment is
fragile and indispensable we can begin fixing the
problems that threaten it.

How to promote environmental awareness?

1. Make it a top priority in your community. Launch some seminars
and talks regarding environmental sustenance and protection. Also,
programs such a planting can also help raise awareness for all ages.

2. It should be taught. A side from the teachings of the school,

environmental awareness can also be taught at home.

3. Social Media. It is undeniably that most people nowadays have

access to social media like Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. It is
easy to promote awareness in this site and advertise some
environmental programs that you may have been planning.

4. Doing it at your own home. Practice basic recycling, reducing and

reusing at home so children may already have some ideas regarding
environmental protection.

5. Always be a walking example. The best way to promote

environmental awareness is to be a living example of what is an
environmental literate person is.

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 SELF- CHECK 1.6-2

Explanation: Answer the question concisely.

1. What is environmental awareness?

2. What are the ways to promote environmental awareness?

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 ANSWER KEY 1.6-2

1. Environmental awareness is to understand that the world is fragile

and is in need of protection. It a part of environmental is where
there is an exchange in information and knowledge.

2. Make it a top priority in your community. It should be taught.

Social Media. Doing it at your own home. Always be a walking example.

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome # 7 GREEN TVET
Learning Activities Special Instructions
7. Read Information sheet 1.1-1 Effective
verbal and non-verbal communication
8. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-1
9. Read Information sheet 1.1-2 on Different
modes of Communication a nd Lines
of Communication
10. Answer Self-Check 1.1-2 If you have some problem on
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-2 the content of the
11. Read Information Sheet1.1-3 on Different information sheet don’t
mode of Communication and lines of hesitate to approach your
Communication facilitator. If you feel that you
12. Answer Self-Check 1.1-3 are now knowledgeable on
the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-3
information sheet, you can
13. Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 Medium of
now answer self-check
Communication in the Workplace
provided in the module After
14. Answer Self-Check 1.1-4 doing all activities of this LO,
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-4 you are ready to proceed to
15. Perform Job Sheet 1.1-4 the next LO on Complete
relevant work-related
16. Check your work by comparing to the documents
performance standard on observation
checklist.
17. Read Information Sheet 1.1-5
Technology Relevant to Enterprise and
the Individual ‘s Work
18. Answer Self-Check 1.1-5
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.1-5

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 Learning Outcome Summary

LO8: IMPLEMENT COST-EFFECTIVE OPERATION

CONTENTS:

a. Optimization of workplace resources

b. Case studies on preservation, optimization, and judicious use of
workplace resources.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Judicious use of workplace tools, equipment and materials are

observed according to manual and work requirements.

2. Constructive contributions to office operations are made according to

enterprise requirements.

3. Ability to work within one’s allotted time and finances is sustained.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 Writing materials (pen & paper)

 Reference (books)
 Manuals

ASSESSMENT METHODS

Written Examination Demonstration

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome # 8 IMPLEMENT COST-EFFECTIVE OPERATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.8-1 on If you have some problem on
OPTIMIZATION OF WORKPLACE the content of the
RESOURCES information sheet don’t
2. Answer Self-Check 1.8-1
hesitate to approach your
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.8-1 facilitator. If you feel that you
3. Read Information sheet 1.8-2 on Case are now knowledgeable on
Studies on preservation, optimization the content of the
and judicious use of workplace information sheet, you can
resources now answer self-check
4. Answer Self-Check 1.8-2 provided in the module After
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.8-2 doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
the next LO on Gather data/
information

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.8-1

OPTIMIZATION OF WORKPLACE RESOURCES

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:

1. Identify different techniques in optimizing workplace resources

2. Apply different techniques in optimizing workplace resources

Workforce optimization (WFO) is a series of business strategies that focuses

on improving employee efficiency. Companies implement these strategies by
monitoring a specific position’s activity and then assigning the appropriate
number of employees to meet the forecasted activity. When companies look to
improve workforce optimization, there are many strategies to consider. Among
the most effective strategies are:

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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Needed to take action regarding underperforming staffing suppliers. The
metrics gained from WFO solutions also help companies establish thresholds
for candidates’ skill sets. Gaining visibility into the performance of your
workforce will help your company reduce operational friction and meet or even
exceed productivity targets.

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Other benefits include:

Improved customer service

Increased visibility
Increased customer retention
Reduced compliance risks
Increased employee productivity and efficiency
More cost-effective operations

Companies that employ workforce optimization best practices, strategies, and

solutions find that they reduce operating expenses, save time and money with
automated processes, improve communication, gain actionable insights, and
increase productivity and performance.

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 Self-Check 1.8-1

Explanation. Read and briefly answer each question

1. As an entrepreneur, how will you optimize your workplace

resources?

2. What are the benefits of optimizing the workplace processes and procedures?

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 ANSWER KEY 1.8-1

Explanation. Read and briefly answer each question.

1. As an entrepreneur, how will you optimize your workplace resources?
A. Implement time and attendance software
B. Monitor performance analytics
C. Improve communications between managers and employees
D. Employ a software solution that enables them to track
performance across their entire organization including
suppliers, talent, and quality.

2. What are the benefits of optimizing the workplace processes and

procedures?

Improved customer service

Increased visibility
Increased customer retention
Reduced compliance risks
Increased employee productivity and efficiency
More cost-effective operations

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.8-2

CONSERVATION, OPTIMIZATION AND JUDICIOUS USE OF WORKPLACE RESOURCES

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:

1. Identify and define the different entrepreneurial attitudes

2. Identify the different workplace practices

Article 1 – Five steps to resource optimization: Any process can be improved, but
it takes alignment to get it optimized.

1. Optimization consists in achieving desired results within a set timeframe

and budget with minimum usage of the resources themselves. In
accordance to the article written by Becca Goren, Mary Grace Crissey &
Ed Hughes, there are five simple ways on how to improve resource
optimization:
Define the objective to reflect organizational mission and strategy. The
resource optimization model must reflect not only the well-defined,

often narrow, departmental objectives but also the objectives that are most
important to the organization as a whole. There also needs to be an
understanding of how activities will support these objectives, and how success

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 or
failure will be measured.

4. Formulate the resource optimization model. This step is the translation of

your conceptual model into an analytic model with more rigor and detail,
represented in mathematical terms. In this step you begin to formally code the
key elements of the optimization model – objective, constraints and decision
variables (see Figure 1). There is no single “right” way to use mathematical
expressions to represent the elements of a decision problem. Every formulation
represents a compromise because no mathematical representation can reflect
every detail of a real-world scenario. Good modeling balances realism and
workability.

5. Implement and update the model. Using analytical software such as

SAS, build and implement the model. Its output can provide
recommendations as to the best values of the decision variables to support
the objective, given the constraints and data available.

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  Costs should be estimated from society's perspective. The effects of an
intervention on all costs should be considered, not only the direct cost of
the intervention, but its effect on healthcare expenditures, and costs
incurred by patients.
 Costs and benefits should be discounted at a 3% annual rate, to reflect
the lower economic value of an expense that is delayed and the higher
value of a benefit that is realized sooner.
 When the effect of the intervention on costs and benefits is not fully
realized during the study period, modeling should be used to estimate the
costs and benefits over the patient's lifetime.
 The task force also described methods of estimating the statistical
significance of cost-effectiveness findings. Note that when cost-
effectiveness is a primary study hypothesis, variance in costs and
outcomes, and their covariance will affect the sample size.
Cost-effectiveness analysis is not uniformly applied in the healthcare system.
Decision makers often adopt new treatments without knowing if they are cost-
effective. Even when cost-effectiveness has been studied, decision makers may
not be able to interpret the data, or they may not agree with the results.
Despite this limitation, cost-effectiveness is increasingly used to inform
healthcare decision makers.

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 SELF CHECK 1.8-2

Explanation: Read and briefly answer each question

1. What is opination?
2. How did the health care system make their processes cost- effective

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 ANSWER KEY 1.8-2

1. Making the best out of the given resources while avoiding wastes.

2. Cost-effectiveness analysis is not uniformly applied in the

healthcare system. Decision makers often adopt new treatments
without knowing if they are cost-effective. Even when cost-
effectiveness has been studied, decision makers may not be
able to interpret the data, or they may not agree with the
results. Despite this limitation, cost-effectiveness is increasingly
used to inform healthcare decision makers.

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 Learning Outcome Summary

LO9: GATHER DATA/ INFORMATION

CONTENTS:
a. Data Collection Protocols
b. Data Confidentiality and Accuracy
c. Reviewing data/Information

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Collect evidence, facts and information

2. Review evaluation in terms of reference and conditions to determine whether

data/information falls within the project scope

3. Assess validity of data/information

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 CBLM, internet, laptop
 Mobile Phone

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  e-learning materials, LMS/Web Application
 E-Mail, Messenger, SMS

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written Examination

Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome #9 GATHER DATA/ INFORMATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.9-1 on Data If you have some problem on
Collection protocols the content of the
2. Answer Self-Check 1.9-1 information sheet don’t
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.9-1 hesitate to approach your
3. Read Information sheet 1.9-2 on Data facilitator. If you feel that you
Confidentiality and accuracy are now knowledgeable on
4. Answer Self-Check 1.9-2 the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.9-2 information sheet, you can
5. Read Information Sheet1.9-3 on Reviewing now answer self-check
Data/ Information provided in the module After
6. Answer Self-Check 1.9-3 doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.9-3
the next LO on Assess
gathered data/ information

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 INFORMATIONSHEET 1.9-1

DATA COLLECTION PROTOCOLS

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the characteristics of good information
2. Describe the different methods and protocols in gathering information.
3. Determine the things to be considered in gathering data

Data collection is a methodical process of gathering and analyzing

specificinformationtoproffersolutionstorelevantquestionsandevaluatethe results.
It focuses on finding out all there is to a particular subject matter. Data is
collected to be further subjected to hypothesis testing which seeks to explain a
phenomenon.
The data collection protocol is the procedure for executing the above steps
of the plan to collect and record the data. It deals with management and
administrative issues such as who does what and when. It also includes a plan
for monitoring the data as they are collected to ensure quality.

Characteristics of Useful Information

Completeness. Information should be complete in sense. It should contain all
facts & figures as required by the user. Unless it contains all details, it is
not useful. Complete information enables managers to make better
decisions. Incomplete information may lead to wrong decisions.
Information should be collected from all the sources & provided for
decision
Cost-Effective. It is one of the important features of information. It refers to
the cost involved in the collection of information. The cost of collection
should be within the decided set limit. High-cost information may affect
the budget of an organization efforts.
Accuracy. Information collected should be reliable & correct. It should contain
complete facts & figures. The sources of information collected should be
reliable.
Relevance. Information should be relevant to the problem for which it is
collected. It should be suitable for the problem for which it is

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True information plays an effective role in better decision-making. The quality
of information determines its usefulness. Wrong information may lead to wrong
actions.
collected. It should contain complete detail regarding a particular
issue. Relevant information is beneficial for manager for decision-
making. It helps in better understanding of issues and easy solving

Data Collection Methods

Quantitative Data Collection Methods

1. Closed-ended Surveys and Online Quizzes

Closed-ended surveys and online quizzes are based on questions that

give respondents predefined answer options to opt for. There are two main
types of closed-ended surveys – those based on categorical and those based
on interval/ratio questions.
Categorical survey questions can be further classified into
dichotomous (‘yes/no’), multiple-choice questions, or checkbox questions
and can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no” or a specific piece of
predefined information.
Interval/ratio questions, on the other hand, can consist of rating-
scale, Liker-scale, or matrix questions and involve a set of predefined
values to choose from on a fixed scale. To learn more, we have prepared
a guide on different types of closed-ended survey questions.
Once again, these types of data collection methods are a great choice
when looking to get a simple and easily analyzable counts, such as “85% of
respondents said surveys are an effective mean soft data collection” or“56%
of men and 61% of women have taken a survey this year”(disclaimer: made-
up stats).
Qualitative Data Collection Methods
2. Open-Ended Surveys and Questionnaires
Opposite to closed-ended are open-ended surveys and questionnaires. The
main difference between the two is the fact that closed-ended surveys offer
predefined answer options the respondent must choose from, whereas open-
ended surveys allow the respondents much more freedom and flexibility
when providing their answers.

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 Here’s an example that best illustrates the difference:

Example of Closed and Open-Ended Question

When creating an open-ended survey, keep in mind the length of your

survey and the number and complexity of questions. You need to carefully
determine the optimal number of questions, as answering open-ended
questions can be time-consuming and demanding, and you don’t want to
overwhelm your respondents.
Compared to closed-ended surveys, one of the quantitative data collection
methods, the findings of open-ended surveys are more difficult to compile and
analyze due to the fact that there are no uniform answer options to choose
from.

3. 1-on-1Interviews
One-on-one (or face-to-face) interviews are one of the most common
types of data collection methods in qualitative research. Here, the
interviewer collects data directly from the interviewee. Due to it being a
very personal approach, this data collection technique is perfect when
you need to gather highly-personalized data.
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 Depending on your specific needs, the interview can be informal,
unstructured, conversational, and even spontaneous (as if you were
talking to your friend) – in which case it’s more difficult and time-
consuming to process the obtained data – or it can be semi-structured
and standardized to a certain extent (if you, for example, ask the same
series of open-ended questions).

4. Focus Groups

The focus groups data collection method is essentially an interview

method, but instead of being done 1-on-1, here we have a group
discussion. Whenever the resources for 1-on-1 interviews are limited
(whether in terms of people, money, or time) or you need to recreate a
particular social situation in order to gather data on people’s attitudes
and behaviors, focus groups can come in very handy. Ideally, a focus
group should have 3-10 people, plus a moderator. Of course, depending
on the research goal and what the data obtained is to be used for, there
should be some common denominators for all the members of the focus
group.
For example, if you’re doing a study on the rehabilitation of teenage
female drug users, all the members of your focus group have to be girls
recovering from drug addiction. Other parameters, such as age,
education, employment, marital status does not have to be similar.

5. Direct Observation
Direct observation is one of the most passive qualitative data
collection methods. Here, the data collector takes a participatory stance,
observing the setting in which the subjects of their observation are while
taking down notes, video/audio recordings, photos, and soon. Due to its
participatory nature, direct observation can lead to bias in research, as
the participation may influence the attitudes and opinions of the
researcher, making it challenging for them to remain objective. Plus, the
fact that the researcher is a participant too can affect the naturalness of
the actions and behaviors of subjects who know they’re being observed.
Surveys, as you may have noticed, are particularly effective in collecting
both types of data, depending on whether you structure your survey
questions as open-ended or closed-ended.

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Things to Consider in Collecting Data
1. Think critically about what data you need to collect. It’s all too easy to
collect data about everything you can, but it’s important to only collect the
data that you actually need! Consider these 3 questions:
 What information do you actually need?
 What information is available?
 What information will be useful?
2. Consider the cost of every additional data point. Once you have an idea of
what data you want to collect, be sure to consider the cost of collecting that
data. Every additional data point or survey question adds additional cost for
your surveyors and respondents.
3. Do not forget about identifiers. Identifiers — or information that identifies
the source and context of a survey response — are just as important as the
data on the subject or program you’re actually studying.
Generally, more identifiers will help you pinpoint the successes and failures of
your program more precisely, but don’t go overboard!
4. Be sure to consider how you will get each data point. Lots of data isn’t
readily available. Sometimes the data exists, but you might not have
permission to access it. For example, people’s medical information isn’t
freely accessible unless you have a very good reason. Other kinds of
information may be difficult to measure.
While choosing what data you will collect, be sure to consider how
difficult and quick it will be to collect each piece of information.
5. Consider your options for mobile-based data collection. There are 3 main
types of mobile-based data collection.
 IVRS (interactive voice response technology), which will send your
respondent a phone call, where he/she will be asked pre-recorded
questions.
 SMS data collection will send your respondent a text message, then
he/she can answer text questions on his/her phone.
 Smartphone apps, field surveyors can enter data directly into an
interactive questionnaire as they speak to each respondent.
Each tool has its strengths and weaknesses, so be sure to choose the right one
for your survey and respondents.

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Protocols in Capturing Data
There are plenty of good advice on capturing data. Some of the key points
your group or organization should remember when capturing data are: Legal
issues and privacy
There are legal limits and legislation constraining what sort of data you
can collect, how you can collect it and how you can use it. More information
about the Privacy Act and other privacy legislation.
Re-assure people giving you their information
Some people are understandably wary of disclosing information about
themselves. When collecting data from people you must be able to offer
assurance that you will be using it solely for the purpose of improving your
communication with them.
Treat other people's information with respect
Make sure measures are in place which guarantees the security of your
list. Do not let everyone see the information and definitely do not distribute it or
on-sell it to others (unless you have express permission from the person on the
list to do so).
Only collect the data you need
Collecting too much data is a recipe for confusion. An over-stacked and
complicated database can negatively impact on its overall quality and jeopardize
future direct initiatives.
If you use questionnaires to capture information keep them short and to
the point. Better to get pertinent information than none at all. Few people have
the time or inclination to fill in a questionnaire the size of the national census!
Test the data collection devices before using them
Run your data capture devices, like surveys or questionnaires, past
colleagues before you use them. Make sure they are easy to read and fill out
and that they include opt- out or privacy disclaimers if needed.
Get the details right
Finally, make sure you check and re-check the information you receive in
your data capture to ensure the details are correct. Make sure the spelling of
people's names, their street address, the suburb and its postcode are correct.
Sending a letter to someone with their name spelt wrongly is bad enough, but if
the address is wrong, you've wasted everybody's time.

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 SELF-CHECK 1.9-1

I. Matching Type. Match Column A with the correct answer from Column
B. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
A. Close-ended
1 It may lead to wrong actions.
survey
B. Complete
2 The procedure for executing the above steps of the
plan to collect and record the data. information
C. Cost- Effect vice
3 The cost of collecting the data is within the decided set
limit.
4 It enables managers to make better decisions. D. Data Collection
E. Data Collection
5 Help in quick interpretation and decision-making.
Protocol
F. Focus Group
6 It means that information is suitable for the problem
for which it is collected.
G. Open-ended
7 It is a methodical process of gathering and
survey
analyzing specific information to proffer solutions to
relevant questions.
H. Relevance
8 It is based on questions that give respondents
predefined options.
I. Simplicity and
9 An interview done with a group of respondents.
easiness

10 It allows respondents more freedom and flexibility J. Wrong

when providing their answer. information

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 I. Identification. Identify if the statement/situation implies Data
Gathering Method, write DGM; If it is Data Collection Protocol, write DCP.

11. Asking a group of women to answer some question about an issue.

12. Collecting only the needed data.
13. Distributing questionnaires to sampled individuals.
14. Getting the right details.
15. Identifying legal issues and privacy of the company.
16. Interviewing the respondents.
17. Observing the subjects.
18. Re-assuring people who giving the information.
19. Testing the data collection devices before using.
20. Using Liker Scale in the questionnaire.

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 ANSWER KEY 1.9-1

Test I
1. J
2. E
3. C
4. B
5. I
6. H
7. D
8. A
9. F
10. G

Test II
11. DGM
12. DCP
13. DGM
14. DCP
15. DCP
16. DGM
17. DGM
18. DCP
19. DCP
20. DGM

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.9-2

DATA CONFIDENTIALITY AND ACCURACY

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Define confidentiality and accuracy
2. Identify the different ways to ensure confidentiality of information
3. Identify the importance of data accuracy

Data confidentiality is about protecting data against unintentional,

unlawful, or unauthorized access, disclosure, or theft. On the other hand, data
accuracy cannot be contained in words as it is one of the most important
components of data quality. It alludes to whether the data values saved for a
particular object, product, or service are accurate.

Data Confidentiality
Confidential information is any data within the organization that should
not be spread out externally. Now a days, in the business world, confidential
information such as pricing, marketing plans, customer lists are critical
business assets that could be compromised if the handling fails.

THE FOLLOWING ARE WAYS TO PROTECT THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF

INFORMATION:
1. Insert non-disclosure provisions in employment agreements. It is a best
practice that employees who have access to confidential information sign
an employment contract which contains non- disclosure provisions.
2. Control access. For any information that’s stored digitally it’s incredibly
important that you control access to it by using passwords, firewalls and
encryption.
3. Use confidential waste bin sand shredders. If you need to dispose of sensitive
documents, then be sure to shred them or use a confidential waste bin.
4. Lockable document storage cabinets. To provide an added level of
protection, it’s also a good idea to keep any lockable storage cabinet sin a
locked room that cannot be accessed by everyone.
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5. Secure delivery of confidential documents. If it’s physical documents that
need to be delivered, then it’s a good idea to use a trusted courier service or
ideally have them delivered by someone you trust within your organization.

6. Employee training. When training your employees about protecting

confidential information, it’s a good idea to start first with explaining why
data confidentiality is so important and then provide training about the
practical aspects of data protection. i.e. using secure passwords, destroying
of documents etc.

Data Accuracy
Generally, accuracy means freedom from errors. It also refers to the
closeness of the information from the truth or fact, hence, diligence in verifying
the records is needed. Any data you provide must be accurate, as this is what
gives your business credibility. These data values must be accurate and
provided in an unambiguous and consistent form. When it comes to data
accuracy, there are two most important characteristics: content and form. The
form is especially important, as it’s needed to eliminate any possible
ambiguities about the content. Creating data values requires some discipline
and absolute precision to make sure all data values are accurate.

Importance of Data Accuracy

Getting data management right is the only safe way of adopting the
latest, most advanced technologies, and getting ahead of the competition.
The more businesses use modern technology, the more data they
generate. All that data growth is nothing more than a lucrative opportunity
you can exploit to increase your profitability. Since data is so essential, data
accuracy becomes crucial for your business success. The higher the quality,
the bigger the chance there is to prosper. Here are five great reasons why
high-quality data greatly matters to your business.
1. Data Accuracy Enables Better Decision Making
The highest data quality provides a certain level of confidence to all
who If data quality depend on that data. is high, the users will be able to
produce better outputs.
This increases business efficiency and lowers risk in the outcomes.
With reliable outputs, businesses can improve their entire decision-
making process and easily mitigate any risks along the way.

2.Improved Productivity

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 The importance of data accuracy goes far beyond just decision-
making.
It’s directly related to productivity

Accurate data makes the job of your employees much easier.

Instead of wasting time on finding and fixing data errors, your staff can
shift their focus on more important tasks and goals.

3. Data Accuracy Leads to Lower Cost

Data errors are extremely costly for any business, but the risk is far
greater than just losing money. Aside from exhausting your financial resources,
poor data quality will negatively reflect on your brand credibility, productivity,
and efficiency.
In the worst-case scenario, your brand reputation will be ruined, and
you’ll lose most of your customers. The biggest problem with poor data is that
one mistake causes other mistakes, and it takes a tremendous amount of time
to identify and fix these errors.
Instead of using your freshly gathered data to generate business
strategies, you’ll have to spend that time fixing errors, which is a costly task.
Poor data also results in the inability to cope with the latest marketing
trends, missing great business opportunities. Losing track of such trends gives
your competitors an advantage over you.
4. Improved Marketing
Nothing matters more than data accuracy for your marketing efforts and
that is why the importance of data accuracy cannot be undermined. High-
quality data allows you to market to the right audience, which reduces both
time and cost. Target marketing gives real results and helps you grow your
business, but more importantly, it allows you to keep your customers engaged
with your brand.
5. Aids in Compliance
Following various regulations is of the utmost importance for any
business, as this directly impacts your relationship with customers. Therefore,
maintaining the highest quality data makes a huge difference between paying
extremely expensive fines and compliance. Regulations keep evolving, and your
business needs to evolve with them. The only way to do that is by maintaining
data accuracy.

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 Try to adopt robust data entry standards such as, geo-coding, matching,
data monitoring,

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 SELF CHECK 1.9-2

Explanation: Read the questions carefully and answer concisely.

1. What is confidentiality?

2. What is accuracy?

3. Give 2 ways to ensure data confidentiality.

4. Give 2 importance of data accuracy.

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 ANSWER KEY 1.9-2

1. Confidential information is any data within the organization that

should not be spread out externally.

2. Accuracy means freedom from errors. It also refers to the closeness of

the information from the truth or fact.

3.
 Insert non-disclosure provisions in employment agreements
 Control access
 Use confidential waste bins and shredders
 Lockable document storage cabinets.
 Secure delivery of confidential documents.
 Employee Training
4.
 Data Accuracy Enables Better Decision Making
 Improved Productivity
 Data Accuracy Leads to Lower Cost
 Improved Marketing
 Aids in Compliance

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 INFORMATIONSHEET 1.9-3
REVIEWING DATA/INFORMATION

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the different parameters to be reviewed in a set of data
2. Define the different parameters needed to be considered in the
review of data.
The validity, completeness, consistency, accuracy and verifiability of
any data or information should not be taken for granted on any organization.
The quality of your data establishes the trust of your clients and investors,
also it becomes the basis of some decisions such as programmatic and
financial- with an erratic data, the decision might lead to worse. The data
should be reviewed based on the parameters presented in Table 1 below.

Table 1. Parameters for Data Review

Parameters Potential Problems Assessment Methods

 Invalid statistical tools  Ask for the methodology of data
Validity
 Invalid data collection collection
Validity implies precise and protocols  Ask for the statistical tools used
exact results acquired
from thedata
collected. In technical terms, a measure can
lead to a proper and correct conclusion to
be drawn from the sample that are
generalizable to the entire population.
Basically, validity means that the data mean
what they are supposed to mean

 Sub grantees/sites  Keep a list of data submissions

Completeness
missing from totals  Check source documentation
 Non-approved  Request data at consistent
sampling intervals
The grantee collects enough
 Inconsistent reporting
information
periods
to fully represent an activity, a population,
and/or a sample.

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  No standard  Request written data collection
Consistency
definitions procedures
The extent to which /methodologies  Ask about dissemination and
data are collected using  Lack of knowledge implementation
the about required  Cross-compare definitions and
same procedures and definitions procedures and/or protocols
failure to follow them

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 SELF CHECK 1.9-3

Multiple Choice. Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the
correct answer. Write your answers on the sheets provided.

1. A parameter in data review that concerns with an existing proof that

the data are true for auditing.
a. Accuracy
b. Verifiability
c. Completeness
d. Consistency
2. The extent to which data appear to be free from significant errors.
a. Accuracy
b. Verifiability
c. Completeness
d. Consistency
3. The grantee collects enough information to fully represent an activity,
a population, and/or a sample.
a. Validity
b. Accuracy
c. Consistency
d. Completeness
4. Implies precise and exact results acquired from the data collected.
a. Validity
b. Accuracy
c. Consistency
d. Completeness
5. All items are a potential problem for data accuracy, EXCEPT:
a. Math errors

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 b. Staff Turnover
c. Counting individuals multiple times
d. Reporting the same individuals under different program streams

ANSWER KEY 1.9-3

1. b
2. a
3. d
4. c
5. b

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 Learning Outcome Summary

LO10: ASSESS GATHERED DATA/ INFORMATION

CONTENTS:
a. Basic Business Math
b. Basic Statistics for Data Analysis

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Apply analysis techniques to assess data/information

2. Identify trends and anomalies
3. Document data analysis techniques and procedures
4. Make recommendations on areas of possible improvement

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

 CBLM, internet, laptop
 Mobile Phone
 e-learning materials, LMS/Web Application
 E-Mail, Messenger, SMS

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written Examination

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 Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome #10 ASSESS GATHERED DATA/ INFORMATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information sheet 1.10-1 on Basic If you have some problem on
Business Math the content of the
2. Answer Self-Check 1.10-1 information sheet don’t
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.10-1 hesitate to approach your
3. Read Information sheet 1.10-2 on Basic facilitator. If you feel that you
statistics for data analysis are now knowledgeable on
4. Answer Self-Check 1.10-2 the content of the
Compare answers with Answer Key 1.10-2 information sheet, you can
now answer self-check
provided in the module After
doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to
the next UC on Work in a team
environment

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 INFORMATIONSHEET
1.10-1

BASIC BUSINESS MATH

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the basic concepts in business math.
2. Compute percentage problems
3. Compute simple and compound interests.

Business mathematics are mathematics used by commercial enterprises to

record and manage business operations. Commercial organizations use
mathematics in accounting, inventory management, marketing, sales
forecasting, and financial analysis.

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 SELF CHECK 1.10-1

Problem Solving. Read and solve each problem thoroughly. Show your
solutions and encircle your final answer.

1. The total production cost of an item is Php 287. If it was sold for Php 350,
what percentage of the production cost is the profit for each item?

2. A 2-year loan of Php 5,500 is made with 4% simple interest. Find the interest
earned.

3. A principal of Php 2000 is placed in a savings account at 3% quarterly

compounded. How much is in the account after two years and three years?

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 ANSWER KEY 1.10-1

1. The total production cost of an item is Php 287. If it was sold for Php
350, what percentage of the production cost is the profit for each item?
a. Solve for the profit
Php 350-Php 287 = Php63
b. Solve for the percentage

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.10-2

BASIC STATISTICS FOR DATA ANALYSIS

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST be able to:

1. Identify the different measures of central tendency

2. Calculate the mean, median, mode and percentage
3. Identify the application for each data analysis techniques

Statistical methods are mainly useful to ensure that your data are interpreted correctly.
And that apparent relationship is really “significant” or meaningful and it is not simply
happened by chance. Actually, the statistical analysis helps to find meaning to the
meaningless number.

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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1
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 REFERENCES
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Figures:

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explained/Accessedfromhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/
global-warming/toxic- waste/ on November 10,2019
[11] €10minvestmentforenvironmentalprojectsathomeandabroad.Accessed
from http://www.flanderstoday.eu/eu10m-investment-environmental-
projects-home-and-abroad on November 10,2019

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by: Page |
ILIGAN
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S. 162
Revision # :
Communication Magsayo
 Republic of the Philippines
TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
AUTHORITY
Regional Training Center – Iligan

QUALIFICATION: Date Developed: Document No. 1

ORGANIC AGRICULTURE January 2024
Issued by:
PRODUCTION NC II
TESDA RTC
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Developed by:
ILIGAN Page |1
Participate in Workplace Marry Grace S.
Revision # :
Communication Magsayo