KUWADERNO: SR.

ANGELENEAN REVIEWERS | GRADE 11 | PRELIM EXAMINATIONS

SENIOR HIGHSCHOOL COUNCIL | AUF-IS

AUF HONOR CODE

On my honor as an Angelenean, who lives by the core values of

Mabuti, Magaling at May Malasakit sa Kapwa, I hereby pledge
honesty and integrity in all my academic tasks without receiving or
giving unauthorized assistance, thereby observing scholarly and
intellectual standards, rules on proper citation of sources, and
appropriate collection and use of data. So help me God.

REMINDER

This reviewer was written specifically to guide Angeleneans as they

prepare for the upcoming examinations. We still highly advise
everyone to look up additional resources to help them get
ready better for the exams.

We have faith in your abilities, Angeleneans! Regardless of the

grade you receive, always keep in mind that you are doing a great
job. Keep Fighting!

AUTHOR(S): (OCAMPO, K.B, GATMEN, A.F & QUINTO, K.J), // TEMPLATE BY: SHS Council and BOGNOT, P.N.1
KUWADERNO: SR. ANGELENEAN REVIEWERS | GRADE 11 | PRELIM EXAMINATIONS
SENIOR HIGHSCHOOL COUNCIL | AUF-IS

TOPIC: INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

OUTLINE III. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPETENT

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
I. Culture A. FLEXIBLE
II. Intercultural Communication ● You can adapt the way you work based on the people you
III. Characteristics of competent intercultural work with, ensuring conflicts is minimized and
communication
expectations are well managed.
IV. Intercultural Sensitivity
● Skilled communicators can judge what will be appropriate
and effective in a given context. They can modify their
behaviors accordingly.
I. CULTURE ● This ability is important because what works in one
● The beliefs, customs, arts, etc., of a particular society, situation may not work in another
group, place or time.
● A way of thinking, behaving, or working that exists in a B. REFLECTIVE
place. ● The ability to consider many different explanations and
● Part of the very fabric of our thought. understand a given situation in more than one way.
● We cannot separate ourselves from culture. ● It is a valuable skill because it prevents people from
● Described as “the way of life of the whole society” that is jumping to the wrong conclusions and reacting
passed down from generation to generation. As such, it inappropriately.
includes codes of conduct (such as law, morals, and ● It means being aware or paying attention, such as
beliefs), dress, language, religion, rituals, and art remembering words and remembering distances.
(LaMorte, 2016). ● Critical thinking can be used as a way to focus on our own
● Different cultures have different rules, so communication in thought processes, in diverse contexts as a way to
different environments can be difficult. Furthermore, the become aware of the processes that underlie our attitudes
language used to convey meaning is often shaped by towards others.
cultural norms, ethnic backgrounds, age group, gender,
prior knowledge, perspective, etc. C. OPEN-MINDED
● It is the ability to absorb new ideas.
II. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION ● It concerns the way people approach the views and
● Communication + culture knowledge of others and combines the belief that others
● It happens when individuals interact, negotiate, and create should be free to express opinions and the value of the
meanings while bringing in their varied cultural knowledge of others should be recognized.
backgrounds (Ting-Toomey, 1999).
● It pertains to communication among people from different D. SENSITIVE
nationalities (Gudykunst, 2003). ● You see things through the eyes of others.
● Communication that is influenced by different ethnicities, ● Demonstrating your judgment and ability to find
religions, and sexual orientations. compassionate solutions to their needs.
● It involves the sharing of information across different ● An important skill because people often think and feel
cultures and social groups, including individuals with differently from what they do about the same situation.
different religious, social, ethnic, and educational ● Insensitive people tend to assume that everyone thinks
backgrounds. It seeks to understand the differences in and feels like them, and they run the risk of creating
how people from a variety of cultures act, communicate, problems when this assumption is not true.
and perceive around them (Sinden, 2021).
● It transpires between subgroups of the same country.
E. ADAPTIVE
● There may be differences between dialects in the same
● Adaptability is a skill that refers to a person's ability to
language, the difference in perspective between the
change his/her actions, direction or approach to doing
Kapampangans and the Bisayas, and our geographic
things in order to adapt to a new situation.
linguistic, educational, sociological, and psychological
traits influence our communication.
● An approach to the relationships between members of F. DIVERGENT-THINKER
these groups that focuses on recognizing and respecting ● An advantage in intercultural communication.
cultural differences. ● A thought process or method used to generate innovative
● Aims to develop sensitivity to promote intercultural ideas by exploring multiple possible solutions.
awareness and help individuals and organizations ● The ability to engage in divergent thinking (or creative
empathically understand and competently coordinate thinking) and systems means that you think about how
behavior across cultures. people in a system or organization affect each other.
● Takes place when people draw from their cultural identity
to understand values, prejudice, language, attitudes, and G. POLITE
relationships (Gudykunst & Kim, 2013). ● You appreciate how other cultures communicate and are
● Can become very interesting however, it may also be effective at bridging differences, seeking clarification and
confusing and misleading when communication is creating common ground.
disrupted by cultural collisions. ● You see the values, customs, and practices of others as
● In simple terms, intercultural communication is the sending valuable in themselves, not simply different from the
and receiving of messages across languages and norms.
cultures.
TAKE THE FOLLOWING INTO CONSIDERATION
● Gender

AUTHOR(S): (OCAMPO, K.B, GATMEN, A.F & QUINTO, K.J), // TEMPLATE BY: SHS Council and BOGNOT, P.N.2
KUWADERNO: SR. ANGELENEAN REVIEWERS | GRADE 11 | PRELIM EXAMINATIONS
SENIOR HIGHSCHOOL COUNCIL | AUF-IS

● Age ● Europeans tend to stand more closely with each other

● Social Status while talking.
- Ascribed Social Status - a social status that a ● Arab males tend to sit closer to each other than American
person acquires at birth. It happens involuntarily. (ex. males.
politicians, royal families)
- Achieved Social Status - a social position a person C. WHEN GIVING TIPS
takes on voluntarily that reflects personal ability and ● China has no tipping culture.
effort. These are acquired by doing something (they ● In Japan, they’d feel offended if they were tipped.
worked hard for it.) (ex. ceo, president) ● Tips matter in Africa.
● Religion ● In Australia and New Zealand, staff are paid well, and tips
are not expected (though often appreciated).
TIPS TO REFRAIN FROM SHOWING BIAS ● In France, tipping is not an obligation, as the service
● Avoid stereotypes charge would already be added to the bill.
- i.e., generalizations about a certain group ● You’re not obliged to leave a tip in Spain, but typically
Example: Filipinos abroad are domestic helpers. restaurants would expect a tip of around 5-10%.
● Myanmar, Singapore, and Taiwan do not have a strong
● Challenge gender norms tipping culture, and so leaving extra money at the end if
- Avoid using “he” and “man” to refer to a general group the meal, or in a bar, is largely deemed unnecessary.
of people. ● In India, they have a service charge on the bill, so you
- Use plural pronouns or rewrite the sentence to avoid don’t necessarily have to give a tip.
using pronouns. ● In American restaurants, even if you buy a bottle of water,
- The use of his/her is acceptable. you are expected to pay 20-25% of the bill as a tip.
● In the UAE, Qatar, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia, servers in
● Do not talk down on people restaurants will expect a 10 to 15% tip at the end of a
● Be sensitive to the religious practices of others meal. Even in Dubai, where the government mandates
● Be polite at all times 10% being added to bills at restaurants, hotels and bars,
waitstaff will still expect a tip of up to 15%, or even 20%.
IV. INTERCULTURAL SENSITIVITY
● Means a person responds well to cultural differences. The following information on this handout is referred
from the recommended references and textbooks.
A. EYE CONTACT / GAZE Please review them as well.
Thank you and Goodluck!
● In Japan and Africa, prolonged eye contact is offensive
and disrespectful.
● People from Africa and Latin America avoid eye contact to
show respect.
● In Arabic cultures, prolonged eye contact shows interest
and helps them understand the other person.

B. FACIAL EXPRESSION
● Americans smile freely at strangers.
● Russians consider smiling strange and even impolite.
● Asians smile to express joy and friendliness as well as
pain and embarrassment.

C. GESTURE
● In the Middle East, nodding the head down signifies
agreement, and nodding it up indicates disagreement.
● For the American and Chinese, moving the head up and
down means “yes.”

D. TOUCH
● Asian do more touching than Americans.
● In some cultures, patting a child’s head is affectionate or
friendly.
● In most Asian countries, patting the head is inappropriate
because the head is a sacred part of the body.

E. TIME
● In the United States, time is gold.
● In Germany, arriving on time is a sign of respect, and
being late is rude.
● In Venezuela, being on time or early is rude.
- Example: When a person is invited for a meal, coming
on time means the person is eager and greedy. Thus,
it is better to arrive 10 or 15 minutes late.

F. PHYSICAL SPACE

AUTHOR(S): (OCAMPO, K.B, GATMEN, A.F & QUINTO, K.J), // TEMPLATE BY: SHS Council and BOGNOT, P.N.3