Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 12

Example 12. Analysis of steel framework of the structure and preparing data to KM-
SAPR module

In this lesson you will learn how to:

– carry out static analysis of 3D frame and calculate DCF;
– select and check steel sections for elements of frame;
– analyse joints.

Description:
Schematic presentation of the frame and its boundary conditions are presented in Fig.12.1.

Sections of elements:
extreme and middle columns – I-section No. 35K1;
longitudinal beams – I-section No. 30;
transverse beams – built-up I-section;
vertical bracing – double angle 75 x 75 x 6.

Loads:
load case 1 – dead weight of elements of model;
load case 2 – uniformly distributed load on beams;
load case 3 – wind load along the X-axis.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.1 Cross-sectional plan of the structure

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

On the taskbar, click the Start button, and then point to All Programs. Point to the folder that contains
LIRA SAPR / LIRA-SAPR 2016 and then click LIRA-SAPR 2016.

Step 1. Creating new problem

On the FILE menu, click New (button on the toolbar).
In the Model type dialog box (see Fig.12.2) specify the following data:
problem name – Example12;
model type – 5 – Six degrees of freedom per node (translations X, Y, Z and rotations Ux, Uy, Uz).

Click OK .

Figure 12.2 Model type dialog box

It is also possible to open the Model type dialog box with a pre-defined type of model. To do this, on
the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), point to New and click Model type 5 (Six DOF per node)

command . One more way to do the same: on the Quick Access Toolbar, click New and in the drop-

down menu select Model type 5 (Six DOF per node) command . Then you should define only
problem name.

To save all output data files for the problem in certain directory, select appropriate check box. The
directory name will coincide with the name of the problem. This directory will appear in the directory for
files with analysis results. This is helpful if you have to find output data files for certain problem, then
transfer these files or review and evaluate them with the help of Windows Explorer or other file managers.

Step 2. Generating model geometry

To generate 3D frame:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Create regular fragments and grids

list and click the 3D frame command.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

In the Create plane fragments and grids dialog box (see Fig.12.3), clear the Generate floor slabs and
divide bars and the Generate foundation slab check boxes.
Then specify the following data for 3D frame:
spacing along X: spacing along Y: spacing along Z:
L(m) N L(m) N L(m) N
8 2 6 3 4.2 3
other parameters remain by default.

Click Apply .

Figure 12.3 3D frame dialog box

To save data about design model:

On the LIRA-SAPR menu (Application menu), click Save command .

In the Save as dialog box specify the following data:
file name – Example12;
location where you want to save this file (Data folder is displayed by default).
Click Save.

To present numbers of nodes and elements on the screen:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Flags of drawing

button .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

In the Display dialog box, select the Element numbers check box on the Elements tab.
On the Nodes tab, select the Node numbers check box.

Click Redraw .

Figure 12.4 Display dialog box

To create hinges at nodes where beams connect columns:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click PolyFilter .
In the PolyFilter dialog box, select the Filter for elements tab (the second tab) (see Fig.12.5).
Select By orientation of FE check box and specify option II Y.

Click Apply .

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.5 Filter for elements tab

When you select nodes or elements on design model, you will see Contextual Tabs on the Ribbon
User Interface. Contextual Tabs expose functionality specific only to the object in focus. They remain
hidden when the object it works on is not selected.
Contextual Tabs are mentioned to work with nodes or elements of the model. They contain commands to
create and edit the model and can't be activated from Results, Advanced results and Design ribbon
tabs.

On the Bars contextual tab, on the Edit bars panel, click Hinges .
In the Hinges dialog box (see Fig.12.6), define nodes and directions along which there is no stiffness or
there is limited stiffness for the restraint between one of the bar ends and model node. To do this, select
appropriate check boxes:
1st node – UY, UZ;
2nd node – UY, UZ.

Click Apply .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.6 Hinges dialog box

Close the PolyFilter dialog box.

To add vertical bracing between axes 2 and 3:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Select elements

(button on the toolbar).

With the pointer, select the following elements on the model: No. 2, 8, 12, 13, 14, 41, 42, 43, 70, 71, 72
(selected elements will be coloured red).
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Add element drop-down list and click

Divide into N equal parts .

The Add element dialog box is presented with the Divide into N equal parts tab open (see Fig.12.7).
On this tab, specify N = 2.

Click Apply .

Figure 12.7 Add element dialog box

In the same dialog box, select the Add bar tab.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Make sure that the Specify nodes with pointer and Account of intermediate nodes check boxes are
selected.
To add bar elements between nodes, specify with the pointer the following pairs of nodes in sequence:
No. 7 and 51, 4 and 51, 19 and 54, 16 and 54, 31 and 57, 28 and 57 (in this case the rubber-band line is
automatically stretched between the nodes that you select).

On the Select toolbar, click Select elements (button on the toolbar).

Select new elements No. 110, 111, 112, 113, 114 and 115.
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Edit panel, point to Copy drop-down list and click Copy by

one node .
The Copy objects dialog box is presented with the Copy by one node tab open (see Fig.12.8).

Figure 12.8 Copy objects dialog box

Specify with the pointer node where braces adjoin the middle of the beam No. 57 (the node will be
coloured pink and in the Copy objects dialog box, the Select base node option becomes selected
automatically).
Then select with the pointer (left mouse button) the nodes that the fragment should be copied to – nodes
No. 58 and 59.

To pack the model:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Edit panel, click Pack model .

In the Pack model dialog box (see Fig.12.9), click Apply . It is necessary to pack the model in order
to ‘throw together’ coincident nodes and elements and to eliminate (that is, to remove completely) deleted
nodes and elements from design model.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.9 Pack model dialog box

To add vertical bracing between axes B and C:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Add node drop-down list and click the

Add node by coordinates command.

In the Add node dialog box (see Fig.12.10), define coordinates for the node:
Х(m) Y(m) Z(m)
9.25 0 3.2.

Click Apply .

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.10 Add node dialog box

Then define new coordinates for the node:

Х(m) Y(m) Z(m)
14.75 0 3.2.

Click Apply .

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Create panel, point to Add element drop-down list and click

Add bar .
The Add element dialog box is presented with the Add bar tab open.

Make sure that the Specify nodes with pointer and Account of intermediate nodes check boxes are
selected.
To add bar elements between nodes, specify with the pointer the following pairs of nodes in sequence:
No. 2 and 60, 14 and 60, 49 and 60, 49 and 61, 15 and 61, 3 and 61 (in this case the rubber-band line is
automatically stretched between the nodes that you select).

On the Select toolbar, click Select elements (button on the toolbar).

Select new elements No. 119 – 124.

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Edit panel, point to Copy drop-down list and click Copy by

one node .
The Copy objects dialog box is presented with the Copy by one node tab open.

Specify with the pointer node where braces adjoin the middle of the beam No. 49 (the node will be
coloured pink and in the Copy objects dialog box, the Select base node option becomes selected
automatically).
Then select with the pointer (left mouse button) the nodes that the fragment should be copied to – nodes
No. 50.

Pack the model ones again as described above.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Step 3. Defining design options

To define the first design option:
On the More edit options ribbon tab, on the Design panel, click Design options for main model

command .
In the Design options dialog box (see Fig.12.11), define parameters for the first design option:
in the Analysis of sections by list, select DCF;

to select the DCF table, click Add/Edit DCF table button ;

in the new Design combinations of forces dialog box, click OK ;

other parameters in the Design options dialog box remain by default.

In the Design options dialog box, click Apply .

Figure 12.11 Design options dialog box

Close the Design options dialog box.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Step 4. Defining material properties to elements of the model

To create material data sets:
On the Create and edit ribbon tab, on the Stiffness and restraints panel, click Material properties

button .
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box (see Fig.12.12a), click Add. The dialog box expands to display
the library of stiffness parameters. In the Add stiffness dialog box (see Fig.12.12b), select the Database
of steel sections tab (the second tab).

a b
Figure 12.12 Dialog boxes: a – Stiffness and materials, b – Add stiffness

Double-click the I-section icon in the list. The Steel cross-section dialog box opens. In this dialog box
you can define material properties for selected type of the section.
In the Steel cross-section dialog box (see Fig.12.13), specify the following parameters for I-section:
in the Profile box, click ‘Dvutavr s parallel`nymi granyami polok tipa K(kolonnyj)’ ;
in the shape box, click .
Click OK.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.13 Steel cross-section dialog box

In the Add stiffness dialog box, double-click Built-up I-section icon.

In the new Steel cross-section dialog box, define the following data for flanges of the section:
in Section components area, select flange;
in the Profile list, select 'Prokat listovoj goryachekatanyj tolshhinoj 2.5...25 mm' ;
in the next list define the shape – 320 х 16.
Define the following data for web of the section:
in Section components area, select web;;
in the Profile list, select 'Prokat listovoj goryachekatanyj tolshhinoj 2.5...25 mm' ;
in the next list define the shape – 630 х 8;
in the Comment box, type Transverse beams.
To confirm the data, click OK.

In the Add stiffness dialog box, double-click I-section icon.

In the new Steel cross-section dialog box, define the following data for the I-section:
Profile – 'Dvutavr s neparallel`nymi granyami polok';
Shape – 30;
in the Comment box, type Longitudinal beams.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

To confirm the data, click OK.

In the Add stiffness dialog box, double-click Double angle icon.

In the new Steel cross-section dialog box, define the following data for the double section:
Profile – 'Ugolok ravnopolochnyj';
Shape – 75 х 75 х 6;
in the Comment box, type Braces.
To confirm the data, click OK.

To define materials for steel structures:

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the Steel tab (the third tab).
Select Material option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.12.14), define the following data:
in the Steel table list box, define the 'Stali po SNIP II-23-81*, fason' row;
in the Steel list box, select grade S235;
in the Comments box, type 'Structural shapes'.
To confirm the data, click OK.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.14 Parameters (for materials) dialog box

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select Additional parameters option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.12.15), define the following parameters for columns:
under Element type, click Column;
under Effective lengths, select the Use length factor check box;
define effective length factor relative to Z1-axis Kz=1;
define effective length factor relative to Y1-axis Ky=1;
define effective length factor for check by lateral-torsional buckling (calculation of factor Fb) Kb=0.85;
in the Comment line, type Columns;
other parameters remain by default.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

To confirm the data, click OK.

Figure 12.15 Parameters (for columns) dialog box

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Add.

In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.12.16), define the following parameters for longitudinal beams:
under Element type, click Beam;
in the Data for buckling analysis area, select the use length factors check box;
define effective length factor of beam for buckling analysis Kb = 0.25;
in the End conditions of compression flange of beam list, select the row '2 or more dividing the
span to equal parts';
in the Deflection analysis area, define max allowed deflection – 1/250;

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

in the Comment line, type Longitudinal beams;

other parameters remain by default.
To confirm the data, click OK.

Figure 12.16 Parameters (for longitudinal beams) dialog box

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Add once more.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.12.17), define the following parameters for braces:
in the Element type area, click Truss;
in the Effective lengths area, select the use length factors check box;
effective length factor relative to Z1-axis Kz = 1;

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

effective length factor relative to Y1-axis Ky = 1;

in the Ultimate slenderness area, select 'element of truss web (except support element)';
in the Comment line, type Braces;
other parameters remain by default.
To confirm the data, click OK.

Figure 12.17 Parameters (for braces) dialog box

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the first tab Properties. In the List of stiffness types,
select type '2. Builtup I-section' and click Set as current type. In this case selected type will be displayed
in the Stiffness box in the Assign to elements of the model area. To assign current type of stiffness,
you could also double-click appropriate row in the list.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Then, to assign materials for steel structures, in the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the Steel
tab (the third tab).
Select Additional parameters option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box, define the following data for transverse beams:
under Element type, click Beam;
under Data for buckling analysis, select the Use length factors check box;
define the length factor for buckling analysis of beam Kb=0.25;
in the End conditions of compression flange of beam list box, select the 2 or more dividing the
span to equal parts line;
under Deflection analysis, define maximum allowed deflection - 1/250;
under Stiffeners, select the Place stiffeners check box and define spacing for stiffeners as equal to 1
m;
in the Comment line, type Transverse beams;
other parameters remain by default.
To confirm the data, click OK.

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select Material option and click Add.
In the Parameters dialog box (see Fig.12.18), define the following data for transverse beams:
under Section, in the Steel list, select 'as flange has';
under Flange, in the Steel table drop-down list, select 'Stali po SNIP II-23-81*, list' and then in the
Steel list, select the steel grade S235;
under Web, in the Steel table drop-down list, select 'Stali po SNIP II-23-81*, list' and then in the Steel
list, select the steel grade S235;
in the Comments box, type 'Transverse beams'.
To confirm the data, click OK.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.18 Parameters (for transverse beams) dialog box

To assign material properties to elements of the model:

On the Select toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click PolyFilter .
In the PolyFilter dialog box, select the Filter for elements tab (the second tab).
Select By orientation of FE check box and specify option II X.

Click Apply .

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply . In this case, make sure that stiffness
2.Builtup I-section is defined as current one in the list of stiffness types and in the list of current
materials the following data should be defined as current one: material – 2.transverse beams, additional
parameters – 4.transverse beams.
In the Warning box, click No. (The elements become unselected. It indicates that the current stiffness
type is assigned to selected elements.)

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, specify option II Y in the By orientation of
FE area.

Click Apply .

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, in the list of parameters for steel structures (see Steel tab),
select the row '1.structural shapes'.
Click Set as current one. In this case selected type will be displayed in the Stiffness box in the Assign
to elements of the model area. To assign current type of stiffness, you could also double-click
appropriate row in the list.
Click Additional parameters option, then select the row '2.longitudinal beams' and click Set as current
one.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the first tab Properties. In the List of stiffness types,
select type '3. I-section 30' and click Set as current type.

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply .

The Warning box is displayed. Click No.

In the PolyFilter dialog box, on the Filter for elements tab, specify option / (for inclined elements) in the
By orientation of FE area.

Click Apply .

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, select the first tab Properties. In the List of stiffness types,
select type '4. Double angle 75 x 75 x 6' and click Set as current type.
In the same dialog box, in the list of parameters for steel structures (see Steel tab), click Additional
parameters option.
Select the row '3.braces' in the list and click Set as current one.

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply .

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button .

Select all vertical elements of the model with the pointer.
In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, set as current ones the additional parameters for steel
structures as '1.columns' and stiffness type as '1.I-sectiohn 35K1'.

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, click Apply .

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button once again in order to make this command
not active.

Step 5. Changing FE types for elements of braces

In the Stiffness and materials dialog box, clear the Materials check box in the Assign to elements of
the model area.
Select the stiffness type '4. Double angle 75x75x6' as the current type of stiffness.
In the same dialog box, to select elements with this stiffness type on the model, click the Select on

model button .

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

On the Advanced edit options ribbon tab, on the Model panel, click Change FE type .
In the Change FE type dialog box (see Fig.12.19), in the list of FE types, select FE type 4 - FE of 3D
truss.

Click Apply .

Figure 12.19 Change FE type dialog box

Step 6. Applying loads

To create load case No.1:
To define load from dead weight, on the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel and click

Add dead weight .

In the Add dead weight dialog box (see Fig.12.20), click All elements and specify Load factor as equal
to 1.05 (as in SRS-SAPR (Steel Tables) module the unit weight is specified as normative value, it should
be converted to design value).

Click Apply (uniformly distributed load equal to unit weight of elements is automatically applied to
all elements of the structure).

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.20 Add dead weight dialog box

To create load case No.2:

To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.

On the Projection toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Projection on

XOZ-plane .

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button . Then select (with selection window -
from left to right) elements of the central row of columns.

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel, then select Load on bars command

from the Loads on nodes and elements drop-down list.

In the Define loads dialog box (see Fig.12.21), specify Global coordinate system and direction along the
Z-axis (default parameters).

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.21 Define loads dialog box

In the Load type area, click Uniformly distributed load button .

In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.9 t/m (see Fig.12.22).

Click OK .

Figure 12.22 Load parameters dialog box

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Select elements of extreme rows of columns with the help of selection window (from left to right).

In the Load type area, click Uniformly distributed load button once more.
In the Load parameters dialog box specify P = 0.45 t/m.

Click OK .

To present design model in projection on the YOZ-plane, on the Projection toolbar, click Projection on

YOZ-plane .
Select (in turn) elements of middle rows of columns with the help of selection window (from left to right).
Define for these elements uniformly distributed load р = 1.44 t/m.
Then select elements of extreme rows of columns with the help of selection window (from left to right).
Define for these elements uniformly distributed load р = 0.72 t/m.

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button once again in order to make this
command not active.

To create load case No.3:

To change the number of the current load case, click the Next load case button located on the
Status bar or on the toolbar.

On the Projection toolbar (by default, it is displayed at the bottom of the screen), click Projection on

XOZ-plane .

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button . Then select extreme left row of columns.
In the Define loads dialog box, on the Load on bars tab, specify direction along the X-axis .

In the Load type area, click Trapezoidal load on group of bars button .
In the Non-uniformly distributed load dialog box (see Fig.12.23), specify P1 = -0.065 t/m, P2 = -0.1 t/m
and direction along which the load is changed (Z-axis).
Click OK.

Figure 12.23 Non-uniformly distributed load dialog box

Select (with selection window - from left to right) elements of the right row of columns.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

In the Define loads dialog box, in the Load type area, click Trapezoidal load on group of bars button

.
In the Non-uniformly distributed load dialog box, specify P1 = -0.05 t/m, P2 = -0.075 t/m and direction
along which the load is changed (Z-axis).
Click OK.

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button once again in order to make this command
not active.

To present the model in dimetric projection, on the Projection toolbar, click Dimetric projection .

To define detailed information about load cases:

On the Create and edit ribbon tab, select the Loads panel and click Edit load cases . The Edit
load cases dialog box is displayed on the screen (see Fig.12.24).
For load case 1 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Dead and click Apply

For load case 2 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Live and click Apply
.
For load case 3 – in the Edit selected load case area, in the Type box, select Instant and click Apply

Figure 12.24 Edit load cases dialog box

Close the Edit load cases dialog box.

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Step 7. Generating DCF table

On the Analysis ribbon tab, select the DCF panel and click DCF table button .
In the Design combinations of forces dialog box (see Fig.12.25), to generate DCF table with values

accepted by default for every load case, click Default DCF values button .
Then make sure that building code SNIP 2.01.07-85* is selected and specify the following data:
for Load case 1 – in the Summary table for DCF calculation, define Load factor as equal to 1.05

and then click Apply .

Click OK .

Figure 12.25 Design combinations of forces dialog box

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Step 8. Defining design sections for beams

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

Select all horizontal elements of the model with the pointer.

When you select nodes or elements on design model, you will see Contextual Tabs on the Ribbon
User Interface. Contextual Tabs expose functionality specific only to the object in focus. They remain
hidden when the object it works on is not selected. Contextual Tabs are mentioned to work with nodes or
elements of the model. They contain commands to create and edit the model and can't be activated from
Results, Advanced results and Design ribbon tabs.

On the Bars contextual tab, on the Edit bars panel, click Design sections of bars button .
In the Design sections dialog box (see Fig.12.26), specify number of sections N = 5.

Click Apply (to carry out analysis on serviceability limit states, it is necessary to calculate forces in
three or more sections) and close the dialog box.

Figure 12.26 Design sections dialog box

Step 9. Defining structural elements

Structural element (StE) is a set of several finite elements that during design procedure will be
considered as a single unit. Elements that form the part of the structural element should have no gaps,
have the same stiffness type, should not be included into other structural elements and unification groups,
have common nodes and belong to the same line. In this version it is possible to select all elements of the
model and unite them into structural ones.

To define structural element BEAM:

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

Select with the pointer horizontal elements to which braces adjoin (No. 77 - 98). .
To define structural elements, on the More edit options ribbon tab, select the Design panel and click

Structural elements button .

In the Structural elements dialog box (see Fig.12.27), under Edit structural elements (StE), click
Generate StE.

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

Figure 12.27 Structural elements dialog box

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button once again in order to make this
command not active.

To define structural element COLUMN:

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button .

In the Structural elements dialog box, under Edit structural elements (StE), click Generate StE.

On the Select toolbar, click Select vertical bars button once again in order to make this command
not active.

Step 10. Defining deflection fixities at nodes of bending elements

On the Select toolbar, click Select horizontal bars button .

Select all horizontal elements of the model with the pointer.

On the More edit options ribbon tab, on the Design panel, click Deflection fixities command .
In the Deflection fixities dialog box (see Fig.12.28), select Create at ends of structural elements
option in the list.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Then select Y1 and Z1 check boxes and click Apply (deflection of element sections is determined
relative to the line that connects fixities at the ends of the element).

Figure 12.28 Deflection fixities dialog box

To close the Deflection fixities dialog box, click Close.

Step 11. Complete analysis of the model

To carry out complete analysis of frame, on the Analysis ribbon tab, select the Analysis panel and in the

Analyse drop-down list, click Complete analysis .

Step 12. Review and evaluation of static analysis results

When analysis procedure is complete, to review and evaluate analysis results, select the Results
ribbon tab.

In the mode of analysis results visualization, by default design model is presented with account of nodal
displacements.

To present diagrams of internal forces:

To display diagram My , on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Moment diagrams

(My) button .
To display diagram Qz , on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Shear force

diagrams (Qz) button .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

To display diagram N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Axial force diagrams

(N) button .
To display mosaic plots N, on the Results tab, select Forces in bars panel and click Mosaic plot of

forces in bars command in the Force diagrams/Mosaic plots drop-down list.

To change number of active load case:

On the status bar (displayed at the bottom of the screen), in the Load case No. list, select No. 2 and click

Apply .

To generate and review tables of analysis results:

To present table with design combinations of forces in elements of the model, on the Results ribbon tab,

select Tables panel and click Standard tables in the Documents drop-down list.
In the Standard tables dialog box (see Fig.12.29), select DCF, design values in the list.
Click Apply.

By default, standard tables are generated in the *.csv format. Information presented in these tables is
divided into different tabs: input data (optional), e.g. DCF coefficients; output data for bars; output data for
plates; etc.
To generate table in *.csv format and add it to the Report Book, select the Generate updatable table in
Report Book check box. If the table is located in the Report Book, it is possible to update it later (if
required) and add it to the report file with the Report Book options.
To modify format of the table, in the Standard tables dialog box, click Select format. Then in the Table
format dialog box, select appropriate option and click OK. To generate table in Document Maker (DOC-
SAPR module), select RPT format.
Selected format is saved and will be applied by default in further work with standard tables.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.29 Standard tables dialog box

To close the table, on the FILE menu, click Close.

Step 13. Review and evaluate results from steel analysis

When analysis procedure is complete, to review and evaluate results of steel analysis, select the
Design ribbon tab (for standard ribbon interface).

To present mosaic plots for the check of assigned sections of steel bars:
To present mosaic results (for assigned cross-sections, check for ultimate limit state), on the Design

ribbon tab, on the Steel: check and select panel, click Check, ULS button .
To present mosaic results (for assigned cross-sections, check for serviceability limit state), on the Design

ribbon tab, on the Steel: check and select panel, click Check, SLS button .
To present mosaic results (for assigned cross-sections, check for local buckling), on the Design ribbon

tab, on the Steel: check and select panel, click Check, LB button .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

To generate the table with results (assigned sections):

To generate tables with analysis results, on the Results ribbon tab, select Tables panel and click

Analysis results tables for steel in the Documents drop-down list.

In the Table of results dialog box, select the Check option.

Click Apply (to generate tables in HTML format, select appropriate option). To generate table and
work further in Document Maker (DOC-SAPR module), select RPT format. It is also possible to present
tables in Excel format.
Close the dialog box.

To close the table, on the FILE menu, click Close.

Step 14. Analysis of joints

To carry out analysis of column base:

On the Design tab, select Steel: analysis panel and click Analyse joint button .
In the Select joint type dialog box, select Column bases / Pinned / I-section column in the list.
In the right part of the dialog box, select the type of joint as presented in the figure (see Fig.12.30).
Click OK.

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

Figure 12.30 Select joint type dialog box

In the Define joint elements dialog box (see Fig.12.31), click the Use assigned cross section option.
To define column number, click Set in the Column line. The Select element dialog box appears on the
screen.

Figure 12.31 Define joint elements dialog box

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

In the Select element dialog box (see Fig.12.32), select the define on model check box, select with the
pointer column No. 13 (its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK (the program returns to the Define joint elements dialog box and column number will be
displayed in the appropriate box).

Figure 12.32 Select element dialog box

To define node number, click Set in the Node line. The Select node dialog box appears on the screen.
In the Select node dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer node No. 1
(its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK (the program returns to the Define joint elements dialog box and node number will be
displayed in the appropriate box).

To analyse selected joint, in the Define joint elements dialog box, click OK.
Then the program will be opened in the mode of analysis of joint. In this mode, when you evaluate
analysis results for column base joint, save the problem file and close this mode window.

To design and analyse compound joints:

To create and analyse compound joints, on the Design tab, select Steel: analysis panel and click

Compound joint button in the drop-down list.

In the Compound joints dialog box, click Add joint button (the first row Compound joint I will appear in
the list of the dialog box).
To add the first connection of compound joint, click Add.
In the Select joint type dialog box, in the tree-like list, for pinned connection beam-to-column, select
column section as I-section.
In the right part of the dialog box, double-click the joint with seat angle.
In the new Define joint elements dialog box, click the Use assigned cross section option.
To define beam number, click Set in the Beam line. The Select element dialog box appears on the
screen.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer beam
No. 25 (its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK (the program returns to the Define joint elements dialog box and beam number will be
displayed in the appropriate box).
To define column number, click Set in the Column line. The Select element dialog box appears on the
screen.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer column
No. 40 (its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK (the program returns to the Define joint elements dialog box and column number will be
displayed in the appropriate box).

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 Example 12 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016

To analyse selected joint, in the Define joint elements dialog box, click OK. The program returns to the
Compound joints dialog box where the second row Beam-to-column connection appears in the list.

Figure 12.33 Compound joints dialog box

To add the second connection of compound joint, in the Compound joints dialog box, click Add.
In the Select joint type dialog box, in the tree-like list, for pinned connection beam-to-column, select
column section as I-section.
In the right part of the dialog box, double-click the joint with seat angle.
In the new Define joint elements dialog box, click the Use assigned cross section option.
To define beam number, click Set in the Beam line.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer beam
No. 26 (its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK .
To define column number, click Set in the Column line.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer column
No. 40.

Click OK .

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 Tutorial on LIRA-SAPR version 2016 Example 16

To analyse selected joint, in the Define joint elements dialog box, click OK.

In the Compound joints dialog box, click Add joint button (the new row Compound joint II will appear
in the list of the dialog box).
To add the first connection of compound joint, click Add.
In the Select joint type dialog box, in the tree-like list, for sway bracing, select angular section.
In the right part of the dialog box, double-click Mixed joint icon.
In the new Define joint elements dialog box, click the Use assigned cross section option.
To define number for the first element, click Set in the Element 1 line. The Select element dialog box
appears on the screen.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer element
of bracing No. 111 (its number will be displayed in the dialog box).

Click OK .
To define number for the second element, click Set in the Element 2 line.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer beam
No. 85.

Click OK .

To add the second connection of compound joint, in the Compound joints dialog box, click Add.
In the Select joint type dialog box, in the tree-like list, for sway bracing, select angular section.
In the right part of the dialog box, double-click Mixed joint icon.
In the new Define joint elements dialog box, click the Use assigned cross section option.
To define number for the first element, click Set in the Element 1 line.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer element
of bracing No. 112.

Click OK .
To define number for the second element, click Set in the Element 2 line.
In the Select element dialog box, select the define on model check box, select with the pointer beam
No. 85.

Click OK .

To analyse selected joint, in the Define joint elements dialog box, click OK.

If every connection is denoted with plus sign , it means that the joint is designed properly.
Close the Compound joints dialog box.

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