Materials System Specification

34-SAMSS-319 11 October 2017

Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment
Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee

Contents
1 Scope ................................................................ 2
2 Conflicts and Deviations ................................... 2
3 References........................................................ 2
4 Environmental Conditions ................................. 3
5 Level Gauge Design ......................................... 4
6 Temperature System ........................................ 7
7 Performance Criteria ......................................... 7
8 Human Machine Interface (HMI) ....................... 8
9 Electrical Requirements .................................. 12
10 Documentation Requirements......................... 12
11 Quality Control ................................................ 13
12 Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT)
and Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) ................... 13
13 Glossary .......................................................... 14
Revision Summary ................................................. 15

Previous Issue: 24 April 2012 Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020

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Contact: Abdul Razak, Mokhtarudin (abdumx1j) on phone +966-13-8801303

©Saudi Aramco 2017. All rights reserved.

Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

1 Scope

This specification defines the minimum requirements for Automatic Tank Gauging
(ATG) Instruments and Systems for inventory application. The specification covers all
hardware, software, software configuration, calibration, and communication with host
computer systems, when so required. Also included are auxiliary temperature and
pressure instrumentation associated with ATG systems. The ATG shall be either single
probe Guided Wave Radar (GWR) or Radar Tank Gauging (RTG).

This specification is not intended for purchase of equipment used for custody transfer.

Excluded from this specification are all other types of level and tank gauging instruments.

2 Conflicts and Deviations

Any conflicts between this document and other applicable Mandatory Saudi Aramco
Engineering Requirements (MSAERs) shall be addressed to the EK&RD Coordinator.

Any deviation from the requirements herein shall follow internal company procedure
SAEP-302.

3 References

Material or equipment supplied to this specification shall comply with the latest edition
of the references listed below, unless otherwise noted.

3.1 Saudi Aramco References

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a Mandatory
Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement

Saudi Aramco Engineering Form and Data Sheet

SA-8020-319 Instrument Specification Sheet (ISS) for Automatic
Tank Gauging-Radar

3.2 Industry Codes and Standards

American Petroleum Institute/Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards

API MPMS 1 Vocabulary
API MPMS 3.1A Standard Practice for Manual Gauging of Petroleum
and Petroleum Products in Stationary Tanks

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

API MPMS 3.1B Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid

Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic
Tank Gauging
API MPMS 3.3 Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid
Hydrocarbons in Stationary Pressurized Storage
Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging
API MPMS 7 Temperature Determination

International Organization for Standardization

ISO 9001 Quality Systems-Model for Quality Assurance in
Design/Development, Production, Installation,
and Servicing

National Fire Protection Association

NFPA 70 National Electrical Code (NEC)

4 Environmental Conditions

4.1 Temperature

Instruments and control systems shall operate continuously under the following
ambient air temperatures without any degradation of the manufacturer's
guaranteed performance:

Indoor Air Outdoor Outdoor

Conditioned (2) Sheltered (1)(2)(3) Unsheltered (2)(3)
35°C 55°C 65°C
Maximum
(95°F) (131°F) (149°F)
10°C 0°C 0°C
Minimum
(50°F) (32°F) (32°F)

Notes:
1) "Sheltered" refers to permanent, ventilated enclosures or buildings, or permanently fixed
sunshades with a top and three sides.
2) For instruments which dissipate internal heat and are installed in custom engineered
enclosures (e.g., enclosures not included in the original manufacturer's temperature
certification), an additional 15°C shall be added to the above maximum temperatures.
An example, for "indoor air conditioned" installation, the equipment must perform at
35 + 15 = 50°C. Similarly, for the "outdoor unsheltered" case, the equipment shall be
designed for a maximum operating temperature of 65 + 15 = 80°C.

3) For the outdoor installations only, the designer can take credit for forced or passive cooling to
eliminate or reduce the 15°C heat rise. For example, if vortex coolers are used, the heat
removal capacity of the coolers may be subtracted from the generated heat. No more than
15°C reduction in temperature will be given as credit. The designer shall substantiate his
claim by providing the support data and calculations.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

4.2 Offshore and Nearshore Environment

Equipment which is not enclosed or hermetically sealed, but is situated offshore

or nearshore, shall be protected against corrosion and operational failure due to
wind-borne sea water spray and the accumulation of wetted salt (NaCl).
Nearshore is defined as any outdoor, onshore location within one kilometer from
the shoreline of the Arabian Gulf; all of the Ras Tanura Refinery and Terminal;
and within three kilometers from the shoreline of the Red Sea.

4.3 Humidity

Indoor humidity design basis shall be 20% to 80% relative humidity.

Outdoor design basis shall be 5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing).

4.4 Unless otherwise specified, field device LAN data concentrators, modems,
operator workstations, and associated peripheral equipment shall be installed in
air-conditioned buildings.

4.5 All field devices, fieldbus and control equipment shall be designed to be
immune to radio frequency and electromagnetic interference with field strength
of 15 Volts/Meter or less over a frequency range of 50 Hz to 460 MHz.

4.6 The RTG, during normal operation, bench testing or field service, shall not
generate microwave power levels hazardous to humans. The maximum power
level shall not exceed 2 milliwatts. The RTG shall have approval from the
Federal Communication Corporation (FCC, USA) and the Saudi Arabian
Standards Organization (SASO). The vendor shall provide certification
documentation to Saudi Aramco, upon request.

5 Level Gauge Design

The user must indicate on the Instrument Specification Sheet (ISS SA-8020-319) and
the purchase order if his requirement is for a field instrument only, or a complete
integrated system.

Single probe GWR shall be used as level gauges. Non-contact RTG can be used, only if
the single probe GWR is not suitable for the given applications.

Radar gauges for use in non-pressurized tank inventory applications can measure level
based on either the frequency shift or time-of-flight technology. The device may use
Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW), Synthesized Pulse Radar (SPR) or
Impulse Echo Time of Flight (TOF).

For pressurized vessels, ATG’s shall also comply with the recommendations of
API MPMS 3.3.
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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

The gauge shall operate in a stand-alone mode (single gauge installation) or in a

network of up to 150 gauges maximum with an operator interface workstation in the
control room. The gauges shall communicate with the workstation via a vendor
supplied field bus.

5.1 Fixed Roof Atmospheric Tank or Free Space Gauge

5.1.1 GWR

Probe shall be installed correctly to avoid the probe sway, and shall be
per vendor’s installation recommendations.

5.1.2 RTG

5.1.2.1 The antenna design shall be suitable for mounting on flange

size and type specified in the ISS. The design shall be such
that product condensation on the antenna shall not affect the
rated accuracy of the gauge.

5.1.2.2 The gauge shall be provided with a remote mounted, local,

digital level and temperature indicators. The readout devices
shall be user configurable in Metric or English units.

5.1.2.3 The vendor shall provide data acquisition and/or control units
and field junction boxes as required.

5.2 Still Well Gauge for Atmospheric Tanks

5.2.1 GWR

The selected GWR shall be able to operate within a still well, and shall
be installed correctly to avoid probe sway. The GWR shall be per
vendor’s installation recommendations.

5.2.2 RTG

5.2.2.1 The vendor shall supply antennas designed for still well
operation in accordance with size specified on the instrument
specification sheet.

5.2.2.2 The gauge shall be provided with remote mounted, local,

digital level and temperature indicators. The readout devices
shall be user configurable in Metric or English units.

5.2.2.3 The vendor shall provide data acquisition and/or control units
and field junction boxes as required.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

5.2.2.4 The antenna for still well gauges shall operate in the low loss
circular transmission mode to prevent loss of rated accuracy
due to encrustation.

5.2.2.5 The vendor shall identify any potential RTG accuracy or

reliability affects associated with still well slot area,
encrustation of still well with rust or hydrocarbon deposits, and
still well inconsistencies or lack of straightness.

5.2.2.6 Appropriate means to allow access to the still well for manual
gauging, temperature dipping and sampling shall be provided.
This could be a detachable antenna or suitably designed
inspection hatch.

5.3 Pressurized Vessel Gauges

5.3.1 GWR

Probe shall be installed correctly to avoid the probe sway, and shall be
per vendor’s installation recommendations.

5.3.2 RTG

5.3.2.1 The antenna design shall be suitable for installation in a 4 inch,

Schedule-10, stainless steel still well. The vendor shall
identify any potential RTG accuracy or reliability affects
associated with still well slot area, encrustation of still well
with rust or hydrocarbon deposits, and still well inconsistencies
or lack of straightness.

5.3.2.2 The gauge shall be provided with remote mounted, local,

digital level, pressure and temperature indicators. The readout
devices shall be user configurable in Metric or English units.

5.3.2.3 A transmitter for vapor space pressure measurement shall be

designed into the RTG system for automatic compensation of
signal absorption due to changes in vapor density. Pressure
transmitters in the tank bottom to compute liquid density shall
be provided when specified in the ISS.

5.3.2.4 The vendor shall provide data acquisition and/or control units
and field junction boxes as required.

5.3.2.5 The vendor shall provide at least one reference pin for the still
well to permit on-line field verification of the liquid level.
Multiple reference pins shall be provided only if specified in
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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

the ISS. The reference pin(s) shall be visible to the RTG only
during the verification procedure.

5.3.2.6 The vendor shall provide an isolation valve at the gauge head
to permit on-line separation and removal of gauge electronics
from the antenna residing inside the storage tank.

6 Temperature System

6.1 Spot temperature element with thermowell or multiple, averaging temperature

measurement assemblies with suitable connections shall be provided as required
on the instrument specification sheet.

6.2 Spot or averaging temperature elements shall be Platinum resistance

temperature detectors (RTD), rated 100 ohms at 0°C (+32°F). The RTD system
measurement accuracy shall be 0.5°C (1.0°F) or better. RTD element
configuration, thermowell material, and dimensions shall be as specified on the
ISS. The field electronics shall be capable of automatically determining and
averaging the signals from only the submerged RTDs.

6.2 Averaging temperature elements shall include a specified number of RTD

elements of graduated lengths housed in a common flexible metal thermowell.
The system shall conform to API MPMS 7.

6.3 The spot or multipoint temperature RTDs shall be wired directly into the local
data acquisition or control unit and the temperature signals shall be communicated
to the remote workstation via the vendor supplied communications bus.

7 Performance Criteria

The intrinsic or bench tested accuracy of the level gauge shall be equal to or better than
3 mm (⅛-inch) over the entire measuring range of the ATG.

The user must indicate the desired accuracy requirements on the Instrument
Specification Sheet (ISS SA-8020-319) and the Purchase Order.

The installed accuracy shall be as follows:

7.1 Performance of ATGs on Atmospheric Tanks

7.1.1 The installed accuracy for inventory control application shall be equal to
or better than 25 mm (1 in), when compared to hand dips. Field
calibration shall be in compliance with API MPMS 3.1B.

The Installed accuracy shall be verified jointly by the vendor and the
proponent representative during the commissioning period.
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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

The verification procedure shall be in compliance with API MPMS 3.1A

and API MPMS 3.1B.

7.1.2 Local level indicators integral to the field control unit shall display
exactly the same level as indicated in the control room operator console.

7.1.3 Level alarms shall be configurable from the software residing in the
operator interface unit in the control room.

7.1.4 Wave integration time for RTG, i.e., time to inhibit the radar response to
transient level fluctuations, shall be adjustable between a range of 2 to
10 seconds.

7.2 Performance of ATGs on Pressurized Tanks

7.2.1 Field calibration and subsequent verification shall be in accordance with

API MPMS 3.3.

The installed accuracy for inventory control application shall be equal to

or better than 25 mm (1 in).

The ATG shall be verified by comparing the installed ullage of the

reference pin(s) versus the actual reading of the ullage pin(s), visible to
the ATG, under operating conditions.

7.2.2 Local level indicators shall display exactly the same level as indicated in
the control room operator console.

7.2.3 Level alarms shall be configurable from the software residing in the
operator interface unit in the control room.

7.2.4 Wave integration time for RTG, i.e., time to inhibit the radar response to
transient level fluctuations, shall be adjustable between a range of 2 to
10 seconds.

8 Human Machine Interface (HMI)

8.1 The HMI shall be provided only if specified in the ISS or purchase order. DCS
is the standard HMI for tank gauging system.

The HMI shall consist of a personal computer (PC) based, user configurable
graphical interface. It shall perform calculations, system management,
configuration and data storage. As a minimum, the personal computer shall
have the latest commercially available Intel based microprocessor with suitable
hard drive and RAM memory, 21 inch color monitor, keyboard, mouse, optical
writer drive, Ethernet network interface, suitable removable and permanent
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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

storage, and all interconnecting cables. An industrial grade printer shall be

provided with each HMI station.

The HMI shall provide as a minimum the following general categories of

standard functions:

8.1.1 The Operator interface graphics shall be designed for normal plant
operation information and shall have the following functionality:

8.1.1.1 An alarm log shall be provided which displays all current

acknowledged and cleared alarms. An alarm inhibit function
shall be provided by which a single or group of associated
alarms could be de-activated. The ability to inhibit any alarm
shall be password protected.

8.1.1.2 A group view function shall be provided which displays all

process values for a pre-defined group of tanks. The tank
groupings are defined during configuration.

8.1.1.3 A specific tank view function shall be provided which displays

predefined process values for a selected tank.

8.1.1.4 A tank inventory function shall be provided which displays all

inventory information for a selected tank.

8.1.1.5 A group inventory function shall be provided which displays

all inventory information for a selected group of tanks.

8.1.1.6 A group configuration function shall be provided which permits

the plant operator(s) to define the groupings of tanks for display
on the group view screen and the group inventory screen.

8.1.1.7 A value entry function shall be provided which permits the

plant operator(s) to manually enter process values and
operating parameters for each tank.

8.1.2 An engineering function interface shall be provided for system

configuration and set-up. All configuration changes shall be password
protected. As a minimum, the engineering interface shall have the
following functionality:

8.1.2.1 A system configuration function will allow the Systems

Engineer to define the system configuration, including the
engineering units for level, volume, temperature, and pressure.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

8.1.2.2 A local communication gateway configuration function will

allow the Systems Engineer to define the name and input/output
address of each gateway within the tank gauging system.

8.1.2.3 A tank configuration function will allow the Systems Engineer

to configure the parameters for entering a new tank to the
system or to reconfigure the parameters for an existing tank.

8.2 Tank Inventory Management Software

The Operator Workstation shall be supplied with standard tank inventory

management software of the latest revision. The software shall be designed to
collect the raw levels, temperatures and pressure signals from the
communication interface units for each of the storage tanks, perform the
calculations required using pre-defined correction factors, display all system
information on the operator screen(s), calculate and display all process alarms
on the operator screen, and provide a communications link to a plant host
computer system.

As a minimum, the software shall be capable of generating and displaying the

following raw and calculated values based upon the field measurements, manual
data inputs and the pre-programmed parameters.

8.2.1 Ullage Measurement: Which is the distance from the surface of liquid to
the reference gauging point or Ullage Volume which is the volume of
available space in a storage tank unoccupied by contents.

8.2.2 Total Observed Volume (TOV): Which is the total measured volume of
all petroleum liquids, sludges, sediment and water and free water at an
observed temperature and pressure.

8.2.3 Gross Observed Volume (GOV): Which is the total volume of all
petroleum liquids and sediment and water, excluding free water, at
observed temperature and pressure.

8.2.4 Gross Standard Volume (GSV): Which is the GOV, corrected by the
appropriate volume correction factor for the observed temperature and
API gravity, relative density or density, to a reference temperature.
For pressurized vessels, the gross standard volume shall also be pressure
compensated to the reference pressure. The volume and pressure
corrections shall be in accordance with the applicable American
Petroleum Institute (API) standards.

8.2.5 Net Standard Volume (NSV): The total volume of all petroleum liquids,
excluding sediment and water and free water, corrected by the
appropriate volume correction factor for the observed temperature and
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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
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Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

API gravity, relative density, or density to a reference temperature and

also corrected by the applicable pressure correction factor.

8.2.6 Leakage Alarm: The application program shall generate alarms based on
the rate of change in the Net Standard Volume of the products in the
storage tanks.

8.2.7 Rate of Change Computations: The system shall provide a calculated

volume rate of change from change in temperature-corrected volume
over a specified time period.

8.2.8 Alarming Capabilities: The system shall generate multiple High, Low,
and Safe alarms for level, temperature and pressure. Configurable time
delays shall be provided for each process variable to minimize nuisance
alarms.

8.2.9 Flow Rate Computations: The system shall provide importing and
exporting flow indications based on volume movements in the tank.
Indications of "time until full" and "time until empty" shall be provided
as well as high and low flow alarms based on user set points.

8.3 System Diagnostics

The system diagnostics shall be capable of performing self-checks on each tank

gauge and data collection or control units. As a minimum, the following
features shall be included:

8.3.1 All field inputs, including level, temperature and pressure signals shall
be monitored for faults. All faults shall be annunciated and logged.

8.3.2 All diagnostic information shall be displayed, alarmed, stored in

historical files and included in reports. This diagnostic information shall
include details of all types of failures, system status and configuration
modifications.

8.3.3 Any re-configuration or modifications after repair or replacement of

hardware shall be password protected.

8.4 System Security

The HMI and resident application software shall have a minimum of two levels
of password protection. Each level of password shall permit pre-programmed
types of activities, i.e., minimum security shall be required for viewing standard
graphics, entering operator information and printing reports. Maximum security
shall be required for configuration and alarm set-points changes.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

8.5 Strapping Tables

The application software shall be capable of storing unique strapping table

correction factors, with at least 100 strapping points for each storage tank.
These tables will provide correction factors for the tank diameter at each
increment of liquid level in the tank. The Total Observed Volume calculation
shall be based on these strapping tables.

8.6 System and Data Recovery

The tank gauging software shall be capable of automatic data backup of all
system configuration and process parameters. The system shall also be capable
of retrieving all configuration parameters once a system failure has cleared.
The vendor shall provide details of the data backup and data recovery features of
the system software, in their proposal.

9 Electrical Requirements

9.1 The vendor shall specify the power requirements for each RTG sub-system to
facilitate the design of segregated power circuits.

9.2 All components installed in the tank or in contact with the process shall be
bonded to the gauge housing.

9.3 All equipment shall be designed to meet the minimum Hazardous Area
installation requirements, as specified in the ISS. The ATG installation shall
meet or exceed the requirements of NFPA 70, the National Electrical Code.

9.4 A local isolation switch shall be provided at the gauge head to interrupt all
power for maintenance and service.

10 Documentation Requirements

The vendor shall supply technical data on all installed hardware, dimensional drawings,
installation details, comprehensive block diagrams and detailed description of the
software. The block diagrams shall detail the layout of all major components,
interconnecting cables and communication interfaces.

The vendor shall also supply complete operations, configuration and maintenance
manuals. As a minimum, the manuals shall have step-by-step troubleshooting
instructions and circuit schematics.

The vendor shall provide the basis for calculating Mean Time between Failure (MTBF)
and Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) values for all hardware components of the
Automatic Tank Gauging System as a part of their proposal.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
Issue Date: 11 October 2017
Next Planned Update: 11 October 2020 Automatic Tank Gauging Equipment

11 Quality Control

11.1 The vendor shall apply his standard QA/QC procedure for design, manufacturing,
installation and testing of the tank gauging system. The vendor's QA/QC program
shall conform to ISO 9001.

11.2 All electronic components or modules of the ATG system shall be functionally
tested.

12 Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) and Site Acceptance Tests (SAT)

12.1 The vendor shall be responsible for the correct functionality and operation of all
components of the ATG System. These functional and operational requirements
shall be demonstrated at both the FAT and SAT tests in accordance with
requirements in this SAMSS and any additional requirements specified in the
purchase order.

The vendor shall provide qualified personnel, test equipment and floor space at
the factory for the FAT, and qualified field service personnel for the SAT.
The FAT and SAT shall demonstrate that the microprocessors, peripherals,
modules, devices and communication hardware components perform as
specified. The vendor shall submit written procedure for the above tests for
Saudi Aramco's review, prior to the scheduled tests. The procedure shall be
comprehensive and cover all system requirements. As a minimum the FAT and
SAT shall demonstrate the following:
a) Workstation level, temperature, and pressure measurement accuracy.
b) Local level, temperature, and pressure measurement accuracy.
c) Tank gauge level measurement immunity to liquid and vapor specific
gravity variations.
d) Level alarm switches for proper operation.
e) Wave integration time adjustment (immunity to liquid turbulence).
f) Multiple element temperature switching operation.
g) Database management and field bus operation.
h) Workstation screens, graphics, user access, menus, and reports.
i) Communication and proper operation of the ATG and the host
communication system.

12.2 All discrepancies encountered in the FAT and SAT shall be resolved to the
satisfaction of Saudi Aramco. The vendor shall submit a written report after the
completion of FAT and SAT. The report shall cover all problems encountered

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
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during the execution of the test procedures and the measures taken to resolve
these problems.

13 Glossary

The following terminology shall be used in all documentation related to specification

and purchase of Radar Tank Gauging systems for measurement of crude oil and
petroleum products:

API Gravity: A term used by the petroleum industry to express the relative density of
petroleum liquids. API gravity is measured by a hydrometer instrument having a scale
graduated in degrees API. The relationship between API gravity and relative density is
as follows:

API Gravity at 60°F = (141.5/Relative Density @ 60°F) - 131.5

Relative Density @ 60°F: The ratio of the density of a substance at 60°F to the density
of pure water, also at 60°F.

Reference Conditions: The condition of temperature and pressure to which measured

volumes are to be corrected, e.g., 60°F and 0 psig or 15°C and 1.01325 bar.

Minimum Level Volume: Represents fixed volume of liquid in the tank that may
contain water and cannot be pumped out.

Net Volume: Represents product volume without minimum level volume.

Net Weight: Weight (metric/long tons) computed by multiplying net volume by API
gravity.

Strapping Table: Provides a correction factor for the tank diameter at each increment
of liquid level in the tank. The correction factor is used in the calculation of Total
Observed Volume.

Suspended Sediment: Non-hydrocarbon solids present within the oil but not in solution.

Bottom Sediment: Non-hydrocarbon solids present in a tank as a separate layer at the

bottom.

Dissolved Water: The water contained within the oil forming a solution at the
prevailing temperature.

Suspended Water: The water within the oil, finely dispersed as small droplets.

Free Water: The water that exists as a separate layer.

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Document Responsibility: Instrumentation Standards Committee 34-SAMSS-319
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Total Water: The sum of dissolved, suspended, and free water.

For definition of other related terms, refer to MPMS Chapter 1 - Vocabulary.

Revision Summary
24 April 2012 Major revision to allow the use or RTG’s that operate upon the Time of Flight measurement
principle and added more API references.
11 October 2017 Major revision to optimize the scope of ATG System, as well as to include a single rod GWR
as the main type of the ATG.

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