Design of Oneway SS slab

Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M20 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe415 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 1.92 N/mm²
K =Xu/d = 0.48
j= 0.7984
Ru = 2.7592704
Density of Concrete = 25 KN/m³

Length of Slab=ly= 7.00m = 7000mm

Breadth of Slab =lx= 3.00m = 3000mm
Ly/Lx 2.33m so Oneway slab
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.25m = 250mm
Types of Slab Simply supported
deff = 150
Effective cover = 0.020m 20mm
Using reinforcement. 12mm dia bar D 170mm Take 190mm 0.19m
Now ,deff = 164mm = 0.164m
Effective length of slab =leff min of lo+w or l0+d 3164mm = 3.164m (IS 456:2000 Cl 22.2)
Load
Dead load = Wd = 4.75 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 4 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 1 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 9.75 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 14.625 KN/m²
Bending Moment Calculations
Mu = 18.30KNm
dreq =√(M/Rxb) 81.4408481 mm < 190mm Safe
Astreq = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd 322.3819081 mm²
Spacing = 350.64002402 mm
Maximum spacing 492mm or 300mm So, Provide 150mm C/C
Astprov. = 753.60mm² Pt 0.4595122 % Ptx30% = 0.13785366
Distribution bars 0.12 % 228 mm²
Using 8 mm Dia bar
Spacing = 220.350877 mm
Maximum spacing 820mm or 450mm So, Provide 150mm C/C
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 429 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support
Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection
fs = 102.9688 N/mm² = 190 N/mm²
F1 2.894395 So, dreq = 51.8243022 mm < 164mm Hence Safe
Check for Shear
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 23.13675 KN
Ƭv = 0.141078 N/mm²
K= 1.22
Ƭc = 0.460566
KƬc = 0.56189 > 0.14107774 Hence, Safe

Check for development length and anchorage

Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 565 mm
Vu = 23.13675 KN
d= 164mm
12Φ = 144mm Hence,max = 164mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 18.89495 mm
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 21241813 Nmm 21.2418132 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 164mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 1193.691925 > 565 Hence OK
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²

250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
2.894395

K value for Slab

D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3
 Interpolation
x1 175 x 190mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.22 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M20 x1 x2
2 3 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
Interpolate 0.36 0.48
0.5 M20 x y
3 3 0.4595% 0.460566
0.48
 6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Design of Two way slab corners restrained
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M25 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe500 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 2.24 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.46
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.8068 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 3.340152 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions
Length of Slab=ly= 4.00m = 4000mm
Breadth of Slab =lx= 2.875m = 2875mm
Clear cover = 0.020m 20mm
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.25m = 250mm
Types of Slab Fixed/Continuous
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = short span 101 or 0.101m
clear span /12 = 0.23958333 < 0.25m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 3.125 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 2.976 So lxeff = 2.976m
clear span /12 = 0.33333333 > 0.25m Along longer span
Clear span +c/c = 4.250 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 4.101 So lyeff = 4.101m
Effective span = 2.976m 2976mm
Leffy/Leffx = 1.3780m so Twoway slab
Assume D = 0.125m 125mm

Length of Slab=leffy= 2.976m 2976mm

Breadth of Slab =leffx= 4.101m 4101mm
Effective span = 2.976m 2976mm
l/d prov = 28.4653465 (IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39)
Now ,deff = 101mm = 0.101m

Load Wd = 3.125
Dead load = Wd = 3.150 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1.5 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.5 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 5.15 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.725 KN/m²
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = long span 93mm or 0.093m
 Moments calculations
Along short span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αx - = 0.079120968 -ve Moment 5.413KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αx + = 0.059340726 +ve Moment 4.06KNm
Along long span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αy - = 0.043 -ve Moment 2.94KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αy + = 0.043 +ve Moment 2.94KNm Mulim = 34072891 Nmm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) 40.26mm 101mm alng sh span 93mm
Dreq= 64.26mm How ever Adopted 125mm = 0.125m Hence OK
Reinforcement calculations
Along short span Ast min check
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 126.4370271 mm² Ast minx 121.20mm² Hence, OK
94.211136028 mm² Ast minx 121.20mm² Hence, NOTOK
Along long span
Asty = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 73.932988619 mm² Ast min y 111.60mm² Hence, NOTOK
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov x= 334.933333 mm² at short span Safe
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov y = 334.933333 mm² at long span Safe
Along short span
P% of Reinf. = 0.33161716 % 0.34 %
Along long span
P% of Reinf. = 0.33161716 % 0.34 %
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 411 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at dead end

Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 719 mm from the center of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at continued end and extend 959 mm

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection for short span
fs = 109.4747 N/mm² = 122 N/mm²
for 0.34 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1

So l/d actual 28.46534653 L/d allowable = 40xMF1x0.8 64 Hence OK

Check for Shear Short Span Shear is generally satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 7.6632 KN
Ƭv = 0.075873 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.4068
KƬc = 0.54918 > 0.07587327 Hence, Safe

Check for Shear Long Span

Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 15.8401125 KN
Ƭv = 0.156833 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.4068
KƬc = 0.54918 > 0.1568328 Hence, Safe
Check for development length and anchorage
Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 389 mm
Vu = 7.6632 KN
d= 101mm
12Φ = 96mm Hence,max = 101mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.09422222 mm Xumax = 46.0586319 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 7112354 Nmm 7.11235447 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 101mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 1206.653504 > 389 Hence OK

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.331617162 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 < 3d 303 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0.34 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 > 3d 1.5 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
32

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
1.662874
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 125mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.35 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M25 x1 x2
2 4 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.36 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.3400% 0.4068
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 1.3780m
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.3
13.0 4
0.076
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.4
13.0 5
0.08
y1 0.076 x 1.38m
y2 0.08 alphax y 0.079121

alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.3
14.0 4
0.057
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.4
14.0 5
0.06
y1 0.057 x 1.38m
y2 0.06 alphax y 0.059341
 alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 9
0
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 9
0
y1 0 x 1.38m
y2 0 alphax y 0

alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 9
0.043
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 9
0.043
y1 0.043 x 0.00m
y2 0.043 alphax y 0.043

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Design of Two way slab corners restrained
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M25 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe500 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 2.24 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.46
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.8068 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 3.340152 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions
Length of Slab=ly= 4.00m = 4000mm
Breadth of Slab =lx= 3.600m = 3600mm
Clear cover = 0.020m 20mm
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.25m = 250mm
Types of Slab Fixed/Continuous
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = short span 101 or 0.101m
clear span /12 = 0.3 > 0.25m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 3.850 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 3.701 So lxeff = 3.701m
clear span /12 = 0.33333333 > 0.25m Along longer span
Clear span +c/c = 4.250 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 4.101 So lyeff = 4.101m
Effective span = 3.701m 3701mm
Leffy/Leffx = 1.1081m so Twoway slab
Assume D = 0.125m 125mm

Length of Slab=leffy= 3.701m 3701mm

Breadth of Slab =leffx= 4.101m 4101mm
Effective span = 3.701m 3701mm
l/d prov = 35.6435644
Now ,deff = 101mm = 0.101m

Load Wd = 3.125
Dead load = Wd = 3.150 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1.5 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.5 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 5.15 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.725 KN/m²
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = long span 93mm or 0.093m
 Moments calculations
Along short span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αx - = 0.064565523 -ve Moment 6.832KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αx + = 0.048403945 +ve Moment 5.12KNm
Along long span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos
αy - = 0.043 -ve Moment 4.55KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αy + = 0.043 +ve Moment 4.55KNm Mulim = 34072891 Nmm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) 45.23mm 101mm alng sh span 93mm
Dreq= 69.23mm How ever Adopted 125mm = 0.125m Hence OK
Reinforcement calculations
Along short span Ast min check
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 160.68952027 mm² Ast minx 121.20mm² Hence, OK
119.45950936 mm² Ast minx 121.20mm² Hence, NOTOK
Along long span
Asty = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 115.38859307 mm² Ast min y 111.60mm² Hence, OK
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov x= 334.933333 mm² at short span Safe
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov y = 334.933333 mm² at long span Safe
Along short span
P% of Reinf. = 0.33161716 % 0.34 %
Along long span
P% of Reinf. = 0.33161716 % 0.34 %
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 515 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at dead end

Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 900 mm from the center of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at continued end and extend 1200 mm

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection for short span
fs = 139.132 N/mm² = 140 N/mm²
for 0.34 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1
(IS 456-2000 ,cl 23.2.1)
So l/d actual 35.64356436 L/d allowable = 26xMF1 41.6 Hence OK
Check for Shear Short Span Shear is generally satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 9.530075 KN
Ƭv = 0.094357 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.4068
KƬc = 0.54918 > 0.09435718 Hence, Safe

Check for Shear Long Span

Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 15.8401125 KN
Ƭv = 0.156833 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.4068
KƬc = 0.54918 > 0.1568328 Hence, Safe
Check for development length and anchorage
Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 389 mm
Vu = 9.530075 KN
d= 101mm
12Φ = 96mm Hence,max = 101mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.09422222 mm Xumax = 46.0586319 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 7112354 Nmm 7.11235447 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 101mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 970.2981165 > 389 Hence OK

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.331617162 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 < 3d 303 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0.34 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 > 3d 1.5 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
0

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
1.662874
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 125mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.35 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M25 x1 x2
2 4 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.36 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.3400% 0.4068
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 1.1081m
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.1
13.0 2
0.064
x1 1.1
x2 1.2
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.2
13.0 3
0.071
y1 0.064 x 1.11m
y2 0.071 alphax y 0.064566

alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.1
14.0 2
0.048
x1 1.1
x2 1.2
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.2
14.0 3
0.053
y1 0.048 x 1.11m
y2 0.053 alphax y 0.048404
 alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.10808
14.0 9
0.043
x1 1.10808
x2 1.10808
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.10808
14.0 9
0.043
y1 0.043 x 1.11m
y2 0.043 alphax y 0.043

alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.10808
14.0 9
0.043
x1 1.10808
x2 1.10808
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.10808
14.0 9
0.043
y1 0.043 x 0.00m
y2 0.043 alphax y 0.043

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Design of Two way slab corners restrained
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M20 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe415 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 1.92 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.48
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.7984 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 2.7592704 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions

Length of Slab =lx= 1.250m = 1250mm

Effective cover = 0.020m 20mm
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.00m = 0mm
Types of Slab Cantilever
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D at support Take 130mm 0.130m
Clear cover = 24mm D at end Take 100 0.100m

Assumed deff = 106 or 0.106m

clear span /12 = 0.10416667 < 0.25m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 1.375 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 1.356 So lxeff = 1.356m

l/d prov = 11.7924528 (IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39)

Now ,deff = 106mm = 0.106m
Load Wd = 2.875
Dead load = Wd = 2.875 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.8 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 4.675 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.0125 KN/m²
Moments calculations
Design moment Mu= 0.5xWuxL² 5.48KNm
Design shear force Vu= 0.5xWuxL 8.77KN
Effective depth
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) = 44.56mm
d prov = 130mm > 44.56mm Hence, Safe
Main bar Ast min check
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 147.47868453 mm² Ast minx 127.20mm² Hence, OK
 Ast min y 127.20mm²
Provide 8mm dia bar 300 c/c Ast prov x= 167.466667 mm² Main bar Safe
P% of Reinf. = 0.15798742 % 0.16 %

Provide 8mm dia bar 300 c/c Ast prov x= 167.466667 mm² Dist bar Safe
Distribution bar
P% of Reinf. = 0.15798742 % 0.16 %
Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection for short span
fs = 211.9713 N/mm² = 211.9713 N/mm²
for 0.16 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1

So l/d actual 11.79245283 L/d allowable = 40xMF1x0.8 64 Hence OK

Check for Shear Shear Short

is generally
Span satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = 8.77KN 8765.625 N
Ƭv = 0.082695 N/mm²
K= 1.34
Ƭc = 0.286
KƬc = 0.38324 > 0.08269458 Hence, Safe

Check for development length and anchorage

Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 377 mm
Vu = 8765.625 N
d= 106mm
0.5xls-x'+3Φ 125mm Hence,max = 125mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.39775556 mm Xumax = 48.3387622 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 6197939 Nmm 6.19793865 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 125mm say 125mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 1044.19518 > 377 Hence OK

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.157987421 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 300 < 3d 318 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide main bar @ 8mm dia bar 300 c/c

Provide main bar @ 8mm dia bar 300 c/c
Extend main bar 8mm dia bar 125.6667 say 126 mm beyond the face of support
Adopted width of support 250mm > 151mm Width of Support is OK
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
32

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
1.699948
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 130mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.34 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.15 M20 x1 x2
1 3 0.15 0.5
0.28
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.28 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.1600% 0.286
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 #REF!
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
#REF! 1.3
#REF! 4
#REF!
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
#REF! 1.4
#REF! 5
#REF!
y1 #REF! x #REF!
y2 #REF! alphax y #REF!

alpha x
#REF! 1.3
#REF! 4
#REF!
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
#REF! 1.4
#REF! 5
#REF!
y1 #REF! x #REF!
y2 #REF! alphax y #REF!
 alpha y
#REF! 1.37802
#REF! #N/A
#REF!
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
#REF! 1.37802
#REF! #N/A
#REF!
y1 #REF! x #REF!
y2 #REF! alphax y #REF!

alpha y
#REF! 1.37802
#REF! #N/A
#REF!
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
#REF! 1.37802
#REF! #N/A
#REF!
y1 #REF! x #REF!
y2 #REF! alphax y #REF!

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Design of lintel beam with chajja
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M20 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe415 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 1.92 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.48
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.7984 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 2.7592704 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions
Length of wall=l= 2.50m = 2500mm t1 =Water proofing = 0.10m
Breadth of wall=b= 0.30m = 300mm
Length of room = L = 4.00m = 4000mm
Breadth of room =B = 2.50m = 2500mm
Clear cover = 0.025m 25mm
Width of Support 0.30m = 300mm
Opening of room = 3.00m 3000mm
Bearing of beam 0.30m 300mm
L= 3.30 t= 0.12 m
Load
Dead load of roof = =0.5(lengthxtx1x25)= 3.750 KN
Dead load of water proofing = =0.5(lengthxt1x1x20)= 2.5 KN
Live Load = LL = =0.5(lengthx1x1.5)= 1.875 KN
Dead load of masonry over lintel = 7.8 KN
Self weight of lintel = 2.25 KN
Dead load of sunshade = 2.5 KN
Dead load of finish of lintel = 0.5 KN
Total 21.175 KN 21.20KN
Factored Load Wu 31.8 KN 31800N

Mu =Wl²/8 43.28775 KNm

Assume depth of Lintel = 0.300m 300mm
Using 12mm dia bar & cover 31mm 8mm dia rings
d= 261mm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) = 229.0mm
Reinforcement calculations
Main bar
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 535.62174925 mm²
Provide 12mm dia bar no of bar = 4.738338 or 5Nos
Ast Prov = 565.20mm² Pt prov 0.72% Ast min check
Ast min 160.37mm² Hence, OK

Check for Shear

The critical section of shear is at a distance d from face of support d= 261mm = 0.261m
VuD = Wul/2-Wu((b/2)+d) = 39.4002 KN = 39400.2N
Ƭv = 0.503195 N/mm²

Ƭc = 0.550989 N/mm²
Ƭcmax = 2.8 N/mm²
Ƭc -Ƭv= 0.047793 N/mm² Since taov and taoc are nearly equal provide nominal shear reinf.
Using 8mm dia bar 2legged Asv = 100.48mm²
Sv = 0.87xfyxAsvxd/0.4xb 302.3192 or 195.75mm or 300mm 175.00mm
Hence provide 8mm dia bar @ 175.00mm c/c

Check for development length and anchorage

Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 565 mm
Vu = 39.4002 KN 39400.2 N
d= 261mm Clear cover = 30mm
0.5xls-x'+3Φ= L0= 81 mm
4Φ = 2 96mm Hence,max = 261mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 94.47475 mm Xumax = 125.28 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) 45241007.2 Nmm 45.2410072 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 96mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 1492.816011 > 565 Hence OK
Extend main bar 12mm dia bar 188.3333 say 188mm beyond the face of support
Adopted width of support 300mm > 213mm Width of Support is OK
**********************************************************************************************
Design of sunshade

Dimensions
Length of wall=l= 2.50m = 2500mm t1 0.10m
Breadth of wall=b= 0.30m = 300mm t2 0.025m
Length of room = L = 4.00m = 4000mm
Breadth of room =B = 2.50m = 2500mm
Clear cover = 0.015m 15mm
Width of Support 0.30m = 300mm
Opening of room = 3.00m 3000mm
Bearing of beam 0.30m 300mm
Length of chajja = 1.00m = 1000mm t= 0.11 m = 110mm
leff =l+d/2 1.055m 1055mm
Load
Dead load of chajja= =(lengthxtx1x25)= 2.750 KN/m
Dead load of water proofing = =(lengthx1xt2x20)= 0.5 KN/m
Live Load = LL = 1 KN/m
Total 4.250 KN/m 4.3KN/m
Factored Load Wu 6.45 KN/m 6450N/m
Torsional moment of sun shade is very small hence neglected.

Mu =Wl²/2 3.225 KNm = 3225 Nm

Vu = Wuxl 6.45 KNm = 6450 N

Assume depth of chajja = 0.110m 110mm using Pt%= 0.20%

Using 8mm dia bar & cover 19mm Mf1 = 1.68
Assumed d = 91mm for cantilver d = 89.711mm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) = 35.0mm < 91mm Hence OK
 Reinforcement calculations
Main bar
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 100.50952648 mm²
Using 8mm dia bar Spacing 499.8531 or 273mm or 300mm 273mm
Provide 8mm dia bar 270mm c/c
Ast Prov = 186.1mm² Pt prov 0.20% Ast min check
Ast min 109.2mm² Hence, OK
Check for Shear
The critical section of shear is at a distance d from face of support d= 91mm = 0.091m
VuD = Wul/2 = 6.45 KN = 6450.0N
Ƭv = 0.070879 N/mm²
k= 1.38
Ƭc = 0.31113 N/mm² kƬc = 0.429359
Ƭcmax = 2.8 N/mm²

Check for development length and anchorage

Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 377 mm
Vu = 6.45 KN 6450 N
d= 91mm Clear cover = 35mm
0.5xls-x'+3Φ= L0= 139 mm
12Φ = 96mm Hence,max = 139mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 9.33083951 mm Xumax = 43.68 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) 5852790.26 Nmm 5.85279026 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 139mm say 140mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 1179.772145 > 377 Hence OK
Check for cracking Short Span
Pt prov= 96 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = #REF! #REF! 3d 0 OK
Dia of bar = #REF! #REF! D/8 #REF! OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0% < 0.12% OK
Spacing = #REF! #REF! 3d 7.5 OK
Dia of bar = #REF! #REF! D/8 #REF! OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
#REF!

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
#REF!
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 110mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.38 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.5 M20 x1 x2
3 3 0.5 0.75
0.48
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.48 0.56
β= 0.75 M20 x y
γ= 4 3 0.72% 0.55099
δ= 0.56
λ=
 tao max value Tao c value
15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.15 M20 x1 x2
1 3 0.15 0.5
0.28
y1 y2
Interpolate 0.28 0.48
0.5 M20 x y
3 3 0.20% 0.31113
0.48

Max Depth of Nutral Axis

fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 #REF!
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
Ast min 1.3
#N/A 4
#N/A
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
Ast min 1.4
#N/A 5
#N/A
y1 #N/A x #REF!
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

alpha x
0 1.3
#N/A 4
#N/A
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
0 1.4
#N/A 5
#N/A
y1 #N/A x #REF!
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A
 alpha y
0 1.37802
#N/A #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
0 1.37802
#N/A #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x #REF!
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

alpha y
0 1.37802
#N/A #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
0 1.37802
#N/A #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Design of Singly reinforced beam
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M25 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe500 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 2.24 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.46
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.8068 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 3.340152 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions
Length of Beam=L= 4.00m = 4000mm Size of beam 250mm x 375.00mm
Breadth of beam =B= 0.250m = 250mm
Clear cover = 0.030m 30mm
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.25m = 250mm
Types of beam Fixed/Continuous
Using reinforcement. 16mm dia bar D Take 375mm 0.375m
Assumed deff = short span 337 or 0.337m
clear span /12 = 0.33333333 > 0.25m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 4.250 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 4.337 So lxeff = 4.250m

Assume D = 0.125m 125mm

Length of Slab=leffy= 4.250m 4250mm

Breadth of Slab =leffx= 0.000m 0mm
Effective span = 0.000m 0mm
l/d prov = 0.74183976 (IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39)
Now ,deff = 337mm = 0.337m

Load Wd = 3.125
Dead load = Wd = 3.150 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1.5 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.5 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 5.15 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.725 KN/m²
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = long span 75mm or 0.075m
 Moments calculations
Along short span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αx - = 0.024 -ve Moment 3.349KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αx + = 0.018 +ve Moment 2.51KNm
Along long span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αy - = #N/A -ve Moment #N/A

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αy + = #N/A +ve Moment #N/A Mulim = 3.79E+08 Nmm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) #N/A 337mm alng sh span 75mm
Dreq= #N/A How ever Adopted 125mm = 0.125m Hence #N/A
Reinforcement calculations
Along short span Ast min check
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 22.88631132 mm² Ast minx 404.40mm² Hence, NOTOK
17.158893145 mm² Ast minx 404.40mm² Hence, NOTOK
Along long span
Asty = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = #N/A mm² Ast min y 90.00mm² Hence, #N/A
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov x= 334.933333 mm² at short span Safe
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov y = 334.933333 mm² at long span Safe
Along short span
P% of Reinf. = 0.09938675 % 0.1 %
Along long span
P% of Reinf. = 0.09938675 % 0.1 %
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 36 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at dead end

Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 63 mm from the center of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at continued end and extend 84 mm

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection for short span
fs = 19.81597 N/mm² = 122 N/mm²
for 0.1 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1

So l/d actual 0.741839763 L/d allowable = 40xMF1x0.8 64 Hence OK

Check for Shear Short Span Shear is generally satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0 KN
Ƭv = 0 N/mm²
K= 0.85
Ƭc = 0.282
KƬc = 0.2397 > 0 Hence, Safe

Check for Shear Long Span

Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0 KN
Ƭv = 0 N/mm²
K= 0.85
Ƭc = 0.282
KƬc = 0.2397 > 0 Hence, Safe
Check for development length and anchorage
Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 777 mm
Vu = 0 KN
d= 337mm
12Φ = 192mm Hence,max = 337mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.09422222 mm Xumax = 153.680782 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 24304482 Nmm 24.3044825 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 337mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 777 Hence #DIV/0!

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.099386746 % < 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 < 3d 1011 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0.1 % < 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 > 3d 1.5 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
32

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
3.645635
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 375mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 0.85 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M25 x1 x2
2 4 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.36 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.1000% 0.282
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 0.0000m
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.3
13.0 4
0.076
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.4
13.0 5
0.08
y1 0.076 x 0.00m
y2 0.08 alphax y 0.024

alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.3
14.0 4
0.057
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.4
14.0 5
0.06
y1 0.057 x 0.00m
y2 0.06 alphax y 0.018
 alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 Percentage of reinforcement,Pt, by Mu/bd² singly reinforced M 20
415 500
0.3 0.085 0.07
0.35 0.099 0.082
0.4 0.114 0.094
0.45 0.128 0.106
0.5 0.143 0.119
0.55 0.158 0.131
0.6 0.172 0.143
0.65 0.187 0.156
0.7 0.202 0.168
0.75 0.218 0.181
0.8 0.233 0.193
0.85 0.248 0.206
0.9 0.264 0.219
0.95 0.279 0.232
1 0.295 0.245
1.05 0.311 0.258
1.1 0.327 0.271
1.15 0.343 0.285
1.2 0.359 0.298
1.25 0.376 0.312
1.3 0.392 0.325
1.35 0.409 0.339
1.4 0.426 0.353
1.45 0.442 0.367
1.5 0.459 0.381
1.55 0.477 0.396
1.6 0.494 0.41
1.65 0.512 0.425
1.7 0.529 0.439
1.75 0.547 0.454
1.8 0.565 0.469
1.85 0.583 0.484
1.9 0.602 0.499
1.95 0.62 0.515
2 0.639 0.53
2.02 0.646 0.537
2.04 0.654 0.543
2.06 0.662 0.549
2.08 0.669 0.556
2.1 0.677 0.562
2.12 0.685 0.568
2.14 0.693 0.575
2.16 0.7 0.581
2.18 0.708 0.588
2.2 0.716 0.594
2.22 0.724 0.601
2.24 0.732 0.607
2.26 0.74 0.614
2.28 0.748 0.621
 2.3 0.756 0.627
2.32 0.764 0.634
2.34 0.772 0.641
2.36 0.78 0.648
2.38 0.789 0.654
2.4 0.797 0.661
2.42 0.805 0.668
2.46 0.822 0.682
2.48 0.83 0.689
2.5 0.839 0.696
2.52 0.847 0.703
2.54 0.856 0.71
2.56 0.864 0.718
2.58 0.873 0.725
2.6 0.882 0.732
2.62 0.891 0.739
2.64 0.899 0.747
2.66 0.908 0.754
2.68 0.917
2.7 0.926
 Percentage of reinforcement,Pt, by Mu/bd² singly reinforced M 25 Percentage of rein
415 500 415
0.3 0.084 0.07 0.3 0.084
0.35 0.099 0.082 0.35 0.098
0.4 0.113 0.094 0.4 0.113
0.45 0.127 0.106 0.45 0.127
0.5 0.142 0.118 0.5 0.141
0.55 0.156 0.13 0.55 0.156
0.6 0.171 0.142 0.6 0.17
0.65 0.186 0.154 0.65 0.185
0.7 0.201 0.167 0.7 0.199
0.75 0.216 0.179 0.75 0.214
0.8 0.231 0.191 0.8 0.229
0.85 0.246 0.204 0.85 0.244
0.9 0.261 0.216 0.9 0.259
0.95 0.276 0.229 0.95 0.274
1 0.291 0.242 1 0.289
1.05 0.307 0.254 1.05 0.304
1.1 0.322 0.267 1.1 0.319
1.15 0.338 0.28 1.15 0.334
1.2 0.353 0.293 1.2 0.349
1.25 0.369 0.306 1.25 0.365
1.3 0.385 0.319 1.3 0.38
1.35 0.401 0.333 1.35 0.396
1.4 0.417 0.346 1.4 0.411
1.45 0.433 0.359 1.45 0.427
1.5 0.449 0.373 1.5 0.443
1.55 0.465 0.386 1.55 0.459
1.6 0.482 0.4 1.6 0.475
1.65 0.498 0.414 1.65 0.491
1.7 0.515 0.428 1.7 0.507
1.75 0.532 0.441 1.75 0.523
1.8 0.549 0.455 1.8 0.539
1.85 0.566 0.47 1.85 0.555
1.9 0.583 0.484 1.9 0.572
1.95 0.6 0.498 1.95 0.588
2 0.618 0.513 2 0.605
2.02 0.624 0.518 2.02 0.611
2.04 0.632 0.524 2.04 0.618
2.06 0.639 0.53 2.06 0.625
2.08 0.646 0.536 2.08 0.632
2.1 0.653 0.542 2.1 0.638
2.12 0.66 0.548 2.12 0.645
2.14 0.667 0.553 2.14 0.652
2.16 0.674 0.559 2.16 0.659
2.18 0.681 0.565 2.18 0.665
2.2 0.688 0.571 2.2 0.672
2.22 0.695 0.577 2.22 0.679
2.24 0.703 0.583 2.24 0.686
2.26 0.71 0.589 2.26 0.693
2.28 0.717 0.595 2.28 0.699
 2.3 0.724 0.601 2.3 0.706
2.32 0.732 0.607 2.32 0.713
2.34 0.739 0.613 2.34 0.72
2.36 0.746 0.62 2.36 0.727
2.38 0.754 0.626 2.38 0.734
2.4 0.761 0.632 2.4 0.741
2.42 0.769 0.638 2.42 0.748
2.46 0.784 0.65 2.46 0.762
2.48 0.791 0.657 2.48 0.769
2.5 0.799 0.663 2.5 0.776
2.52 0.806 0.669 2.52 0.783
2.54 0.814 0.675 2.54 0.79
2.56 0.821 0.682 2.56 0.797
2.58 0.829 0.688 2.58 0.804
2.6 0.837 0.694 2.6 0.812
2.62 0.844 0.701 2.62 0.819
2.64 0.852 0.707 2.64 0.826
2.66 0.86 0.714 2.66 0.833
2.68 0.868 2.68 0.84
2.7 0.875 2.7 0.848
Percentage of reinforcement,Pt, by Mu/bd² singly reinforced M 30
500
0.07
0.082
0.093
0.105
0.117
0.129
0.141
0.153
0.166
0.178
0.19
0.202
0.215
0.227
0.24
0.252
0.265
0.277
0.29
0.303
0.316
0.328
0.341
0.354
0.368
0.381
0.394
0.407
0.42
0.434
0.447
0.461
0.475
0.488
0.502
0.508
0.513
0.519
0.524
0.53
0.535
0.541
0.547
0.552
0.558
0.564
0.569
0.575
0.581
0.586
0.592
0.598
0.604
0.609
0.615
0.621
0.632
0.638
0.644
0.65
0.656
0.662
0.668
0.674
0.68
0.686
0.691
 Design of Two way slab corners restrained
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M25 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe500 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 2.24 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.46
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.8068 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 3.340152 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Dimensions
Length of Beam=L= 4.00m = 4000mm Size of beam 250mm x 375.00mm
Breadth of beam =B= 0.250m = 250mm
Clear cover = 0.030m 30mm
Width of Support at Left end 0.25m = 250mm
Width of Support at Right end 0.25m = 250mm
Types of beam Fixed/Continuous
Using reinforcement. 16mm dia bar D Take 375mm 0.375m
Assumed deff = short span 337 or 0.337m
clear span /12 = 0.33333333 > 0.25m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 4.250 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 4.337 So lxeff = 4.250m

Assume D = 0.125m 125mm

Length of Slab=leffy= 4.250m 4250mm

Breadth of Slab =leffx= 0.000m 0mm
Effective span = 0.000m 0mm
l/d prov = 0.74183976 (IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39)
Now ,deff = 337mm = 0.337m

Load Wd = 3.125
Dead load = Wd = 3.150 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1.5 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.5 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 5.15 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.725 KN/m²
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = long span 75mm or 0.075m
 Moments calculations
Along short span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αx - = 0.024 -ve Moment 3.349KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αx + = 0.018 +ve Moment 2.51KNm
Along long span
Condition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αy - = #N/A -ve Moment #N/A

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αy + = #N/A +ve Moment #N/A Mulim = 3.79E+08 Nmm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) #N/A 337mm alng sh span 75mm
Dreq= #N/A How ever Adopted 125mm = 0.125m Hence #N/A
Reinforcement calculations
Along short span Ast min check
Astx = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 22.88631132 mm² Ast minx 404.40mm² Hence, NOTOK
17.158893145 mm² Ast minx 404.40mm² Hence, NOTOK
Along long span
Asty = 0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = #N/A mm² Ast min y 90.00mm² Hence, #N/A
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov x= 334.933333 mm² at short span Safe
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov y = 334.933333 mm² at long span Safe
Along short span
P% of Reinf. = 0.09938675 % 0.1 %
Along long span
P% of Reinf. = 0.09938675 % 0.1 %
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 36 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at dead end

Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 63 mm from the center of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at continued end and extend 84 mm

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 572 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Check for limit state of serviceability for deflection for short span
fs = 19.81597 N/mm² = 122 N/mm²
for 0.1 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1

So l/d actual 0.741839763 L/d allowable = 40xMF1x0.8 64 Hence OK

Check for Shear Short Span Shear is generally satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0 KN
Ƭv = 0 N/mm²
K= 0.85
Ƭc = 0.282
KƬc = 0.2397 > 0 Hence, Safe

Check for Shear Long Span

Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0 KN
Ƭv = 0 N/mm²
K= 0.85
Ƭc = 0.282
KƬc = 0.2397 > 0 Hence, Safe
Check for development length and anchorage
Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 777 mm
Vu = 0 KN
d= 337mm
12Φ = 192mm Hence,max = 337mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.09422222 mm Xumax = 153.680782 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 24304482 Nmm 24.3044825 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 337mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 777 Hence #DIV/0!

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.099386746 % < 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 < 3d 1011 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0.1 % < 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 > 3d 1.5 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
12
13
S/S condition 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39
32

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
3.645635
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 375mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 0.85 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M25 x1 x2
2 4 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.36 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.1000% 0.282
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 0.0000m
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.3
13.0 4
0.076
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.4
13.0 5
0.08
y1 0.076 x 0.00m
y2 0.08 alphax y 0.024

alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.3
14.0 4
0.057
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.4
14.0 5
0.06
y1 0.057 x 0.00m
y2 0.06 alphax y 0.018
 alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01
 d'/d
Grade of st 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
250 217.5 217.5 217.5 217.5
415 355 352 342.4 329.1
500 424 411 395 370
 Design of staircase spanning horizontally
Design Constants
Grade of Concrete fck = M25 N/mm²
Grade of Steel Fy = Fe500 N/mm²
Per. Bond Stress Ƭbdperm = 2.24 N/mm² (IS 456-2000, cl 26.2.1.1)
K= Xumax/d 0.46
j= (1-0.42*k) 0.8068 Lever arm factor
Ru=0.36xfckx(Xu/d)*(1-0.42K) 3.340152 MR factor
Density of RCC 25 KN/m³

References
IS 456:2000
SP -16 1980

Step Dimensions
Going of staircase 3m 2750mm
Length of staircase 1.60m 1600mm
Rise =R = 0.15m = 150mm
Tread = T= 0.250m = 250mm
Clear cover = 0.025m 25mm
Thickness of Waist slab = t= 0.08m = 80mm
b=Sqrt(R²+T²) = 0.29m 292mm
Landing Length 1.25m 1250mm
No of Flight 2
No of Risers 12
No of Treads 11
Types of Staircase Landing slab spanned in the same direction as stairs
Effective length = 0
Bearing of landing 0.16

Total depth =D= 0.12m = 118mm

Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = short span 96 or 0.096m
clear span /12 = 0.02083333 < 0.08m Along shorter span
Clear span +c/c = 0.330 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 0.346 So lxeff = 0.330m
clear span /12 = 0.0125 < 0.12m Along longer span
Clear span +c/c = 0.267 ( IS 456-2000 pg 34 cl 22.2 (a) & (b) )
clear span+deff = 0.246 So lyeff = 0.246m
Effective span = 0.246m 246mm
Leffy/Leffx = 0.7455m so Twoway slab
Assume D = 0.125m 125mm
Length of Slab=leffy= 0.330m 330mm
Breadth of Slab =leffx= 0.246m 246mm
Effective span = 0.246m 246mm
 l/d prov = 2.60416667 (IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39)
Now ,deff = 96mm = 0.096m
Load Wd = 3.125
Dead load = Wd = 3.150 KN/m²
Live Load = LL = 1.5 KN/m²
Floor Finish FF= 0.5 KN/m²
Other 0 KN/m²
Total 5.15 KN/m²
Factored Load Wu 7.725 KN/m²
Using reinforcement. 8mm dia bar D Take 125mm 0.125m
Assumed deff = long span 88mm or 0.088m

Moments calculations
Along short span
ition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αx - = 0.053818182 -ve Moment 0.045KNm

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αx + = 0.040363636 +ve Moment 0.03KNm
Along long span
ition of Slab,neg. moment continuous edge 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg
αy - = #N/A -ve Moment #N/A

Condition of Slab,pos. moment mid 3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos

αy + = #N/A +ve Moment #N/A Mulim = 30782841 Nmm
dreq =√(Mu/Rub) #N/A 96mm alng sh span 88mm
Dreq= #N/A How ever Adopted 125mm = 0.125m Hence #N/A
Reinforcement calculations
Along short span Ast min check
Astx =
0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = 1.0849511081 mm² Ast minx 115.20mm² Hence, NOTOK
0.8136673343 mm² Ast minx 115.20mm² Hence, NOTOK
Along long span
Asty =
0.5fck/fy(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd²)bd = #N/A mm² Ast min y 105.60mm² Hence, #N/A
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov x= 334.933333 mm² at short span Safe
Provide 8mm dia bar 150 c/c Ast prov y = 334.933333 mm² at long span Safe
Along short span
P% of Reinf. = 0.34888889 % 0.35 %
Along long span
P% of Reinf. = 0.34888889 % 0.35 %
Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 36 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at dead end

Bent alternate bars of main reinf. Up at a distance of 63 mm from the center of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support at continued end and extend 84 mm

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 22 mm from the face of support
Continue the remaining half bars into the support

Bent alternate bars of dist reinf. Up at a distance of 22 mm from the face of support
 Continue the remaining half bars into the support

t state of serviceability for deflection for short span

fs = 0.939398 N/mm² = 122 N/mm²
for 0.35 % of steel
MF1 2
MF2 1
MF3 1

So l/d actual 2.604166667 L/d allowable = 40xMF1x0.8 64 Hence OK

Check for Shear Shear Short

is generally
Span satisfied in case of slab ,however check is below)
Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0.63345 KN
Ƭv = 0.006598 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.412
KƬc = 0.5562 > 0.00659844 Hence, Safe

Check for Shear Long Span

Take critical section as face of support
Vu = Wl/2 0.950175 KN
Ƭv = 0.009898 N/mm²
K= 1.35
Ƭc = 0.412
KƬc = 0.5562 > 0.00989766 Hence, Safe
Check for development length and anchorage
Ld = 0.87xfyxΦ/4Ƭbd = 389 mm
Vu = 0.63345 KN
d= 96mm
12Φ = 96mm Hence,max = 96mm
Xu = 0.87fyAst/0.36fckb = 8.09422222 mm Xumax = 43.7785016 Under Reinf
M1u = 0.87xfyAst(d-0.416xu) = 6748114 Nmm 6.74811447 KNm
For 1 no 90° Lo = 96mm say 100mm
1.3xMu/Vu+Lo 13848.94176 > 389 Hence OK

Check for cracking Short Span

Pt prov= 0.348888889 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 < 3d 288 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Check for cracking Long Span

Pt prov= 0.35 % > 0.12% OK
Spacing = 150 > 3d 1.5 OK
Dia of bar = 8mm < D/8 16mm OK

Provide extra top -ve bars @ 2 x mid span spacing in both direction
Provide top face binder @ 200 mm c/c in both directions to hold -ve bars
 tao bd permissible
M20 1.2 Ƭbddeveloped
M25 1.4 Vu/(nxperimeterxdj)
M30 1.5
M35 1.7 1
2
3
4
5
6
Width is less than span/12 7
Width is greater than span/12 8
9
10
11
Effective span of staircase supported on each end 12
X Y L in m L in mm 13
S/S condition <1 <1 14
15
Width is less than span/12 16
17

Landing slab spanned in the same direction as stairs

Unsupported at top and bottom by beams spanning parallel with risers
IS 456-2000 cl 24.1 pg 39 spanning in the edge of landing slab parallel to risers
32

15 250 Xu/d or k
Simply supported 20 415 fe250 0.53
Fixed/Continuous 25 500 fe415 0.48
Cantilever 30 500D fe500 0.46
35
A value 40
Cantilever 7
Simply supported 20
Fixed/Continuous 26

Mulim/Fckbd²
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133
500D 0.133

modification factor
1/(0.225+0.00322x200+0.625log(bd/100x376.80)
1.62562
K value for Slab
D >300 275 250 225 200 175 <150.00
1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3

Interpolation
x1 175 x 125mm y1 1.25
x2 <150.00 y 1.35 y2 1.3

tao max value Tao c value

15 2.5 1 2 3 4 5
20 2.8 %steel Grade of c M15 M20 M25 M30 M35
25 3.1 1 0.15 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29
30 3.5 2 0.25 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37
35 3.7 3 0.5 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.5 0.5
40 4 4 0.75 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.59
5 1 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67
6 1.25 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.71 0.73
7 1.5 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78
8 1.75 0.71 0.85 0.78 0.8 0.82
9 2 0.71 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.86
10 2.25 0.71 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.9
11 2.5 0.71 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93
12 2.75 0.71 0.82 0.9 0.94 0.96
13 3 0.71 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.99
0.25 M25 x1 x2
2 4 0.25 0.5
0.36
y1 y2
α= Interpolate 0.36 0.49
β= 0.5 M25 x y
γ= 3 4 0.3500% 0.412
δ= 0.49
λ=
Max Depth of Nutral Axis
fy Xm=0.0035/(.0055+0.87*fy/Es), Es= 200000 N/Sqmm
250 0.53 d
415 0.48 d
500 0.46 d
550 0.44 d
Limiting Moment of resistance MR = Const * b*d^2 N mm
Const= 0.36*fck*Xm(1-0.42*Xm)
Steel
Concrete Fe 250 Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550
15 2.229 2.067 1.991 1.949
20 2.972 2.755 2.655 2.598
25 3.715 3.444 3.318 3.248
30 4.458 4.133 3.982 3.897
35 5.201 4.822 4.645 4.547
 Short span coefficient

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Types of panel 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2 0.7455m
Interior panel -Neg 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.032
Interior panel -Pos 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024
1Sht edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
1Sht edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028
1 lng edge discnt-Neg 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
1 lng edge discnt-Pos 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028
2 adj edge discont-Neg 0.047 0.053 0.06 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
2 adj edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.055
2 sht edge discont-Neg 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.06 0.065 0.069 0
2 sht edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035
2 lng edge discont-Neg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
2 lng edge discont-Pos 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057 0.063 0.068 0.08 0.088 0.035
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 0
3 edges discont,1 long e 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043
3 edges discont,1 sht ed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.057
3 edges discont,1 sht edg 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
4 edges discont 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079 0.085 0.089 0.1 0.107 0.056
alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.3
13.0 4
0.076
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.4
13.0 5
0.08
y1 0.076 x 0.75m
y2 0.08 alphax y 0.053818

alpha x
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.3
14.0 4
0.057
x1 1.3
x2 1.4
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.4
14.0 5
0.06
y1 0.057 x 0.75m
y2 0.06 alphax y 0.040364
 alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Neg 1.37802
13.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.75m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

alpha y
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
x1 1.37802
x2 1.37802
3 edges discont,1 long edge cont-Pos 1.37802
14.0 #N/A
#N/A
y1 #N/A x 0.00m
y2 #N/A alphax y #N/A

6
M40
0.3
0.38
0.51
0.6
0.68
0.74
0.79
0.84
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.01