PHINMA – UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO

MAT052 – DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

APPLICATIONS
POPULATION GROWTH & DECAY 8. A bacteria culture is known to grow at a
1. CE Board Nov 2017 The 1986 disaster in rate proportional to the amount present.
the former Soviet Union at the Chernobyl After one hour, 1000 strands of the
nuclear power plant explosion sent about bacteria are observed in the culture, and
1000 kg of radioactive Cesium-137 into after 4 hours, 3000 strands. Find the
the atmosphere. The formula A = approximate number of strands of the
1000(0.5)^(t/30) models the amount (A in bacteria originally in the culture.
kg) of Cesium-137 remaining after t years A. 697 C. 695
in the area surrounding the Chernobyl. B. 694 D. 696
How many kilograms of Cesium-137 are
still in the atmosphere after 80 years? NEWTON’S LAW OF COOLING
A. 157.49 C. 147.49 9. CE Board May 2022 When a cake is removed
B. 167.49 D. 137.49 from a baking oven, its temperature is
measured at 300 °F. Three minutes later
2. CE Board May 2019 A germ population has a its temperature is 200 °F. Determine the
growth curve Pe^(0.4t). At what value of temperature of the cake at anytime after
t does its original value doubled? leaving the oven if the room temperature
A. 1.733 C. 1.737 is 70 °F. dT dt = k(T − 70)
B. 1.373 D. 1.377 A. T=70+230e^kt C. T=-70+230e^kt
B. T=70-230e^kt D. T=-70-230e^kt
3. CE Board May 2022 A fossilized bone is
found to contain 1/1000 of the initial 10.Suppose that the temperature of a cup of
amount of C-14 that the organism coffee obeys Newton’s Law of Cooling. If
contained while it was alive. Determine the coffee has a temperature of 90 °C
the approximate age of this fossil when when freshly poured and 1 minute later it
the half-life for C-14 is 5,730 years. has cooled to 85 °C in a room at 20 °C.
A. 57,100 C. 58,100 While waiting for a friend, determine the
B. 56,100 D. 55,100 time when the coffee reaches ap
temperature of 65 °C.
4. CE Board Nov 2019 We learned that radon- A. 5.55 min C. 6.59 min
22 decays according to the formula A = B. 5.96 min D. 6.55 min
Aoe −0.181t where t is expressed in days.
Find the material’s half-life. 11.A hard-boiled egg at 98°C is put in a
A. 3.83 days C. 5.83 days sink of 18°C water to cool. After 5
B. 4.83 days D. 2.83 days minutes, the egg’s temperature is found
to be 38°C. Assuming that the water has
5. CE Board May 2018 Strontium-90 is a waste not warmed appreciably, how much longer
product from nuclear reactors. As a will it take the egg to reach 20°C?
consequence of fallout from atmospheric A. 13 minutes C. 33 minutes
nuclear tests, we all have a measurable B. 23 minutes D. 43 minutes
amount of strontium-90 in our bones. The
half-life of strontium-90 is 28 years, 12.Bronzon was murdered in a hotel in
meaning that after 28 years a given Biringan City. His body was discovered in
amount of the substance will have decayed a hotel room at midnight and its
to half the original amount. Find the temperature was 80 °F. The temperature of
exponential decay model for strontium-90. the room is kept constant at 60 °F. Two
Suppose that a nuclear accident occurs hours later, the temperature of the
and releases 60 grams of strontium-90 corpse dropped to 75 °F. Find the time he
into the atmosphere. How long will it was murdered, assuming the normal
take for strontium-90 to decay to a level temperature of the body is 98.6 °F.
of 20 grams? A. 8.3524 C. 9.2151
A. 44.4 years C. 38.56 years B. 9.4156 D. 7.4288
B. 46.9 years D. 72.38 years
13.CE Board May 2019 Newton’s Law of cooling
6. CE Board May 2018 Given that the half- states that the rate at which an object
life of T of radium is 1690 years. How cool is directly proportional to the
much will remain of one gram of radium difference in the temperature between the
after 1000 years? object and its surrounding medium.
A. 0.6636 C. 0.6193 Newton’s law can be used to show that
B. 0.7535 D. 0.5405 under certain conditions the temperature
T (in °C) of an object at t (in hours) is
7. The population of a country doubles in 50 given T = 75e^(-2t). Express t as a
years. How many years will it be five function of T.
times as much? Assume that the rate of A. t=(1/2)ln(T/75) C. t=(-1/2)ln(T/75)
increase is proportional to the number of B. t=(2)ln(T/75) D. t=(-2)ln(T/75)
inhabitants.
A. 100 years C. 116 years
B. 120 years D. 98 years
PREPARED BY: ENGR. ARVIN J. BALGOS