PRETEST: Mathematical Reasoning 9

PRETEST

Answers and Solutions

Decimal Percent Fraction 8. D To be parallel, the slopes of the two
lines need to be equal, so the new
3 line is y = 7x + b. Since all points on
1. 0.03 3% 100 a line satisfy the equation, we can
substitute 5 for x and 10 for y to
2. 0.45 45% 9 get 10 = 7(5) + b and solve to find
20 b: 10 = 35 + b → 10 – 35 = b →
–25 = b. With b = –25, the equation
7 becomes y = 7x –25.
3. 0.467 46.7%
15 12
9. The denominator and numerator
32
1 2 3 2 5 are both multiplied by 4.
4. , , , ,
8 7 5 3 6
10. A (3 x + 4 )( x − 3) = 0 →
5. C C If only women are chosen, there 3 x + 4 = 0 or x − 3 = 0 →
are 7 ⋅ 6 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 4 ways to choose them,
but since the order in which they 3 x = −4 or x = 3 →
are chosen does not matter, divide
4
by the number of ways to arrange 4 x=– or x = 3
3
people: 4 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 1
Solving both for x gives the
7 ⋅ 6 ⋅5⋅ 4 answer.
= 35
4 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 2 ⋅1
6. C The discounts are stacked. The first 11. A Solving the equation in the
25% discount cuts the cost down question and the equations in
to 75%. The second discount of choices B and D for y, all produce
10% applies to the reduced price 1
and is worth only 7.5% of the y = x + b for different values
2
original price. Combined, the two of b, but they all have a slope
discounts add up to 32.5% off the 1
original price. m = , as does choice C. The
2
7. –A < –B Multiplying both sides of an 1
slope in choice A is – .
inequality by a negative number 2
changes the direction of the
inequality symbol. 12. B 3 x + 12 − 2 x > 2 x + 1− 2 x →
x + 12 > 1→
x + 12 − 12 > 1− 12 → x > −11

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 10 PRETEST: Mathematical Reasoning

PRETEST

13. C 23. C Only C violates the definition of

function: “for every x, there should
2 x • 3x + 2 x •1– 7 • 3x – 7 •1 = be no more than one value of y.”
6 x 2 + 2 x – 21x – 7 = 6 x 2 – 19 x – 7
24. B Markup = 0.45 • 120 = 54, selling
price = 120 + 54 = 174
1 3 2 4 3 8 11
14. A • + • = + =
4 3 3 4 12 12 12
25. A 2 • 3.5 2 + 3 • 2.25 3 = 2 • 12.25 +
15. C distance = –4 – 4 = –8 = 8 3 • 11.390625 = 24.5 + 34.171875 = 58.671875
24.5 + 34.171875 = 58.671875
16. B The volume is the area of the
base times the height. For a cube, 26. 1, 2, 3
this is just the length of a side
cubed. 27. right

V = (1.75) 3 = 5.359375 ≈ 5.36

28. D The quantity beneath the radical
sign must be nonnegative. Solving
17. 70% 100% – 30% = 70% x − 2 ≥ 0 (add 2 to both sides) gives
the answer.
0.25 n 0.25 n
18. 6 = → 18 • = 18 •
0.75 18 0.75 18 1 1 1
29. B A= bh = • 15 • 6 = • 90 = 45
1 2 2 2
→ 18 • = n → 6 = n
3
30. A Solve the given equation for y to
3 n 3 n find the slope of the given line:
19. 45 = → 150 • = 150 • 3 x + 4 y = 13 → 3 x + 4 y − 3 x =
10 150 10 150
→ 15 • 3 = n → 45 = n 13 − 3 x → 4 y = −3 x + 13 →
4 y −3 x + 13 3 13
= → y =− x+ ,
20. B 15 ÷ 3 = 5 4 4 4 4
21 3 7
3
3 4 3 4 so m = − .
21. B = → 5n • = 5n • → 4
5 n 5 n A perpendicular line has a slope
20 2 that is the negative reciprocal, so
= 6 , and
its slope is 4 .
3n = 20 → n =
3 3 3
2 2
6 –5=1
3 3 31. C p = 2l + 2h = 2 • 660 + 2 • 330 = 1320 + 660 = 1980
p = 2l + 2h = 2 • 660 + 2 • 330 = 1320 + 660 = 1980
22. D The subtraction must be set up as
4x + 7 − (−7x + 2). Change the signs
of the second polynomial and add:
4x + 7 + 7x − 2 = 11x + 5

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 PRETEST: Mathematical Reasoning 11

PRETEST

4
32. C x 5–3 = x 2 38. 3 4 2 4
162 = 4 3 • 3 • 3 • 3 • 2 = 34 • 4 2 = 3 4 2
4
7.4 2
4
2
162 = 4 3 • 3 • 3 • 3 • 2 = 34 • 4 2 = 3 4 2
33. B r= = 3.7 V = πr h = π • 3.7 • 11 =
2
V = πr 2 h = π • 3.72 • 11 = 3.14 • 13.69 • 11 ≈ 473 39. Yes Every vertical line crosses the graph
no more than once.

34. D f ( –2) = 5( –2)2 – 7( –2) + 4 = 5 • 4 + 14 + 4 = 20 + 18 = 38

40. D ( x + 2)( x + 2) = x • x + 2 x + 2 x + 2 • 2 = x 2 + 4 x + 4
f ( –2) = 5( –2)2 – 7( –2) + 4 = 5 • 4 + 14 + 4 = 20 + 18 = 38
( x + 2)( x + 2) = x • x + 2 x + 2 x + 2 • 2 = x 2 + 4 x + 4
1 1 1
35. C x −3 = = =−
x 3
( − 2)3
8 41. B Today’s price is 117%, or 1.17 times
the original. Divide today’s price by
36. y 1.17 to get $158,120.
10
8 42. A
6
4 The least common denominator is 4xy.
2
x 2x + 2 2y 3x − 7
–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 10
x • − • =
x 4y 2y 2x
–2
2 x 2 + 2 x 6 xy − 14 y
–4 − =
4 xy 4 xy
–6
2 x 2 + 2 x − 6 xy + 14 y x 2 + x − 3 xy + 7 y
–8 =
8 xy 2 xy
–10

43. m = 3, b = 4

37. A 6 x 2 + 8 x (2 x )(3 x + 4 ) 3 x + 4 The equation is in slope-intercept form,

= =
2x2 (2 x )( x ) x y = mx + b .

44. C For a blue marble, the probability

12 2
is , or .
18 3

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 12 PRETEST: Mathematical Reasoning

PRETEST

45. mean = 4.8, mode = 6, median = 5 46. D ( x − 6 )( x + 1) = 0 → x − 6 = 0 or

mean = 5 + 3 + 6 + 4 + 6 + 2 + 8 + 2 + 6 + 3 + 6 + 9 + 1+ 4 + 7 x + 1 = 0 → x = 6 or x = −1
15

72
= = 4.8
15
sorted data: {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9}
mode = 6
median = 5

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 PRETEST: Mathematical Reasoning 13

PRETEST

Evaluation Chart
Circle the item number of each problem you missed. To the right of the item numbers, you will find the
chapters that cover the skills you need to solve the problems. More problem numbers circled in any row
means more attention is needed to sharpen those skills for the GED® test.

Item Numbers Chapter

15, 27 1. Whole Numbers and Integers
32, 35, 38 2. Exponents, Roots, and Properties of Numbers
1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14 3. Fractions and Operations
1, 2, 3 4. Decimal Numbers and Operations
18, 19, 20, 21 5. Ratios, Rates, and Proportions
1, 2, 3, 6, 24, 41 6. Percents and Applications
45 7. Statistics
5, 17, 44 8. Probability and Counting
16, 29, 31, 33 9. Geometry
13, 22, 25, 37, 40, 42 10. Polynomial and Rational Expressions
7, 10, 12, 26, 46 11. Solving Equations and Inequalities
8, 11, 30, 36, 43 12. Graphing Equations
23, 28, 34, 39 13. Functions

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