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Q II Nikolai Week 4

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30 views4 pages

Q II Nikolai Week 4

Uploaded by

Wilmer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grade

11

TVL-IA
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING
NCI

QUARTER II – Module 4-Week 4

WELD CARBON STEELPLATE USING SMAW

1
Striking an Arc
(12LB IIa-e1) week 4 Quarter II OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify The methods of striking an Arc
2. Apply the Process of striking an arc according to welding procedures and standard.

PREPARED BY:

WILMER J. DIRECTO SHS-TEACHER


PRE-TEST
The American Welding Society defines SMAW as Shielded Metal Arc
Welding SMAW:
Is commonly known as ‘Stick’ welding or manual arc welding Is the most widely used arc welding process
in the world be used to weld most common metals and alloys

SMAW Welding Circuit


• Current flows through the electrode cable, to the electrode holder, through the electrode, and across the
arc
• On the work side of the arc, the current flows through the base material to the work clamp and back to the
welding machine SMAW Process
1- The Electrode
• Is a consumable - it gets melted during the welding process
• Is composed of two parts
– Core Rod (Metal Filler)
▪ Carries welding current
▪ Becomes part of the weld
– Flux Coating
▪ Produces a shielding gas
▪ Can provide additional filler
▪ Forms a slag
2- The Arc
• An arc occurs when the electrode comes in contact with the work-piece and completes the circuit … like
turning on a light!
• The electric arc is established in the space between the end of the electrode and the work
• The arc reaches temperatures of 10,000°F which melts the electrode and base material
3- Weld Puddle
• As the core rod, flux coating, and work pieces heat up and melt, they form a pool of molten material called
a weld puddle
• The weld puddle is what a welder watches and manipulates while welding
4- Shielding Gas
• A shielding gas is formed when the flux coating melts.
• This protects the weld puddle from the atmosphere preventing contamination during the molten state
5- Solidified Weld Metal
• As the molten weld puddle solidifies, it forms a joint or connection between two pieces of base material
• When done properly on steel, it results in a weld stronger than the surrounding base metal
6- Slag
• Slag is a combination of the flux coating and impurities from the base metal that float to the surface of the
weld.
2
• Slag quickly solidifies to form a solid coating
• The slag also slows the cooling rate of the weld
• The slag can be chipped away and cleaned with a wire brush when hard Striking an Arc
• To begin the SMAW Process, you must first strike an arc. This can be done using one of the following
techniques:
– Scratch start – scratch the electrode on the base metal like a match
Tap Start – tap the rod against the base metal

Work Angle
• The work angle is the angle between the electrode and the work as depicted on the left
• Work angles can vary depending on the position the weld is being made in

Travel Angle
• Also commonly called Lead Angle
• The travel (lead) angle is the angle between the electrode and the plane perpendicular to the weld axis

Arc Length
• After striking the arc, maintain a 1/8” distance between the electrode and the workpiece
– If the arc length becomes too short, the electrode will get stuck to the workpiece or ‘short out’
– If the arc length becomes too long; spatter, undercut, and porosity can occur
Travel Speed
• The travel speed is the speed at which the electrode moves along the base material while welding
– Too fast of a travel speed results in a ropey or convex weld
– Too slow of a travel speed results in a wide weld with an excessive metal deposit
Filling the Crater
• At the end of the weld, the operator breaks the arc which creates a ‘crater’
• Use a short pause or slight back step at the end of the weld to fill the crater
• Large craters can cause weld cracking
Restarting a Bead
• Here is the proper technique for restarting a weld:

3
Reference:

1.CBLM, TESDA
2.Welding Technology, Second Edition by Gower A. Kennedy 3. Welding Inspection Technology, Education
Department, American welding Society
4.Welding Principles and Application by Larry Jeffus and Harold
V. Johnson

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