Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ Fundamental types of R/C slabs

- R/C slabs are classified as given below (e.g., Ersoy, 1995; Celep 2019;
Doğangün, 2021):
• Solid slabs with beams,
582052005401401
→ one-way solid slabs with beams,
→ two-way solid slabs with beams,
Reinforced Concrete II • Flat slabs (w/o beams),
→ w/o drop panels and column heads,
→ w/o column heads,
Lecture Notes
-Week #3- → w/o drop panels,
→ with drop panels and column heads,
• Ribbed slabs,
→ one-way ribbed slabs w/o infills,
→ one-way joist-floor,
→ two-way ribbed slabs,

Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

drop panel column headings

exterior beam floor slab beam

floor slab
interior beams

flat slab w/o beams flat slab w/o beams

two-way solid slab w/ beams (w/o column headings) (w/o drop panels)
one-way solid slab w/ beams
floor side side ribs
slab beam rib
rib

drop panel primary ribs

column lateral rib
headings one-way ribbed slab w/o infills one-way ribbed slab w/o infills
(w/o lateral rib) (with lateral rib)
flat slab w/o beams flat slab w/o beams
(w/o drop panels&column headings) (w/ drop panels&column headings)

two-way ribbed slab

(w/ beams)

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Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ Selection of a proper slab system ➢ Selection of a proper slab system

- Factors that effect the selection of proper slab system are summarized - Factors that effect the selection of proper slab system are summarized
below: below (cont’d):
• Construction cost • Type and level of loading
→ Low formwork cost&amount of material → High level of loads, point loading, additional vibrations depending
• Span length&level of live loads on mechanical equipments, infill wall loads, …
• Level of seismicity
Type Preferable (e.g. economical)
→ Solid slab systems with beams are suitable for seismic regions (!!
Span length [m] Live load [kN/m2]
recommendations in current standards must be considered),
One-way solid slabs w/ beams 3~6 1.25~2.00
→ Limitations are available for several slab systems (e.g. one-way
Two-way solid slabs w/ beams 6~9 1.25~2.50
joist floors) in current standards (e.g. TBEC-2018),
Flat slabs w/o drop
panels&column headings
6~9 1.50~2.50 → Weight of slab system should be considered,
Flat slabs w/ column headings 6~9 1.50~3.00 → Availability of shear walls (e.g. flat slabs w/o beams are not suitable
One-way ribbed slabs 6~9 1.50~2.50 for a structural system w/o shear walls).
Two-way ribbed slabs 9~14 1.50~3.00

Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ Selection of a proper slab system ➢ Selection of a proper slab system

- Factors that effect the selection of proper slab system are summarized - Two fundamental cases are considered in design of R/C slabs:
below (cont’d): • Bearing capacity of the member
• Purpose of utilization of a structure → Seismic actions, inadequate level of design, long-spans, …
• Changes in structural type for use
• Equipments/devices to be located on a slab
→ Slab system should be design with adequate level of rigidity.
figure from: Ulaeto et al. (2022)
• Availability of cantilever members
• Serviceability limit state
→ Ex: Flat slabs w/o beams are not suitable to be designed as long-
→ Excessive deflection, vibration → slab thickness
span&heavy cantilever members..
→ Excessive cracking → slab reinforcement

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Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ Selection of a proper slab system ➢ Factors to be considered in analysis

- A typical labelling approach - Fundamental factors that should be considered in analyzing a slab system
1
S01 S02
for slab notations: are summarized below:
• Support conditions

3m
S01
slab number discontinuous side
2 slab (based on its
S03 S04
type)
free end

4m
S101
3
slab number continuous sides
(based on its
5m 5m number of story • Slabs having a different surface level
type)
A B C
S01
S02 -0.15
An assumption in
S01 -0.15 especially for slabs practice:
hf=150
having different discontinuous sides
surface level

Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ Factors to be considered in analysis ➢ General design procedures for R/C slabs

- Fundamental factors that should be considered in analyzing a slab system - Fundamental actions to be considered in R/C slab design are given below:
are summarized below (cont’d): Stresses→normal & shear
• Continuity conditions for a slab Internal forces→bending moment & shear force & torsional moment
- In general, reinforcements considered based on bending actions are
calculated for both negative (i.e. at supports) and positive (i.e. at spans)
bending moment values. Depending on the level of bending moments,
cantilever tensional R/Fs are placed at bottom along short side direction (e.g. To
exterior span interior spans
consider the effective height in calculations).
• Side ratio - Selecting a proper thickness for a slab is useful to prevent the slab against
𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑙 ls: Short-side of the slab shear actions (!! be careful for punching effect).
𝑚= =
𝑙𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑠 ll: Long-side of the slab - Constructive torsional R/Fs can be placed at slab sides to consider the
torsional effects.
• Type of loading
- Additional checks and design details should be considered for the
buildings having A2 (i.e. floor discontinuities) and A3 (i.e. projections in
plan) type irregularities, especially.

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Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

Example#1 ➢ One-way solid slab with beams

ls

S01 S02 S03 Define the support conditions for 𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑙

𝑚= = >2
slabs represented in a typical 𝑙𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑠
floor plan using proper figures.

ll
ls: Short-side of the slab
S04 S05 S06
Notes: ll: Long-side of the slab
- All slab surface levels (SSL)
S07 S08 S09 are assumed to be equal (i.e. 0.00
elevation) except S03 slab
(Assume SSLS03 as -0.20m).

• Tensional R/F calculation→along short side direction

• Secondary R/F should be added along long side direction
w/o R/F design.
for temperature
and shrinkage
effects

Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ One-way solid slab with beams ➢ One-way solid slab with beams
• An approximate shear design approach; • Unless a detailed modeling procedure is considered, continuous
beam theorem is utilized to design one-way slabs under distributed
Vd < Vcr=0.65*fctd*b*d First alternative: loads;
Select a proper
Vd : Design shear force
slab thickness one-way slabs
Vcr : Cracking strength for shear
ll
𝑙𝑠𝑛
At interior support of exterior span in continuous slabs→ 𝑉𝑑 = 1.15𝑝𝑑 use βm coefficients to
2
ls1 ls2 ls3 calculate the approximate
𝑙𝑠𝑛
At interior support of continuous slabs&single-span slabs→ 𝑉𝑑 = 𝑝𝑑 lsn1 lsn2 lsn3 bending moments (TS500)
2
At support cantilever slabs→ 𝑉𝑑 = 𝑝𝑑 𝑙𝑠𝑛
M1
- - - - ls1= ls2= ls3= l
+ + +
1
M2 M= 𝑝 𝑙2
𝛽𝑚 𝑑

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Analysis&design of slabs: One-way solid slab with beams-I/II

➢ One-way solid slab with beams

• Conditions to be satisfied for analyzing the one-way slabs with
beams via βm coefficients are summarized below:
𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,𝑞
i) <2
𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,𝑔

ii) Two spans should be available at least,

iii) The ratio between smaller to higher span lengths of two adjacent
slabs should be ≥ 0.8,

iv) Loads should be vertical and uniform.

1 pd: Design load for slab

M= 𝑝 𝑙2
𝛽𝑚 𝑑 l: Span length

If ls1≠ ls2 or pd1≠ pd2

l=(ls1+ ls2)/2 pd=(pd1+ pd2)/2