LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

MATHEMATICS 9
Quarter 1 Week 1
Learner’s Name: _____________________________________
Grade Level & Section: _____________ Date: ______________

L I. LEARNING SKILLS

After performing the activities of this learning activity sheet, I can:

 illustrate quadratic equations, and
 solve quadratic equations by: (a) extracting the square roots; (b) factoring; (c)
completing the square; and (d) using the quadratic formula.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Lesson 1: ILLUSTRATING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Study the given examples of linear and quadratic equations below. How does the two sets of
equations differ?

LINEAR EQUATION QUADRATIC EQUATION

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

Note that a linear equation is an equation of degree 1 and in a form of ax + b = 0.

A quadratic equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of degree 2 that

has a standard form of , where a, b and c are real numbers and
.

Among the equations above, which are in standard form? Why?

is in the form of .
In , .

Example 1 The given 3x2 + 2x = 4 is a quadratic equation, however, it is not written in

standard form.

Equate
-4 -4
Add both sides of the
equation by -4

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The standard form of is where .

Example 2 Write 3x (x – 2) = 10 in standard form.

Multiply ( ) by
using Distributive Property of +10 +10
Add both sides of
Multiplication .
the equation by 10
The standard form of ( ) is where

Example 3 Write (4x + 2) (2x – 3) = -5 in standard form.

Multiply ( )( )
by FOIL method +5 5
Add both sides of
. the equation by 5
.

The standard form of ( )( ) is where

When 𝒃 𝟎 in the standard form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒃𝒙 𝒄 𝟎, it results to a

quadratic equation of the form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒄 𝟎.
𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒄 𝟎 → 𝒙𝟐 𝒄

𝒂
→ 𝒙𝟐 𝒌 where 𝑘 𝑐
𝑎

When c = 0 in the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0, it results to a quadratic

equation of the form ax2 + bx = 0.

Lesson 2: SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY EXTRACTING THE SQUARE ROOT

Extracting square roots is one method in solving a quadratic equation in

the form of 𝒂𝒙𝟐 𝒄 𝟎 or 𝒙𝟐 𝒌

1. If k > 0, then x2 = k has two real solutions or roots: x = ± 𝑘

2. If k = 0, then x2 = k has one real solution or root: x = 0
3. If k < 0, then x2 = k has no real solutions or roots.
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 Example 1 Find the roots of –

Solution Explanation
– Given
Add both sides of the equation by 16
√ Extract both sides of the equation.
Find the square root of 16. (What number is to be
x=±4
raised to the second power is 16?)

To check, substitute these values in the original equation.

If x = 4: If x = -4:

x2 – 16 = 0 x2 – 16 = 0
42 – 16 = 0 (-4)2 – 16 = 0
16 – 16 = 0 16 – 16 = 0
0=0 0=0

Roots of x2 – 16 = 0: 4 and -4.

Example 2 Solve:

Solution Explanation
2
2p = 18 Given equation

p2 = 9 Divide both sides of the equation by 2

p= Extract both sides of the equation.

p=±3 Extract the square root.

To check, substitute these values in the original equation.

If p = 3: If p = -3:

2p2 = 18 2p2 = 18
2(3)2 = 18 2(-3)2 = 18
2(9) = 18 2(9) = 18
18 = 18 18 = 18

Solution of equation 2p2 = 18: are 3 and -3.

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 Lesson 3: SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY FACTORING
Some quadratic equations can be solved easily by factoring. To solve such quadratic
equations, the following procedure can be followed.

1. Transform the quadratic equation into standard form if necessary.

2. Factor the quadratic expression.
3. Apply the zero-product property by setting each factor of the quadratic
expression equal to zero.
4. Solve each resulting equation.
5. Check the values of the variable obtained by substituting each in the
original equation.

Zero as a Product Property

If the product of two real numbers is zero, then one of its

factors is zero.
For two real numbers, 𝒂 and 𝒃, if 𝒂𝒃 𝟎 then 𝒂 𝟎 or 𝒃 𝟎.

Example 1 Solve x2+ 9x = -8 by factoring.

Solution Explanation
Given
Standard form of
( )( ) Factor
Zero as a Product Property
Solve for of each resulting equation

To check:

If 𝑥 :
If 𝑥 :
𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
–7
–

Roots of

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Example 2
Solve 9x2 – 4 = 0 by factoring.
To solve the equation, factor the quadratic expression 9x2 – 4.

– ( )( – )
1. Equate each factor to 0.
3x + 2 = 0; 3x – 2 = 0
2. Solve each resulting equation.

𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 – – 𝑥–
𝑥 𝑥
3𝑥 3𝑥
= =
3 3 3 3
x= x=3
3

To check:

If x = If x =
3 3

𝑥 𝑥
9( )2 – 4 = 0 9( )2 – 4 = 0
3 3
4 4
9( ) – 4 = 0 9( ) – 4 = 0
9 9
4–4=0 4–4=0
0=0 0=0
Writing the solutions in a solution set, we have

x={ , }.

Lesson 4: SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY COMPLETING THE SQUARE

Completing the square is a method of solving quadratic equations that

involves transforming the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑐 into the form
(𝑥 – ℎ) 𝑘, where 𝑘 ≥ .
Perfect square trinomial is a trinomial where the first and the last terms
are perfect squares, and the middle term is twice the product of the square roots
of the two terms.

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 Example 1: Solve by completing the square

Write the constant on the right side of the equation

Add both sides of the equation by a number which is

the square of ( of the middle term), → ( ) →

( ) Factor the perfect square trinomial as the square of a

binomial →( )
Extract the square of both sides.
Solve for x.

To check: ( ) ( )–
– – –

( ) ( )–
– –

The solution set of { }

In the second example, if the coefficient of x2 in the given equation is not one, use
the property of equality to find an equivalent in which the coefficient of x 2 is 1. To solve the
equation 3x2 -6x = 4, divide each term by 3 before completing the square.
Now let us study example number 2.

Example 2. Solve 3x2-6x = 4 by completing the square

( )
Multiply both sides of the equation by 3.
4
x2 - 2x =
3
4
x2 – 2x + 1 = +1
3
2 ( ) → →
x - 2x + 1 =
3

Factor x2 - 2x + 1 as the square of a

(x – 1)2=
3 binomial

x–1=±√
3
Extract both sides of the equation.
x – 1 =√ or x – 1 =√
3 3

x = √ and x =1– √ + 1 Solve for x

3 3

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 Lesson 5: SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY QUADRATIC FORMULA

Quadratic Formula

Quadratic Formula is used to find the solutions for any quadratic equations.
This is the general formula that can be used to find the roots or solutions of the
quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0. The quadratic formula is

𝑏 𝑏 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥 .
𝑎

If a quadratic equation is in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, you can use the values for a, b,
and c to find the solutions for the equation; that is, you can find those values of x that make
the equation true by using the Quadratic Formula.

Example 1: Find the solutions of 2x2 + 3x = 2 using the quadratic formula.

2x2 + 3x = 2
Write the equation in standard form.
2x2 + 3x –2 = 0
2x2 + 3x – 2 = 0
Determine the values of a, b, and c.
a = 2; b = 3; c = -2
4
X
Substitute the values of a,
√( ) ( )( ) b, and c in the quadratic formula
( )
Solve the equation.

3 5 3 5
= =
4 4 4 Solve for x.

When x = When x = -2
2x2 + 3x = 2
2x2 + 3x = 2 Check the solutions obtained from the
2( )2 + 3( ) =2
2( )2 + 3( ) = 2 equation 2x2 + 3x = 2.
2( ) - 6 = 2
3
2( ) + =2 =2
4
3 2=2
+ =2
2=2

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 III. ACTIVITIES

PRACTICE TASK 1
Identify Me!
I. Write the quadratic equation in standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0 and identify the
values of a, b and c.

Given Equation Standard form a b c

1. x2 – 7x + 10 = 0

2. 4m2 + 8m = 3

3. y2 = 64

4. (x - 7) (x + 2) = 0

5. (x + 4)2 – 11= 0

C
PRACTICE TASK 2
Identify Me!
II. Solve the given quadratic equations by extracting the square root (Number 1 to 2);
by factoring (Number 3-4) and by completing the square (#5). Provide an extra sheet for
your solutions.

Quadratic Equation Solution/s Answer

1. a2 = 49

2. 2s2 = 32

3.

4. p2 – 12p = 13

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 5.

PRACTICE TASK 3
Identify Me!
The rectangle below represents the floor area of the whole house which is ( 7)( )
. What is the value of if we let be the length of the side of a bedroom? Show your
solutions on the space below.

Answer the questions that follow.

Solution:

Answer these questions.

1. How did you solve the equation?

_________________________________________________________________________
2. Is it acceptable to have two answers for the word problem? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE TASK 4
Identify Me!
Answer the following questions.
1. How do you use quadratic formula in solving quadratic equation? Give the
complete procedure.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________
2. Do you think solving quadratic equations using quadratic formula is more
appropriate to use in solving quadratic equation? Justify your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. How would you connect solving quadratic equations to real life? How would you
use this in making decisions?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

ASSESSMENT

Direction: Select the best answer among the choices given and write only the letter on the
space provided.
____1. Which of the following is NOT a quadratic equation?
a. c. ( )
b. 7( )( ) d.
____2. What is the other root of if one of the roots is 1?
3 3
a. b. c. d.
3 3
____3. What are the roots of a quadratic equation
a. and c. and
b. and d. and
____4. What method is the most appropriate in solving ?
a. Extracting the roots c. Factoring
b. Completing the square d. Quadratic Formula
____5. Which of the following equations can be solved best by Quadratic Formula?
a. c.
b. ( )( ) d. all of the above

OUTSTANDING SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING

(5) (4) (3) (2)
Includes correct
Includes correct
computation. Includes basic Computation
computation.
Shows at last two computation. shows no
Computation Show multiple
correct Some are evidence of
computational
computational incorrect. understanding.
approaches
approaches
Excellent Minimal
Understands the Attempts but
Understanding understanding of understanding of
problem. demonstrates no
the problem. the problem understanding of
Shows and

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 explains more the problem.
than the problem
asks.
Some of the Few to none of
All of the answers Most of the
Accuracy answers are the answers are
are correct answers are correct
correct correct.
All of the items Some of the Students did not
Most of the items
Completion answered items answered answer any
answered complete
complete complete items

V. REFERENCES

 DepEd Materials: Mathematics Learner’s Material 9 – Page 11 - 55

 Oronce, Orlando A., et al. Worktext in Mathematics for Second Year High School E-Math,
Intermediate Algebra Rex Book Store Inc. 2007
 Self-Learning Module in Mathematics 9, Modules 1 to 5.

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ANSWER KEY:
Practice Task 1

Given Standard form a b c

1.x2 – 7x + 10 = 0 x2 – 7x + 10 = 0 1 -7 10
2 2
2.4m + 8m = 3 4m + 8m – 3 = 0 4 8 -3
2
3. y = 64 1 0 -64
2
x +2x – 7x – 14 = 0
4.(x - 7) (x + 2) = 0 1 -5 -14
x2 - 5x – 14 = 0
(x + 4)2 – 11 = 0
5( ) X2 +8x + 16 - 11 = 0 1 8 5
2
X +8x + 5 = 0

Practice Task 2

Quadratic Equation Solution/s Answer

1. a2 = 49 7 and -7

( )
2. 2s2 = 32 4 and -4

3. ( )( )

4. p2 – 12 = 13

5.

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Practice Task 3

Given: ( 7)( )

Solution: 7

( )( )

1. Answers may vary.

2. 4 is the right value because it is positive. Thus, the other root which is -8 cannot be
accepted as value of x.

Practice Task 4

Items 1 to 3. Answers may vary.

ASSESSMENT
1. d 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. b

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