Motion Class 9 Extra Questions Science Chapter 8
Motion Class 9 Extra Questions Science Chapter 8
SOLU 7 8 9 10 11 12
Learn CBSE
ADVERTISEMENT
Question 1.
The phenomenon of motion was placed on a
sound scientiFc footing by two scientists. Write
their names.
Answer:
Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton.
Question 2.
Are rest and motion absolute or relative terms?
Answer:
They are relative terms.
Question 3.
Suppose a ball is thrown vertically upwards from a
position P above the ground. It rises to the highest
point Q and returns to the same point P. What is
the net displacement and distance travelled by the
ball?
Answer:
Displacement is zero. Distance is twice the
distance between position P and Q.
Question 4.
Which speed is greater: 30 m/s or 30 km/h?
Answer:
30 m/s
Question 5.
What do you mean by 2 m/s2?
Answer:
The velocity of the body increases by 2 m/s after
every second.
Question 6.
Can uniform linear motion be accelerated?
Answer:
No
Question 7.
DeFne one radian.
Answer:
It is the angle which is subtended at the centre by
an arc having a length equal to the radius of the
circle.
Question 8.
What is the relation between linear velocity and
angular velocity?
Answer:
Linear velocity = Angular velocity × Radius of
circular path.
Question 9.
Give an example when we infer the motion
indirectly.
Answer:
We infer the motion of air by observing the
movement of dust particles or leaves and
branches of trees, or simply by feeling the blowing
air on our face.
Question 10.
What is essential to describe the position of an
object?
Answer:
We need to specify a reference point called the
origin.
Question 11.
What is the simplest type of motion?
Answer:
Motion in a straight line.
Question 12.
What indicates the motion of the earth?
Answer:
The phenomenon like day and night indicates the
motion of the earth.
Question 13.
If the displacement of a body is zero, is it
necessary that the distance coyered by it is also
zero?
Answer:
No. When the body comes back to the same
position after travelling a distance, its
displacement is zero though it has travelled some
distance.
Question 14.
Can the displacement be greater than the
distance travelled by an object?
Answer:
No, it is always either equal to or less than the
distance travelled by the object.
Question 15.
When do the distance and displacement of a
moving object have the same magnitude?
Answer:
The magnitude of distance and displacement of a
moving object are same when the object moves
along the same straight line in the same Fxed
direction.
Question 16.
Does the speedometer of a car measure its
average speed?
Answer:
No. It measures its instantaneous speed.
Question 17.
A body is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. If the
motion is uniform, what will be the velocity after
10 s?
Answer:
As the motion is uniform, the velocity remains 10
m/s after 10 s.
Question 18.
Can a body have constant speed but variable
velocity?
Answer:
Yes, e.g. a body in uniform circular motion has
constant speed but due to the change in the
direction of motion, its velocity changes at every
point.
Question 19.
When is the acceleration taken as negative?
Answer:
Acceleration is taken as negative if it is in the
direction opposite to the direction of velocity.
Question 20.
What is uniform acceleration?
Answer:
Acceleration of an object is said to be uniform if it
travels in a straight line and its velocity increases
or decreases by equal amounts in equal intervals
of time.For example, motion of a freely falling
body.
Question 21.
Give an example of non-uniform acceleration.
Answer:
A car is travelling along a straight road increases
its speed by unequal amounts in equal intervals of
time.
Question 22.
How are the distances travelled by an object
related to the time taken when an object travels
equal distances in equal intervals of time?
Answer:
In this case, distance travelled by the object is
directly proportional to the time taken.
Question 23.
What would be acceleration of a body if its
velocity-time graph is a line parallel to the time
axis?
Answer:
Zero, as the body possesses uniform velocity.
Question 24.
Is the motion of a body uniform or accelerated if it
goes round the sun with constant speed in a
circular orbit?
Answer:
It is accelerated, as its velocity changes due to
change in direction.
Question 2.
How can we describe the location of an object?
Answer:
To describe the position of an object we need to
specify a reference point called the origin.
For example, suppose that a library in a city is 2
km north of the railway station. We have speciFed
the position of the library with respect to the
railway station i.e., in this case, the railway station
acts as the reference point.
Question 3.
What do you mean by average speed? What are
its units?
Answer:
Average speed is deFned as the average distance
travelled per unit time and is obtained by dividing
the total distance travelled by the total time taken.
The unit of average speed is the same as that of
the speed, that is, ms-1.
Question 4.
What is the difference between uniform velocity
and non-uniform velocity?
Answer:
Uniform velocity: An object with uniform velocity
covers equal distances in equal intervals of time in
a speciFed direction, e.g., an object moving with
speed of 40 kmh-1 towards west has uniform
velocity.
Question 5.
What do you understand by instantaneous
velocity?
Answer:
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of a body at
any particular instant during its motion. For
example, the instantaneous velocity of a
motorcycle at a particular instant is 40 kmh-1 if it
is moving at 40 kmh-1 at that particular instant. It
is measured by the speedometers on the vehicles.
Question 6.
What is negative acceleration?
Answer:
If the velocity of a body decreases with time, then
its Fnal velocity is less than the initial velocity and
thus its acceleration is negative. Negative
acceleration is called retardation or deceleration.
For example, when brakes are applied to a moving
truck, its velocity gradually decreases. In other
words, it is under retardation.
Question 7.
How will the equations of motion for an object
moving with a uniform velocity change? [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Acceleration a = 0, v = u
So, the equations of motion will become
s = ut
v2 – u2 = 0
Question 8.
Express average velocity when the velocity of a
body changes at a non-uniform rate and a uniform
rate.
Answer:
When the velocity of a body changes at a non-
uniform rate, its average velocity is found by
dividing the net displacement covered by the total
time taken.
Net displacement
i.e., Average velocity = Total time taken
In case the velocity of a body changes at a
uniform rate, then the average velocity is given by
the arithmetic mean of initial velocity and Fnal
i.e., Average velocity =
Initial velocity + Final velocity
2
Question 9.
A particle is moving in a circular path of radius r.
What would be the displacement after half a
circle?
Answer:
Displacement = AB
= Shortest distance between initial and Fnal
positions
= r + r = 2r
Question 2.
What are the uses of a distance-time graph?
Answer:
The various uses of a distance-time graph are as
follows:
Question 3.
Draw a velocity versus time graph of a stone
thrown vertically upwards and then coming
downwards after attaining the maximum height.
[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
During upward motion, acceleration = -g and
during downward motion acceleration = + g.
Times of upward and downward motion is equal.
Also initial and Fnal velocities are equal to (g T2 ) .
Question 4.
The data regarding the motion of two different
objects P and Q is given in the following table.
Examine them carefully and state whether the
motion of the objects is uniform or non-uniform.
Answer:
We can see that the object P covers a distance of
10 m in every Ffteen minutes. In other words, it
covers equal distance in equal interval of time. So,
the motion of object P is uniform. On the other
hand, the object Q covers 7 m from 9:30 am to
9:45 am, 4 m from 9:45 am to 10:00 am, and so
on. In other words, it covers unequal distance in
equal interval of time. So, the motion of object Q is
non-uniform.
Question 5.
How will you show that the slope of displacement-
time graph gives velocity of the body ?
Answer:
Question 6.
What are the characteristics of distance-time
graph for an object moving with a non-uniform
speed?
Answer:
The characteristics of distance-time graph for a
non-uniform speed are:
Question 7.
Given below is the velocity-time graph for the
motion of the car. What does the nature of the
graph show ? Also Fnd the acceleration of the car.
Answer:
The nature of the graph shows that velocity
changes by equal amounts in equal intervals of
time. For a uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-
time graph is always a straight line.
As we know, acceleration is equal to the slope of
the graph
Question 2.
Deduce the following equations of motion:
(i) s = ut + ( 12 ) at2
(ii) v2 = u2 + 2as
Answer:
(i) Consider a body which starts with initial
velocity u and due to uniform acceleration a, its
Fnal velocity becomes v after time t. Then, its
average velocity is given by
Question 3.
Obtain a relation for the distance travelled by an
object moving with a uniform acceleration in the
interval between 4th and 5th seconds. [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Using the equation of motion s = ut + 12 at2
Distance travelled in 5 seconds, s = u × 5 + 12 a × 5
2
or s = 5u + 25
2
a
Similarly, distance travelled in 4 seconds, s’ = 4u +
1
a
4
Distance travelled in the interval between 4th and
5th seconds
= (s – s’) = (u + 92 a)m
Question 4.
Two stones are thrown vertically upwards
simultaneously with their initial velocities u] and
w2 respectively. Prove that the heights reached by
them would be in the ratio of u21 : u22 .
(Assume upward acceleration is —g and
downward acceleration to be +g). [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Question 5.
The driver of train A travelling at a speed of 54
kmh-1 applies brakes and retards the train
uniformly. The train stops in 5 seconds. Another
train B is travelling on the parallel with a speed of
36 kmh-1. Its driver applies the brakes and the
train retards uniformly; train B stops in 10
seconds. Plot speed-time graphs for both the
trains on the same axis. Which of the trains
travelled farther after the brakes were applied?
Answer:
For train A, the initial velocity,
5
u = 54 kmh-1 = 54 × 18 = 15 ms– 1
Final velocity, v = 0 and time, t = 5 s
5
For train B, u = 36 kmh– 1 = 36 × 18 = 10 ms– 1
v = 0; t = 10 s
Speed-time graph for train A and B are shown in
the Fgure.
Numericals
Numericals
Question 1.
Study the speed-time graph of a body given here
and answer the following questions:
Question 2.
The graph given below shows the positions of a
body at different times. Calculate the speed of the
body as it moves from
(i) A to B
(ii) B to C and
(iii) C to D.
Answer:
(i) The distance-time graph represents the line AB
which shows the speed of the body. So,
Speed = Distance 3cm
Time
= (5−2)s
= 1 cm/s
(ii) The distance-time graph shows that the body
is at rest between graph line B to C, it means no
movement. So speed is zero i.e.,
Speed = Distance 0 0
Time
= (7−5)s
= 2s
=0
(iii) The distance-time graph represents the line
CD which shows the speed of the body. So,
(7−3)cm
Speed = Distance 4cm
Time
= (9−7)s
= 2s
= 2 cm/s
Question 3.
Distance travelled by a train and time taken by it is
shown in the following table, (i) Plot distance-time
graph. (ii) What is the average speed of the train?
(iii) When is the train travelling at the highest
speed? (iv) At what distance does the train slow
down? (v) Calculate the speed of the train
between 10:40 AM to 11:00 AM.
Answer:
Question 4.
The velocity-time graph shows the motion of a
cyclist. Find (i) its acceleration (ii) its velocity and
(iii) the distance covered by the cyclist in 15
seconds. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(i) Since velocity is not changing acceleration is
equal to zero. [a = ∆v = 0]
∆t
(ii) Reading the graph, velocity = 20 ms-1
(constant)
(iii) Distance covered in 15 seconds = Area of
ABNO
=v×t
= 20 × 15 = 300 m
Question 5.
A body starts to slide over a horizontal surface
with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s. Due to friction,
its velocity decreases at the rate 0.05 m/s2. How
much time will it take for the body to stop?
Answer:
Initial velocity, u = 0.5 m/s
Final velocity, v= 0
Acceleration, a = -0.05 m/s2
Now, from the Frst equation of the motion,
v = u + at
or, 0 = 0.5 + (- 0.05t) 0.5 = 0.05t,
∴ t = 0.5/0.05 = 10 s
Thus, the body will take 10 s to stop.
Question 6.
A particle moves in a circle with O as centre and
AO = OB = 5 cm, as radius, as shown in the Fgure.
It starts from A. Calculate:
(a) the distance covered, and
(b) the displacement, when it reaches B.
Answer:
(a) Distance covered = π × OA = π × 5 = 5π cm
(b) Displacement = 2 × OB
= 2 × 5 = 10 cm along AB
Question 7.
A body travels along a circular path of radius 70
m. After travelling half a revolution in 20 s, Fnd the
(i) average velocity,
(ii) average speed.
Answer:
Question 8.
A cheetah is the fastest land animal and can
achieve a peak velocity of 100 km/h up to
distances less than 500 m. If a cheetah spots its
prey at a distance of 100 m, what is the minimum
time it will take to get its prey, if the average
velocity attained by it is 90 km/h?
Answer:
Average velocity = 90 km/h = 90km
1h
= 90×1000m
60×60s
= 25 ms-1
Displacement
Also, Average velocity = Time taken
∵ Cheetah moves in a straight line displacement is
equal to 100 m.
Therefore, time taken = 100
25
=4s
Question 9.
The brakes applied to a car produce an
acceleration of 6 ms-2 in the opposite direction to
the motion. If the car takes 2s to stop after the
application of brakes, calculate the distance it
travels during this time.
Answer:
We have been given
Question 10.
A car starts from rest and moves along the x-axis
with constant acceleration 5 ms-2 for 8 seconds. If
it then continues with constant velocity, what
distance will the car cover in 12 seconds since it
started from the rest? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Initial velocity ,u = 0
Using s = ut + 12 at2
The distance travelled in Frst 8s,
s1 = 0 + 12 × 5 × 82 = 160 m
At this point the velocity, v = u + at
= 0 + 5 × 8 = 40 ms-1
So, the distance covered in last four seconds
s2 = 40 × 4 = 160 m
Hence, total distance, s = s1 + s2
= 160 m + 160 m = 320 m
Question 11.
A motorcyclist drives from A to B with a uniform
speed of 30 kmh-1 and returns back with a speed
of 20 kmh-1. Find its average speed. [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Question 12.
An object is dropped from rest at a height of 150
m and simultaneously another object is dropped
from rest at a height 100 m. What is the difference
in their heights after 2 s if both the objects drop
with same accelerations? How does the
difference in heights vary with time? [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Initial difference in height = (150 – 100) m = 50 m
Distance travelled by Frst body in 2 s = h1 = 0 + 12
g(2)2 = 2g
Distance travelled by another body in 2 s = h2 = 0
+ 12 g(2)2 = 2g
After 2 s, height at which the Frst body will be = h1‘
= 150 – 2g
After 2 s, height at which the second body will be
= h’2 = 100 – 2g
Thus, after 2 s, difference in height = 150 – 2g –
(100 – 2g) = 50 m = initial difference in height
Thus, difference in height does not vary with time.
Question 13.
An object starting from rest travels 20 m in Frst 2s
and 160 m in next 4s. What will be the velocity
after 7s from the start? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
s1 = ut + 12 at2 or 20 = 0 + 12 a(2)2 or a = 10ms-2
v = u + at = 0 + (10 × 2) = 20 ms-1
s2 = 160 = vt’ + 12 a'(t’)2 = (20 × 4) + ( 12 a’ × 16) a’
= 10ms-2
Since accelerations is the same, we have v’ = 0 +
(10 × 7) =70 ms-1
Question 14.
An electron moving with a velocity of 5 × 104 ms-1
enters into a uniform electric Feld and acquires a
uniform acceleration of 104 ms-2 in the direction
of its initial motion.
(i) Calculate the time in which the electron would
acquire a velocity double of its initial velocity.
(ii) How much distance the electron would cover
in this time? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Given initial velocity, u = 5 × 104 ms-1
and acceleration, a = 104ms-2
(i) Final velocity = v = 2u = 2 × 5 × 104ms-1 = 10 ×
104ms-1
To Fnd t, use v = u + at
Answer:
Speed = Slope of distance-time graph. The smaller
the slope, the smaller is the speed.
From the Fgure, slope is minimum for car D. So, D
is the slowest car.
Question 2.
A girl walks along a straight path to drop a letter in
the letterbox and comes back to her initial
position. Her displacement-time graph is shown in
Fgure. Plot a velocity-time graph for the same.
[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
100−0
Velocity from 0 to 50 s is v1 = ∆s = 50−0
=2
∆t
ms-1
At 50 – 0
0−100
Velocity from 50 s to 100 s, v2 = ∆s = 100−50
=
∆t
– 2 ms-1
Accordingly the velocity-time graph is shown in
Fgure below.
Question 3.
Suppose a squirrel is moving at a steady speed
from the base of a tree towards some nuts. It then
stays in the same position for a while, eating the
nuts, before returning to the tree at the same
speed. A graph can be plotted with distance on
the x-axis and the time on y-axis.
Question 4.
The table given below shows distance (in cm)
travelled by bodies A, B and C. Read this data
carefully and answer the following questions.
Words by Length
NEET MCQ
Factoring Calculator
Rational Numbers
CGPA Calculator
General Knowledge
FREE RESOURCES
RD Sharma Class 12
RD Sharma Class 11
Solutions
NCERT Library
NCERT SOLUTIONS
QUICK RESOURCES
Solutions Solutions
Problems Exams
()
Online Tutoring