MEB Mat Müfredatı
MEB Mat Müfredatı
We are currently working on Study Notes for every Topic, Sub-Topic, and Sub-Sub-
• Proof by contradiction
Topic.
• Use of a counterexample to show that a statement is not always true
SL 1.4: Binomial Theorem
• Solving exponential equations, including using a logarithm • Complex conjugate roots of quadratic and polynomial equations with real
• Numerical evaluation of logarithms using technology coefficients
• Exponential Equations • De Moivre’s theorem and its extension to rational exponents
• compound interest • Powers and roots of complex numbers. .
• annual depreciation.
SL 1.3: Proofs AHL 1.9: System of Equations
• Simple deductive proof, numerical and algebraic; how to lay out a left-hand • Solutions of systems of linear equations (a maximum of three equations in three
side to right-hand side (LHS to RHS) proof unknowns), including cases where there is a unique solution, an infinite number of
• The symbols and notation for equality and identity. solutions, or no solution.
Methods of Proof
Topic 2: Functions SL 2.4: Solving Equations
SL 2.1: Basic Functions SL 2.3: Special Functions
Introduction to Solving Equations
Intro to Functions Different Functions
• Solving equations, both graphically and analytically
• Composite Functions • Use of technology to solve a variety of equations, including those
• Different forms of the equation of a straight where there is no appropriate analytic approach.
line. • Identity function. Finding the inverse
function Inequalities
• Gradient; intercepts.
Lines • The quadratic function
Function Forms • Solutions of g(x) ≥ f(x), both graphically and analytically.
Applications
• Lines with gradients m1 and m2
• Parallel Lines • The form f(x) = a(x − p)(x − q), x-
• Perpendicular Lines intercepts (p, 0) and (q, 0). • Applications of graphing skills and solving equations that relate to
Function Concepts • The form f(x) = a (x − h)^2 + k, vertex real-life situations.
(h,k) SL 2.5: Graph Transformations
Quadratic Solutions
• Concept of a function, domain, range, and
graph. Graph Transformations
Function Notations • A solution of quadratic equations and
inequalities • Transformations of graphs
• The quadratic formula. • Translations: y = f(x) + b; y = f(x − a)
• Function notation • The discriminant, and the nature of the
• The concept of a function as a • Reflections (in both axes): y = − f(x); y = f( − x).
roots, that is, two distinct real roots, two • Vertical stretch with scale factor p: y = p f(x).
mathematical model equal real roots, no real roots.
Inverse Functions • Horizontal stretch with scale factor 1\ q : y = f(qx).
Other Functions Composite Transformations
• An informal concept that an inverse function • The reciprocal function and its graph
reverses or undoes the effect of a function • Composite transformations.
• Rational functions
• Inverse functions • Equations of vertical and horizontal
SL 2.2: Graph of Functions asymptotes. AHL 2.6: Polynomial Functions
• Exponential functions and their graphs
Graph of Functions f(x) = az , a > 0, f(x) = ex
Introduction to Polynomial Functions
• Logarithmic functions and their
• The graph of a function graphs:f(x) = logax, x > 0, f(x) = lnx, x >
0 •
Polynomial functions, their graphs, and equations; zeros,
• Creating a sketch from information given or
• Odd and even functions roots, and factors.
a context, including transferring a graph
• Finding the inverse function, including The Factor and Remainder Theorems
from screen to paper
• Determine key features of graphs. domain restrictions
Maximum and minimum values; intercepts • Self-inverse functions. Solving Polynomial Equations
Graphs Using Technology • Rational functions and its forms
• The graphs of the functions, y = | f(x)| • Sum and product of the roots of polynomial equations.
• y = f(|x|), y = 1 f(x) , y = f(ax + b), y =
• Using technology to graph functions
[f(x)]2
including their sums and differences.Using
• The solution of modulus equations and
technology to graph functions including their
inequalities
sums and differences.
• Finding the point of intersection of two
curves or lines using technology
SL 3.10: Solving Trig Equations
Topic 3: Geometry SL 3.4: The Circle AHL 3.13: Vector Equations
and Trigonometry Solving Trig Equations
The Circle Equation of a Line
SL 3.1: Introduction to Geometry • Solving trigonometric equations in
• The circle: radian measure of angles; length of an a finite interval, both graphically • Vector equation of a line in two and
Distance and Midpoint arc; area of a sector. and analytically. three dimensions: r = a + λb.
SL 3.5: Trigonometry • Equations leading to quadratic Angle Between Two Lines
equations in sinx, cosx, or tanx.
• The distance between two
Trig Relations • The angle between two lines.
points in three-dimensional Definition of Trig Functions
space, and their midpoint. Applications
Surface Area and Volume • Relationships between
• Definition of cosθ, sinθ in terms of the unit circle. trigonometric functions and the
• Definition of tanθ as sinθ/cosθ • Simple applications to kinematics.
symmetry properties of their AHL 3.14: Points of Intersections
• Volume and surface area of • Exact values of trigonometric ratios of 0, π/6 , π/ graphs.
three-dimensional solids 4 , π/3 , π/2, and their multiples. AHL 3.11: Vector Concepts
including right-pyramid, right Extension of Sine Rule Points of Intersection
cone, sphere, hemisphere,
and combinations of these Introduction to Vectors
• Extension of the sine rule to the ambiguous case. • Coincident, parallel, intersecting, and
solids. The size of an angle skew lines, distinguishing between
SL 3.6/AHL 3.7/AHL 3.8: Identities
between two intersecting lines • Concept of a vector; position these cases. Points of the intersection.
or between a line and a plane. vectors; displacement vectors. AHL 3.15: Dot Product
SL 3.2: Sine and Cosine Rules Pythagorean Identity Representation of vectors using
directed line segments. Base
• The Pythagorean identity cos2θ + sin2θ = 1. vectors i, j, k. Components of a Dot Product
Right Triangles
Double angle identities for sine and cosine. vector: v = v1i + v2 j + v3k.
• The relationship between trigonometric ratios. Algebraic and geometric approaches • The definition of the vector product of
• Use of sine, cosine, and two vectors.
Reciprocal Trigonometric ratios
tangent ratios to find the sides • Properties of the vector product
and angles of right-angled • the sum and difference of two
• Definition of the reciprocal trigonometric ratios vectors • Geometric interpretation of | v × w |
triangles. AHL 3.16: Vector Planes
Sine and Cosine Rules secθ, cosecθ, and cotθ. • the zero vector 0, the vector −v
• Pythagorean identities: 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ, 1 + • multiplication by a scalar, kv,
cot2θ = cosec2θ parallel vectors Vector Equations
• The sine rule: a/sinA = b/sinB
• The inverse functions f(x) = arcsinx, f(x) = • the magnitude of a vector, |v|; unit
= c/sinC. The cosine rule: c2 =
arccosx, f(x) = arctanx; their domains and ranges; vectors, v /|v| • Vector equations of a plane: r = a + λb +
a2 + b2 − 2abcos(C); cos(C) =
a2 + b 2 − c2 2ab. Area of a
their graphs. • position vectors OA → = a, OB → μc, where b and c are non-parallel
• Compound angle identities. Double angle identity =b vectors within the plane. r · n = a · n,
triangle as 1/2absin(C).
for tan. • displacement vector AB → = b − where n is normal to the plane and a is
SL 3.3: Triangles
SL 3.9: Trig Composites the position vector of a point on the
a
Proofs of geometrical properties using plane. Cartesian equation of a plane ax
Triangle Trigonometry + by + cz = d
Circular Functions vectors.
AHL: 3.17 Intersecting Planes
• Applications of right and non-
• The circular functions sinx, cosx, and tanx; AHL 3.12: Multiple Vectors
right angled trigonometry, Intersections
amplitude, their periodic nature, and their graphs
including Pythagoras’s
Composite functions of the form f(x) = asin(b(x +
theorem. Angles of elevation Multiple Vectors
c)) + d. Angles
and depression.
Transformations
• Construction of labeled • The definition of the scalar
diagrams from written product of two vectors. The angle • Intersections of: a line with a plane; two
statements. Real-life Situations planes; three planes. The angle
between two vectors.
Perpendicular vectors; parallel between a line and a plane; two planes.
vectors.
SL 4.4: Introduction to Probability
Continuous Variables
Topic 4: Statistics Introduction to Probability
• Mode and median of continuous random variables.
SL 4.1: Population and Data • Continuous random variables and their probability density
• Concepts of the trial, outcome, equally likely functions.
outcomes, relative frequency, sample space (U), • Mean, variance, and standard deviation of continuous random
Population and event. The probability of an event A is P(A) variables.
= n(A)/n(U). The complimentary events A and A′ • The effect of linear transformations of X.
• Concepts of population, sample, random sample, (not A). SL 4.7: Distributions
discrete and continuous data. • Expected number of occurrences.
• Reliability of data sources and bias in sampling. Venn Diagrams
• Interpretation of outliers Binomial Distribution
• Sampling techniques and their effectiveness. • Use of Venn diagrams, tree diagrams, sample
Presentation of Data space diagrams, and tables of outcomes to • Binomial distribution.
calculate probabilities. • Mean and variance of the binomial distribution.
• Presentation of data (discrete and continuous): • Normal Distribution
frequency distributions (tables). SL 4.5: Types of Probabilities
• Histograms; cumulative frequency; cumulative • The normal distribution and curve, properties of the normal
frequency graphs; use to find median, quartiles, Combined Events distribution, diagrammatic representation.
percentiles, range, and interquartile range (IQR). • Normal probability calculations.
• Production and understanding of box and whisker • Inverse normal calculations
diagrams. • Combined events: P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A • Standardization of normal variables (z– values).
SL 4.2: Central Tendency ∩ B), mutually exclusive events: P(A ∩ B) = 0. • Inverse normal calculations where mean and standard deviation
Conditional Events is unknown.
Central Tendency SL 4.8: Bivariate Statistics
• Conditional probability: P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B)/P(B).
• Measures of central tendency (mean, median, and • Formal definition and use of the formulae: P(A| Regression
mode). Estimation of the mean from grouped data. B) = P(A ∩ B)/P(B) for conditional probabilities
Modal Class Independent Events • Equation of the regression line of x on y.
• Use of the equation for prediction purposes.
• Modal class. • Independent events: P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B).
• Measures of dispersion (interquartile range, • Formal definition and use of the formulae: P(A|
standard deviation, and variance). B) = P(A) = P(A|B′) for independent events.
• Effect of constant changes on the original data. Bayes Theorem
• Quartiles of discrete data.
SL 4.3: Linear Correlation • Use of Bayes’ theorem for a maximum of three
events.
Scatter diagrams SL 4.6: Random variables
Parabol Grafiği
İKİNCİ DERECEDEN FONKSİYONLAR (PARABOL) Parabol ve Bir Doğrunun Birbirine Göre Durumu
a, b ve c reel sayı a ! 0 olmak üzere, f : IR " IR f(x) = ax2 + bx + c ve y = mx + n doğrusu ortak çözüldüğünde
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c elde edilen ikinci derece denkleminde;
biçimindeki fonksiyonlara "İkinci Dereceden Bir Değişkenli • 9 > 0 ise doğru parabolü iki noktada keser.
Fonksiyon" denir.
• 9 = 0 ise doğru parabole teğettir.
Bu fonksiyonun grafiğine de parabol denir.
• 9 < 0 ise doğru parabolü kesmez.
3 >0 3 =0 3 <0
0 x 0 x
2. y y = f(x)
c
f:◊†◊
0 x1 x2 x
f(x) = a(x – r)2
0 r x
f(x) = a • (x – x1) (x – x2)
f(0) = c den a bulunur.
k
y = f(x)
c
0 r x k T(r, k)
T
0 r x
4. y = f(x) = ax2 + bx + c fonksiyonunun grafiğinde
• Tepe noktası T(r, k) f(x) = a (x – r)2 + k eşitliği ile kurulur.
b
r=– , k = f(r) dir.
2a
58
Test – 1 PARABOL VE ÖZELLİKLERİ
III. f(x) = x2 + x3 A) –8 B) –6 C) –3 D) 8 E) 10
6. f(x) = –x2 + 8x + 12
fonksiyonunun alabileceği en büyük değer kaçtır?
A) 20 B) 24 C) 25 D) 28 E) 32
2. f(x) = x2 + 3x – 18
parabolünün x eksenini kestiği noktalar arasındaki
uzaklık kaç birimdir?
A) 3 B) 6 C) 9 D) 12 E) 18
7. y
f(x) = ax2
3. f(x) = –2x2 + 6x + 24
parabolü y eksenini hangi noktada keser?
0 x
A) –12 B) –4 C) 6 D) 12 E) 24
g(x) = bx2
h(x) = cx2
A) 25 B) 14 C) 12 D) 10 E) 9
59
PARABOL VE ÖZELLİKLERİ Test – 1
8. y 10. y
y = f(x)
6
11
y = f(x)
–1 0 3 x 0 2 x
Şekilde grafiği verilen parabol denklemi aşağıdakiler- Şekildeki f(x) = a(x – r)2 + k parabolünün grafiği verilmiştir.
den hangisine eşittir? Buna göre, a + r + k toplamı kaçtır?
A) y = –2x2 + 8x + 6 B) y = –2x2 + 4x + 6 A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 9 E) 16
C) y = –x2 + 4x + 6 D) y = –x2 + 4x – 6
E) y = –2x2 – 4x + 6
9. y 11. y
y = f(x)
y = f(x)
32
–2 0 6 x
–24
–4 0 x
1. A 2. C 3. E 4. B 5. C 6. D
7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B
60
Test – 2 PARABOL VE ÖZELLİKLERİ
2. f(x) = x2 + (m – 3)x + 2m – 10
5. n bir gerçek sayı olmak üzere,
parabolü orijinden geçmektedir.
f(x) = –2(x – 1)2 + 4
Buna göre, parabolün x eksenini kestiği diğer nokta- parabolü y = n doğrusuna teğettir.
nın apsisi kaçtır?
Buna göre, n kaçtır?
A) –4 B) –2 C) –1 D) 2 E) 4
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 E) 8
3. y
6. y
y = f(x)
0 x
0 x
y = f(x)
61
PARABOL VE ÖZELLİKLERİ Test – 2
8. f(x) = x2 + 3x + 8 parabolü
y=x+n
doğrusuna teğettir.
11. f(x) = 2(x – 3)2 + 1
Buna göre, n kaçtır?
parabolü y = 19 doğrusunu A ve B noktalarında kesmekte-
A) –1 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 E) 7 dir.
Buna göre, |AB| kaç birimdir?
A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 12 E) 18
12. y
9. y y = f(x) 1
f(x) = – x (x – 1200)
500
A B
0 x
O T x
Roketsan yapımı bir obüsün attığı roketin yörüngesi
1
f(x) = – x (x – 1200)
f(x) = x2 – mx + m + 3 parabolünün tepe noktası x ekseni 500
üzerindeki T noktasıdır. Bu parabol, x eksenine paralel olan
AB doğrusu ile A ve B noktalarında kesişmektedir. fonksiyonu ile modellenmektedir.
& Buna göre, orijinden atılan bir roketin dağın arkasında-
Buna göre, A(AOB) kaç birimkaredir?
ki tankı vurması için dağın yüksekliği en çok kaç metre
A) 20 B) 27 C) 28 D) 30 E) 36 olmalıdır?
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C
7. D 8. E 9. B 10. E 11. B 12. A
62
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 1
1. f(x) = x2 – 6x + 15 4. y
fonksiyonunun alabileceği en küçük değer kaçtır? y = f(x)
A) 3 B) 4 C) 6 D) 9 E) 21
8
–2 0 x
A) 12 B) 16 C) 18 D) 20 E) 24
2. f(x) = x2 + 2x + 8
parabolünün tepe noktasının koordinatları toplamı
kaçtır?
A) 28 B) 25 C) 15 D) 10 E) 9
3. y
y = f(x)
0
–1 7 x
y
6. y = f(x)
13
–14
1 T
Şekilde f(x) = ax2 + bx + c fonksiyonunun grafiği verilmiştir. 0 2 x
A) 15 B) 18 C) 24 D) 28 E) 32
63
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 1
7. y 9. y
y = f(x)
y = f(x)
–3 0 7 x
A 0 B x
10. y 2
f(x) = – x (x – 6)
8. y ABCD dik yamuk 3 5
g(x) = – (x – 8)(x – 12)
†
[AD] // [BC] 4
†
D [AD] = x ekseni
C
A(–2, 0)
0 I. Dalga 6 8 II. Dalga 12 x
B(3, 0)
A 0 B x Şekilde yörüngeleri
2
f(x) = – x (x – 6)
3
Şekildeki parabolün denklemi y = –x2 + 16 dır. 5
g(x) = – (x – 8) (x – 12)
Buna göre, ABCD yamuğunun alanı kaç birimkaredir? 4
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. D 7. D 8. E 9. E 10. C
64
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 2
5. D C
A) 48 B) 60 C) 64 D) 72 E) 84
y 6. y
3. A(2, 32)
T(–r, r)
C
D 0 x 0 x
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c parabolünün tepe noktası A(2, 32) ve Orijinden geçen f(x) = –x2 + bx parabolünün tepe noktası
[AD] kirişinin orta noktası B dir. T(–r, r) dir.
Buna göre, C noktasının apsisi kaçtır? Buna göre, b kaçtır?
A) 3 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10 A) 2 B) 1 C) –1 D) –2 E) –4
65
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 2
A) 12 B) 14 C) 15 D) 18 E) 20
8. y
D
A
12. y
y = f(x)
9. y
A 0 B x
0 x
Şekilde f(x) = x2 – 4x + c fonksiyonunun grafiği verilmiştir.
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c fonksiyonunun tepe noktası şekildeki gi- |OB| = 3·|OA| olduğuna göre, c kaçtır?
bi koordinat sisteminde birinci bölgededir.
A) –6 B) –8 C) –12 D) –16 E) –18
Buna göre, aşağıdakilerden hangisi yanlıştır?
1. E 2. E 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D
7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C
66
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 3
1. y 4. y
A
0 x
0 1 2 x
–4 B
Şekilde grafiği verilen parabolün denklemi aşağıdaki- f(x) = ax2 + bx + c parabolünün tepe noktası A ve y ekse-
lerden hangisidir? nini kestiği nokta B dir.
C) y = –2x2 + 6x – 4 A) –4 B) –5 C) –6 D) –7 E) –8
D) y = –x2 – 8x – 4
E) y = –2x2 – 8x – 4
5. y
2. y
T(2, 10)
8
0 x1 x2 x
–11
0 x
y = f(x)
Şekilde f(x) = ax2 + bx + c parabolünün tepe noktası T(2,10) Şekilde f(x) = –x2 + (m + 12)x + 3m + 1 fonksiyonunun grafiği
ve y ekseninin kesim noktası (0, 8) dir. verilmiştir.
Buna göre, f(4) kaçtır? Buna göre, x1 + x2 toplamı kaçtır?
A) 9 B) 8 C) 7 D) 6 E) 4 A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 E) 12
3. y
T(–1, k) 30
A) 32 B) 34 C) 36 D) 38 E) 40
67
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 3
7. y 9. y
T
0 B A x
0 x
y = f(x)
Koordinat sistemine yerleştirilmiş bir şemsiyeyi oluşturan f(x) = ax2 + bx + 6 fonksiyonunun grafiği, mx – 3y = 3m
parabol şeklindeki tellerden birinin denklemi doğrusunun eksenleri kestiği noktalardan geçmektedir.
1 2 Buna göre, m kaçtır?
y=– (x – 96x)
64
A) –8 B) –6 C) 4 D) 6 E) 8
fonksiyonu ile modellenmiştir.
Buna göre, şemsiyenin derinliği olan |BT| uzunluğu
kaç birimdir?
A) 32 B) 36 C) 40 D) 48 E) 54
8. y
y = f(x)
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C
6. E 7. B 8. E 9. B 10. E
68
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 4
1. f(x) = x2 – x + 3 4. Duvar
D C
fonksiyonunun [–2, 4] aralığındaki ortalama değişim
hızı kaçtır?
3 7
A) 1 B) C) 2 D) E) 3
2 3
A B
Dikdörtgen şeklindeki ABCD bahçesinin [DC] kenarı du-
vardır. Bu bahçenin diğer kenarlarını dört sıra dikenli tel ile
çevirmek için 800 m tel kullanılmıştır.
Buna göre, bahçenin alanı en çok kaç m2 dir?
D C
A 0 B x
y = 12 – x2
91m F
3. ABCD dikdörtgen A B
D C C D
|AB| = (2x + 8) birim
|BC| = (12 – x) birim Buna göre, |BC| kaç metredir?
12 – x
A) 80 B) 90 C) 100 D) 120 E) 160
A B
2x + 8
69
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 4
A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 24 E) 32
5,25 m
A 3 C D 3 B
A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 12 E) 13
7. y
D C
9.
0 A B x
y = –x2 + 6x
fonksiyonuyla modellenmiştir.
Buna göre, topun yerden yüksekliği ihmal edildiğinde
Fırtına obüsünün mermisi yerden maksimum kaç met-
re yükseğe çıkabilir?
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. D
6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B
70
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 5
fonksiyonu veriliyor. 2 2
f(x) = – x + 800
Buna göre, 25
800 m
I. f nin en büyük değeri 24 tür.
II. f nin en küçük değeri 4 tür.
III. f nin tepe noktası T(2, –12) dir.
O B
ifadelerinden hangileri doğrudur?
A) Yalnız I B) Yalnız II C) Yalnız III 800 metre yükseklikte doğrusal bir yolla uçan bir siha
D) I ve II E) I ve III 2 2
f (x) = – x + 800
25
A) y = 2x2 + 10x + 54
B) y = –2x2 + 20x + 54 5. y
d
C) y = 2x2 – 20x + 48 T
D) y = –2x2 – 10x – 48
B
E) y = 2x2 + 20x – 50
A
0 x
y = f(x)
71
ÜNİTE TESTİ – 5
A B A B
C O D
Buna göre,
Mimar Sinan'ın öğrencilerinden Mimar Hayrettin tarafından I. Koni tepe noktasından geçen tabana dik bir düz-
parabol kemer şeklinde yapılan Mostar Köprüsü'nün lemle kesildiğinde kesit paraboldür.
açıklığı |AB| = 30 m, nehirden maksimum yüksekliği
|OT| = 24 m, kemer ayaklarının nehirden yüksekliği II. Koni |BT| arasında tabana dik bir düzlemle kesildi-
|AC| = 14 metredir. ğinde kesit paraboldür.
Buna göre, AB ve OT eksenlerine göre parabolün III. Koni |BT| arasından tabana paralel bir düzlemle
denklemi aşağıdakilerden hangisidir? kesildiğinde kesit paraboldür.
2 2 ifadelerinden hangileri doğrudur?
A) y = ^ x – 30 h
15
A) Yalnız I B) Yalnız II C) Yalnız III
2
B) y = – ^ x2 – 30x h D) I ve II E) II ve III
15
2 2
C) y = – ^ x – 225 h
45
2 2
D) y = – ^ x – 900 h
45
2 2
E) y = – ^ x – 100 h
45 9. y
1
f(x) = – x (x – 40)
16
7. y
C B
6 br x
A) 2 B) 3 C) 2 3 D) 3 3 E) 4 3
1. E 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D
72