Life Advanced Word List Unit 7

7 Digital media
Page 81 upload /ˈʌpˌləʊd/ Verb
if you upload photos, audio files, etc. you transfer
detract from /dɪˈtrækt frɒm/ Phrasal verb them from your personal computer, tablet, or phone
if something detracts from something else, it makes to a site on the Internet where other people will be
it seem worse than it really is able to find them and see them
this should not detract from the reality of the it’s easy to upload your photos | it took nearly an
change that is happening | we mustn’t let this detract hour to upload all my video files | we’ll email you
from our other achievements | attempts to cut costs instructions on how to upload your files
without detracting from the level of service provided Noun: upload || Opposites – Verb: download | Noun:
Noun: detractor download
his policies have many detractors (people who say the upload failed because the disk was full |
they are not good) | the move was welcomed even All uploads are done automatically | I’ve just
by the president’s detractors downloaded a whole series of the Wire | she moved
the download to her work folder
moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ Noun uncount
moderation is behaviour or activity that is not
extreme. If you do something in moderation, you do Pages 82–83
it a certain amount but not too much emoji /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ Noun
in moderation an emoji is a small picture that people add to text
that’s all fine so long as it’s done in moderation | messages, Facebook posts, Tweets, etc. that express
moderation in everything is what he always advised an emotion or that represent something that is
| she showed the same moderation in politics as she being mentioned
did in her private life | he spoke with much greater her text messages seem to be more emojis than
moderation than many other opponents of the words | the reply came back. A smiley emoji | an
proposal emoji of clapping hands
Adjective: moderate | Adverb: moderately | Verb:
moderate / ˈmɒdəreɪt/ flip /flɪp/ Verb
if you flip something, you turn it so that it is facing
you should take moderate exercise at least four in the opposite direction
times a week | eat fresh fruit in moderate amounts
| summers here are moderately warm but rarely hot flip the view on your phone to see the image you are
| she had a moderately successful singing career | he taking | she flipped the envelope over and wrote my
stopped shouting and moderated his tone (began to phone number on the back | the boat flipped over in
speak more reasonably and quietly) the stormy sea

post /pəʊst/ Verb grasshopper mind /ˈgrɑːsˌhɒpə maɪnd/ Noun

if you post a letter, you send it to someone in if someone has a grasshopper mind, they cannot
an envelope with a stamp on it so that it will be concentrate on anything for long and start thinking
delivered to them. When you post something on about different things all the time
the Internet, you put it on a website so that lots of some people believe digital media have given us all
people can see it if they want to grasshopper minds | Orson Welles was called a genius
she posted lots of photos of her holiday on Facebook with a grasshopper mind | my French teacher told me
| he’s always posting comments on newspaper stories I had a grasshopper mind
on the web | pictures of the demonstration were hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ Noun
posted online while it was happening | can you post a hashtag is a word or short phrase, usually with a #
this letter for me if you’re going out? symbol in front of it, used on social media sites to say
Noun: post what a post, tweet, etc. is about
there was an interesting post on her blog last week | use the hashtag #tedtalk when you tweet about
I read your post, and I have to say I don’t agree with it | please send your comments using the hashtag
you #worldcup2022 | first there were Twitter hashtags,
now most social media sites use them
take over /teɪk ˈəʊvə/ Phrasal verb
if something takes over your life, it has a strong indispensable /ˌɪndɪˈspensəb(ə)l/ Adjective
influence over you and controls you so that you something that is indispensable is so useful or
think about it a lot or do it a lot important that you cannot do without it
don’t let social media take over your life | he let his a dictionary is an indispensable tool for language
enjoyment of football take over, and spent every learners | the Internet has become an almost
weekend going to matches

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 Life Advanced Word List Unit 7

indispensable source of up-to-date news | two I think the negatives far outweigh the positives | it
indispensable ingredients are tomatoes and onions seems these fears are outweighed by real concern
about rising food costs | but the possible gains
initial /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l/ Adjective outweigh any risks that might be made | the needs
an initial idea or action is one that comes at the of the group outweigh the needs of the individual
beginning of a situation, and which later changes | the benefits of quitting smoking outweigh the
the initial ban was introduced in 2006 | the police disadvantage of weight gain
made an initial breakthrough | the initial stages of
the illness | his initial reaction was positive | after pose /pəʊz/ Noun
an initial success, the business failed in 2009 | initial if you pose for a photograph, you stand or sit in the
estimates placed total damage in the area at £40m way that you want the photograph to show you. The
way you stand or sit is your pose
Adverb: initially
strike a pose
initially, I didn’t enjoy the job | the company was
quite successful initially | Williams was initially she struck a pose outside the cathedral | he was
reluctant but eventually agreed to the proposal photographed in various poses | can you hold that
pose while I change the lighting?
outclass /ˌaʊtˈklɑːs/ Verb Verb: pose
if you outclass someone, you perform much better
they posed outside the front door of their new house
than they do in a competition
she completely outclassed her opponent | we were alongside /əˈlɒŋˌsaɪd/ Preposition
outclassed by a much better team | Tottenham you use alongside to mention something else that
simply outclassed Real Madrid | they were hopelessly exists or happens at the same time or in the same
outclassed in the second half place as something else
a radio station that plays classical music and opera
outgrow /ˌaʊtˈɡrəʊ/ Verb
alongside modern pop and rock | our students work
when children outgrow their clothes, the clothes
on an extended project alongside their weekly
stop fitting them properly because the children are
assignments | can we achieve proper environmental
growing bigger
protection alongside economic growth?
we bought him some boots in September and he’d
outgrown them by February | he’d outgrown his ballpark /ˈbɔːlˌpɑː(r)k/ Noun
school trousers and couldn’t do them up at the waist you use ballpark to refer to figures that you are
| when I outgrew my clothes, my mum used to give guessing, and that you think are approximately
them to the neighbour’s son correct but are not exact
a ballpark figure
outlive /ˌaʊtˈlɪv/ Verb
if you outlive someone, you live longer than they do how much will it cost? Give me a ballpark figure |
and carry on living after they have died the concert hall cost somewhere in the ballpark of
$20 million | I can give you a ballpark figure over
she outlived her husband by 15 years | I never
the phone | it will cost £250, or somewhere in that
thought I’d outlive my own daughter | females tend
ballpark
to outlive males in many animals, including humans
best practice /bɛst ˈpræktɪs/ Noun
outnumber /ˌaʊtˈnʌmbə(r)/ Verb
best practice is the way of doing something that is
if one group of people or things outnumbers
recommended and that will be the most effective
another, there are more people in the first group of
people or things than in the other one always follow best practice when setting up the
project | a workshop to explore best practice in the
the restaurant was so quiet the staff outnumbered
leisure industry | this article describes best practices
the customers | women selfie-takers outnumber men
for companies considering this approach | the team
| the British troops were heavily outnumbered | by
were trained in best practices
1925 New York City’s population outnumbered that
of London buy into /baɪ ˈɪntuː/ Phrasal verb
if you buy into an idea, you accept it and become
outsell /ˌaʊtˈsel/ Verb
enthusiastic about it
if one item outsells another, people buy more of the
first item than the second one we want customers to buy into our story | I’m not
sure I want to buy into this strategy | not everyone
iPhones outsold Samsung in the first half of the year
bought into the proposals
| diesel cars used to outsell the petrol equivalents |
e-books outsold hardback books last year customer-focused /ˈkʌstəmə-ˈfəʊkəst/ Adjective
if a company is customer-focused, it makes sure that
outweigh /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ Verb
it considers the needs of its customers and provides
if one consideration outweighs another, it is
them with good service and with what they want
considered to be more important or useful than the
other thing if you’re not customer-focused, you won’t survive
these days | creating a customer-focused culture is
far outweigh something | outweigh the benefits/
essential | a customer-focused website will help you
advantages/disadvantages

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 Life Advanced Word List Unit 7

build a loyal following | our department is customer- think outside the box /θɪŋk ˌaʊtˈsaɪd ðə bɒks/ Phrase
focused and well-organised if you think outside the box, you think very
creatively and come up with ideas that are
going forward /ˈgəʊɪŋ ˈfɔːwəd/ Adverb unexpected but very effective
some people say going forward when they mean “in
we need to think outside the box if we want to find
the future”. No one knows why
the solution | students were encouraged to think
we’re planning to expand the business operation outside the box | she’s always thinking outside the
going forward | what does this mean for the box and making interesting suggestions
company going forward | he needs to accept
responsibility going forward | how will this help our win-win /wɪn-wɪn/ Noun
customers going forward? a win-win or a win-win situation is one in which
everyone involved gains something, and nobody
in the loop /ɪn ðə luːp/ Phrase loses
if you keep someone in the loop, you give them
he promised us it would be a win-win situation | the
information about how a situation is developing so
proposal looked like a win-win for everyone | the
that they are always aware of what is happening
result was a win-win all round
keep me in the loop, while I’m away, will you | I’m
not in the loop any more now that I don’t live in worthy /ˈwɜː(r)ði/ Adjective
Manchester | if you’d kept me in the loop I might if something is worthy, it is good and deserves to be
have been able to stop this happening admired
worthy of something
loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ Adjective
someone who is loyal supports someone or the campaign has clear and worthy objectives |
something reliably and without changing Murray was a worthy winner of the tournament | the
poem is worthy of closer examination | the proposal
fiercely loyal | loyal support | remain loyal (to
was worthy of serious consideration
someone or something)
Opposite – Adjective: unworthy
luckily we have a large number of loyal customers
| he’s very loyal — always there for you when you in my opinion, the book was unworthy of all the
need him | only a few remained loyal to the prime praise it received | some people thought Bob Dylan
minister | you can be sure of our loyal support | 25 was unworthy of the Nobel Prize
years’ loyal service to the company | she is fiercely
loyal to her family and her job Pages 86-87
Adverb: loyally | Noun: loyalty || Opposite – Adjective:
amateur /ˈæmətə(r)/ Noun
disloyal
an amateur is someone who is doing something that
fierce/great loyalty | blind loyalty | inspire loyalty | they are not trained for and that is not their job
show loyalty | demand/expect loyalty
he was an enthusiastic amateur on the guitar | we
despite the setbacks, they loyally supported him | the were all amateurs, but I think we made a great job
servants showed great loyalty even when times were of designing the gardens
difficult | he inspires extraordinary loyalty among his
Adjective: amateur
staff | after 20 years with the company, it felt disloyal
to leave and work for a competitor a season of films written and directed by amateur
film-makers | each story featured an amateur
not rocket science /nɒt ˈrɒkɪt ˈsaɪəns/ Phrase detective
if you say that something is not rocket science, you
mean that it is very easy to understand break even /breɪk ˈiːvən/ Phrase
if you break even, you do not spend more money
look, it’s not rocket science. Just add the three
than you receive, but you do not receive more than
numbers together | filling shelves in the supermarket
you spend
isn’t rocket science | even you should be able to learn
how to do it. It’s not rocket science we didn’t make a profit, but at least we broke even
| after two years of making a loss it was something
on the same page /ɒn ðə seɪm peɪʤ/ Phrase of a success to break even this year | we still need
if people are on the same page, they are in another £20,000 of sales just break even
agreement about something
break the back /breɪk ðə bæk/ Phrase
OK. It looks as though we’re all on the same page
if you break the back of a difficult or long task,
| everybody was on the same page so the meeting
you succeed in doing enough of it to be confident
went very well | it’s clear that Ric and Denis are on
that you will be able to carry on and finish the job
the same page, even if no one else is
properly
reality check /ri(ː)ˈælɪti ʧɛk/ Noun it’s a long job, but we’ve broken the back of it now
a reality check is something that makes you realise | by mid-afternoon we’d broken the back of it and
the difficulty of what you are trying to do finally stopped for something to eat | another couple
after this reality check we revised our plans | seeing of hours and we’ll have broken the back of it
how much progress our rivals had made was a big
reality check | thanks for the reality check. I hadn’t
thought of that
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 Life Advanced Word List Unit 7

break the bank /breɪk ðə bæŋk/ Phrase mysterious that you cannot pay any attention to
if you do something that doesn’t break the bank, anything else that is happening around you
you spend money that you can afford to spend and her performance as Cleopatra was mesmerizing |
do not have financial problems as a result he was struck by the mesmerizing beauty of the old
a visit to Australia won’t break the bank | we had city | the view from the top of the mountain was
a great holiday, and without breaking the bank | mesmerizing | the sunsets you can see from here are
replacing the car nearly broke the bank truly mesmerizing
Adjective: mesmerized
break the habit /breɪk ðə ˈhæbɪt/ Phrase
if you break the habit, you stop doing something the audience sat mesmerized for over two hours | we
that you always or regularly do were mesmerized throughout the film
try to break the habit of putting sugar in your misrepresentation /ˌmɪsˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃən/ Noun
coffee | a good way to break the habit of eating a misrepresentation is a statement that is wrong or
too quickly is to put your knife and fork down after inaccurate
every mouthful | he broke the habit of a lifetime and
that’s a plain misrepresentation of what I said! | a
volunteered to join the club committee
lie is a deliberate misrepresentation of facts | it was
break the news /breɪk ðə njuːz/ Phrase an entirely innocent misrepresentation and no harm
if you break the news, you tell someone about was intended
something that has just happened, especially Verb: misrepresent
something surprising or shocking I’m sorry if I misrepresented you | he claimed they
the manager broke the news that the factory was had misrepresented his views
going to close | break the news to him gently. It will
be a terrible shock to him | they finally broke the plug /plʌɡ/ Verb
news to her that Daniel’s plane had crashed | the if you plug a hole, loophole, etc., you do something
hardest thing I ever did was break the news of my to repair a weakness or fault in a system so that it
father’s death to my mother works more securely
once they are aware of the weaknesses, they can
dimly-lit /ˈdɪmli-lɪt/ Adjective take action to plug the holes | the government are
a dimly-lit room or building has a very low level of determined to plug the loopholes in the tax system
artificial lighting so that it seems quite dark
we went down some steps into a dimly-lit club | the retrieve /rɪˈtriːv/ Verb
restaurant was dimly-lit and I could hardly read the if you retrieve something, you get it back from
menu | they walked through a dimly-lit hall before where it has been for a while
arriving at the bottom of the stairs he retrieved his passport from the hotel reception
desk | some bodies were retrieved from the water a
gross /ɡrəʊs/ Adjective week later | I had to go back to the office to retrieve
a gross action is one that is seriously bad and my briefcase
unacceptable
the article was a gross misrepresentation of what ripped /rɪpt/ Adjective
I said in the interview | it was a gross invasion of ripped clothes have been torn in places, either by
privacy | he was dismissed for gross misconduct (for accident, or deliberately because it is fashionable
very seriously bad behaviour at work) | the patient a pair of ripped jeans | it is common to see students
died as a result of gross negligence by the hospital | a with ripped shirts on campus
gross violation of their human rights
strewn /struː/ Adjective
handcuffs /ˈhæn(d)ˌkʌfs/ Noun if things are strewn somewhere, they are spread
handcuffs are two metal rings linked by a chain around in an untidy way
that are put round someone’s wrists to restrict the the room was filthy and clothes were strewn
way they can move their arms and hands. Handcuffs everywhere | a litter strewn beach | unwashed dishes
are used by the police on people after they have and plates were strewn around | the woods were
arrested them strewn with fallen leaves
in handcuffs
vast /vɑːst/ Adjective
the two men were led away in handcuffs | the
something that is vast is extremely big
prisoners wore handcuffs | they took the handcuffs
off and put me in a cell | they held his arms behind they’ve destroyed vast areas of land | they travelled
his back then put the handcuffs on him a vast distance to get here | Canada is a vast country
north of the United States | a vast region with no roads
Adjective: handcuffed | Verb: handcuff
Noun: vastness
four handcuffed prisoners arrived at the court house
| the policeman handcuffed Simmons and put him in the trip gave him a good idea of the vastness of
the police car Australia

mesmerizing /ˈmezməˌraɪzɪŋ/ Adjective vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l/ Adjective

something that is mesmerizing is so fascinating or if someone is vulnerable or in a vulnerable position,
they can be hurt or upset easily

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 Life Advanced Word List Unit 7

feel/remain vulnerable | be vulnerable to something emit /ɪˈmɪt/ Verb

more help is needed for vulnerable teenagers | I’m to emit light, sound or other forms of energy is to
feeling a slightly vulnerable at the moment | children release them into the atmosphere
who are vulnerable to abuse | some families are the light is emitted in waves | all computers emit
more vulnerable to social change than others | the a small amount of radiation | such machines emit
elderly are among the most vulnerable in today’s electrical waves up to 40 metres in length
society | plans to support vulnerable groups such as
young people glowing /ˈɡləʊɪŋ/ Adjective
if something is glowing, it is shining with a soft, not
Noun: vulnerability || Opposite: invulnerable
very bright light
I could sense her vulnerability | consider too the
glowing blue waves | the glowing light on the TV
vulnerability of the homeless person | an attempt to
remote control | in the distance we could see the
make the region invulnerable to attack
glowing lights of Edinburgh
Verb: glow | Noun: glow
Pages 88–89 this paint is meant to glow in the dark | we could
arguably /ˈɑː(r)ɡjuəbli/ Adverb see a faint glow on the horizon half an hour before
if you say that something is arguably the case, you sunrise
mean that there are very good reasons for believing
it to be true ironic /aɪˈrɒnɪk/ Adjective
something that is ironic is surprising because it seems
his second novel was arguably better than his first |
to be almost the opposite of what you would expect
that was arguably the best cup final since 1987 | this
is arguably the most spectacular scenery on the west it’s ironic that we’re using a lot of technology but
coast | arguably the worst president in the history of we don’t have any mobile phones | it’s ironic that the
the USA first goal was scored by a defender | it’s slightly ironic
that he plays football for England although he was
Adjective: arguable | Verb: argue
born in Canada
arguable that | argue that
Adverb: ironically | Noun: irony
it’s arguable that the English were unlucky at the
ironically, the mistake was discovered by a student,
Battle of Hastings | it has been argued that studying
not by any of the teachers | there was a certain irony
music improves academic achievements
when the police car was stolen
blend /blend/ Verb
predator /ˈpredətə(r)/ Noun
if something blends into the background or into its
a predator is an animal that attacks and kills other
surroundings, or if it blends in, it is similar to the
animals for food. The animals it attacks are its prey
things around it so that you do not always notice it is
different from them the fish are easily recognised by predators | wild
horses have few natural predators | polar bears are
it can easily blend into the background | the
the world’s largest land predator | other predators
new library blended into its surroundings | their
hunt smaller animals such as rabbits and mice | there
dark green colouring lets them blend into their
is a natural balance of predator and prey
environment | I chose the plants for the garden
deliberately so they would blend in Adjective: predatory
a close encounter between a dolphin and a
commission /kəˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ Noun predatory shark | hedges are kept tall to attract
a commission is an order from a customer for predatory insects
someone to make something for them, especially a
work of art like a painting or a musical composition trick photography /trɪk fəˈtɒgrəfi/ Noun uncount
he’s received a commission to do a similar trick photography is the use of methods that change
painting for a gallery in Santiago | she doesn’t do a photograph in order to deceive people and make
commissions, but you can buy any of her work online them think something that is not true
| I can’t afford to turn down the commission | she has the book describes a range of trick photography
received several significant public commissions techniques | he was skilled at trick photography |
Verb: commission they used trick photography to show Astaire dancing
with three of his shadows
Bertin commissioned the portrait in 1832

creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ Noun Pages 90–91

a creature is any kind of animal, especially one that is
unusual or that you do not know or recognise collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ Noun
collaboration is working together with someone else
are there any poisonous creatures in your country?
on the same task
| birds are not the only creatures you’ll see in the
woods | it’s amazing how many creatures live under the project requires close collaboration with doctors
the house | there were hundreds of tiny creatures at the city hospital | we encourage learning through
swimming in the water collaboration in this school | collaboration between
the three departments was essential | successful

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collaboration requires trust from all sides insight /ˈɪnsaɪt/ Noun

Verb: collaborate | Noun: collaborator | Adjective: an insight is a clear way of understanding something
collaborative | Adverb: collaboratively research will provide invaluable insights | an
we collaborate with other schools in the city | a experience which gave her insight into the struggle
successful agency knows how to collaborate with of farmers | his writing lacks insight | she’s got a lot
others | we have collaborators on three different of insight into this problem | the book gives a real
continents | thanks to our collaborative efforts, insight into the causes of the war | his words provide
the project was a success | a collaborative learning valuable insight on this subject
environment | Wikipedia is a collaboratively written Adjective: insightful
encyclopedia the book is well written and insightful | she writes a
highly insightful blog
devalue /diːˈvæljuː/ Verb
if you devalue something, you make it seem less lexicon /ˈleksɪkən/ Noun
important or impressive than it really is a lexicon is a list of words with explanations of what
we mustn’t devalue the role of women in history they mean
| he’d been feeling devalued at work so started a lexicon of technical terms in music | it took him
looking for another job | don’t let them devalue your seven years to compile a lexicon of Scottish English
contribution – you deserve proper recognition for
what you did migratory /ˌmaɪˈɡreɪtəri/ Adjective
migratory animals, especially birds, spend part of
endangered /ɪnˈdeɪnʤəd/ Adjective the year in one part of the world, then move to a
endangered animals, plants, etc. might not exist for different part of the world for the rest of the year
much longer because there is such a small number of
the lakes attract a variety of migratory birds in
them left
autumn | those with longer wings tend to be
endangered species migratory | salt marshes provide a habitat for
tigers are now an endangered species | the animals migratory fish
are endangered victims of global warming | they Verb: migrate
are endangered due to loss of habitat | birds on the
many birds migrate southwards in winter
island are becoming endangered
revitalized /riːˈvaɪtəlaɪz/ Adjective
indigenous /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/ Adjective
if you feel revitalized, you feel full of energy again
the indigenous people of a place are the people
after you have been feeling tired and lacking energy
who belong there and already lived there before
other people came. Indigenous animals or plants I felt revitalized after my shower | trust me – if you
have always lived where they are and have not been have a week off work you’ll come back revitalized
brought there by humans and ready to finish the project
indigenous to somewhere Verb: revitalize
the island has no indigenous inhabitants | the a trip to the seaside should revitalize you
indigenous population is very small here | hardly any
indigenous people chose to vote in the election | the
rubber tree is indigenous to South America

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