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12 views

Food Test

Uploaded by

faadelaali
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Date: 11/10/2023

Title: Food Test


Aim: To identify the different nutrients present in common foods
Apparatus: Beaker, Hot Plate, Measuring Cylinder, Test Tubes, Test Tube Holder,
Test Tube Rack, spatula, dropper, white tile, mortar and pestle
Materials: Ethanol, Distilled Water, Benedict’s Solution, dilute hydrochloric acid,
copper sulphate solution, iodine solution, egg, crix crackers, sucrose
Procedure:
1. Small amounts of each food sample in different test tubes with distilled water
to make a liquid sample.
2. Each test tube was labelled with a marker for each substance
3. Each test tube was tested for reducing sugars, starch, protein and fats
Results:
Table 1: Table showing various food test done and the changes observed
Test Method Observation Inference (present/
(colour change) absent)
Reducing Sugars Benedict’s Test:
(simple sugars e.g. Place 2cm3 of the
Glucose, Fructose) sample into a test
tube. Add 2cm3 of
Benedict’s
solution, shake
this mixture and
boil gently
Starch Iodine Test:
Pour 2cm3 of the
sample to the test
tube followed by a
few drops of iodine
solution
Protein Biuret Test:
Pour 2cm3 of the
sample into a test
tube followed by
2cm3 of sodium
hydroxide. Shake
the mixture and
add 2 drops of
copper sulphate
solution. Shake
the mixture.
Fats Emulsion Test:
Pour 2cm3 of the
sample into a test
tube with 2cm3 of
ethanol. Shake the
mixture vigorously
and add 3cm3 of
water. Shake
again vigorously.

Discussion:
Food test with Benedict’s solution is used to test for simple sugars such as glucose.
This is a clear solution of sodium and copper salts. In the presence of simple sugars,
the blue solution changes colour to either green, yellow or brick- red depending on
the amount of sugar.

Food Test with Iodine Solution is used to identify the presence of starch, a complex
carbohydrate. Iodine solution (potassium iodine solution) reacts with amylase (a type
of starch) whereby blue-black polyiodide complex is formed.

Food test with Biuret solution is used to identify the presence of protein. It detects
the presence of peptide bonds. Peptide bonds form a violet chelate complex with
copper II ions present in Biuret Reagent.

Food test using ethanol to determine the presence of lipids (fats and oils). The
solubilities of lipids in ethanol and water are used to test for lipids and lipids are
soluble in ethanol but not in water. As a result, if lipids are present a milky white
suspension is formed.

Conclusion:
The food test determined the presence of the below
Reducing sugars in ___________
Starch in _____________
Protein in ________
Fats in ________

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