1.

Change Gridlines to be dashed

About rulers, grids, and guides
In Expert mode, rulers, grids, and guides help you position items (such as selections, layers, and shapes) precisely across
the width or length of an image. In Quick mode, only grids are available.
When visible, rulers appear along the top and left side of the active window. Markers in the ruler display the pointer’s
position when you move it. Changing the ruler origin (the 0, 0 mark on the top and left rulers) lets you measure from a
specific point on the image. The ruler origin also determines the grid’s point of origin.
Use the View menu to show or hide the rulers (Expert mode only), the grid, or the guide. The View menu also helps you
to enable or disable the snapping of items to the grid or guide.

Change the rulers’ zero origin and settings

1. In Expert mode, do one of the following:
 To change the rulers’ zero origin, position the pointer over the intersection of the rulers in the upper-left corner
of the window, and drag diagonally down onto the image. A set of cross hairs appears, marking the new origin on
the rulers. The new zero origin will be set where you release the mouse button.
Note: To reset the ruler origin to its default value, double-click the upper-left corner of the rulers.

Dragging to create a new ruler origin

 To change the rulers’ settings, double-click a ruler, or choose Edit > Preferences > Units & Rulers. For Rulers,
choose a unit of measurement. Click OK.
Note: Changing the units on the Info panel automatically changes the units on the rulers.
Change the guides and grid settings
1.Choose Edit > Preferences > Guides & Grid.
2.Under the Guides or Grids area:
 Choose a preset color, or click the color swatch to choose a custom color.
 Choose the line style for the grid. Choose Lines for solid lines, or choose Dashed lines or Dots for broken lines.
3.For Gridline Every, enter a number value, and then choose the unit of measurement to define the spacing of major grid
lines.
4.For Subdivisions, enter a number value to define the frequency of minor grid lines, and click OK.
2.Content Aware Fill Area
3. create Document for Video
4. Printing with color management
Let Photoshop determine printed colors
If you have a custom color profile for a specific printer, ink, and paper combination, letting
Photoshop manage colors often produces better results than letting the printer manage colors.
1.Choose File > Print.
2.Expand the Color Management section at right.
3.For Color Handling, choose Photoshop Manages Colors.
4.For Printer Profile, select the profile that best matches your output device and paper type. If
there are any profiles associated with the current printer, they are placed at the top of the
menu, with the default profile selected.
The more accurately the profile describes the behavior of the output device and printing
conditions (such as paper type), the more accurately the color management system can
translate the numeric values of the actual colors in a document. (See Install a color profile.)
5.(Optional) Set any of the following options:
Rendering Intent Specifies how Photoshop converts colors to the destination color space. (See
About rendering intents.)
Black Point Compensation Preserves the shadow detail in the image by simulating the full
dynamic range of the output device.

6.(Optional) Below the print preview, select any of the following:

Match Print Colors Select to view image colors in the preview area as they will actually print.
Gamut Warning Enabled when Match Print Colors is selected. Select to highlight out-of-gamut
colors in the image, as determined by the selected printer profile. A gamut is the range of
colors that a color system can display or print. A color that can be displayed in RGB may be out
of gamut for your current printer profile.
Show Paper White Sets the color white in the preview to the color of the paper in the
selected printer profile. This produces a more accurate print preview if you're printing on off-
white paper such as newsprint or art papers that are more beige than white. Since absolute
white and black create contrast, less white in the paper will lower the overall contrast of your
image. Off-white paper can also change the overall color cast of the image, so yellows printed
on beige paper may appear more brown.
7.Access the color management options for the printer driver from the Print Settings dialog
box, which automatically appears after you click Print.
 In Windows, click the Print Settings button to access the printer driver options.
 In Mac OS, use the pop-up menu from the Print Settings dialog box to access the printer
driver options.
8.Turn off color management for the printer, so the printer profile settings won’t override your
profile settings.
Every printer driver has different color management options. If it’s not clear how to turn off
color management, consult your printer documentation.
9.Click Print.
Let printer determine printed colors
If you don’t have a custom profile for your printer and paper type, you can let the printer
driver handle the color conversion.

1.Choose File > Print.

2.Expand the Color Management section at right.
Note: The Document Profile entry shows the profile embedded in the image.
3.For Color Handling, choose Printer Manages Colors.
4.(Optional) For Rendering Intent, specify how to convert colors to the destination color space.
A summary of each option appears in the Description area at bottom.
Many non-PostScript printer drivers ignore this option and use the Perceptual rendering intent.
(For more information, see About rendering intents.)
5.Access the color management options for the printer driver from the Print Settings dialog
box, which automatically appears after you click Print:
 In Windows, click Print Settings to access the printer driver options.
 In Mac OS, use the pop-up menu from the Print Settings dialog box to access the printer
driver options.
Every printer driver has different color management options. If it’s not clear how to turn on
color management, consult your printer documentation.
6.Click Print.
Print a hard proof
A hard proof (sometimes called a proof print or match print) is a printed simulation of your
final output on a printing press. A hard proof is produced on an output device that’s less
expensive than a printing press. Some inkjet printers have the resolution necessary to produce
inexpensive prints that can be used as hard proofs.
1.Choose View > Proof Setup, and select the output conditions you want to simulate. You can
do this using a preset or by creating a custom proof setup. See Soft-proof colors.
The view changes automatically according to the proof you choose. Choose Custom to create
custom proof settings, which you must save so you can select them in the Proof Setup menu of
the Print dialog box.

2.After you select a proof, choose File > Print.

3.Expand the Color Management section at right.
4.For Color Handling, choose Photoshop Manages Colors.
5.For Printer Profile, select the profile for your output device.
6.From the menu above the Proof Setup menu or Rendering Intent menu, select Hard Proofing.
The Proofing Profile entry below should match the proof setup you selected earlier.
7.(Optional) Set any of the following options:
Proof Setup Choose any customized proofs that exist locally on your hard drive.
Simulate Paper Color Simulates what colors look like on the paper of the simulated device.
Using this option produces the most accurate proof, but it is not available for all profiles.
Simulate Black Ink Simulates the brightness of dark colors for the simulated device. Using this
option results in more accurate proofs of dark colors, but it is not available for all profiles.
8.Access the color management options for the printer driver from the Print Settings dialog
box, which automatically appears after you click Print.
 In Windows, click the Preferences button to access the printer driver options.
 In Mac OS, use the pop-up menu from the Print Settings dialog box to access the printer
driver options.
9.Turn off color management for the printer so that the printer profile settings don’t override
your profile settings.
Every printer driver has different color management options. If it’s not clear how to turn off
color management, consult your printer documentation.
10.Click Print.
5.Use style presets
6.
7.
8.
The blending mode specified in the options bar controls how pixels in the image are affected by a painting
or editing tool. Think in terms of the following colors when visualizing a blending mode’s effect:
 The base color is the original color in the image.
 The blend color is the color being applied with the painting or editing tool.
 The result color is the color resulting from the blend.

Blending mode descriptions

Choose from the Mode pop-up menu in the options bar.
Note:
 In the Blend Mode pop-up menu, scroll over different options to see how they look on
your image. Photoshop displays a live preview of blend modes on the canvas.
 Only the Normal, Dissolve, Darken, Multiply, Lighten, Linear Dodge (Add), Difference,
Hue, Saturation, Color, Luminosity, Lighter Color, and Darker Color blending modes are
available for 32-bit images.
Normal Edits or paints each pixel to make it the result color. This is the default mode. (Normal
mode is called Threshold when you’re working with a bitmapped or indexed-color image.)
Dissolve Edits or paints each pixel to make it the result color. However, the result color is a
random replacement of the pixels with the base color or the blend color, depending on the
opacity at any pixel location.
Behind Edits or paints only on the transparent part of a layer. This mode works only in layers
with Lock Transparency deselected and is analogous to painting on the back of transparent
areas on a sheet of acetate.
Clear Edits or paints each pixel and makes it transparent. This mode is available for the Shape
tools (when fill region is selected), Paint Bucket tool , Brush tool , Pencil tool , Fill
command, and Stroke command. You must be in a layer with Lock Transparency deselected to
use this mode.
Darken Looks at the color information in each channel and selects the base or blend color—
whichever is darker—as the result color. Pixels lighter than the blend color are replaced, and
pixels darker than the blend color do not change.
Multiply Looks at the color information in each channel and multiplies the base color by the
blend color. The result color is always a darker color. Multiplying any color with black produces
black. Multiplying any color with white leaves the color unchanged. When you’re painting with
a color other than black or white, successive strokes with a painting tool produce progressively
darker colors. The effect is similar to drawing on the image with multiple marking pens.
Color Burn Looks at the color information in each channel and darkens the base color to
reflect the blend color by increasing the contrast between the two. Blending with white
produces no change.
Linear Burn Looks at the color information in each channel and darkens the base color to
reflect the blend color by decreasing the brightness. Blending with white produces no change.
Lighten Looks at the color information in each channel and selects the base or blend color—
whichever is lighter—as the result color. Pixels darker than the blend color are replaced, and
pixels lighter than the blend color do not change.
Screen Looks at each channel’s color information and multiplies the inverse of the blend and
base colors. The result color is always a lighter color. Screening with black leaves the color
unchanged. Screening with white produces white. The effect is similar to projecting multiple
photographic slides on top of each other.
Color Dodge Looks at the color information in each channel and brightens the base color to
reflect the blend color by decreasing contrast between the two. Blending with black produces
no change.
Linear Dodge (Add) Looks at the color information in each channel and brightens the base
color to reflect the blend color by increasing the brightness. Blending with black produces no
change.
Overlay Multiplies or screens the colors, depending on the base color. Patterns or colors
overlay the existing pixels while preserving the highlights and shadows of the base color. The
base color is not replaced, but mixed with the blend color to reflect the lightness or darkness
of the original color.
Soft Light Darkens or lightens the colors, depending on the blend color. The effect is similar to
shining a diffused spotlight on the image. If the blend color (light source) is lighter than 50%
gray, the image is lightened as if it were dodged. If the blend color is darker than 50% gray, the
image is darkened as if it were burned in. Painting with pure black or white produces a
distinctly darker or lighter area, but does not result in pure black or white.
Hard Light Multiplies or screens the colors, depending on the blend color. The effect is similar
to shining a harsh spotlight on the image. If the blend color (light source) is lighter than 50%
gray, the image is lightened, as if it were screened. This is useful for adding highlights to an
image. If the blend color is darker than 50% gray, the image is darkened, as if it were
multiplied. This is useful for adding shadows to an image. Painting with pure black or white
results in pure black or white.
Vivid Light Burns or dodges the colors by increasing or decreasing the contrast, depending on
the blend color. If the blend color (light source) is lighter than 50% gray, the image is lightened
by decreasing the contrast. If the blend color is darker than 50% gray, the image is darkened
by increasing the contrast.
Linear Light Burns or dodges the colors by decreasing or increasing the brightness, depending
on the blend color. If the blend color (light source) is lighter than 50% gray, the image is
lightened by increasing the brightness. If the blend color is darker than 50% gray, the image is
darkened by decreasing the brightness.
Pin Light Replaces the colors, depending on the blend color. If the blend color (light source) is
lighter than 50% gray, pixels darker than the blend color are replaced, and pixels lighter than
the blend color do not change. If the blend color is darker than 50% gray, pixels lighter than
the blend color are replaced, and pixels darker than the blend color do not change. This is
useful for adding special effects to an image.
Hard Mix Adds the red, green and blue channel values of the blend color to the RGB values of
the base color. If the resulting sum for a channel is 255 or greater, it receives a value of 255; if
less than 255, a value of 0. Therefore, all blended pixels have red, green, and blue channel
values of either 0 or 255. This changes all pixels to primary additive colors (red, green, or blue),
white, or black.
Note: For CMYK images, Hard Mix changes all pixels to the primary subtractive colors (cyan,
yellow, or magenta), white, or black. The maximum color value is 100.
Difference Looks at the color information in each channel and subtracts either the blend color
from the base color or the base color from the blend color, depending on which has the
greater brightness value. Blending with white inverts the base color values; blending with
black produces no change.
Exclusion Creates an effect similar to but lower in contrast than the Difference mode. Blending
with white inverts the base color values. Blending with black produces no change.
Subtract Looks at the color information in each channel and subtracts the blend color from the
base color. In 8- and 16-bit images, any resulting negative values are clipped to zero.
Divide Looks at the color information in each channel and divides the blend color from the
base color.
Hue Creates a result color with the luminance and saturation of the base color and the hue of
the blend color.
Saturation Creates a result color with the luminance and hue of the base color and the
saturation of the blend color. Painting with this mode in an area with no (0) saturation (gray)
causes no change.
Color Creates a result color with the luminance of the base color and the hue and saturation of
the blend color. This preserves the gray levels in the image and is useful for coloring
monochrome images and for tinting color images.
Luminosity Creates a result color with the hue and saturation of the base color and the
luminance of the blend color. This mode creates the inverse effect of Color mode.
Lighter Color Compares the total of all channel values for the blend and base color and
displays the higher value color. Lighter Color does not produce a third color, which can result
from the Lighten blend, because it chooses the highest channel values from both the base and
blend color to create the result color.
Darker Color Compares the total of all channel values for the blend and base color and
displays the lower value color. Darker Color does not produce a third color, which can result
from the Darken blend, because it chooses the lowest channel values from both the base and
the blend color to create the result color.

Blending mode examples

These examples show the result of painting part of the image’s face using each blending mode.

Original image Normal, 100% Normal, 50% opacity Dissolve, 50%

opacity opacity

Behind Clear Darken Multiply

Screen
Color Burn Linear Burn Lighten

Linear Dodge (Add) Overlay

Color Dodge Soft Light

Vivid Light Linear Light Pin Light

Hard Light
 Difference Subtract
Hard Mix Exclusion

Color
Hue Saturation
Divide

Luminosity, 80%
Lighter Color Darker Color
opacity
z
The Top 10 Essential Tools in Photoshop :

1. Selection Tools

 Save
The first tool that we are going to discuss is selection tool. The selection tool is used to create selection of any object or
image. This tool is considered as one of the essential tools of photoshop. Within selection tool there are several tools
available for designers to choose as per their convenience like

Rectangular marquee, elliptical marquee tool, polygon selection tool, lasso tool and others.

2. Brush Tools

 Save
Brush tool works as a digital paint brush. It basically works like traditional painting tool. In Photoshop, designers get
option of various brush tips to choose from . They can adjust their diameter, rotate the angle and can maintain the
hardness and smoothness of the brush according to their requirements

Photoshop offers a gallery of brush tips. Other than that, you can also download different brush sets from various websites
available on the internet.
 You can also modify the flow and opacity of the brush through brush property panel. Where opacity control the
transparency, the flow control the amount of color applied.

3. Crop Tool

As the name suggests, crop tool let you crop a part of image or object. To activate crop tool you can press ‘C’. It is one of
the popular tools designers used to remove the unwanted area of the image.

4. Spot Healing Brush Tool

Photoshop is ruling the image editing industry with its powerful editing tools. Photoshop offers advanced retouching
palette to correct the image imperfections. Spot healing brush tool is one of the retouching tools available in photoshop.

The spot healing tools works by automatically taking the samples from the surrounding area and then you can adjust the
uneven skin with it. This is a not to skip tool and should be included in an ideal Photoshop course for photographers.
5. Healing Brush Tool

Similar to spot healing brush tool, healing brush tool allows you to correct the blemishes, uneven skin tone and
imperfections of the image by taking samples.

The only difference in between these two is in spot healing tool, it detects the sample automatically but in healing brush
tool,one has to take sample manually.

6. Clone Stamp Tool

Clone stamp is used to copy a certain area of the image to another. With the help of clone tool you can duplicate a certain
part of the image and then you can place it on any image of the same mode.
7. Gradient Tool

You can blend two or more colors using the gradient tool. Gradient tool allows the designers to smoothly merge multiple
colors into one.

You can select Gradient tool by pressing ‘G’ there are total 5 types of gradient available in Photoshop : Linear, radial,
angular, diamond and reflect gradient

8. Pen Tool

Pen tool is vital part of Photoshop that is used to create selection and path of certain area. Initially people find it hard to
operate the pen tool but once you get comfortable with it, you can create wonders with the tool.
9. Dodge and Burn Tool

Dodge and burn tool is part of image editing palette in Photoshop. You can make areas dark or light using these tools.
They help you to adjust the highlights, shadows and midtones of the image.

It is always advisable to use them in a limited manner to avoid image destruction.

10. Blur and Sharpen Tool

Blur and sharpen tool as the name suggests, are used to blur or sharpen the image pixels. Using blur tool, you can modify
any sharp areas or edges in the image. The sharpen tools works in the same way. You can use it to highlight certain areas
of image

for example, you can use sharpen tool on certain model to make her/ his eyes and brows sharp and can use the blur tool on
areas like hairs, lips to make them little smoother.

So these are the top 10 tools that Photoshop offers to designer. Besides this, there is so much in Photoshop that you can
explore like layer masking, filter gallery, blending modes, layer styles etc to master this software.

As a leading Graphic design training institute in Delhi, Graphic Design Institute offers excellent courses in Photoshop.
We have Photoshop courses specially curated for everyone in the industry. Whatever your need is we teach according to
that. We have special Photoshop courses for web students, architecture students, Graphic students, fashion design
students, photographer and basically for everyone out there.

So that’s for all now. Stay tuned with us for more informative blogs.
Till then, keep exploring!

Infographic on Top 10 Essential Tools in Photoshop :

Flash cards
Action A recorded step or series of steps that can be saved and played back in order to apply similar changes to multiple
images.
Adobe Bridge An application within Photoshop that is used to manage and browse files and file folders.
Aspect Ratio The affiliation of the width and height in an image's proportions.
Auto-Tone A feature which maximizes the tonal range in each channel of the image.
Batch Processing A process within Photoshop CC that allows the user to automatically perform the same set of operations
on a selection of files.
Bevel and Emboss A layer style that adds a combination of shadows and highlights to a layer.
Bitmap Mode An image mode that uses black or white color values to represent the pixels in an image.
Blending Mode An option specified in the options bar or Layers panel that controls the interaction of pixels in adjacent
layers or how pixels are affected by painting/editing tools.
Blur Tool A Photoshop focus tool used to reduce detail on precise areas of an image.
Brush Tool A drawing tool in Photoshop CC which gives the user the ability to draw freestyle using a variety of styles
Burn Tool A blending tool used to increase the amount of exposure to be applied to a specified area of an image.
Camera Raw A method of displaying photographic information about an image
Canvas The workspace where an image is attached.
CIN A video raster-based file format (Cineon) that is used with video formats and is proprietary to Kodak.
Clone Stamp Tool A tool in Photoshop CC that samples a specific portion of an image that can be applied to another
image or another part of the same image. It is useful for removing image artifacts or for repairing missing portions of an
image.
CMYK Cyan Magenta Yellow Black is a color model used for professional printing.
Color Picker A Photoshop CC tool used to choose or define colors for the background and foreground using a color
spectrum or numerical values.
Color Profile A color management tool that is used to define the range of colors within a color model that is represented
within the profile.
Content-Aware Scale A tool used to select and adjust specific objects in an image rather than an entire image.
Contrast The difference in brightness between the light and dark areas of an image. Contrast controls the number of
shades in the image.
Copyrighted Material An original work whose creator has the sole license to create
Channel An optical depiction for each of the colors of light (red, green & blue).
Character Panel A Photoshop CC panel that provides the user with the ability to change text attributes
DCS Digital Color Separation is a print raster-based file format that is used to save print files. It is used less than other
print raster formats.
Delete Cropped Pixels An option that will remove excess pixels once an image is cropped.
Derivative Work A work or creation that is created from or based on a preexisting creation.
DICOM A medical industry standard for storing digital imaging and communications in medicine
Digital Camera A camera device used for recording and storing digital images.
DNG An Adobe open image format used for manipulating digital images. (Digital Negative)
Dodge Tool A blending tool used to reduce or increase the amount of exposure on a specified area.
Duotone A color mode that uses two colors

DWG A binary file format that is vector-based. It is used to save vector-based files.
Embed A process that saves content as part of a publication.
EPS A file extension for a vector-based graphics file format. (Encapsulated PostScript)
Eyedropper Tool A color selection tool which gives the user the ability to choose a color by grabbing it from an image.
Fair Use of Copyright A copyright policy which implies parts of copyrighted works can be used without permission
provided the use is reasonable and does not adversely affect the profit that may be expected by the copyrighted owner.
Feathering A Photoshop CC tool used to smooth the edges of a selection by building a transition boundary between the
selection and its surrounding pixels.
Filter A tool used in Photoshop CC to enhance and change the composition of an image.
Fill The background of a specific object used to fill graphic effects in Photoshop CC.
Fill Opacity An option that allows for the opacity adjustment of pixels painted on a layer without affecting the opacity of
any effects applied to the layer.
Flattened image Also known as a background. All layers are collapsed into one single layer.
Floating Panel A panel that can be moved anywhere within the workspace. It is not docked to one area.
Free Transform A tool used to for adjusting a selected images scale with the mouse.
Fuzziness A feature which allows more tones to be included in an adjustment.
GIF A bitmap or raster file format used by the World Wide Web. Limited to 256 colors.
Gradient Map A feature which maps the tones in an image to a selected gradient.
Grayscale A color mode with a maximum of 256 colors that renders an image in a range of grays from white to black.
Guide A Photoshop layout tool that is used to help a user to align or position properties of a document.
Histogram A graph which depicts all the different tones of the image.
History Brush Tool A tool that restores an image to its original state by painting in the original information.
Intellectual Property An idea
JPEG A compression algorithm for condensing the size of image files by subdividing and simplifying complex images.
JPEG images are commonly used for photographic quality images over the Internet.
Lasso Tool A Photoshop selection tool used like the Pencil tool to draw freehand selections around image objects.
Layer A segment of a Photoshop CC image document which is separated from other segments for isolated editing. They
are stacked like pieces of paper or pancakes.
Magic Wand Tool A selection tool used to select a range of similar tonal levels.
Mask A Photoshop CC tool used to isolate and protect areas of an image as color changes
Match Color Tool A tool which allows the user to make two different images look similar.
Merge A Photoshop feature used to combine two or more images to create a larger image
Metadata Information that describes the photographic content of an image.
Opacity A value that determines how transparent the paint will appear on an image. The lower the value
OpenEXR A video raster-based file format that is used in conjunction with video files.
Patch Tool A content-aware tool that will clear an area based on the destination area determined by the user.
PDF A file format that displays a digital document with text or graphics. It can be viewed
Pen Tool A Photoshop selection tool used to make precise selections with sharp
Photoshop CC An Adobe graphics editing program. It is used to create and retouch images.
Pixel A single dot in a digital image that is assigned a specific location and color value. Pixels are the base elements for all
images in Photoshop.
PNG An image file format which supports grayscale.

Project A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product

Project Plan A roadmap for a project that is used to outline project scope and other elements that ultimately leads to
project completion.
Properties Panel A Photoshop CC panel used to display layer properties and elements.
PSB Large Document Format is a specialty format that is used to save very large Photoshop files.
PSD The default Photoshop file format which is also print raster-based. It is used in conjunction with print files.
Puppet Warp A Photoshop CC tool which allows the user to specify pivot points
Selection Tool A Photoshop CC tool in which a user can select a specific pixel or part of an image.
Raster Image A graphic image type that displays a grid of pixels. The raster image type is used in various image files with
varying formats.
Resolution The number of pixels displayed per unit of printed length in an image
Tint Hue + white
RGB Red Green Blue is a color model used for web, film & video.
Rotate Tool A Photoshop CC transform tool used to rotate an object from a specific reference point.
Scanner A peripheral device used for scanning images and converting them into digital data.
Snap To A Photoshop CC function that forces an object to line up with guidelines or other predefined objects such as
rulers.
TARGA A raster-based video file format that is used to save video formats and was created by Truevision
TIFF A flexible bitmap or raster image format with a wide application support base.
Type Tool A Photoshop CC tool used to enter type and vector graphics onto a document.
Vector A graphic image type that defines an image using paths rather than pixels.
Workspace The layout of panels and tool boxes in the Photoshop application which may be arranged and saved by the
user.
Zoom Tool A Photoshop navigation tool used to zoom in and out on an image.
Shade Hue + black
Tone Hue w/ both black, white or gray added
Primary Colors Red, Yellow, Blue
Secondary Colors Blending together primary: orange, violet, green
Tertiary Blending together primary and secondary: yellow-green, red-orange, etc
Complimentary Colors that are opposite on wheel, they create high contrast: blue & yellow, etc.
Pixels Smallest areas of illumination on an electronic display
Pixel Shading Using changes in value to create light and shadow
Positive space Area/volume occupied
Hue Pure color
Negative space Empty area/volume around primary objects
Visual perspective Proportional scaling of objects as they move toward the vanishing point
Vanishing point The point where two receding parallel lines appear to meet
Spacial Relations Specifies how some object is located in space in relation to some reference object
Texture Variations in form and color to create an uneven surface
Principles of design Set of rules or guidelines used to create artwork
Movement The path the viewer's eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas

Emphasis Area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a focal point
Harmony Sameness, the belonging of one thing with another
Variety Combining visual elements to achieve intricate and complex relationships
Balance Distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space
Contrast Arrangement of opposite elements e.g. rough vs smooth texture
Proportion Relative size and scale of the various elements in a design
Pattern Increases visual excitement by enriching surface interest using repetition
Unity Exists when your elements agree !important!
Symmetrical Balance All sides equal
Horizontal symmetry The left side of a single point and right side are mirrored
Radial Symmetry Equal length from a center point e.g. rings created by dropping a pebble in a puddle
Asymmetrical Balance Using similar objects to create balance
Asymmetry Placing objects off center or heavy to one side of a point to create a weighted side
Proximity How close objects are arranged
Rule of Thirds Guideline of an image being divided into three horizontal and three vertical sections, creating focal points
where the lines cross
Color Model Mixing base colors to create a spectrum of colors
Gamut total spectrum a given model can create
Additive Method starts with no color, or black, colors are added to create final color.
Subtractive Method Starts with all color or white, colors are removed to create final color
Bitmap In raster images, each pixel is mapped on a coordinate grid

Alpha Channel
varies the opacity of the color. Transparent -> Full opacity

Masking color
single shade of color that can be set to transparent
Optimizing
applying the most appropriate resolution and image file compression to achieve the smallest file size for the image quality
needed

Compression
uses mathematical formulas to approximate the location and color of each pixel to reduce file size

Lossy compression algorithm

compresses image without keeping clarity

Lossless compression algorithm

compresses image and keeps clarity

Dithers
when enlarging and image causes the existing pixels to spread out

Dots/pixels per inch

Measure of pixels along the horizontal axis of an image multiplied by the amount of pixels on the vertical axis

Resampled
During resizing of an image, creating a new image w/out reducing the resolution

Bicubic Reduction
optimized program for removing pixels

Bicubic Enlargement
Optimized program for creating pixels

What are the lossless image formats?

GIF, PNG-8, PNG-24,

What is a lossy image format?

JPEG
What are vector image formats?
SVG, EPS, PDF

Font/Typeface
collection of letters, numbers and symbols of the same design or style

Serifs
Decorative marks at the end of letters

Sans Serif
No decorative marks on letters

Client Goals
End direction of the client work

Target Market
Audience for the intended work

Sketching
Freehand drawing of the design

Specifications
scope of the work needed to be done

Deadline
Date project must be delivered to the client

Scope
How long the project will take to complete and how many people are needed.

Proof
copy of final output created for approval, signing off on a proof is client given approval to create the final output needed
Hard proof
a physical proof printed on a paper or various other substances

Soft Proof
Viewed on computer

Adobe Creative Cloud

offers ways to share files, give feedback save settings across devices

Swatches
small samples of color

Styles
preset or custom adjustments that can be applied to objects and layers

Content-Aware Scale Tool

attempts to make decisions regarding changes to the content of the image

Content-Aware Move Tool

Move: cuts the selection and will move it to another are of the image, the hole will automatically blend and the moved
selection will also automatically blend
Extend: copies the selection instead of moving it

Elliptical marquee tool

"marching ants" creates a selection in a rectangle shape

Save selection
Using the select drop down box, you can save a specific selections of pixels

Load selection
Using the select drop down box, you can reselect the same group
Nondestructive editing
will not permanently erase image data

Sharpen Edges
A smart filter, this will outline the edges making them more clear

Unsharp Mask
Gives you more control over the sharpness of the edges

Pixel Mask
allows you to darken or erase parts of a layer below it to show through

Fill Layer
A layer completely filled in by color or gradient or pattern

Gray
Semi-transparent

White
Opaque

New Guide
can allow you to create a view of the rule-of-thirds

Kerning
spacing of two letters adjacent to each other

Contact Sheet
contains many different images printed as thumbnail images on a single sheet

Thumbnail Image
small version of the full-size image
Constrain Proportions
locks proportions (width and height)

Relative Colormetric
adjusts colors before printing that are out of gamut to the nearest color in gamut

Working CMYK
tells photoshop during proof setup to render RGB color as CMYK color for the printer

Composite Image
consists of two or more images, commonly blended

Landmarks
critical features on an image

Free Transformation
operation in which you can scale, rotate, skew, distort, change perspective, or wrap the image

Anti-Aliasing
blends the edges of an image or element, such as text, by averaging foreground and background colors to smooth edges