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2024 Trig Functions Notes

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21 views

2024 Trig Functions Notes

Uploaded by

wolferdzak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Trigonometric Functions

Amplitude (A) – The amplitude of a curve is given by its maximum


displacement with respect to its horizontal axis of symmetry.
𝐴 = ½(𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑦 – 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑦). Use your sketches to determine the amplitude in each
graph.
Period – When we have a full graph (one complete cycle/graph). Use your
sketches to determine the period of each graph.

Range – set of all the y-values.

A. Sine Graph
𝒚 = 𝒂 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒃𝒙) + 𝒒 OR 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 ± 𝒑)
a = Amplitude (Amplitude is always positive) p causes a horizontal shift
= direction -p: shift to the right
360𝑜
= Period +p: shift to the left
𝑏
q = vertical shift Example

Exercise.
1. Draw accurate graphs of the following functions for
[0o;360o] on the same set of axes:
a. 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
b. 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝟒𝟓°)
c. 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝒙 + 𝟒𝟓°)
2. What is the effect of p in each of the above graphs if 𝑦 = sin(𝑥 ± 𝑝)?
3. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for [−180𝑜 ; 180𝑜 ].
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝒉(𝒙) = 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = −𝒇(𝒙)
a. Determine the amplitude of 𝑓(𝑥).
b. Determine the period of 𝑔(𝑥).
c. Determine the range of 𝑔(𝑥).
d. Determine the range of 𝑘(𝑥) if 𝑘(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥) + 1.
e. Determine the values of x for which 𝑔(𝑥) > ℎ(𝑥).
4. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for [0𝑜 ; 360𝑜 ].
𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙
𝟐
𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙) − 𝟏
a. Determine the amplitude of 𝑓(𝑥).
b. Determine the period of 𝑔(𝑥).
c. Determine the range of 𝑔(𝑥).
d. Determine the range of 𝑘(𝑥) if 𝑘(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 1.
e. Determine the values of x for which 𝑓(𝑥) > 𝑔(𝑥).
Page 1 of 5
1. Draw accurate graphs of the following functions for [0 o;360o] on the same set of axes:
a. 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚

b. 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝟒𝟓°)
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚

c. 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝒙 + 𝟒𝟓°)
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚

3. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for [−180𝑜 ; 180𝑜 ].
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝒙 −𝟏𝟖𝟎° −𝟗𝟎° 𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
𝒚

𝒉(𝒙) = 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝒙 −𝟏𝟖𝟎° −𝟗𝟎° 𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
𝒚

𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = −𝒇(𝒙)


𝒙 −𝟏𝟖𝟎° −𝟗𝟎° 𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
𝒚

4. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for [0𝑜 ; 360𝑜 ].
𝟏
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙
𝟐
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚
𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙) − 𝟏
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚

Page 2 of 5
B. Cos Graph
𝒚 = 𝒂 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒒 OR 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝒙 ± 𝒑)
a = Amplitude (Amplitude is always positive) p causes a horizontal shift
= direction -p: shift to the right
360𝑜
= Period +p: shift to the left
𝑏
q = vertical shift Example

Exercise.
1. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for
[0𝑜 ; 390𝑜 ].
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙 − 𝟑𝟎° )
a. Determine the amplitude of 𝑓(𝑥).
b. Determine the period of 𝑔(𝑥).
c. Determine the range of 𝑔(𝑥).

1. Sketch the following graphs on the same set of axes for [0𝑜 ; 390𝑜 ].
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎° 𝟑𝟗𝟎°
𝒚

𝒈(𝒙) 𝒊𝒇 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙 − 𝟑𝟎° )


𝒙 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎° 𝟑𝟗𝟎°
𝒚

Page 3 of 5
C. Tan Graph
𝒚 = 𝒂 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒒 OR 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒙 ± 𝒑)
a = direction p causes a horizontal shift
-p: shift to the right
180𝑜
= Period +p: shift to the left
𝑏
q = vertical shift

Exercise.
1. Sketch the following graph for [−360𝑜 ; 360𝑜 ] by using
45o intervals.
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙
a. Determine the amplitude of 𝑓(𝑥).
b. Determine the period of 𝑓(𝑥).
c. Determine the range of 𝑓(𝑥). Example

1. Sketch the following graph for [−360𝑜 ; 360𝑜 ] by using


45o intervals.
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙
𝒙 −𝟑𝟔𝟎° −𝟑𝟏𝟓° −𝟐𝟕𝟎° −𝟐𝟐𝟓° −𝟏𝟖𝟎° −𝟏𝟑𝟓° −𝟗𝟎° −𝟒𝟓° 𝟎° 𝟒𝟓° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟏𝟑𝟓° 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟐𝟐𝟓° 𝟐𝟕𝟎° 𝟑𝟏𝟓° 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒚

Page 4 of 5
Trig Graph Interpretation
EXAMPLES:

1) Given 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 cos(𝑥 + 𝑝) and ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑐 tan(𝑑𝑥) for −180 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180

a) Determine 𝑎; 𝑝; 𝑐; 𝑑

b) How many solutions does ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) have in this interval?


𝑥 1
c) Write down the period of 𝑓 ( ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑥)
3 3

d) 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) shifted 15 degrees horizontally to the left and 2 units up. Give
the equation and range of 𝑔(𝑥)

Exercise:

Exercise 6.9 on pg. 168 – 169

No. 1; 2; 3
Page 5 of 5

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