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Data&Information

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Anik Dutta
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18 views

Data&Information

Uploaded by

Anik Dutta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANIK’S TUTORIAL

Data, Information and Concepts of Data Processing


What is Data?

Data is unorganised raw facts that need processing without which it is seemingly random and
useless to humans.

What is Information?

Information is a processed, organised data presented in a given context and is useful to humans.

What are the differences between Data and Information?

Data Information

Data is unorganised raw facts that need Information is a processed, organised data presented
processing without which it is seemingly in a given context and is useful to humans.
random and useless to humans

Data is an individual unit that contains Information is a group of data that collectively carry a
raw material which does not carry any logical meaning.
specific meaning.

It is measured in bits and bytes. Information is measured in meaningful units like


time, quantity, etc.

An example of data is a student’s test The average score of a class is the information
score derived from the given data.

Types of Data

1. Non-Digital Data: The Data which are not directly processed into computer system are
called non-digital data.
Types of Non-Digital Data

a. Numeric Data: This type of data is represented in numbers. Numeric data can be whole
numbers, fractional numbers, positive or negative numbers.
Example: 50, -30, 53.67 etc.
b. Alphabetic Data: All letters and special characters are into this category of data.
Example: India, &, $ etc.
c. Alphanumeric Data: Letters and numbers together are known as alphanumeric data.
Example: abc1, WB2503 etc.
d. Audio Data: Different types of sound or music data are known as audio data.
Example: Speech, Word, Song etc.
e. Graphics Data: Still photos or images are known as graphics data.
Example: Drawing, photograph etc.
f. Video Data: Movies are known as video data.
Example: Multimedia, Cinema etc.
2. Digital Data: Non-digital data is processed and converted in to computer recognizable
format. Then it is called Digital data.
ANIK’S TUTORIAL

Example: Data stored in pen drive, hard disk etc.


3. Logical Data: Different types of condition are known as logical data.
Example: TRUE/FALSE, ON/OFF etc.

What is Data Processing?

The process in which data is collected and translated into usable information, is known as Data
processing.

Types of Data processing

Manual Data Processing: Data is processed manually without using any machine or tool to get the
required results. In manual data processing, all the calculations and logical operations are performed
manually on the data.

Electronic Data Processing: This is a modern technique to process data. The data is processed
through a computer; Data and set of instructions are given to the computer as input, and the
computer automatically processes the data according to the given set of instructions.

What is Data Processing cycle?

Data Processing Cycle is term used to explain the sequence of steps or process used to process the
raw data and turn it into readable form and generate meaningful information.

Data Processing cycle

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