MBA Wallah

Batch: PIONEER (CAT)

Subject : Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension
DPP - 03
Topic : Intro to Critical Reasoning - Conclusions

Direction : Read the following passage and answer the men and women differ in the ratio of gray and white
question that follows: matter, although they might have the same
intellectual abilities (Brett & Wilton, 2020). For
1. Moral ethics is doing what one ought to do to example, in the areas responsible for logical
minimize pain and increase benefits to humankind analysis and processing of abstract information,
and other living species capable of feeling pain and men have approximately six times more gray matter
pleasure. John Doe ignores the moral theories of than women.
“utilitarianism” and “deontology.” The former What is the conclusion made in the passage?
advocates for maximum benefits to the majority I. Men and women have different structures of
beneficiaries, while the latter requires honesty and the brain.
sticking to original moral obligations. He infringes II. Men have a higher intellectual ability than
on the well-being of the authors by using The Cloak women.
App, which allows him to download copy-righted III. Men have more gray matter than women.
content undetected, thereby flopping his moral IV. Men use reasoning to solve problems and
obligations. One can tell who a person is by what tasks.
they do while alone with no one watching. Since (a) Only I and II (b) Only II, II and III
“The Cloak App” hides John’s identification and (c) Only I and III (d) Only I, III, and IV
probably the professor does not check for
plagiarism, he justifies his actions by his ‘desiring’ 3. The design thinking project is a common analytical
an economic status. Morality is to love one’s family method to endorse innovation in solving various
and friends, keep one’s promises, and care for the business and organizational problems. Tutors
entire universe’s well-being. Doe cares to benefit should create effective working environments for
only himself (egoism) while ignoring all those their students and make sure goals are clearly
involved in producing the copy-righted articles. defined, tasks are complete, and achievements are
John’s action is therefore unethical and deserves evaluated. Online learning is a trend that many
resentment despite some moral theories supporting facilities implement, and Western Sydney
his actions. University also prefers this method of education. At
What is the conclusion made from the passage? this moment, the problem definition phase is that
(a) It is unethical for John Doe to use The Cloak not many students are properly engaged with online
App learning. According to Peng (2017) and Pujiani
(b) Utilitarianism and deontology are moral (2020), student engagement is a necessary
theories component of a learning process that includes
(c) John Doe does not care for the universe's well- behavioral, emotional, and cognitive factors. If
being young people cannot deal with their emotions,
(d) John Doe is justified in his actions choose behaviors, and stay motivated, they fail
some tasks. My view of the problem lies in poor
2. Logic is the ability to make a decision, reason engagement with online learning, which results in a
correctly, solve various problems, and draw the lack of explanation, support, and cooperation
right conclusions. It is considered that men’s logic between students and educators.
is based on thoughts and women’s – on emotions What is the conclusion made in the passage?
(Brett & Wilton, 2020). Men are guided by (a) Online learning is a trend that many facilities
cognition when solving problems and tasks, and implement.
women are dominated by intuitive perception. (b) Student engagement is a necessary component
Using magnetic resonance imaging, scientists of a learning process.
studied how people of different genders solved the (c) Poor engagement with online learning results
same problems. The results showed that the reason in a lack of explanation, support, and
was not only in the peculiarities of psychology but cooperation between students and educators.
mainly in the different structures of the brain (Brett (d) Western Sydney University prefers online
& Wilton, 2020). In particular, it was found that learning.
 MBA Wallah

4. Scientism argues that hard sciences provide punishment of federal drug-related crimes, which in
superior scientific knowledge as the only source of turn has reduced inequality in sentences for crimes.
genuine and absolute truths. The hard sciences, What conclusion can be made from the passage?
including physics and biology, rely on laws of (a) The history of the American justice system has
nature or experimentation. They produce reliable been stable.
results based on testable, factual, and replicable (b) The American justice system has always
data. Scientism regards soft sciences as inferior or favored rehabilitation over punishment.
pseudosciences since their conjectures and guesses (c) The ideology of correctional institutions in the
are not replicable or factual but subject to change. United States has oscillated over time.
It seeks to differentiate the two science categories (d) The American justice system has been
based on the value of their information, with hard consistent in its punishment methods.
sciences presenting more valuable knowledge than
soft sciences. The reliance on subjectivism makes 6. A system is a group of interrelated parts that form a
soft sciences prone to influences by human nature, unified whole for a specific purpose. The system’s
leading to contradictory ideas on the same topics of definition underlines the dependence of the parts of
principles. Overall, scientism accords greater a system as its essential characteristic. The
intellectual authority to hard over soft sciences in collection of elements that are not united by a
knowledge matters. specific purpose and do not function in an
What conclusion can be made from the passage? interdependent way cannot be called a system.
(a) scientism views hard sciences as superior to Integrity holds the elements together and makes the
soft sciences and regards the latter as inferior system work. It allows the system to maintain
or pseudosciences. stability and ensure continuous operation. Such
(b) Scientism does not value the contributions of intricate work of one single body makes the process
soft sciences. of analyzing it much more challenging. Various
(c) Hard sciences are the only reliable source of processes and relationships are needed to be taken
knowledge. into account to maintain the stability of a system.
(d) Scientism is the only scientific theory. The most effective systemic approach to analyzing
the parts of the system and their integration is
5. The ideology of correctional institutions is divided systems thinking.
into the following methods, namely punishment, What conclusion can be made from the passage?
prevention, and rehabilitation. Over time, these (a) Systems thinking is the most effective systemic
methods with delinquency have changed like a approach to analyzing the parts of a system and
pendulum in American history. Correctional their integration.
ideology is reflected in the swinging pendulum (b) Systems thinking is the only way to ensure the
analogy because the history of criminal justice in continuous operation of a system.
the United States shows the oscillation between (c) A system must have more than one element to
severe judicial discretion and mild rehabilitation. be considered a system.
The pendulum model illustrates how justice has (d) Systems thinking is the only way to maintain
changed over the past two decades. One example of the unity of a system.
the pendulum model includes recent attempts to
reduce criminal penalties. In addition, over the past 7. The academic writing process can be summarized
two decades, people have fought against severe by five distinctive stages. First, the discovery and
penalties in areas such as sentencing laws and the investigation stages require writers to engage with
increased use of solitary confinement. Also, sources. Critical thinking is essential, as a
fluctuations in the U. S. death penalty justice descriptive approach to the sources is inefficient.
illustrate how much the justice system is changing. Instead, writers must outline an analysis of the
Justice either abolishes the death penalty at the selected information (University of Lynchburg,
federal level or partially restores it. Another recent n.d). Critical thinking occurs throughout active
correlative policing has been concerning the reading when a writer is able to discern useful
 MBA Wallah

sources from those that are irrelevant to the topic of 9. Based on the analysis of the different
their work. Second, the second stage includes the communication strategies put into action by
prewriting tasks of academic work such as different organizations both small and large-scale;
outlining, freewriting, brainstorming, and it is evident that external communication whose
clustering information (Staffordshire University, target is customers and stakeholders has been
2022). Further critical thinking is required as a highly perfected through the skills of marketing,
writer will have to consider additional factors such and communication specialists. The rationale
as the intended audience, the purpose of the work, behind the perfection of this communication area is
and the current gaps in academic literature that the that; the move is deemed as capable of creating
work addresses. more income, better public relations; better use of
What is the most correct conclusion made from the resources, better client information and keeping of
passage? available clients. The other rationale for perfecting
(a) Critical thinking is essential for discovering external communication and plan execution is that;
and investigating sources. the move is helpful in the development of strategic
(b) Outlining and freewriting are important plans to aid long-term decision making.
prewriting tasks. What conclusion can be made from the passage?
(c) Writing should address gaps in academic (a) Small organizations use better communication
literature. strategies than large-scale organizations.
(d) Writers should engage with sources (b) Marketing and communication specialists are
descriptively. the only individuals capable of perfecting
external communication.
8. The first fact about poverty in the United States (c) The perfection of external communication is
essential to know is its concentration by race and aimed at improving income and relations with
ethnicity. According to Cohen, “American Indians customers and stakeholders.
and African Americans are more than three times (d) The perfection of external communication is
more likely, and Latinos are more than twice as solely for the development of long-term
likely, to be poor than Whites”. It is evident that decision making plans.
poverty rates differ for racial-ethnical groups as a
result of numerous socio-economic factors. 10. Welfare of the people takes the central place in any
Therefore, being aware of this tendency and focused leadership and, therefore, it is imperative
acknowledging the problem are essential steps to that the key aim of a good leader is to reach such a
addressing inequality and discrimination in society. goal. It is a well known fact that people have various
Another critical fact is the relationship between opinions which is not a curse but a blessing because
poverty and family structure. Single-parent diversity is the fact that enables development. This
households in the US are more likely to face means that a good leader must have tolerable traits
hardships in life. It is important to know which which constitute ability to asses and analyze the role
social groups require social support to overcome or of every individual in the political, social or
avoid poverty. economic systems. Most people are driven by
What conclusion can be made from the passage? egocentric interests when they are in power making
(a) Poverty is not a major issue in the United them become the puppets of their respective
States. advisory councils with adverse effects of giving
(b) Poverty affects different racial and ethnic blind consent on irrational decisions. A critical
groups differently in the United States. thinker has the ability to make consultative based
decisions that he or she must go through and make
(c) The family structure has no relation to poverty the best judgment that suits the interest of common
in the United States. man.
(d) Poverty affects all racial and ethnic groups What is the most correct conclusion made from the
equally in the United States. passage?
 MBA Wallah

(a) A good leader must be able to make strictly intrinsic. Concepts about the transfer or
consultative based decisions. innateness of dignity can have a significant impact
(b) People have various opinions which is a on medical practice. A doctor who believes that it is
blessing. they who give dignity to other people by paying
(c) Power corrupts and people become the puppets attention to them runs the risk of falling into
of their respective advisory councils. misconceptions that distort moral representations.
(d) A good leader must be tolerant and be able to At the same time, a physician who professes equal
assess and analyze the role of individuals in the human dignity and believes it is intrinsic is able to
systems they are leading in order to make respect the patient’s autonomy. However, this, in
decisions that benefit the common man. turn, can create treatment dilemmas if patient
autonomy conflicts with the specialist’s
11. The bio diesel industries have been under attack by professionalism.
some critics who have used some false statistics and What conclusion can be made from the passage?
misrepresentation to make their point. In this (a) Human dignity is both an intrinsic and
article, the author quotes a world bank report that transferable concept.
argued that Bio fuels in American and Europe has (b) Dignity is an exclusively external concept that
pushed food prices up by more than 75 % can only be given by one person to another.
contradicting another White House report that had (c) Doctors should always prioritize the patient’s
claimed that the contribution of bio fuels towards autonomy above their professional standards.
increase in food prices is negligible. According to (d) Social institutions, class, and experience have
this report, other factors have marginal contribution no influence on the concept of human dignity.
and bio fuels are to blame for the skyrocketing food
prices. According to the report without bio fuels, the 13. The healthcare policy framework is a
worldwide maize and wheat stocks would not have multidimensional phenomenon involving influence
declined like they have and this would have kept on patient care and expertise level among medical
food prices low. This report therefore implies that practitioners. According to research, different
crop driven fuels are responsible for the food riots guidelines impact the local and international
that have been witnessed in various parts of the medical care delivery approach. One country that
world and rising cases of starvation caused prominently appreciates the institutionalization of
exceedingly high food prices. The article attacks the distinct values on people’s welfare is the US. The
industry by claiming that it takes food and turns it factor rendered the articulation of critical roles and
into fuel. responsibilities of the various administrative organs
What is the most correct conclusion made from the contributing to the affordable plan for the residents.
passage? Apt coordination among all stakeholders in the
(a) Bio fuels should be completely abolished. strategizing and implementation of the framework
(b) Food prices will continue to rise due to bio fosters a profound trickle-down effect of accrued
fuels. benefits in the healthcare sector.
(c) Crop-based fuels are responsible for the What conclusion can be made from the passage?
increase in food prices. (a) The healthcare policy framework only exists in
(d) Other factors have marginal contribution to the the US.
increase in food prices. (b) The healthcare policy framework in the US is
focused on coordination between all
12. Dignity should be perceived as an innate and stakeholders.
inalienable trait of any person, regardless of social (c) The healthcare policy framework only impacts
institutions, class, and experience. At the same the local medical care delivery approach.
time, dignity is not only an internal concept since it (d) The healthcare policy framework is not
is something that can be given by one person to important for the welfare of people.
another, such as respect or favor. This means that
the concept of human dignity may not always be
 MBA Wallah

14. The oceanic ecosystem is very crucial to human enterprise institutions to prioritize the proper use of
beings’ survival. About fifty percent of humans’ machinery against the essence of profit margin.
protein requirements come from the blue economy. What is the most correct conclusion made from the
The rapid growth of people’s population implies the passage?
need to ensure a sustainable aquatic ecosystem. (a) Engineering is a profession that requires
Several measures already exist to promote observation of ethical and moral standards.
sustainability in the area. However, a majority of (b) Whistleblowing is important for the
the currently existing marine conservation sustainability of business relationships.
guidelines do not have adequate provisions for (c) Stakeholders' participation is crucial to ensure
research activities to inform best practices in the equal distribution of resources.
area. Marine conservation methods like the (d) The government and enterprise institutions
universal documentation of fishing vessels with a should prioritize profit margins over the proper
distinct global system number, creation of marine use of machinery.
protected zones, and the worldwide catch share
measures all lack effective research provisions as of 16. The situation in Pioneering Technologies (PT) is
now. Providing exempted fishing permits is one of complex and ethically unstable. On the one hand,
the possible policy-based solutions that can help Owl Vision is a unique product in the field of bionic
marine research to be steered around existing eyes with clear strategies and benefits for customers.
fishing policies. On the other hand, the causes of fall-off because of
What conclusion can be made from the passage? some changing conditions are poorly investigated. In
(a) Most marine conservation methods have other words, no guarantees are given to explain the
provisions for research activities to inform best shortages of the new product. Regarding such
practices. conditions, the utilitarian ethical framework must be
(b) There is a need for policy-based solutions to applied as the most consistent option with PT’s
promote marine research in the oceanic corporate culture. The main idea of this approach is
ecosystem. that morally right steps are those leading to the best
(c) The oceanic ecosystem is not crucial to human outcomes for many people and resulting in the
survival. greatest overall good (Halbert & Ingulli, 2015). The
(d) Marine conservation methods have adequate company should analyze the harms and benefits of
provisions for research activities. the campaign and the product not only in relation to
its success but all stakeholders and users who may be
15. Engineering is one of the professional practices that affected by the decision (Halbert & Ingulli, 2015).
highly influence individuals’ daily livelihood, The examples include the evaluation of long- and
hence the importance of observing ethical and short-term outcomes. Many individuals can be
moral standards. The public perception engulfs the attracted by the campaign at the beginning, but their
significance of exploiting sustainable initiatives to problems and concerns would grow with time,
ensure the longevity of the business relationships. challenging the company’s reputation.
In research by Taebi, whistleblowing by Vandivier, What conclusion can be made from the passage?
a former BF Goodrich employee through the I. Pioneering Technologies (PT) is unethical and
published article portrayed the essence of ethics in should be avoided.
the industry. It is crucial to integrate values and II. The product Owl Vision has no benefits.
perspectives based on relevant stakeholders’ III. The utilitarian ethical framework is the best
participation to enhance the optimal objective on approach for PT's corporate culture.
equal distribution of resources. The intersection of IV. The campaign and product should be evaluated
benefactors’ impressions stimulates the profound in relation to its success and all stakeholders.
impact of the clarity and the principality while (a) Only I and II
enhancing technological advancement. It is the (b) Only III
primary responsibility of the government and (c) Only III and IV
(d) Only IV
 MBA Wallah

17. Currently, the United States is promoting a tightening procedures mitigate the risk by limiting
monetary policy that is conducive to the business the sums available to untrustworthy customers.
market and encourages open entrepreneurial What conclusion can be made from the passage?
relationships. According to Miranda-Agrippino and (a) High-risk customers should be charged a
Rey (2020), this incentive principle implies higher interest rate.
reducing domestic credit, increased opportunities (b) Loan agreements are the best way to mitigate
for open trading, and moving away from credit risk.
international liquidity as a constraint. At the same (c) Tighter procedures are the best way to mitigate
time, despite the relatively loose monetary policy, credit risk.
the principles of fiscal regulation are more (d) Managing credit risk is essential for companies
stringent. As Rickman and Wang (2020) state, and banks.
increased tax requirements have a negative impact
on the business of individual companies. One of the 19. Artifacts in Macomb Community College show that
main reasons is the social hardship caused by the it promotes concentration, attentiveness, and
COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, the responsibility, which is reflected in the logo.
government’s need to ensure a steady flow of funds Looking at the architecture of the buildings, some
to support the budget. of which use chrome-plated modern high-tech
What conclusion can be made from the passage? structures, one can assume that technology and
1. The United States is promoting a monetary science are the main focus of educational programs.
policy that is harmful to the business market Nonetheless, the central older building and a park
2. The United States is promoting a monetary with large trees create an atmosphere of solitude
policy that is beneficial to the business market and introspection, which is more in line with the
3. The United States is promoting a fiscal policy study of fine arts and social sciences. Equally
that is harmful to the business market important, the college has a high culture of mutual
4. The United States is promoting a fiscal policy help and respect and cherishes community
that is beneficial to the business market relations, which is reflected in the developed bus
(a) Only 1 route system available to students.
(b) Only 1 and 4 What is the conclusion made from the passage?
(c) Only 1 and 3 (a) Technology and science are the main focus of
(d) Only 2 and 3 educational programs.
(b) The college cherishes community relations.
18. Managing credit risk is a process that all credit (c) The college promotes concentration,
companies and bank have to engage in to reduce the attentiveness, and responsibility.
losses from when the risk does not pay off. When a (d) The atmosphere of solitude and introspection
company provides a loan to a customer, there is is important.
always a risk of them not paying up, thus resulting
in net losses to the organization. If I were to design 20. With the rapid progress of the pandemic and its
credit policies for high-risk customers, I would have painfully long staying power, a range of changes
made said policies easier to account for such risks. have been introduced into the social setting. Among
There are several strategies that could be the key requirements reinforced by healthcare
implemented, namely risk-based pricing, loan services, wearing masks has become by far the most
agreements, and tightening procedures. Risk-based difficult standard to reinforce, mostly due to the
pricing suggests giving services to risky clients at a negative responses among the U.S. population.
higher interest rate to compensate for their potential Although having masks mandated as a part of the
inability to pay. Loan agreements allow for state regulations might seem slightly drastic and is
structuring the loans in a way that mitigates the risk, unlikely to change people’s perceptions, yet it will
either by utilizing the person’s property or some lead to a shift in behaviors, which is a doubtlessly
other kind of valuables as insurance. Finally, positive outcome.
 MBA Wallah

What is the most correct conclusion made from the microbes suggests that mental as well as physical
passage? evolution exists. Max Verworn, a giant of German
(a) The U.S. population does not like wearing physiology, was unconvinced.
masks. Which of the following(s) can be concluded from
(b) State regulations are unlikely to change the above?
people's perceptions about wearing masks. (i) It is Alfred Binet and Herbert Spencer
(c) The wearing of masks will lead to a shift in Jennings, who need to be credited for proving
behaviors. the veracity of Darwin's theory.
(d) The pandemic has caused many changes in the (ii) Given that the scientists began finding evidence
social setting. for the presence of mental faculties, it can be
said that mental faculties take precedence over
21. Education exclusion is one of the leading social physical attributes for establishing life form/s.
problems in Africa. It results in the establishment of (iii) Darwin's theory is flawed as one of the
private schools for elites or looking for education scientists proved it wrong.
abroad to ensure a better quality of knowledge (iv) Even before Charles Darwin, it was already
(World Bank Group, 2018). These facts show that known that life originated from unicellular
there are multiple unresolved problems in Africa organisms.
deteriorating the functioning of educational (a) (i), (ii) and (iv)
establishments of all levels. The central issues (b) (i) and (iv)
include lack of schools, poor working environment, (c) (ii) and (iii)
barriers to education, and lack of governmental (d) None can be concluded
support (Hakura et al., 2016). These problems
deprive a significant part of the population of a 23. In an experiment, ten people were asked to taste
chance to get the desired education, find a job and samples of coffee and rank them. Five of the people
succeed. For this reason, it is vital to introduce were given chocolate with the coffee, and this group
measures that will help to promote positive change subsequently reported that all the coffee samples
and increase the accessibility of education. tasted pretty much the same as one another. Five
What is the most correct conclusion made from the others tasted coffee only, and they were able to
passage? detect differences. Clearly, then, chocolate
(a) There is a need for private schools in Africa. interferes with one's ability to taste coffee.
(b) Lack of governmental support is a major issue Which one of the following, if true, most
in Africa's education system. undermines the conclusion drawn above?
(c) Education abroad provides a better quality of (a) The ten people were randomly assigned to
knowledge. either the group that tasted only coffee or the
(d) All of the population in Africa have access to group that was also given chocolate, although
education. some people had asked to be in the group that
received chocolate.
22. Charles Darwin guessed that life arose from a single (b) Some subjects who tasted just coffee reported
ancestral 'form', presumed to be single- celled. only subtle differences between the coffee
Soon, scientists in Germany, France and the United samples, while others thought the differences
States began investigating microscopic organisms were considerable.
for evidence of mental faculties (perception, (c) Chocolate is normally consumed as a solid,
memory, decision-making, learning). All three whereas coffee is normally consumed as a
groups were headed by men destined for eminence. liquid.
Two of them - Alfred Binet, the psychologist who (d) The five people who were originally given
devised the first practical intelligence test, and chocolate were asked a week later to taste
Herbert Spencer Jennings, who laid the foundations coffee samples without chocolate, and they
of mathematical genetics - were persuaded by their still detected no differences between the coffee
research that Darwin was right: behaviour even in samples.
 MBA Wallah

24. The introduction of new genetic technologies that 26. There are organizations that set guidelines to secure
allow people to locate and modify genetic codes has employee satisfaction, safety, and loyalty. For
received many mixed opinions on the technology. instance, Coca-Cola can exhibit its solid obligation
In particular, the discussion of genetic to the business principles it has created. The
modifications circulates around the possibilities of organization’s implicit rules incorporate essential
definitions, disciplinary activity principles, and
human embryo modifications and ethical
different assets that might profit workers. This way,
considerations of the consequences of such
Coca-Cola establishes the policy of the Equal
experiments. Experts have concerns about the Employment Opportunities Commission (EEOC).
societal issues that might occur with the widespread Facebook covers significant subjects, including
application of genetic modification programs such harassment, provocation, and insurance of client
as CRISPR. information. All Facebook administrators
What conclusion can be made from the passage? worldwide go to compulsory sexual harassment
(a) The introduction of new genetic technologies training, which incorporates an exhaustive audit of
is widely accepted. policy and material law. The company follows the
(b) The technology to modify genetic codes has Harassment policy covered under the Alberta
raised concerns among experts. Human Rights Act.
What conclusion can be made from the passage?
(c) CRISPR is the only genetic modification
(a) Organizations like Coca-Cola and Facebook
program that has raised concerns.
have policies in place to ensure employee
(d) There are no ethical considerations related to satisfaction.
the consequences of genetic modification (b) Coca-Cola is the only organization that has
experiments. policies in place to ensure employee
satisfaction, safety, and loyalty.
25. In the middle of 80s of XX centuries, the (c) Facebook is the only organization that
renaissance of interest in the issues of economic provides sexual harassment training.
growth and the factors determining the course of the (d) The EEOC is the only policy followed by
growth process happened, especially human capital. Coca-Cola.
Research led to a critical analysis of the
27. In the United States, each state has its specially
achievements to date and initiated work on new
established laws regarding immigration on top of
growth theories on the basis of which the broadly
the governing federal laws. Consequently, some
understood technical progress is interdependent, states have tougher immigration rules than others,
accumulation of scientific and technical knowledge depending on several factors. Some of these factors
and human capital is primarily the result of include demographics, geography, religion, history,
intentional investment decisions of consumers and and lawmakers. The state immigration policies
producers as well as countries that implement a shape the lives of immigrants in terms of education
specific long-term economic policy. and socioeconomic status, among others. While
What conclusion can be made from the passage? Alabama and California have a relatively high
(a) Human capital is the only factor influencing immigrant populations, Alabama has tougher
economic growth. immigration policies than California.
What conclusion can be made from the passage?
(b) The growth process is largely dependent on
(a) Immigrants in Alabama are more educated
human capital, technical progress, and the
than those in California.
implementation of a long-term economic (b) The immigration policies of each state are the
policy. same.
(c) The long-term economic policy is the most (c) Alabama has the toughest immigration policies
important factor. in the United States.
(d) The renaissance of interest in economic growth (d) The immigration policies of a state can have an
happened in the 90s. impact on the lives of immigrants, such as in
terms of education and socioeconomic status.
 MBA Wallah

28. Numerous significant public health issues concern 30. Seasonal Agriculture Worker Program (SAWP) is a
people and governments and need to be properly governmental program that allows Canadian
and effectively addressed in the nearest future. One farmers to hire employees from the Caribbean and
such problem is childhood obesity and overweight. Mexico. Foreign workers receive temporary visas
The statistics show that the rates are growing, and during the seasons of planting and harvest. Migrant
each year, more kids become obese, which farmworkers face problems of abuse during their
undermines their current health and increases the working season. There are many cases of violation
likelihood of developing severe disorders in the of labor laws for migrant employees, and it is
future (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive essential to examine how SAWP undermines
and Kidney Diseases, 2017). In addition to the fault accommodations for Caribbean and Mexico
of numerous parents, who instill in their children migrants and seek an efficient solution.
unhealthy eating habits, there are several other Which of the following is the correct conclusion
causes of obesity in kids. They include increased that can be made from the passage?
access to fast food and reduced promotion of (a) SAWP is a beneficial program for Canadian
nutritious meals, especially in schools where farmers and migrant workers.
children spend almost every day during twelve (b) SAWP is a well-administered program with no
years developing many habits, namely eating issues.
behavior. (c) SAWP undermines accommodations for
What conclusion can be made from the passage? Caribbean and Mexican migrant workers and
(a) Fast food is the only cause of childhood causes labor law violations.
obesity. (d) SAWP only affects Caribbean and Mexican
(b) Parents are solely responsible for childhood migrant workers.
obesity.
(c) Childhood obesity and overweight is a
growing concern for public health.
(d) Childhood obesity affects health only in the
future.

29. A gang is a group of associates that comes together

to fulfill their purposes. It may involve family
members, friends, or comrades who claim control
over a given territory. Gangs are involved in
criminal activities such as theft, intimidation,
robbery, kidnapping, and other forms of violence.
In most cases, they are formed as a result of social
exclusion and discrimination that drives them to
have a similar objective to accomplish. They
operate in cities, towns, and urban centers where
they have influence and knowledge of the system
around them.
What conclusion can be made from the passage?
(a) Gangs are only found in urban areas.
(b) Gangs are a result of social exclusion and
discrimination.
(c) Gangs only engage in theft and intimidation.
(d) Gangs are always made up of family members,
friends, or comrades.
 MBA Wallah

Answer Key
1. (a) 11. (c) 21. (b)
2. (d) 12. (a) 22. (d)
3. (c) 13. (b) 23. (d)
4. (a) 14. (b) 24. (b)
5. (c) 15. (a) 25. (b)
6. (a) 16. (c) 26. (a)
7. (a) 17. (d) 27. (d)
8. (b) 18. (a) 28. (c)
9. (c) 19. (b) 29. (b)
10. (d) 20. (c) 30. (c)
 MBA Wallah

Hints & Solutions

1. (a) III. Men have more gray matter than women is
The passage states that John Doe ignores the moral correct, as the passage states that in the areas
theories of “utilitarianism” and “deontology.” He responsible for logical analysis and processing of
infringes on the well-being of the authors by using abstract information, men have approximately six
The Cloak App, which allows him to download times more gray matter than women.
copy-righted content undetected, thereby flopping IV. Men use reasoning to solve problems and tasks
his moral obligations. It also states that morality is is correct, as the passage states that men are guided
to love one’s family and friends, keep one’s by cognition when solving problems and tasks, and
promises, and care for the entire universe’s well- women are dominated by intuitive perception.
being, and that John Doe cares to benefit only Hence, only I, III, and IV are correct.
himself (egoism) while ignoring all those involved
in producing the copy-righted articles. This implies 3. (c)
that the conclusion made from the passage is that it Option C, "Poor engagement with online learning
is unethical for John Doe to use The Cloak App. results in a lack of explanation, support, and
Hence, option A is correct. cooperation between students and educators," is the
Option B is incorrect because although the passage most correct conclusion made in the passage. This
states that utilitarianism and deontology are moral conclusion is made based on several assumptions
theories, this is not the conclusion made from the and statements made in the text. The text explains
passage. that online learning is a method implemented by
Option C is incorrect because although the passage Western Sydney University, but the problem
states that John Doe does not care for the universe's definition phase is that not many students are
well-being, this is not the conclusion made from the properly engaged with online learning.
passage. Additionally, the text cites two sources (Peng, 2017,
Option D is incorrect because although the passage and Pujiani, 2020) that student engagement is a
states that some moral theories support John Doe's necessary component of the learning process,
actions, this does not mean he is justified in his including behavioral, emotional, and cognitive
actions, which is not the conclusion made from the factors. The author also notes that if students are not
passage. able to deal with their emotions, choose appropriate
behaviors, and stay motivated, they may struggle to
2. (d) complete tasks.
The correct answer is I. Men and women have Finally, the author's personal view of the problem is
different structures of the brain. The passage states stated as poor engagement with online learning,
that using magnetic resonance imaging, scientists which results in a lack of explanation, support, and
studied how people of different genders solved the cooperation between students and educators.
same problems, and the results showed that the Option A, "Online learning is a trend that many
reason was not only in the peculiarities of facilities implement," is mentioned in the text but is
psychology but mainly in the different structures of not the main conclusion of the passage.
the brain, and in particular, it was found that men Option B, "Student engagement is a necessary
and women differ in the ratio of gray and white component of the learning process," is also
matter, although they might have the same mentioned in the text “Student engagement is a
intellectual abilities. For example, in the areas necessary component of a learning process that
responsible for logical analysis and processing of includes behavioral, emotional, and cognitive
abstract information, men have approximately six factors”, but again it is not the main conclusion.
times more gray matter than women. Here, “Learning” word used is a broad term.
I. Men and women have different structures of the Option D, "Western Sydney University prefers
brain is correct, as the passage states that the results online learning," is also stated in the text, but it is
showed that the reason was not only in the not the main conclusion of the passage.
peculiarities of psychology but mainly in the Therefore, based on the information and analysis in
different structures of the brain. the passage, the most correct conclusion made is
II. Men have a higher intellectual ability than Option C, "Poor engagement with online learning
women is incorrect, as the passage does not make results in a lack of explanation, support, and
this conclusion. cooperation between students and educators."
 MBA Wallah

4. (a) judicial discretion and mild rehabilitation. Thus, it

Option A): The conclusion that can be made from can be concluded that the American justice system
the passage is that scientism views hard sciences as has oscillated between favoring rehabilitation and
superior to soft sciences and regards the latter as punishment, but not always favoring rehabilitation.
inferior or pseudosciences. This is because, C) The ideology of correctional institutions in the
according to the passage, hard sciences rely on laws United States has oscillated over time.
of nature or experimentation and produce reliable This option is correct, as the passage states that
results based on testable, factual, and replicable correctional ideology is reflected in the swinging
data, whereas soft sciences rely on subjectivism and pendulum analogy, illustrating how justice has
are prone to influences by human nature, leading to changed over the past two decades between severe
contradictory ideas on the same topics of principles. judicial discretion and mild rehabilitation. Thus, it
As a result, scientism assigns greater intellectual can be concluded that the ideology of correctional
authority to hard sciences in knowledge matters. institutions in the United States has oscillated over
Option B): Scientism does not value the time.
contributions of soft sciences - This statement D) The American justice system has been consistent
cannot be concluded from the passage because in its punishment methods.
although scientism views hard sciences as superior This option is incorrect, as the passage states that
to soft sciences, it does not necessarily mean that it the history of criminal justice in the United States
does not value any contribution of the latter. It shows the oscillation between severe judicial
simply asserts that hard sciences present more discretion and mild rehabilitation, illustrating how
valuable knowledge than soft sciences and it justice has changed over the past two decades.
accords greater intellectual authority to them in Thus, it can be concluded that the American justice
knowledge matters. system has not been consistent in its punishment
Option C): Hard sciences are the only reliable methods.
source of knowledge - This statement cannot be
concluded from the passage because while 6. (a)
scientism acknowledges the reliability of the results Option A): The conclusion that can be made from
produced by hard sciences, it does not imply that the passage is that systems thinking is the most
they are the only reliable source of knowledge. It effective systemic approach to analyzing the parts
simply states that the value of their information is of a system and their integration. This statement can
greater than that of soft sciences. be concluded from the passage because the passage
Option D): Scientism is the only scientific theory - states that the collection of elements that are not
This statement cannot be concluded from the united by a specific purpose and do not function in
passage because although scientism is a scientific an interdependent way cannot be called a system. It
theory, the passage does not indicate that it is the also states that integrity holds the elements together
only one or the most accepted one. It simply argues and makes the system work and that various
that hard sciences present more valuable knowledge processes and relationships are needed to be taken
than soft sciences and that scientism accords greater into account to maintain the stability of a system.
intellectual authority to them in knowledge matters. Finally, it states that the most effective systemic
approach to analyzing the parts of the system and
5. (c) their integration is systems thinking. This implies
A) The history of the American justice system has that systems thinking is the most effective approach
been stable. to analyzing the parts of a system and their
This option is incorrect, as the passage states that integration. Hence, option A is correct.
the history of criminal justice in the United States Option B): Systems thinking is the only way to
shows the oscillation between severe judicial ensure the continuous operation of a system - This
discretion and mild rehabilitation, illustrating how statement can never be concluded from the passage
justice has changed over the past two decades. because although the passage states that integrity
Thus, it can be concluded that the history of the holds the elements together and makes the system
American justice system has not been stable. work and allows the system to maintain stability
B) The American justice system has always favored and ensure continuous operation, it does not provide
rehabilitation over punishment. any information to suggest that systems thinking is
This option is incorrect, as the passage states that the only way to ensure the continuous operation of
correctional ideology is reflected in the swinging a system. Hence, option B is incorrect.
pendulum analogy, illustrating how justice has Option C): A system must have more than one
changed over the past two decades between severe element to be considered a system - This statement
 MBA Wallah

cannot be concluded from the passage because 8. (b)

although the passage states that the system’s A) Poverty is not a major issue in the United States.
definition underlines the dependence of the parts of This option is incorrect, as the passage states that
a system as its essential characteristic, it does not American Indians and African Americans are more
provide any information to suggest that a system than three times more likely, and Latinos are more
must have more than one element to be considered than twice as likely, to be poor than Whites,
a system. Hence, option C is incorrect. demonstrating the disparities in poverty rates
Option D): Systems thinking is the only way to among racial-ethnical groups in the US. Thus, it can
maintain the unity of a system - This statement can be concluded that poverty is a major issue in the
never be concluded from the passage because United States.
although the passage states that the system’s B) Poverty affects different racial and ethnic groups
definition underlines the dependence of the parts of differently in the United States.
a system as its essential characteristic, it does not This option is correct, as the passage states that
provide any information to suggest that systems American Indians and African Americans are more
thinking is the only way to maintain the unity of a than three times more likely, and Latinos are more
system. Hence, option D is incorrect. than twice as likely, to be poor than Whites,
demonstrating the disparities in poverty rates
7. (a) among racial-ethnical groups in the US. Thus, it can
Option A, "Critical thinking is essential for be concluded that poverty affects different racial
discovering and investigating sources," is the and ethnic groups differently in the United States.
correct conclusion made in the passage because the C) The family structure has no relation to poverty
author emphasizes the importance of critical in the United States.
thinking in the discovery and investigation stages of This option is incorrect, as the passage states that
the academic writing process. The author mentions single-parent households in the US are more likely
that a descriptive approach to sources is inefficient, to face hardships in life, demonstrating the relation
and instead, writers must engage in critical thinking between family structure and poverty in the US.
to analyze the selected information. The author also Thus, it can be concluded that the family structure
highlights the importance of critical thinking during has a relation to poverty in the United States.
active reading, where the writer must determine D) Poverty affects all racial and ethnic groups
which sources are useful for their work and which equally in the United States.
are irrelevant.
Option B, "Outlining and freewriting are important 9. (c)
prewriting tasks," is not a conclusion made in the Option A: Small organizations use better
passage. While the author does mention prewriting communication strategies than large-scale
tasks such as outlining and freewriting, they are not organizations. This option is incorrect as the
the main focus of the passage. This option is not a passage does not mention any comparison between
conclusion because it only describes part of the small and large-scale organizations' communication
academic writing process and does not summarize strategies. The focus of the passage is on the
the overall message of the passage. perfection of external communication in general,
Option C, "Writing should address gaps in rather than a comparison between different types of
academic literature," is not a conclusion made in the organizations.
passage. While the author mentions considering Option B: Marketing and communication
gaps in academic literature as a factor in the writing specialists are the only individuals capable of
process, it is not the main focus of the passage. This perfecting external communication. This option is
option is not a conclusion because it only mentions incorrect as the passage mentions "skills of
one aspect of the writing process and does not marketing, and communication specialists" but
summarize the overall message of the passage. does not state that only they are capable of
Option D, "Writers should engage with sources perfecting external communication. It could be
descriptively," is not a conclusion made in the possible for individuals from other backgrounds or
passage. In fact, the author mentions that a departments to have expertise in perfecting external
descriptive approach to sources is inefficient and communication. The passage simply mentions the
instead, writers must engage in critical thinking to skills of marketing and communication specialists
analyze the sources. This option is not a conclusion as contributing to the perfection of external
because it contradicts the main message of the communication.
passage, which is the importance of critical thinking Option C: The perfection of external
in the academic writing process. communication is aimed at improving income and
 MBA Wallah

relations with customers and stakeholders. This 11. (c)

option is correct as the passage mentions the Option C, "Crop-based fuels are responsible for the
rationale behind perfecting external communication increase in food prices," is the correct conclusion
as creating more income, better public relations, because the author uses evidence from multiple
better use of resources, better client information, sources to support this claim. The author references
and keeping of available clients. The passage a World Bank report that argues that biofuels in
clearly states that the main purpose of perfecting America and Europe have pushed food prices up by
external communication is to improve relationships more than 75% and contradicts a White House
with customers and stakeholders and increase report that claimed the contribution of biofuels to
income. the increase in food prices is negligible. The author
Option D: The perfection of external argues that other factors have a marginal
communication is solely for the development of contribution and that biofuels are the primary cause
long-term decision making plans. This option is of the increase in food prices. The author also
incorrect as the passage mentions that the perfection implies that crop-driven fuels are responsible for
of external communication is helpful in the food riots and rising cases of starvation.
development of strategic plans but not solely for the Option A, "Biofuels should be completely
purpose of long-term decision making. The passage abolished," is not the correct conclusion because the
mentions several other benefits of perfecting author does not explicitly state this. The author only
external communication, such as increasing income argues that biofuels are responsible for the increase
and improving relationships with customers and in food prices, not that they should be abolished.
stakeholders. While the development of strategic Option B, "Food prices will continue to rise due to
plans is one of the benefits, it is not the sole reason biofuels," is not the correct conclusion because the
for perfecting external communication. author does not make a prediction about the future.
The author only argues that biofuels have already
10. (d) contributed to the increase in food prices.
Option D is the correct conclusion because it Option D, "Other factors have marginal
summarizes the main points made in the passage contribution to the increase in food prices," is not
about the qualities and characteristics of a good the correct conclusion because the author argues
leader. The passage emphasizes that the welfare of that other factors have a marginal contribution, but
the people should be the central focus of a leader the primary cause of the increase in food prices is
and that a good leader must have tolerable traits in biofuels.
order to make decisions that benefit the common
man. It also mentions that a critical thinker has the 12. (a)
ability to make consultative based decisions, which Option A): The conclusion that can be made from
is further supported by the point that most people the passage is that human dignity is both an intrinsic
become the puppets of their advisory councils when and transferable concept. This is because, according
in power and that a good leader must assess and to the passage, it can be both given to another
analyze the role of individuals in the systems they person (e.g. respect or favor) and be innate and
are leading. inalienable, regardless of social institutions, class,
Option A, while mentioning the ability to make and experience. This means that the concept of
consultative based decisions, does not fully capture human dignity is not exclusively either of these two;
the idea that a good leader must have tolerant traits instead, it can be both. As a result, doctors may face
and be able to assess and analyze individuals in the certain dilemmas when it comes to respecting the
systems they are leading in order to make decisions patient’s autonomy while still adhering to
that benefit the common man. professional standards.
Option B states that people have various opinions Option B): Dignity is an exclusively external
which is a blessing, but does not mention the concept that can only be given by one person to
importance of a good leader having tolerable traits another: This statement cannot be concluded from
and being able to assess and analyze individuals in the passage since it is stated that dignity is both an
the systems they are leading in order to make innate and inalienable trait and can also be given by
decisions that benefit the common man. one person to another.
Option C mentions the idea that power corrupts and Option C): Doctors should always prioritize the
people become the puppets of their advisory patient’s autonomy above their professional
councils, but does not fully capture the main points standards: This statement cannot be concluded from
made in the passage about the qualities and the passage since it is stated that there may be
characteristics of a good leader. certain dilemmas that arise when a doctor must
 MBA Wallah

decide between respecting the patient’s autonomy marine conservation guidelines do not have
and adhering to professional standards. adequate provisions for research activities." This
Option D): Social institutions, class, and experience means that most marine conservation methods lack
have no influence on the concept of human dignity: provisions for research, which is the opposite of
This statement cannot be concluded from the what this option states.
passage since it is stated that dignity is an innate and Option B: There is a need for policy-based solutions
inalienable trait of any person, regardless of social to promote marine research in the oceanic
institutions, class, and experience. ecosystem. This option is correct as the passage
mentions that "providing exempted fishing permits
13. (b) is one of the possible policy-based solutions that
Option A: The healthcare policy framework only can help marine research to be steered around
exists in the US. This option is incorrect as the existing fishing policies." This implies that there is
passage mentions that "different guidelines impact a need for policy-based solutions to promote marine
the local and international medical care delivery research in the oceanic ecosystem. The conclusion
approach," implying that the healthcare policy made in the passage is that policy-based solutions
framework exists in other countries as well, not just are necessary to support marine research in the
the US. The passage only mentions the US as one oceanic ecosystem.
country that prominently appreciates the Option C: The oceanic ecosystem is not crucial to
institutionalization of distinct values on people's human survival. This option is incorrect as the
welfare, but it does not state that the healthcare passage mentions that "the oceanic ecosystem is
policy framework only exists in the US. very crucial to human beings’ survival" and that
Option B: The healthcare policy framework in the "about fifty percent of humans’ protein
US is focused on coordination between all requirements come from the blue economy." This
stakeholders. This option is correct as the passage means that the oceanic ecosystem is crucial to
mentions that "apt coordination among all human survival, and this option contradicts the
stakeholders in the strategizing and implementation conclusion made in the passage.
of the framework" fosters a profound trickle-down Option D: Marine conservation methods have
effect of accrued benefits in the healthcare sector. adequate provisions for research activities. This
The focus of the passage is on the importance of option is incorrect as the passage mentions that "a
coordination between all stakeholders in the majority of the currently existing marine
implementation of the healthcare policy framework conservation guidelines do not have adequate
in the US. provisions for research activities." This means that
Option C: The healthcare policy framework only most marine conservation methods lack provisions
impacts the local medical care delivery approach. for research, which is the opposite of what this
This option is incorrect as the passage mentions that option states.
"different guidelines impact the local and
international medical care delivery approach," 15. (a)
implying that the healthcare policy framework has The passage clearly states that "Engineering is one
a global impact, not just a local one. of the professional practices that highly influence
Option D: The healthcare policy framework is not individuals’ daily livelihood, hence the importance
important for the welfare of people. This option is of observing ethical and moral standards." This
incorrect as the passage mentions that one country conclusion supports option A, which states that
that prominently appreciates the institutionalization Engineering is a profession that requires
of distinct values on people's welfare is the US, observation of ethical and moral standards.
implying that the healthcare policy framework is Option B is also mentioned in the passage as
important for the welfare of people. The focus of "whistleblowing by Vandivier, a former BF
the passage is on the importance of the healthcare Goodrich employee through the published article
policy framework in contributing to the affordable portrayed the essence of ethics in the industry."
plan for the residents and its impact on people's However, this does not make it the conclusion of
welfare. the passage as the focus of the passage is on the
importance of ethical and moral standards in
14. (b) engineering. The passage also does not talk about
Option A: Most marine conservation methods have the importance of whistleblowing. Thus, option B
provisions for research activities to inform best is wrong.
practices. This option is incorrect as the passage Option C is also mentioned in the passage as "it is
mentions that "a majority of the currently existing crucial to integrate values and perspectives based
 MBA Wallah

on relevant stakeholders’ participation to enhance opportunities for open trading, and move away from
the optimal objective on equal distribution of international liquidity as a constraint. These actions
resources." However, this is not the main focus of would likely have a positive impact on the business
the passage and only serves to support the market.
conclusion of the importance of ethical and moral Statement-2: The United States is promoting a
standards in engineering. Thus, between option A monetary policy that is beneficial to the business
& C, option A is a better conclusion than C. market
Option D is not the conclusion of the passage as it This option is correct because the passage mentions
is only briefly mentioned and it is not the main that the monetary policy is conducive to the
focus of the passage. The passage states that "it is business market and encourages open
the primary responsibility of the government and entrepreneurial relationships. According to
enterprise institutions to prioritize the proper use of Miranda-Agrippino and Rey (2020), the monetary
machinery against the essence of profit margin." policy aims to reduce domestic credit, increase
This only serves to reinforce the importance of opportunities for open trading, and move away from
observing ethical and moral standards in international liquidity as a constraint. These actions
engineering and not to prioritize profit margins over would likely have a positive impact on the business
the proper use of machinery. market.
Statement-3: The United States is promoting a
16. (c) fiscal policy that is harmful to the business market
I. The passage does not make a conclusion that PT This option is correct because the passage mentions
is unethical and should be avoided. Instead, it that despite the relatively loose monetary policy, the
acknowledges that the situation is complex and principles of fiscal regulation are more stringent. As
ethically unstable, but that the utilitarian ethical Rickman and Wang (2020) state, increased tax
framework should be applied to analyze the harms requirements have a negative impact on the
and benefits. business of individual companies. This implies that
II. The passage does not conclude that Owl Vision the fiscal policy is harmful to the business market.
has no benefits. In fact, it states that Owl Vision is Statement-4: The United States is promoting a
a unique product with clear strategies and benefits fiscal policy that is beneficial to the business market
for customers. This option is incorrect because the passage
III. The conclusion that can be made from the mentions that despite the relatively loose monetary
passage is that the utilitarian ethical framework is policy, the principles of fiscal regulation are more
the most consistent option with PT’s corporate stringent. As Rickman and Wang (2020) state,
culture. The passage explains that the main idea of increased tax requirements have a negative impact
this approach is to make decisions that result in the on the business of individual companies. This
greatest overall good for many people. implies that the fiscal policy is harmful to the
IV. The conclusion that can be made from the business market, not beneficial.
passage is that the campaign and product should be Hence, options 2 and 3 are both correct.
evaluated in relation to its success and all
stakeholders and users who may be affected by the 18. (a)
decision. The passage explains that this evaluation Option A, "High-risk customers should be charged
should include the analysis of long- and short-term a higher interest rate," is the correct conclusion
outcomes, as many individuals can be attracted by because it is directly supported by the information
the campaign initially but may experience problems in the passage. The passage states that "risk-based
and concerns over time. pricing suggests giving services to risky clients at a
Hence, option III and IV both are correct. higher interest rate to compensate for their potential
inability to pay". This implies that, as a strategy to
17. (d) manage credit risk, high-risk customers are charged
Statement-1: The United States is promoting a a higher interest rate.
monetary policy that is harmful to the business Option B, "Loan agreements are the best way to
market mitigate credit risk," is incorrect because while loan
This option is incorrect because the passage agreements are mentioned as one of the strategies
mentions that the monetary policy is conducive to to mitigate credit risk, the passage does not state
the business market and encourages open that it is the best way. It simply states that loan
entrepreneurial relationships. According to agreements "allow for structuring the loans in a way
Miranda-Agrippino and Rey (2020), the monetary that mitigates the risk, either by utilizing the
policy aims to reduce domestic credit, increase
 MBA Wallah

person’s property or some other kind of valuables B) State regulations are unlikely to change people's
as insurance". perceptions about wearing masks. - This option is
Option C, "Tighter procedures are the best way to correct, but it is not the conclusion made from the
mitigate credit risk," is incorrect for the same reason passage. The conclusion made is that the wearing of
as option B. Tighter procedures are also mentioned masks will lead to a shift in behaviors, not that state
as one of the strategies to mitigate credit risk, but regulations are unlikely to change people's
the passage does not state that it is the best way. The
perceptions.
passage states that "tightening procedures mitigate
C) The wearing of masks will lead to a shift in
the risk by limiting the sums available to
untrustworthy customers". behaviors. - This option is correct and is the
Option D, "Managing credit risk is essential for conclusion made from the passage. The passage
companies and banks," is also not the correct states that although having masks mandated as part
conclusion because the passage does not state that of state regulations may not change people's
it is essential. The passage is focused on the perceptions, it will lead to a shift in behaviors,
strategies that can be used to manage credit risk, but which is a positive outcome.
it does not mention whether it is essential or not. D) The pandemic has caused many changes in the
In conclusion, the correct conclusion that can be social setting. - This option is correct, but it is not
made from the passage is that high-risk customers the conclusion made from the passage. The
should be charged a higher interest rate. conclusion made is that the wearing of masks will
lead to a shift in behaviors, not that the pandemic
19. (b) has caused many changes in the social setting.
The passage states that Macomb Community
College promotes concentration, attentiveness, and
21. (b)
responsibility, which is reflected in the logo and
that it has a high culture of mutual help and respect Option B) The passage talks about the problem of
and cherishes community relations, which is education exclusion in Africa, which results in the
reflected in the developed bus route system establishment of private schools for the elites or
available to students. This suggests that the looking for education abroad. It mentions that there
conclusion is option B) “The college cherishes are multiple unresolved problems in Africa that
community relations”. deteriorate the functioning of educational
Option A) “Technology and science are the main establishments, and the central issues include lack
focus of educational programs” is incorrect because of schools, poor working environment, barriers to
the passage does not make the conclusion that education, and lack of governmental support. This
technology and science are the main focus of information supports the conclusion that lack of
educational programs, but rather states that one can governmental support is a major issue in Africa's
assume that this is the case. education system.
Option C) “The college promotes concentration, Option A) There is a need for private schools in
attentiveness, and responsibility” is incorrect
Africa is not supported by the passage. While the
because the passage does not make the conclusion
establishment of private schools for the elites is
that the college promotes concentration,
attentiveness, and responsibility, but rather states mentioned, it is not stated that private schools are
that this is the case. necessary.
Option D) “The atmosphere of solitude and Option C) Education abroad provides a better
introspection is important” is incorrect because the quality of knowledge is supported by the passage
passage does not make the conclusion that the but is not the main conclusion that can be drawn
atmosphere of solitude and introspection is from it. It is mentioned as one of the reasons for
important, but rather states that it is more in line people looking for education abroad, but the main
with the study of fine arts and social sciences. focus of the passage is the problem of education
exclusion in Africa.
20. (c) Option D) All of the population in Africa have
A) The U.S. population does not like wearing access to education is incorrect because the passage
masks. - This option is correct, but it is not the mentions that these problems deprive a significant
conclusion made from the passage. The conclusion part of the population of a chance to get the desired
made is that the wearing of masks will lead to a shift education, indicating that not all of the population
in behaviors, not that the U.S. population does not have access to education.
like wearing masks.
 MBA Wallah

22. (d) This option is correct, as the passage mentions the

(i): The sentence intends to suggest that the credit discussion of genetic modifications and the ethical
wasn't where it was due (to the mentioned considerations of the consequences of such
scientists). The passage doesn't have sufficient experiments. Thus, it can be concluded that the
information to establish this and therefore, it can't technology to modify genetic codes has raised
be concluded. concerns among experts.
(ii): It might be the case that the physical attributes C) CRISPR is the only genetic modification
were already established before evidence gathering program that has raised concerns.
for the presence of mental faculties. The precedence This option is incorrect, as the passage mentions the
of one over the other cannot be concluded with discussion of genetic modifications in general,
certainty. Also, the origin of life of single-celled without specifically mentioning CRISPR. Thus, it
points towards the know-how of at least some can be concluded that CRISPR is not the only
aspects of physical attributes. genetic modification program that has raised
(iii): Max Verworn, the German physiologist, was concerns.
unconvinced with the results of investigation D) There are no ethical considerations related to the
conducted by the other two scientists, but the consequences of genetic modification experiments.
passage doesn't point towards nullifying Darwin's This option is incorrect, as the passage states that
theory altogether. Hence, (iii) cannot be concluded. experts have concerns about the societal issues that
(iv): Life originated from single-celled organisms is might occur with the widespread application of
a presumption (to think that something is true even genetic modification programs, suggesting there are
if you do not know for sure; to suppose) and not ethical considerations related to the consequences
something which was known with certainty. Hence, of genetic modification experiments.
(iv) cannot be concluded as well.
None of the statements can be concluded and 25. (b)
therefore, (4) is the right answer. Option A) Human capital is the only factor
influencing economic growth - This statement
23. (d) cannot be concluded from the passage because
(1) If the group assignments were random, that although human capital is an important factor that
takes away any bias and reduces the chance that influences the growth process, the passage does not
anything else differentiated the groups other than imply that it is the only one. It simply states that it
the chocolate. is especially important and that technical progress,
(2) has no effect on the argument. Even if the people and the intentional investment decisions of
in the "non-chocolate" group differed in how much consumers and producers as well as countries that
they detected, that doesn't change the fact that they implement a specific long-term economic policy,
all noticed some difference while the "chocolate" are also interdependent factors that influence the
group did not. growth process.
(3) is an Irrelevant Comparison. The physical states Option B) The conclusion that can be made from
of chocolate and coffee have no bearing on whether the passage is that the growth process is largely
consuming one affects the ability to taste the other. dependent on human capital, technical progress,
(4) cuts right into the author's assumption. If the and the implementation of a long-term economic
"chocolate" group was asked to try again without policy. This is because, according to the passage,
the chocolate and still couldn't tell the difference, research led to a critical analysis of the
then that would suggest the chocolate is irrelevant achievements to date and initiated work on new
to their tasting deficiency. Hence, option 4 is growth theories and it was found that accumulation
correct. of scientific and technical knowledge and human
capital is primarily the result of intentional
24. (b) investment decisions of consumers and producers
A) The introduction of new genetic technologies is as well as countries that implement a specific long-
widely accepted. term economic policy. As a result, the growth
This option is incorrect, as the passage states that process is largely dependent on these factors.
the introduction of new genetic technologies has Option C) The long-term economic policy is the
received many mixed opinions. Thus, it can be most important factor - This statement cannot be
concluded that the introduction of new genetic concluded from the passage because although the
technologies is not widely accepted. long-term economic policy is mentioned as being
B) The technology to modify genetic codes has an important factor that influences the growth
raised concerns among experts. process, the passage does not imply that it is the
 MBA Wallah

most important one. It simply states that it is one of cannot be concluded from the passage because
several interdependent factors that influence the although the passage states that the immigration
growth process. policies of a state can have an impact on the lives of
Option D) The renaissance of interest in economic immigrants in terms of education, it does not
growth happened in the 90s - This statement cannot provide any information to suggest that immigrants
be concluded from the passage because the passage in Alabama are more educated than those in
explicitly states that the renaissance of interest in California. Hence, option A is incorrect.
economic growth happened in the middle of the Option B): The immigration policies of each state
80s, not in the 90s. are the same - This statement cannot be concluded
from the passage because the passage states that
26. (a) each state has its specially established laws
The conclusion that can be made from the passage regarding immigration, implying that the
is that organizations like Coca-Cola and Facebook immigration policies of each state are not the same.
have policies in place to ensure employee Hence, option B is incorrect.
satisfaction, safety, and loyalty. This is because, Option C): Alabama has the toughest immigration
according to the passage, Coca-Cola has created policies in the United States - This statement cannot
business principles that include definitions and be concluded from the passage because although
disciplinary activity principles to benefit their the passage states that Alabama has tougher
workers, while Facebook has sexual harassment immigration policies than California, it does not
training in place in accordance with the Alberta provide any information to suggest that Alabama
Human Rights Act. As a result, these organizations has the toughest immigration policies in the United
have policies in place to ensure employee States. Hence, option C is incorrect.
satisfaction, safety, and loyalty. Hence, option A is Option D): The conclusion that can be made from
correct. the passage is that the immigration policies of a
Coca-Cola is the only organization that has policies state can have an impact on the lives of immigrants,
in place to ensure employee satisfaction, safety, and such as in terms of education and socioeconomic
loyalty - This statement cannot be concluded from status. This statement can be concluded from the
the passage because although Coca-Cola is passage because the passage states that the
mentioned as an example of an organization that immigration policies of a state shape the lives of
sets guidelines to secure employee satisfaction, immigrants in terms of education and
safety, and loyalty, the passage does not imply that socioeconomic status, among others. It also gives
it is the only one. It simply states that it is an examples of states that have differing immigration
example of an organization that has policies in place policies and have differing immigrant populations,
to ensure employee satisfaction, safety, and loyalty. such as Alabama and California. This implies that
Hence, option B is incorrect. the immigration policies of a state can have a direct
Facebook is the only organization that provides effect on the lives of immigrants. Hence, option D
sexual harassment training - This statement cannot is correct.
be concluded from the passage because although
Facebook is mentioned as an example of an 28. (c)
organization that provides sexual harassment Option C, "Childhood obesity and overweight is a
training, the passage does not imply that it is the growing concern for public health" is the correct
only one. It simply states that it is an example of an conclusion as it accurately summarizes the main
organization that has sexual harassment training in point made in the passage. The passage mentions
place. Hence, option C is incorrect. that the rates of childhood obesity and overweight
The EEOC is the only policy followed by Coca- are growing and that it is a significant public health
Cola - This statement cannot be concluded from the issue.
passage because although the passage states that Option A, "Fast food is the only cause of childhood
Coca-Cola establishes the policy of the EEOC, it obesity" is incorrect because while the passage
does not imply that it is the only policy followed by mentions increased access to fast food as a
Coca-Cola. It simply states that it is one of the contributing factor, it also states that there are
policies that Coca-Cola has in place. Hence, option several other causes of childhood obesity, such as
D is incorrect. unhealthy eating habits instilled by parents and
reduced promotion of nutritious meals in schools.
27. (d) The passage does not suggest that fast food is the
Option A): Immigrants in Alabama are more only cause of childhood obesity.
educated than those in California - This statement
 MBA Wallah

Option B, "Parents are solely responsible for 30. (c)

childhood obesity" is incorrect because while the Option A is incorrect because the passage mentions
passage mentions that some parents instill that there are many cases of violation of labor laws
unhealthy eating habits in their children, it also in migrant employees, suggesting that the program
mentions other factors such as increased access to is not beneficial for all parties involved.
fast food and reduced promotion of nutritious meals Option B is incorrect because the passage mentions
in schools that contribute to childhood obesity. The that there are many cases of violation of labor in
passage does not suggest that parents are solely migrant employees and it is essential to examine
responsible for childhood obesity. how SAWP undermines accommodations for
Option D, "Childhood obesity affects health only in Caribbean and Mexico migrants, suggesting that the
the future" is incorrect because while the passage program is not well-administered and has issues.
mentions that childhood obesity increases the Option D is incorrect because the passage does not
likelihood of developing severe disorders in the mention whether SAWP only affects Caribbean and
future, it also mentions that it undermines children's Mexican migrant workers or if it affects workers
current health. The passage does not suggest that from other countries as well.
childhood obesity only affects health in the future. Option C is correct because the passage states that
there are many cases of labor law violations among
29. (b) migrant employees in the SAWP program, and it is
Option B is the correct conclusion from the passage essential to examine how SAWP undermines
as it is stated that "gangs are formed as a result of accommodations for Caribbean and Mexican
social exclusion and discrimination." The passage migrants. The purpose of the examination is to seek
mentions that gang members come together to an efficient solution to the issues that migrant
achieve a similar objective, and the reason behind workers face, indicating that the program is not
this is social exclusion and discrimination. functioning as it should and is causing harm to the
Option A is incorrect because while the passage workers. The passage does not state that SAWP is
mentions that gangs operate in cities, towns, and beneficial or well-administered, nor does it limit the
urban centers, it does not state that they are only effects of the program to only Caribbean and
found in these areas. Mexican migrant workers, making options A, B,
Option C is incorrect because the passage mentions and D incorrect conclusions.
that gangs are involved in various criminal
activities such as theft, intimidation, robbery,
kidnapping, and other forms of violence, not just
theft and intimidation.
Option D is incorrect because while the passage
mentions that gangs may involve family members,
friends, or comrades, it does not state that they are
always made up of these groups. The group can be
made up of any associates who come together to
fulfill their purposes.

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