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Operating System

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kenneth gutay
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10 views

Operating System

Uploaded by

kenneth gutay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The central processing unit, or CPU, is the part of the computer that executes software

programs, including the operating system.

System softwares are sets of programs, responsible for running


the computer, controlling various operations of computer
systems and management of computer resources. Operating
System (OS) falls under this category.

System software helps run the computer hardware and computer system. It includes
operating systems, device drivers, diagnostic tools, servers, windowing systems, utilities and
more.

Programming software usually provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer


programs and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way. The
tools
include text editors, compilers, interpreters, linkers, debuggers, and so on. An Integrated
development environment (IDE) merges those tools into a software bundle, and a programmer
may
not need to type multiple commands for compiling, interpreter, debugging, tracing, and etc.,
because the IDE usually has an advanced graphical user interface, or GUI.

An operating system is a system software that provides an


interface for a user to communicate with the computer, manages
hardware devices (disk drives, keyboard, monitor, etc), manages
and maintains disk file systems and supports application
programs. Some popular Operating systems are UNIX, Windows
and Linux.

Although operating system provides all the features users need


to use and maintain their systems, inevitably, they still do not
meet everyone’s expectations. This has led to another type of
system software called "Utilities". These are programs that bridge
the gap between the functionality of an OS and the needs of users.
Utility programs are a broad category of software such as
compress (zip)/uncompress (unzip) files software, anti virus
software, split and join files software, etc.
Application software is a set of programs, which are written to
perform specific tasks, for example: An application package for
managing library known as library information system is used
to manage information of library such as: keeping book details,
account holder details, book issue details, book return details
etc. Another application package for managing student details is
called student’s information system, manages student’s roll no,
name, parents name, address, class, section, processing of
examination results etc. Application software can be broadly
classified into two types:
(a) Generalized packages
(b) Customized packages
Generalized Packages
These are user friendly softwares written to cater to user’s very
general needs such as preparing documents, drawing pictures,
database to manage data/information, preparing presentations,
play games etc.
It is a group of programs that provide general purpose tools to
solve specific problems. Some of the generalized packages are
listed below:
l Word Processing Software(for preparing documents): Word
Perfect, MS-Word, OpenOffice.org Writer
l Spreadsheets (Data Analysis): Lotus Smart suites, MSExcel,
OpenOffice.org Calc, Apple Numbers
l Presentations : Presentation Graphics, MS-PowerPoint,
OpenOffice.org Impress
l Database Management System: MS-Access, OpenOffice.org Base,
MS-SQL Server, ORACLE
l Graphics Tools: Paint shop pro, Adobe Photoshop
Customized Packages
These are the applications that are customized (or developed) to
meet the specific requirements of an organization/institution. For
Example: Student information details, Payroll packages,
inventory control etc.
These packages are developed using high-level computer
language.

Performs basic tasks such as controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing the processing
of instructions, controlling input and output devices, facilitating networking, and managing
files.

An intermediary between users and


hardware

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