Lesson 5.

1
Name Reteach

Algebra • Division Patterns

with Decimals
To divide a number by 10, 100, or 1,000, use the number of zeros in the
divisor to determine how the position of the decimal point changes in
the quotient.

Number of zeros: Move decimal point:

147 4 1 5 147 0 0 places to the left
147 4 10 5 14.7 1 1 place to the left
147 4 100 5 1.47 2 2 places to the left
147 4 1,000 5 0.147 3 3 places to the left

To divide a number by a power of 10, you can use the exponent to determine
how the position of the decimal point changes in the quotient.

Exponent Move decimal point:

97.2 4 100 5 97.2 0 0 places to the left
97.2 4 101 5 9.72 1 1 place to the left
97.2 4 102 5 0.972 2 2 places to the left

Complete the pattern.

1. 358 4 100 5 2. 102 4 100 5 3. 99.5 4 1 5

358 4 101 5 102 4 101 5 99.5 4 10 5

358 4 102 5 102 4 102 5 99.5 4 100 5

358 4 103 5 102 4 103 5

Chapter Resources 5-5 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.1
Name Enrich

Extending Division Patterns

Use patterns to find the quotients.

1. 8,500 4 100 5 2. 123,575 4 102 5

8,500 4 1,000 5 123,575 4 103 5
8,500 4 10,000 5 123,575 4 104 5
8,500 4 100,000 5 123,575 4 105 5
8,500 4 1,000,000 5 123,575 4 106 5

3. 5,000 4 2 5 4. 24,000 4 3 5
5,000 4 20 5 24,000 4 30 5
5,000 4 200 5 24,000 4 300 5
5,000 4 2,000 5 24,000 4 3,000 5
5,000 4 20,000 5

5. 4459 6. 800 4 100 5

4 4 5 90 800 4 10 5
4 4 5 900 800 4 1 5
4 4 5 9,000 800 4 0.1 5
4 4 5 90,000 800 4 0.01 5

7. Explain how you used patterns to complete Exercise 5.

8. Stretch Your Thinking Suppose you continue the pattern

in Exercise 4. What will be the next three quotients?

Chapter Resources 5-6 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.2
Name Reteach

Divide Decimals by Whole Numbers

You can draw a quick picture to help you divide a decimal by a whole number.

In a decimal model, each large square represents one, or 1. Each bar

represents one-tenth, or 0.1.

Divide. 1.2 4 3

Step 1 Draw a quick picture to represent Step 2 Draw 3 circles to represent the
the dividend, 1.2 . divisor, 3 .

Step 3 You cannot evenly divide 1 into 3 Step 4 Share the tenths equally
groups. Regroup 1 as 10 tenths. among 3 groups.
There are 12 tenths in 1.2.

Each group contains 0 ones and

4 tenths.
So, 1.2 4 3 5 0.4 .

Divide. Draw a quick picture.

1. 2.7 4 9 5 2. 4.8 4 8 5 3. 2.8 4 7 5

4. 7.25 4 5 5 5. 3.78 4 3 5 6. 8.52 4 4 5

Chapter Resources 5-7 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.2
Name Enrich

Write Division Equations

In the models below, a large square represents 1, a bar represents
1 tenth, and a small square represents 1 hundredth. All divisors are
whole numbers. Write the division equation each model represents.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. Explain how you found the division equation

the model in Exercise 1 represents.

Chapter Resources 5-8 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.3
Name Reteach

Estimate Quotients

You can use multiples and compatible numbers to estimate

decimal quotients.

Estimate. 249.7 4 31

Step 1 Round the divisor, 31, to the nearest 10.

31 rounded to the nearest 10 is 30 .

Step 2 Find the multiples of 30 that the dividend, 249.7, is between.

249.7 is between 240 and 270.

Step 3 Divide each multiple by the rounded divisor, 30.

240 4 30 5 8 270 4 30 5 9

So, two possible estimates are 8 and 9 .

Use compatible numbers to estimate the quotient.

1. 23.6 4 7 2. 469.4 4 62

4 5 4 5

Estimate the quotient.

3. 338.7 4 49 4. 75.1 4 9 5. 674.8 4 23

6. 61.9 4 7 7. 96.5 4 19 8. 57.2 4 8

Chapter Resources 5-9 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.3
Name Enrich

Compare Estimated Quotients

Estimate each quotient. Then write , or . in the circle to compare
each pair of estimates.

1. 76.3 4 8 37.5 4 7 2. 3.1 4 4 6.4 4 9

3. 654.3 4 82 289.5 4 31 4. 98.4 4 4 62.8 4 3

5. 276.3 4 9 389.4 4 5 6. 329.6 4 7 117.5 4 3

7. 8.2 4 12 7.3 4 14 8. 726.3 4 18 687.5 4 14

9. $46.35 4 3 $81.35 4 5 10. $7.27 4 13 $9.08 4 19

11. Write a pair of decimal division expressions,

similar to the ones in Exercises 1–10, so that when you
estimate and compare the quotients, you get 9 . 3.

Chapter Resources 5-10 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.4
Name Reteach

Division of Decimals by Whole Numbers

Divide. 19.61 4 37

Step 1 Estimate the quotient. 0

2,000 hundredths 4 40 5 50 hundredths, or 0.50. 37qw
19.61
So, the quotient will have a zero in the ones place.

Step 2 Divide the tenths. 05

Use the estimate. Try 5 in the tenths place. 37qw
19.61
Multiply. 5 3 37 5 185 2 18 5
11
Subtract. 196 2 185 5 11

Check. 11 , 37

Step 3 Divide the hundredths. 0.53

Estimate: 120 hundredths 4 40 5 3 hundredths. 37qw
19.61
Multiply. 3 3 37 5 111 2 18 5
1 11
Subtract. 111 2 111 5 0 2 1 11
0
Check. 0 , 37

Place the decimal point in the quotient.

So, 19.61 4 37 5 0.53.

Write the quotient with the decimal point placed correctly.

1. 5.94 4 3 5 198 2. 48.3 4 23 5 21

Divide.

3. 9qw
61.2 4. 17qw
83.3 5. 9qw
7.38

Chapter Resources 5-11 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.4
Name Enrich

Unknown Dividends and Quotients

For each problem, find the quotient for the first box. Then use that
quotient as the dividend in the second box. Use the quotient for the
second box as the dividend in the third box. Write the final quotient
in the last box. The first one has been done for you.

1. 27.84 4 3 5
9.28 425
4.64 485 0.58

2. 96.12 4 4 5 495 435

3. 86.13 4 11 5 435 495

4. 85.02 4 13 5 425 435

5. 226.8 4 14 5 465 495

6. 117.76 4 8 5 445 445

7. 310.5 4 15 = 435 4 23 5

Chapter Resources 5-12 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.5
Name Reteach

Decimal Division

You can use decimal models to divide tenths.

Divide. 1.8 4 0.3. 18 tenths, or 1.8

Step 1 Shade 18 tenths to represent

the dividend, 1.8 .

Step 2 Divide the 18 tenths into groups

of 3 tenths to represent the divisor, 0.3 .

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Step 3 Count the groups.

There are 6 groups of 0.3 in 1.8. So, 1.8 4 0.3 5 6 .

You can use decimal models to divide hundredths.

Divide. 0.42 4 0.06 There are 42 shaded

Step 1 Shade 42 squares to represent squares, or 0.42. There are 7 groups

the dividend, 0.42. of 6 hundredths.

Step 2 Divide the 42 small squares into groups

of 6 hundredths to represent the

divisor, 0.06.

Step 3 Count the groups.

There are 7 groups of 0.06 in 0.42. So, 0.42 4 0.06 5 7 .

Use the model to complete the number sentence.

1. 1.4 4 0.7 5 2. 0.15 4 0.03 5

Divide. Use decimal models.

3. 2.7 4 0.3 5 4. 0.52 4 0.26 5 5. 0.96 4 0.16 5

Chapter Resources 5-13 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.5
Name Enrich

Decimal Division Matching

Match the division expression in Column A with its quotient
in Column B. You may find it helpful to use decimal models.

Column A Column B

1. 1.4 4 0.2 1

2. 0.78 4 0.13 2

3. 1.5 4 0.5 3

4. 2.4 4 0.6 4

5. 1.48 4 0.74 5

6. 0.64 4 0.08 6

7. 2.7 4 0.3 7

8. 0.75 4 0.15 8

9. 1.2 4 1.2 9

10. Stretch Your Thinking One way to divide decimals is to first

change the dividend and the divisor to whole numbers. To do so,
multiply both the dividend and the divisor by the multiple of 10 that
makes the divisor a whole number. Then divide to find the quotient.
Explain how to use this strategy to find the quotient in Exercise 2.

Chapter Resources 5-14 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.6
Name Reteach

Divide Decimals

You can multiply the dividend and the divisor by the same
power of 10 to make the divisor a whole number. As long as
you multiply both the dividend and the divisor by the same
power of 10, the quotient stays the same.

Example 1: Divide. 0.84 4 0.07 0.84 4 0.07 5 ?

Multiply the dividend, 0.84 , and the divisor, 0.07 , by the 3 100 3 100

power of 10 that makes the divisor a whole number.

84 4 7 5 12

Since 84 4 7 5 12, you know that 0.84 4 0.07 5 12 .

Example 2: Divide. 4.42 4 3.4 Multiply 3.4

Multiply both the dividend and the divisor by 10 3.4qw

4.42 and 4.42 34qw
44.2
both by 10
to make the divisor a whole number.

Divide as you would whole numbers. Place the 1.3

decimal point in the quotient, above the decimal 34qw
44.2
point in the dividend. 2 34
102
So, 4.42 4 3.4 5
1.3 . 2 102
0

Copy and complete the pattern.

1. 54 4 6 5 2. 184 4 23 5 3. 138 4 2 5
5.4 4 59 18.4 4 58 13.8 4 5 69
4 0.06 5 9 4 0.23 5 8 4 0.02 5 69

Divide.

4. 1.4qw
9.8 5. 0.3qw
0.6 6. 3.64 4 1.3

Chapter Resources 5-15 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.6
Name Enrich

Equal or Not Equal?

Write ,, ., or 5 in the circle to make each statement true.

1. 0.6 4 0.05 12 2. 0.72 4 0.08 0.9

3. 0.3 4 0.3 0.1 4. $0.75 4 $0.25 0.3

5. 0.42 4 0.06 7 6. 0.39 4 0.3 0.13

7. 6.93 4 0.3 9.24 4 0.4 8. 45 4 9 4.5 4 0.09

9. 1.17 4 0.3 4.68 4 1.2 10. 8.74 4 1.9 55.2 4 1.2

11. Explain how you decided which symbol

to write in Exercise 10.

12. Stretch Your Thinking Without dividing, tell whether

the quotient of 4.45 4 1.5 is greater than, less than, or equal to 3.

Chapter Resources 5-16 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.7
Name Reteach

Write Zeros in the Dividend

When there are not enough digits in the dividend to complete

the division, you can write zeros to the right of the last digit
in a decimal number in the dividend. Writing zeros to the right
of the last digit will not change the value of the dividend or
the quotient.

Divide. 5.2 4 8

Step 1 Divide as you would whole numbers. Place the decimal

point in the quotient above the decimal point in the dividend.
The decimal point in the
0.6 quotient is directly above the
decimal point in the dividend.
8qw
5.2
248
4

Step 2 The difference is less than the divisor. Write a 0 in the

dividend to the right of the last digit and continue to divide.

0.65
The difference, 4, is less 8qw
5.20
than the divisor.
2 48
40
2 40 Write a 0 in the dividend
0 to the right of the last digit.
Then continue to divide.
So, 5.2 4 8 5 0.65 .

Write the quotient with the decimal point placed correctly.

1. 3 4 0.4 5 75 2. 25.2 4 8 5 315 3. 60 4 25 5 24 4. 8.28 4 0.72 5 115

Divide.

5. 6qw
43.5 6. 1.4qw
7.7 7. 30qw
72 8. 0.18qw
0.63

Chapter Resources 5-17 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.7
Name Enrich

Which Is the Better Buy?

Divide to find the cost of one unit of each item. Round your answers
to the nearest cent. Then determine which item is the better buy.

1. a 6.5-ounce can of tuna for $1.39 or a 3-ounce can of tuna for $0.65

The 6.5-ounce can of tuna costs per ounce.

The 3-ounce can of tuna costs per ounce.

The -ounce can of tuna is the better buy.

2. a 2.5-pound bag of sugar for $1.69 or a 4-pound bag of sugar for $2.49

The 2.5-pound of sugar costs per pound.

The 4-pound bag of sugar costs per pound.

The -pound bag of sugar is the better buy.

3. a 7.2-ounce box of macaroni for $0.67 or a 13-ounce box of macaroni for $1.28

The 7.2-ounce box of macaroni costs per ounce.

The 13-ounce box of macaroni costs per ounce.

The -ounce box of macaroni is the better buy.

4. an 11.5-ounce box of crackers for $2.25 or a 16-ounce box of crackers for $2.99

The 11.5-ounce box of crackers costs per ounce.

The 16-ounce box of crackers costs per ounce.

The -ounce box of crackers is the better buy.

Chapter Resources 5-18 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.8
Name Reteach

Problem Solving • Decimal Operations

Rebecca spent $32.55 for a photo album and three identical candles.
The photo album cost $17.50 and the sales tax was $1.55. How much
did each candle cost?

Read the Problem

What do I need What information do I How will I use the
to find? need to use? information?

I need to find Rebecca spent $32.55 for a

I can use a flowchart and
the cost of each photo album and 3 candles. work backward from the total
candle . The photo album cost $17.50. amount Rebecca spent to
The sales tax was $1.55. find the cost of each candle.

Solve the Problem

• Make a flowchart to show the information. Then work backward to solve.

Cost of plus Cost of plus equals Total

Sales tax
3 candles photo album spent
3 × cost of
+ $17.50 + $1.55 = $32.55
each candle

Total minus minus Cost of equals Cost of

Sales tax
spent photo album 3 candles
$32.55 – $1.55 – $17.50 = $13.50
• Divide the cost of 3 candles by 3 to find the cost of each candle.
$13.50 4 3 5 $4.50

So, each candle cost $4.50.

Use a flowchart to help you solve the problem.

1. Maria spent $28.69 on one pair of 2. At the skating rink, Sean and Patrick
jeans and two T-shirts. The jeans cost spent $17.45 on admission and snacks.
$16.49. Each T-shirt cost the same They used one coupon for $2 off the
amount. The sales tax was $1.62. admission. The snacks cost $5.95. What
How much did each T-shirt cost? is the regular admission cost for one?

Chapter Resources 5-19 Reteach

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
 Lesson 5.8
Name Enrich

Money Flow
Solve each problem. Make a flowchart and work backward to help.
1. Madison and Jim paid $21.08 for one large pizza, 2 salads with the
same price, and 2 drinks with the same price. The pizza cost $11.70,
which was 3 times as much as the cost of one salad. They also used
a coupon for $2 off their purchase. What was the cost of one drink?

2. Carla bought a digital camera that cost $91.98. She also bought
2 identical memory cards and a camera case. The camera cost
6 times as much as the case. She paid $127.35, including sales
tax of $6.06. What was the cost of each memory card?

3. Lia, Phil, and Cam collect a total of $200.30 for a holiday

fundraiser. Phil collects $12.80 more than Lia. Cam collects
3 times as much as Lia. How much does each person collect?

4. While on vacation, Craig bought a pair of sunglasses for $15.98,

a hat for $7.99, 5 postcards, and a beach towel. The beach
towel cost $0.50 more than half the price of the sunglasses.
Craig gave the cashier $40 and got $3.59 in change. Each postcard
cost the same. How much did each postcard cost?

5. Stretch Your Thinking Draw a flowchart for a money problem

similar to the ones in Exercises 1–4. Then write a word problem
that can be solved by using your flowchart and working backward.

Chapter Resources 5-20 Enrich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company