Eton College King's Scholarship Examination 2012

MATHEMATICS B (One and a half hours)

 Answer as many questions as you can.

 Each of the ten questions carries ten marks.
 Show all your working.
 Calculators are not allowed.

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1. a) What is 15% of 25% of 0.4?
5 3
b) Find  as a single, reduced fraction.
1001 2002
4 5 7
c) Find   as a single, reduced fraction.
142857 285714 571428

2. a) James is three times as old as Nick but eight years younger than Mark. The sum
of their three ages is 127 years.
i) Let j represent James’s age. Show that
7
3 j  8  127
ii) Hence find how old James is.
b) Gavin is four times as old as Tom, who is six years younger than Xavier, who is a
third of the age of John, who is a year younger than Gavin. How old is Xavier?

3. a) Find the Highest Common Factor (HCF) of:

i) 21 and 27
ii) 22 and 28
iii) 23 and 29
iv) 24 and 30
v) 25 and 31
vi) 26 and 32
b) What do you notice about the HCF of two numbers differing by 6?
c) For two whole numbers n and n + 12, what are the possible values of the HCF?
d) Find the HCF of 227472 and 227490

4. a) Put the following groups of numbers in ascending order, showing your reasoning
clearly:
7 10
i) 9 , 13 , 0.8

 0.873 ,  0.8
3 2 2
ii) , 3

b) Find and simplify the square of each of the following:

i) 2 5

ii) 3 7
c) Put the following group of numbers in ascending order, showing your reasoning
clearly:
4 30 , 5 5 , 3 13

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5. A circle of radius r cm with centre at point O is inscribed in a triangle ABC, so that it
touches the sides of the triangle at
points L, M, and N as shown in the
diagram. Triangle ABC has Diagram not to scale
lengths AC = 12cm, AB = 5cm and
BC = 13cm. Note that OLB ,
OMC and ONA are all right
angles.
a) Find the area of triangle
ABC.
b) Prove that AMON is a square.
c) Show that triangle AOC has area 6r cm2
d) Find the areas of triangles AOB and BOC in terms of r, showing your working
clearly.
e) Hence find the radius of the circle.

6. a) Travelling at an average speed of 196000 km/hr, The Explorer takes 147 days to
travel from a certain star to another star a certain fixed distance away. Returning
at an average speed of 28000 km/hr, how long does The Explorer take?
b) Sharing 10000 litres of fuel equally between 22 identical trucks allows each to
travel 4200 miles. How far would each go if there were one fewer truck and 1000
litres less fuel to share around?

7. a) In the diagram on the right, AC  AD  BD .

Let BCA  x . Diagram
not to
Find ABC in terms of x.
scale
i)
ii) Show that BAC  180  32 x
If, in addition, AB  CB
iii) Find x.

b) As shown in the diagram on the right,

ABDF is a rhombus, ACE is an equilateral
triangle, and AB  AC . Find ABC
through geometric reasoning (a scale
diagram will gain no credit).

Diagram
not to
scale

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8. Write an algebraic expression for each of the following:
a) I travel x miles at an average speed of 60 mph, then at an average of y mph I
travel 30 miles. Find the number of hours I spend travelling in terms of x and y.
b) I earned e pounds but gave c pounds to charity. I paid 20% of the remainder in
tax and was then given p pounds as a present. How much did I have in the end, in
terms of e, c, and p?
c) In West Cornwall, I met w women each carrying s sacks, each containing c cats.
However, a third of the women then lost half their sacks, and the remaining
women lost half their cats from a third of their sacks. How many cats remained,
it terms of w, s and c?

9. a) x is a two digit number. When its digits are reversed, it becomes the two digit
number y, which is smaller than x. The difference between x and y is a one digit
number. If we write x as 10a  b then:
i) write y in terms of a and b;
ii) find x  y in terms of a and b;
iii) deduce the numerical value of x  y .
b) x is a three digit number. When its digits are reversed, it becomes the three digit
number y. The difference between x and y is z, where z is positive and its last
digit is 4. Find the numerical value of z.

10. The integers are all the whole numbers, but including negative whole numbers and
zero; therefore -7, 5, 0, -342 and 245 are all integers.
a) Explain (very briefly) why, when considered as integers:
i) -7 is a factor of 42;
ii) 3 is a factor of -9;
iii) zero is not a factor of 12.
b) List the integer factors of 10.
c) In each part, find all values of n such that both expressions are integers:
10
i) n and
n
26  n
ii) n and
n
7
iii) 2n and
n
n  16
iv) n and
n 1
[End of Paper]

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