Review Innovations CE Review November 2024 – Analytic Geometry 1

POINTS, LINES, AND CIRCLES 𝑚2 − 𝑚1

θ = tan−1 ( )
1 + 𝑚1 𝑚2
DISTANCE, SLOPE, AND MIDPOINT FORMULA
or
−1 (𝑚
θ = tan 2) − tan−1 (𝑚1 )
Note:
1. Two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal.
2. Two lines are perpendicular if the product of their slopes
is -1.

DISTANCE FROM A POINT TO A LINE

Distance Formula

𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
Slope of a line
rise 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚= =
run 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
Midpoint Formula
𝑥1 + 𝑥2
𝑥̅ = Distance from (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 = 0
2
𝑦1 + 𝑦2 𝐴𝑥1 + 𝐵𝑦1 + 𝐶
𝑦̅ = 𝑑=| |
2 √𝐴2 + 𝐵2
General equation of a line Distance between parallel lines
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 = 0 𝐶2 − 𝐶1
𝑑=| |
√𝐴2 + 𝐵2
STANDARD EQUATIONS OF LINES
Point-slope form
EQUATIONS OF CIRCLE
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
A locus of a point which moves at a constant distance from a
Slope-intercept form fixed point called center and the constant distance of any point
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 from the center is called the radius.

Two-point form
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
Intercept form
𝑥 𝑦
+ =1
𝑎 𝑏

ANGLE BETWEEN TWO LINES

Center at 𝐶(ℎ, 𝑘)
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
Center at origin
𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑟2
General form
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0

*Center(h,k): h = -D/2 k = -E/2

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 Review Innovations CE Review November 2024 – Analytic Geometry 1

SAMPLE PROBLEMS: 14. Find the equation of the circle having its center on the
line 4x – y = 7 and passing through the points (-2, 4) and
Situation 1: (5, 5).
For problems 1- 7, refer here. Given the triangle with vertices
at A(1,4), B(9,6), and C(7,2). Find the: 15. Find an equation(s) of the circle(s) tangent to both
1. equation of the line through side AB axes and containing the point (-8, -1).
a. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 15 = 0 c. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 15 = 0
b. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 15 = 0 d. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 15 = 0
2. distance from C to side AB Problems for Practice:
a. 3.4 c. 4.0 1. The lines 2𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦 + 2𝑏 = 0 and 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑦 − 𝑏 = 1 intersect at
b. 4.3 d. 3.7 the point (-1,3). What is 2𝑎 + 𝑏?
3. equation of the line through (0,-3) and parallel to 2. Find the equation of the line passing through the point A(2, -
side AB 3) and perpendicular to the line having the parametric
a. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 12 = 0 c. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 12 = 0 equations:
b. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 12 = 0 d. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 12 = 0 5x = 3t + 4 and 3y = 4t – 6
4. equation of the perpendicular bisector of side BC
3. Determine the equations of the lines (two answers) passing
a. 𝑥 − 𝑦 − 8 = 0 c. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 16 = 0 through (-2, 4) and forming with the axes a triangle having an
b. 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 8 = 0 d. 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 16 = 0 area of 9 square units.
5. angle C of the triangle
a. 98.1° c. 81.9° 4. Find the farthest distance from the point (12, 2) to the circle
x2 + y2 + 6x – 16y + 24 = 0.
b. 89.8° d. 91.1°
6. terminal point if side AC is extended three times its 5. The two points on the line 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 which are at
own length from C distance 2 from the line 3x + 4y – 6 = 0.
c. (24,-6) c. (24,-5)
d. (25,-4) d. (25,-3) 6. A line has an equation of x + 5y + 5 = 0. Find the equation of
7. area of the triangle the line through (3, 1) that makes an angle of 45 0 clockwise
from the line that is perpendicular to the line x + 5y + 5 = 0 at
a. 15 sq. units c. 13 sq. units
that point.
b. 12 sq. units d. 14 sq. units
7. Find the equation of the circle circumscribing the triangle
CE BOARD NOV. 2021 with vertices at A(-1, -4), B(3, -2) and C(5, 2).
8. In a city, streets run north and south, and avenues run
east and west. Streets and avenues are 850 feet apart. The 8. Determine the length of the tangent to the circle x 2 + y2 – 4x
city plans to construct a straight freeway from the – 5 = 0 from (8, -2).
intersection of 25th street and 8th avenue to the intersection
of 115th street and 64th avenue. How long will the freeway 9. Find the equation of the circle a diameter of which is the line
be? segment connecting the centers of the following circles:
A. 13 miles C. 15 miles x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y – 7 = 0 and
B. 11 miles D. 17 miles x2 + y2 - 4x + 8y – 5 = 0

9. The equation of the Euler’s line of triangle ABC is 51x 10. What is the radius of a circle with the equation
– 71y – 122 = 0. The vertices of the triangle are: A(-2, 3),
B(1, -7) and C(x, 1). Locate the triangle’s orthocenter. 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 1 = 0?

Situation 2. 11. Find the coordinates of the point which is 3/8 of the way
from the point A(-1, 3) to the point B(4, -2).
For problems 10-13, refer here. A circle has the equation 𝑥 2 +
𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 12 = 0. Find the:
10. center and radius of the circle
a. (2,-3); r = 25 c. (2,-3); r = 5 Answers:
b. (-2,3); r = 5 d. (-2,3); r = 25 1. 6 units
11. farthest distance from the point (5,6) to the circle 2. 9x + 20y + 42 = 0
a. 14.2 units c. 15.4 units 3. x + 2y = 6 and 8x + y = -12
b. 14.5 units d. 15.2 units 4. 23.16 units
12. nearest distance from the point (5,6) to the circle 5. (64, - 44) and (4, -4)
a. 5.4 units c. 4.2 units 6. 2x – 3y = 3
b. 5.2 units d. 4.5 units 7. (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 50
8. 5.57 units
13. tangent distance from the point (5,6) to the circle
9. (x – 1/2)2 + (y + 5/2)2 = 9/2
a. 8.1 units c. 8.6 units
10. √33 / 4
b. 9.6 units d. 9.1 units
11. (7/8, 9/8)

This review material is exclusively for the personal use, viewing and downloading of Review Innovations’ reviewees. Unauthorized
reproduction, use, or dissemination is strictly prohibited and shall be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.