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CH 1 Computer Fundamentals Notes

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CH 1 Computer Fundamentals Notes

Uploaded by

minal bhatt
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CH-1 COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Q1. Explain the term Hardware and Software.


Ans.
Hardware–It mainly refers to the physical components or the parts of the computer.
eg:- Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor.

Software–It is the set of instruction or a set of programs that perform a specific


task and make the hardware run.
eg:- Windows XP, Mac OS, Linux OS, Tux Paint, LibreOffice.

Q2. Explain the Central Processing Unit (CPU).


Ans. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
It is the most important part of a computer system also called as the brain of the
computer. It is divided into three parts – ALU, CU, MU
a) Arithmetic and Logic Unit [ALU] : It is used to perform operation like
arithmetic and logical operations
b) Control Unit [CU] : It controls all the hardware components.
c) Memory Unit [MU] : It is used to store the data and the information that is
required during computation.

Q3. What are Input devices? Explain any three Input devices.
Ans.Input Devices are used to feed data into the computer.eg:- Keyboard, Mouse,
1) Scanner – It is used to convert physical format (hard copy ) of picture, text or
graphic into digital format (soft copy).
2) Light Pen – It is a pen shaped input device to directly draw or select objects on
the computer screen.
3) Joystick – It is used for game programs.

Q4. What are Output devices? Explain any three output devices.
Ans. Output Devices are used to take a visual or hard copy of the processed
data.eg:- Monitor, Printer.
1) Monitor – It is like a T.V screen used to display information on a computer.
2) Printer – It is used to obtain a print out of our work on paper.
3) Plotter – It is a special kind of printer to print graphs, presentation, charts,
diagrams etc.

Q5. Explain the main types of memory used in the computer system.
Ans.
1) Primary Memory:- It is used to store the data and instructions in the computer
temporarily. It is divided into two parts:-
a) Random Access Memory [RAM] - It stores the data and instructions when
the computer is ON.
b) Read Only Memory [ROM] – It is used during the booting process.

2) Secondary Memory – It stores the data and instructions permanently by reading


from temporary memory. eg- Hard Disk, CD, DVD.
Q6. Write the difference between the Hard Disk and Floppy Disk.

FLOPPY DISK HARD DISK


1. It stores the data in a flexible plastic disk. 1. It is a pack of rigid Metal disks.
2. It is easily transportable 2. It is fixed inside the computer
3. It is having a storage capacity of 1.44 MB. 3. It can store large amount of
data in GB or TB.

Q7. Write the difference between the CD and DVD.

CD DVD
1. Compact Disk. 1. Digital Versatile Disk.
2. Can store data of 700 MB. 2. Can store data of 4.7 GB or more.

Q8. Write the full form of the following.

1. RAM – Random Access Memory.


2. ROM – Read Only Memory.
3. CPU – Central Processing Unit.
4. CU – Control Unit.
5. MU – Memory Unit.
6. ALU – Arithmetic and Logic Unit.
7. CD – Compact Disk.
8. CDROM – Compact Disk Read Only Memory.
9. DVD – Digital Versatile Disk.
10. VDU – Visual Display Unit.
11. WORM – Write Once Read Many.
12. KB – Kilobyte.
13. MB – Megabyte.
14. GB – Gigabyte.
15. TB – Terabyte.
Q9. Identify Input and Output devices from the given list.
Mouse, Monitor, Scanner, Speaker, Microphone, Bar Code Reader, Light Pen,
Printer, Digital Camera, Plotter, Projector, Joystick, Web Camera, Keyboard.

INPUT DEVICE OUTPUT DEVICE


Mouse Monitor
Scanner Speaker
Microphone Printer
Bar Code Reader Plotter
Light Pen Projector
Digital Camera
Joystick
Web Camera
Keyboard

Q10. Identify hardware and software parts from the given list.
CPU, Libre Office, Logo, Memory Stick, Quick Basic, Accounting Package.

HARDWARE SOFTWARE
CPU MS Office
Memory Stick Accounting Package

Q11. Fill in the blanks


1) RAM is a primary memory.
2) The storage capacity of hard disk is more than the floppy disk.
3) A plotter is another kind of printer which is used to print graphs,
presentations, charts, tables and diagrams.
4) 1 Gigabyte = 1024 Megabytes.
5) Software is a set of programs to perform a specific task.

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