1/6 For
Examiner’s
Use
5 Fig. 5.1 shows an arrangement where a plane mirror is used in a shop to watch a display
counter. The arrangement is drawn to a scale of 1 cm : 1 m.
plane mirror
P wall
display counter
Fig. 5.1
(a) (i) State the law of reflection.
...................................................................................................................................
(ii) On Fig. 5.1, draw rays to show how much of the display cannot be seen from P.
Indicate this by shading in the part that cannot be seen.
[3]
(b) By construction on Fig. 5.1 and by using the scale, calculate how far the mirror must be
moved so that all of the display counter can be seen from P.
distance moved = .................................... [2]
(c) State the characteristics of an image seen in a plane mirror.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
0625/3/M/J/02 [Turn over
2 For
Examiner’s
Use
6 Observations of a distant thunderstorm are made.
(a) During a lightning flash, the average wavelength of the light emitted is 5 × 10–7 m. This
light travels at 3 × 108 m/s.
Calculate the average frequency of this light.
frequency = ...................................... [2]
(b) The interval between the lightning flash being seen and the thunder being heard is
3.6 s. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.
(i) Calculate the distance between the thunderstorm and the observer.
distance = ............................................
(ii) Explain why the speed of light is not taken into account in this calculation.
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
[3]
(c) A single ray of white light from the lightning is incident on a prism as shown in Fig. 6.1.
prism
screen
ray of
light
Fig. 6.1
Complete the path of the ray to show how a spectrum is formed on the screen. Label the
colours. [2]
0625/3/M/J/02
3
7 (a) The speed of light in air is known to be 3.0 × 108 m / s.
Outline how you would use a refraction experiment to deduce the speed of light in glass. You
may draw a diagram if it helps to clarify your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[4]
(b) A tsunami is a giant water wave. It may be caused by an earthquake below the ocean.
Waves from a certain tsunami have a wavelength of 1.9 × 105 m and a speed of 240 m / s.
(i) Calculate the frequency of the tsunami waves.
frequency = ...........................................................[2]
© UCLES 2011
4
(ii) The shock wave from the earthquake travels at 2.5 × 103 m / s.
The centre of the earthquake is 6.0 × 105 m from the coast of a country.
Calculate how much warning of the arrival of the tsunami at the coast is given by the
earth tremor felt at the coast.
warning time = ...........................................................[4]
[Total: 10]
© UCLES 2011 [Turn over
5
8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a section of an optical fibre. It consists of a fibre of denser transparent material,
coated with a layer of a less dense transparent material.
less dense
material
ray
denser material
Fig. 8.1
One ray within the fibre has been started for you on Fig. 8.1.
(i) State and explain what happens to the ray already drawn, after it reaches the boundary
between the materials.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) On Fig. 8.1, carefully continue the ray until it reaches the end of the section of optical
fibre. [1]
(b) Fibre-optic cables are sometimes used to carry out internal examinations on the human
stomach.
(i) Suggest one reason why the cable is made of thousands of very thin optical fibres.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Describe briefly how the inside of the stomach is illuminated.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
© UCLES 2011
6/6
(iii) Describe briefly how the light from the stomach is transferred to the detecting equipment
outside the body.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2011 0625/31/M/J/11
