Scribd
Upload
7 views

Webbrowser and Webserver

Uploaded by

nidhinb200723cs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views

Webbrowser and Webserver

Uploaded by

nidhinb200723cs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

CS4042D Web

Programming
WWW - URL – DNS – HTTP
WWW
• It was in 1989 that Tim Berners-Lee first outlined the advantages
of a hypertext-based, linked information system.
• The term hypertext persists as the label for technology that
connects multimedia documents and information resources
through links.
• Tim Berners-Lee to (in his own words) “marry together” the notion
of hypertext with the power of the Internet
• The Web is rooted in the fundamental protocols associated with the
Internet.
• The Web is built on top of core Internet protocols that had been in
existence for many years prior to the Web’s inception.
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main
international standards organization for the World
Wide Web.
Building Blocks of the Web
• Basic components devised by Tim Berners-Lee comprising
the essence of Web technology
– A markup language for formatting hypertext documents
– A uniform notation scheme for addressing accessible
resources over the network
– A protocol for transporting messages over the network
URLs
• Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is the more general way
of referring the resources on the Internet.
• URI denotes both Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and
Uniform Resource Name (URN)
• URN can be used to identify certain resources in a way that is
independent of their location
• The problem is that URNs have failed to materialize as a
globally
• URLs utilize ‘locator’ information that embeds both a server
address and a file location
URLs

scheme - underlying protocol


host – web server name or IP address
port# - port number, the web server listens to
path - path from the ‘root’ directory of the server to the desired document
querystring - dynamic parameters associated with the request
anchor - a positional marker within the requested document
The Request/Response Procedure while Accessing a
webpage
Domain Name System
Service

• Every device connected to the


Internet has an IP address, which is a
numeric code that is meant to
uniquely identify it
• IP addresses are 32 bit addresses
• It is not easy to remember IP
address.
Domain Name System
Service
DNS: Name Levels in
Domain

• Domain names have hierarchical structure


• Domains and co-domains
• Address Resolution
We have already seen…
HTTP
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
• HTTP is a client-server protocol.
• HTTP is an application level protocol in the TCP/IP protocol
suite
• The structure of request and response messages contain
message headers, followed by a blank line, followed by a
message body
• HTTP is a stateless protocol
HTTP Messages
• Format of Request-line
– <request-method> <request-url> <version>
• Format of Status-line
– <version> <response-status> <response-
phrase>
Request Methods
• The action that the client wants the server to
perform on the resource

Method Description Message body


GET Get a document from the server. No
HEAD Get just the headers for a document
from the server. No
POST Send data to the server for processing. Yes
PUT Store the body of the request on the server. Yes
TRACE Trace the message through proxy servers to
the server. No
DELETE Remove a document from the server No
Response Status Codes

Overall range Defined range Category


100-199 100-101 Informational
200-299 200-206 Successful
300-399 300-305 Redirection
400-499 400-415 Client error
500-599 500-505 Server error
Versions
• Format is HTTP /<major>.<minor>

• Versions
Thank You

You might also like