Chapter 1 Introductiontodecisionsupportsystem
Chapter 1 Introductiontodecisionsupportsystem
• information overload,
• The combination of
the Internet enabling
speed and access,
• The maturation of
artificial intelligence
techniques,
➔ has led to sophisticated aids to support decision making under these risky and
uncertain conditions.
1.2 Definition of Decision Support System
Definition 1
Decision Support System is a
general term for any
computer application that
enhances a person or group’s
ability to make decisions.
Definition 2
• Other examples:
• Collect data on all civilian casualties to predict casualties over the next month
Communication-driven DSS
MIS
Information
Exchange/ TPS
Communication
EDP
• Operational management.
MIS to DSS
• Structured (Programmed)
• routine & repetitive, predictable problems
• The objectives are clearly defined and structured in all phases
• standard solutions exist
• Example :
• Account Payable and Receivable
• Point of Sales
• Budget Analysis
• Warehouse Distribution
Type of Decision Makings
• Unstructured (Non-programmed)
• non-routine, unpredictable, “fuzzy” complex problems
• no cut-and-dried solutions
• Apply intuition and judgment
• Using Simon model : Intelligent, Design and Choice
• Example:
• Approving Loans
• Operating a help Desk
• Recruiting an Executive
• R&D Planning
Type of Decision Makings
• Example:
• Inventory Control
• Credit Evaluation
• Quality Assurance
Operational Managerial Control Strategic Technology support
Control Planning
Semi-structured Tactical
Management
Pre-specified
Scheduled
Detailed
Frequent
Historical
Internal
Structured Operational Management Narrow Focus
1.6 Components of Decision Support System
Architecture (Components)
• stores information
USER
Typical Architecture