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Be3251 Unit 3 2mark

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45 views3 pages

Be3251 Unit 3 2mark

Uploaded by

Akash Natraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT III ANALOG ELECTRONICS

PART A
1. What is a PN Junction diode
There are two electrodes each from p-type and n-type materials and
due to these two electrodes; the device is called a diode. It conducts only in
one direction.
2. Differentiate between zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown.
Zener Breakdown Avalanche Breakdown

The temperature coefficient is negative The temperature coefficient is Positive


occurs for zener diodes with Vz less than 6V Occurs for zener diodes with Vz greater than 6V

3. Define static and dynamic resistance of a PN diode.


The forward resistance of p-n junction diode when p-n junction is used
in d.c Circuit and the applied forward voltage is d.c. is called static resistance.
The resistance offered by the p-n junction diode under a.c. conditions is called
dynamic Resistance of diode.
4. What are the different types of transistor configuration
CE- Common Emitter CB- Common Base
CC- Common Collector
5. Among CE,CB and CC configurations, which one is the popular? Why?
The CE configuration is widely used because it provides both voltage gain as well as
current gain greater than unity.
6. Draw the circuit of NPN transistor in CB configuration?
7. Name the operating modes of a transistor?
1. Cut off 2.Active3.Saturation

8. Define Semiconductor.
A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a
conductor, such as metallic copper, and an insulator, such as glass. Its resistivity falls as its
temperature rises; metals behave in the opposite way.

9. What is diffusion current?


Diffusion current Density is a current in a semiconductor caused by the diffusion of charge
carriers. This is the current which is due to the transport of charges occurring because of non-
uniform concentration of charged particles in a semiconductor.

10. What you mean by depletion layer in PN junction diode?


Depletion region or depletion layer is a region in a P-N junction diode where no mobile charge
carriers are present. Depletion layer acts like a barrier that opposes the flow of electrons from n-
side and holes from p-side.

11. Define Knee voltage of a Diode.


Knee voltage is the forward voltage at which the flow of the current through the PN junction of
the diode increases rapidly. The knee voltage is generally observed in Zener Diodes.

12. When does a transistor act as a switch?


A transistor can be used as a solid state switch. If the transistor is operated in the saturation
region then it acts as closed switch and when it is operated in the cut off region then it behaves as
an open switch.

13. What is transistor biasing?


The proper flow of zero signal collector current and the maintenance of proper collector emitter
voltage during the passage of signal is known as Transistor Biasing. The circuit which provides
transistor biasing is called as Biasing Circuit.

14. When a transistor should be biased. Name two common biasing circuits?
To amplify a signal, two conditions have to be met in transistor.
 The input voltage should exceed cut-in voltage for the transistor to be ON.
 The BJT should be in the active region, to be operated as an amplifier.
The given DC voltage and currents are so chosen that the transistor remains in active region for
entire input AC cycle. Hence DC biasing is needed.
Types
1. Fixed bias
2. Voltage divider bias
3. Collector to base bias

15. Why BJT’s are called Bipolar transistors?


Bipolar transistors are a type of transistor composed of PN junctions, which are also called bipolar
junction transistors (BJTs). It is so named because its operation involves two kinds of charge carriers,
holes and electrons.

16. Define Rectifiers. List the types of Rectifiers.


A rectifier is a device that converts an oscillating two-directional alternating current (AC) into a single-
directional direct current (DC).
Types:
Half wave rectifier, Full wave rectifier

17. Why do you call FET as field effect transistor?


The name “field effect” is derived from the fact that the current is controlled by an electric field set up in
the device by an external voltage, applied across gate and source terminals, which reverse bias the
junctions.

18. Define pinch off voltage?


It is the voltage at which the channel is pinched off, i.e. all the free charge from the channel get removed.
At Pinch-off voltage VP the drain current becomes constant.

19. Mention the applications of FET.


• FET is used as a buffer in measuring instruments, receivers since it has high i/p impedance and low o/p
impedance.
• FETS are used in RF amplifiers in FM tuners and communication equipment for the low noise level.
• Since the device is voltage controlled, it is used as a voltage variable resistor in op-amps and tone
controls.
• Used as phase shift oscillator because frequency drifts is low.

20. What is a MOSFET?


Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistors commonly known as MOSFETs are electronic devices used
to switch or amplify voltages in circuits. It is a current controlled device and is constructed by three
terminals.

21. What are the two modes of MOSFET?


Depletion Mode
When there is no voltage across the gate terminal, the channel shows maximum conductance. When the
voltage across the gate terminal is either positive or negative, then the channel conductivity decreases.

Enhancement Mode
When there is no voltage across the gate terminal, then the device does not conduct. When there is the
maximum voltage across the gate terminal, then the device shows enhanced conductivity.

22. What is SCR and its types?


A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor-controlled rectifier is a four-layer solidstate current-
controlling device. The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is General Electric's trade name for a type of
thyristor. SCRs are mainly used in electronic devices that require control of high voltage and power.

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