Light

1 Which of these statements is true?

A Light travels in straight lines.
B Light is stopped when it meets a solid object.
C Light does not travel in straight lines.
D Light will only travel for about 2000km before it stops.

2 Which of these is not a source of light?

A a light bulb
B the Sun
C a mirror
D a TV

3 Shadows are formed because:

A light will only travel a certain distance before it stops.
B a substance called ‘darkness’ collects behind some objects.
C some objects do not give out light in all directions.
D light cannot go through some objects.

4 Which statement is true?

A Sound travels faster than light.
B Sound will not travel. Only light can travel.
C Light travels faster than sound.
D Light and sound travel at the same speed.

5 Objects that light can easily pass through are said to be:
A transparent.
B apparent.
C opaque.
D oblong.

6 Which phrase best completes the following sentence? We see things because:
A they are luminous.
B the Sun shines on them.
C light from them enters our eyes.
D light from our eyes shines on them.

7 Opaque objects can:

A transmit and reflect light.
B transmit and absorb light.
C reflect and absorb light.
D only reflect light.

8 Which of these will absorb the most light?

A a white sheet of paper
B a sheet of clear glass
C a black piece of card
D an orange piece of card
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1. Define reflection.
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2. The diagram below illustrates a light ray bouncing off a surface. Fill in the boxes with
the correct terms.

i. ii. iii.

iv. iv.

3. State the two laws of reflection.

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4. Which one is best shown by the image formation on the mirror?

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5. Complete these sentences.

Rough The same size as incident Reflected Equal to

The same distance from Plane Scattered Image

A flat mirror is also known as a _______________________ mirror. When a light ray

hits the mirror, it is _______________________. The reflection in the mirror is called
an ____________________. The image in the mirror is _______________________
the object. The image appears to be _______________________ the mirror as the
object.

The ray that hits the mirror is called the ______________ ray. The angle of incidence
is _______________________ the angle of reflection. You cannot see an image using a
___________ surface like paper. This is because the light rays that hitting the paper are
_______________________ in all directions.

6. The diagram below shows a ray of light reflected from a plane mirror.

What is the angle of reflection?

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1. What is refraction?
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2. Why does refraction happen?

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3. What happens when light hits a glass block at an angle?

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4. What can you say about the refracted ray compared to the incident ray when light
travels through air in to a glass block at an angle?
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5. Choose three of these words to complete the sentences:

slower bent reflected

faster refracted

When a pencil is put into a beaker of water

it looks _____________. This is because the light is _______________ as it leaves

the water. The light travels _______________ in air than water.

6. When a coin is placed near the edge of the inside of a cup, at certain angles – you
cannot see the coin. This is shown in picture A. When water is added, you are now
able to see the coin. This is due to the effects of refraction.
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a. Complete diagram B showing how the light rays now enter the eye from the
coin to show how you are now able to see the coin.

b. Explain what effect allows you to now see the coin (in diagram B) and how it
happens?

Medium Faster Slower

Refraction Reflection Direction

Any material that light can travel through is called a ________________. The

bending of light is known as _________________. Light travels

_____________________ in water than it does in air. Light bends as it passes from

air to glass because it changes ____________________.

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1. (a) Label the diagram using the words below:

Ray of white light Prism A spectrum

(b) Colour in the spectrum in which red light bends the least, violet bends the most.
Write down the names of the colours in the spectrum.

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(c) Explain why white light splits up into the different colours when it goes through a
prism.

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2. In white light coloured objects reflect some of the light while the rest is absorbed.

Black objects abosrb all colours. If you have a red coat on it, appears red because

only red light is reflected.

(a) Which colours are absorbed by the red coat?

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(b) Which colours are reflected from

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i. Black trousers :

ii. A white shirt :

iii. A blue jumper :

(c) You can change the colour of light using filter. There only allow light of the colour of
the filter through and absorb all the other colours. Complete the table below.

Item of
In white light In red light In green light In blue light
clothing
White shirt Green
Red tie Red
Blue jeans Blue
Green belt Black

3. There are three primary colours of light. They are red, green and blue. All the
other colours of the spectrum are mixtures of these colours. What two primary
colours of light do you think makes up:

i. Yellow light :

ii. Violet light :

iii. Cyan light :

4. Explain what colour a white object would look like in green light.

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5. In a dark room a pure blue and a pure green light are shined onto red ball. What
colour would it appear and why?

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1. Two cyclists are riding along a dark road at night. One is wearing black clothes
and the other is wearing light-colored clothes.

A car is driving behind the two cyclists. Light from the car headlamp shines on
the cyclists.

a. What happens to the light when it reaches the light-coloured clothes?

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b. On the drawing above, draw a ray of light to show how light from the
headlamp reaches the driver so that he can see the cyclist in the light-coloured
clothes.
Draw arrows to show the direction of the light.

c. What happens to the light when it reaches the black clothes?

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2. The diagram shows a ray of light hitting the surface of a mirror made from thick
glass.The incident ray is both reflected and refracted.

glass m irror
incident
ray

(a) (i) Give the letters of the two reflected rays.

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(ii) Give the letter of one refracted ray.

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(b) The incident ray is brighter than ray A.

Give one reason for this.

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