CHP 1 - 2
CHP 1 - 2
1.0 INTEGRATION
1.3 Techniques of Integration
LEARNING OUTCOMES
f ( g ( x)) g ( x) dx .
Let u g (x)
du
g (x)
dx
du g ( x) dx
then f ( g ( x)) g ( x) dx f (u ) du
Solution
Let u 4 x 2
3x
du
8x 3
dx
du (8 x 3) dx
(8 x 3)( 4 x 2 3 x ) 7 dx u 7 du
u8
c
8
1
(4 x 2 3 x)8 c
8
Example 2
(6 x 5)e
3 x 2 5 x
Find dx .
Solution
Let u 3 x 2
5x
du
6x 5
dx
du (6 x 5) dx
(6 x 5)e 3 x 2 5 x
dx e u du
eu c
3 x 2 5 x
e c
Example 3
ln x
Find dx .
x
Solution
Let u ln x
du 1
dx x
1
du dx
x
ln x
dx u du
x
u2
c
2
1
(ln x ) 2 c
2
Example 4
Find 4 x 3 cos x 4 dx .
Solution
Let u x 4
du
4x 3
dx
du 4 x 3 dx
4 x 3 cos x 4 dx cos u du
sin u c
sin x 4 c
Example 5
Find sin 4 x cos x dx .
Solution
Let u sin x
du
cos x
dx
du cos x dx
sin 4 x cos x dx u 4 du
u5
c
5
1 5
sin x c
5
b) Perform integration by parts
u dv uv v du
Three steps to perform integration by parts
1) Identify u and dv .
2) Find du and v .
3) Substitute into formula and solve it.
Technique of integration by part
Choose u by using LoPET
1) Lo : logarithm
2) P : polynomial ( x , x 2 , x 3 )
3) E : exponential
4) T : trigonometry
Example 6
Find xe x dx
Solution
ux dv e x dx
u dv uv v du
du
1 v e x dx LoPET
dx
du dx ex x ex
xe x dx (x) (e x ) (e x ) ( dx )
xe x e x dx
xe x e x c
Example 7
Find x cos x dx
Solution
ux dv cos x dx
u dv uv v du
du
dx
1 v cos x dx LoPET
sin x x cos x
du dx
x2 x2
ln x c
2 4