Bringing It All Together -Bxamine the diagram and note the similarities and differences between meiosis oss parent cll toss X acing XO ie ata A arg ey 7 qT (ence rstel \ | ctvomoromes homologous PN scope homologous ~ daughter cells See, (ptt ae Seperate during \ (: ) eee fat Boe some OZ nt NT @@ daughter ells of mitosis ey & oo ee iio = = co lost chromosomes, Syye e or ne oe Metaphase | + duplicated chromosomes at metaphase plate came as wuikosit Tonk) ponetiby ‘anaphase | «sister chromatids separate, become daughter Momslogons Soh Sisker Cowes tnomosames that move tothe poles Telophae | chomosomeshave one ‘chvomatid Q-cells, Cord 4 cells, hsploid| + two diploid daughter cells frm, identical tothe parental cell (differ fiom one foctasn ) haploid daughter cells, 978-0-07-105100-2 Chapter 4 Cell Division and Reproduction MHR. SG-65Knowledge/Understanding A. True/False: Place a T in the blank provided if the statement is true or an F in the blank if the statement is false. If the statement is false, cross out/replace specific words in order to correct the statement. 1A Set genotype cat sesults from a Yb erss. J @ Aa es 7 2. When dominance applies, if a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, the next generation will faveg LT henotypic ratio and 11:1 Benotypic ratio, 3. In his pea plant experiments, Mendel found that when he crossed two F; hybrid plants, = all resulting plants exhibited the dominant trait. eet An Ana ee des 4, The relationship of heterozygous to homozygous is the same as Purebred to hybrid, E (evewet 4) 5. In pea plants, the recessive trait of shortness will appear phenotypically only if the pea r Dh among gory B. Terminology Match: Match the description/term on the right to the most appropriate term on the left by placing the appropriate letter in the blank provided. (dominant AT the union of two gametes j_ gene AB: similar pairs of chromosomes && heterozygous -€: division of somatic cells (body cells) Q homozygous ~BF result of a parental cross meiosis EC male gamete A zygote _: fill set of chromosomes (46 in humans) © sperm GC both alleles identical @ AF HE expression prevented by dominant allele alleles .AX represented by capital letters M1 phenotype originally called factors by Mendel P locus Ke description of genetic information on chromosomes 1 genotype EC various forms of a gene for a particular trait A, homologs _MeFhysical expression of a trait ‘mitosis “Neothe production of gametes h__ recessive Or heredity ‘O_ genetics -9F position of a gene on a chromosome £ diploid Qehybrid 4.2) In Jomatoes, round finit(R) is dominant to long fyi (7), and smooth skin (S) is dominant to furxy kia) RSS er is cross-bred with {iss plant. When two of the resulting F; plants vs bred, the following F; generation was obtained: 43 round and smooth and 13 long and fuzzy. Are the genes for skin texture and fruit shape likely to be on the same or on diffecent homologous chromosomes? Explain your answer briefly. RRSS Dx Cress) SFY 5 evel, RSs Rs ath AS all es > fois 923233) RS. eS b) In the tomatoes of part a) al ing is it ia of part a) above, an F; offspring is mated with a homozygous recessive (rss). RSs. 1¢ following plants were obtained is ie fuzz. 21 round and furry an Tf inne so eee 83 round and smooth, 602 long ande/ 19, Colour blindness is inherited as an X-linked recessiv& Tasting is an autosomal trait in whi , rm which tasting (1) is dominant to non-tasting (0). A heterozygous (for tasting) colour-blind male is married toa on-tasting colour-blind carrier female, Use a Punnett square to determine the answer to the following questions. (8 marks) a) If they have a daughter, what is the Probability that she will be a taster and a colour-blind carrier? te oye What is the probability ofthe couple having @ non-taster colour-blind son? ‘ o (ash ©) What is the probability that the couple will have a taster child who is not colour-blind? Este. pennett Syere aa Wyo yo 5% 20, In a certain breed of roses, long-stemmed (L,) is dominant to short-stemmed (1), and yellow roses (¥). is dominant ore rose (). An entspssing high-school bology student crosses an LIYy plant and an yy plant. rom the cross prodi ants that are long-stemmed and red, @05)plants that are long-stemmed and yellow,8 plants that are short-stemmed and yellow, and407 plants that are red and short-stemmed. Clearly explain these results. (Hint: Is this what you would expect?) (3 marks). Ltyy ol yy SNe, re shoutd be aot ee jy ty Ly of et cat. ly [LLYy [LLyy UYy , Tag [yellow bers] A "short /ptlow 21. In the crosfAaBb x GaBb, both traits show dominance and assort independently. Without working out the Punnett square for this cross, determine what fraction of the F individuals would exhibit a phenotype with the dominant trait for the first trait and the recessive trait for the second trait. Briefly explain how you were able to do this without working out the whole cross. (2 marks) Abb =-3 This is a classic Aihybrih cass tly q: 3 : 3: paw ‘a A-BA aif ee 7 28, In mice, if prey coat colour (G) is dominant to white (g) and lon; What fraction of the F; mice that Sere ou an sori (Gmarks) tt fom each ofthe following crosses would you predst pe a) GeTt t GgTt b) gett x GGtt ¢) GgTt x geTt v @ q:2237| ts Ratvo hit K See punt Sparse| xe | AY ae tt XEX* | LEXY lanireter_ col 2. Waste ee xox, (EXT TEX | THEY Meester cclonsbied | caster wee og ggTe x GGtt as t e —t Gt | Gglt Gq GR=PR= lel« N xt | xe | 3, LX aly al yey] yA yl Nya) oye) tee ane a WY Ne Key we oP " YDS DY ZL {ey 1 | "q-Hemophilla is a sex-linked tra person with hemophilia is lacking certain proteins that are necessary for normal blood clotting. Hemophilia is caused by a recessive allele, so use "X"" for normal blood and “x? for hemophilia. Since hemophilia is sex-linked, remember a woman will have two alleles (x"X* or X"x" or X"X") but a man will have only one allele (x* or X"), A woman who is heterozygous (a carrier) for hemophilia marries a normal man: AAS a. What are the genotypes of the parents? Make a Punnett square for, ,., : the above cross. 2 a ey! & all (coh b. What is the probability that a male offspring will have hemophilia? .50 /. sow c. What is the probability of having a hemophiliac female offspringa— cE 4, 2. Can a color blind female have a son that has normal vision? Color © blindness is caused by a sex-linked recessive allele. *use X° = ile fc = i xe [xe vision and.x* = color blind. Sey pall Bs, v a. What must the mother's genotype be? XY “Y]x* {| all cons cb. b. If her husband has normal vision, what is his genotype / v/ c. Show a Punnett square to explain your answer. 3. Baldness Is a sex-linked trait. What parental genotypes could produce e@ a bald woman? *use X" = normal hair, and x" = bald Y N yn rn a. Write the various genotypes po: ie tor this trait (a cathe of them) © b. Show two punnett squares: vale x bald male; Carrier fema > x normal-haired male.— c. Use genotypic & phenotypic vdios to explain your fi ings. sez 2Pev= 4, In cats, one gene for coat colour is on the X chromosome. The dominant allele X° gives orange coloured fur (‘marmalade' cats) while XO gives all black cats. x°x° females are tortoiseshell; that is, they have patches of ipo orange & black fur. “Ovo a.ifa tord icine female mates with an Grama, what can we expect to see among the litter of kittens? b. If the same female mates with a black mi this change the phenotypes of the next litter’ c. There's another gene for white spots, which Is an incot e dominant & not sex linked. SS cats have many white spots; Ss have fewer, and ss have none. A tortoiseshell cat with white spots Is called a ‘calico’ cat. What do the kittens look like when a calico female, X°X°SS, Is yw" @ 4 @ W/ @ VS ext season, how does 13:32:51 XS | X e Mealico an | @ if beck o” : $s : eS 1 @ awry 3 PPM a : 95 0] 82 = proc pba: Setd 5 1/59)" won ae fe A Cay Fe | 8 erhbaklle 30Name Date, Period, Genetics Pedigree Worksheet 1, Use the below pedigree chart to answer the following questions about dimples. The Dimple gene controls whether a person has dimples or doesn’t have dimples. Dimples is dominant to no dimples. Place the genotypes of each individual below its symbol. gh gpa “EOD 5 4 I ps oD o 1 B @ 5 45 7 8 9 109, TT mak femake hy ee aa y ie aA Ox D— Dimples gene (D) 13 a 14 Dimples is dominant fo no . dimples A) How many family members have Dimples? gon v 3B) Whats the genotype ofindvidual 3and47 Da, = phey hawe a dd cle wv ©’ cancer indivi #09 te homozygous? Ko = Sy re DE a 7 ©) Explain the family relationship that #12 has with #2, grawdchid/ grandpard ae 2. Use the below pedigree chart to answer the following three questions about unibrows, A person can either have two eyebrows or one fused eyebrow called a unibrow. ‘The Eyebrow gene codes for which type of eyebrows a person will have, NOTE: this is a Recessive Trait- Which mean for a person to be affected they must have two recessive alleles. Place the genotypes of each individual below its symbol. 1 el oO male female 5 ce Eyebrow gene (B) The eyebrow gene ise @ recessive trait. A person (questions on back) EL “BL ©A) How many family members have unibrows? 5 v B) Whatis the genotype of individual #42 €@@ a @ v v ©) Are individuals #8 and #9 homozygous @) ©) Whatis the genotype of individual #2? en ieteninake = B= a v Conth be CE or Be and shill oh oun rect For the following pedigree, the symbols are as follows: + Siblings are placed in birth order from left to right and are labeled with numbers. * Each generation is labeled with a Roman numeral. © Exumpl ld name an individual 1-3 if he/she was in the second generation and the 3° child bom bak bow Be AL A. aa Try to identify the genotypes of the following individuals using the pedigree above. (homozygous dorninant, homozygous recessive, heterozygous) + Gat av . ta) 7 : 1. Is this trait dominant oj = v 2 3B 4.3 ot TH ave Chom) phonohype : L wodnce DL ebilder F dat Oech v 2. How can you know lee fee individuals II-3 and II-4 are heterozygous’ face chen, a a Foot aa , showing the teceaive orem This con onty hain ® 1B Haegre each carcyng the tec. atte