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Tutorial Sheet MODULE III

Design of Springs

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29 views

Tutorial Sheet MODULE III

Design of Springs

Uploaded by

vjebaraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial Sheet

Module – III
Design of Mechanical
Springs
SPRING FORCE CALCULATION FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS

1. A railway wagon moving at a velocity of 1.5 m/s is brought to rest by a bumper


consisting of two helical springs arranged in parallel. The mass of the wagon is
1500 kg. The springs are compressed by 150 mm in bringing the wagon to rest.
Calculate the force on each spring.
2. A safety valve operated by a helical tension spring through the lever mechanism is
schematically illustrated in Fig. The diameter of the valve is 50 mm. In normal
operating conditions, the valve is closed and the pressure inside the chamber is 0.5
N/mm2. The valve is opened when the pressure inside the chamber increases to 0.6
N/mm2. The maximum lift of the valve is 5 mm. Calculate the spring force.

Fig.1. Safety valve


3. A safety valve, 40 mm in diameter, is to blow off at a pressure of 1.2 MPa. It is
held on its seat by means of a helical compression spring, with an initial
compression of 20 mm. The maximum lift of the valve is 12 mm. Calculate the
spring force.
4. An automotive engine develops maximum torque at a speed of 1000 rpm. At this
speed, the power developed by the engine is 25 kW. The engine is equipped with a
single plate clutch having two pairs of friction surfaces. The mean diameter of the
friction disk is 190 mm and the coefficient of friction is 0.35. Six springs provide the
necessary axial force. Calculate the force on each spring.

Fig.2. Clutch Mechanism


Design of Helical Spring
Q. An eccentric cam, 100mm in diameter rotates with an eccentricity of 10mm as
shown. The roller follower is held against the cam by means of a helical compression
spring made of oil hardened and tempered steel wire. The force between the cam and
the follower varies from 100N at the lowest position to 350N at the highest position of
the follower. The permissible shear stress in the spring wire is recommended as 30% of
the UTS. Assume spring index as 6. Design the spring from static considerations and
determine the FOS against fluctuating stresses. Neglect the effect of inertia forces.
The spring is safe under the given dynamic loading conditions.
Q. A spring-loaded relief valve is shown in Fig.1. It consists of a plunger, which is
mounted in the main body covering the outlet opening. It is held against the inlet
opening by means of a helical compression spring, with adjustable compression. When
the force due to hydraulic pressure acting on the plunger exceeds the initial setting of
the spring, the plunger is lifted up, permitting the oil to relieve into the outlet opening.
Since the valve is occasionally used, the spring is to be designed for static load. The
diameter of the plunger is 25 mm and the outer diameter of the spring should not
exceed 20 mm because of space limitations. The normal working pressure is 0.25
N/mm2 and the valve should open at a pressure of 1 N/mm 2, with a valve-lift of 6 mm
from the normal position. The spring is made of oil hardened and tempered valve spring
wire of Grade- VW (G = 81370 N/mm2). The permissible shear stress in the wire can be
taken as 50% of the ultimate tensile strength. Design the spring and determine: (i) the
wire diameter; (ii) the mean coil diameter; (iii) the stiffness of the spring; and (iv) the
number of active coils.
Design of Leaf Spring
Q. Design a semi-elliptic leaf spring for the following specifications: Load (2P) = 20 kN,
total number of leaves (n) = 10, span of spring (2L) = 0.6 m, permissible deflection (y) =
50 mm. Take modulus of elasticity E = 200 GPa and allowable stress for spring material
is 600 MPa. The leaves are pre-stressed so as to equalize stresses in all leaves.

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