CLASSIFICATION OF NUMBERS (Solutions)

1. Since, a and b are odd positive integers, so, their difference will be even and difference of a
and c will be odd because a is odd and c is even.
Now,
b(a - c)² = odd × odd² = odd × odd = odd
b²(a - c) = odd² × odd = odd
c(a - b)² = even × even² = even
b(a - c) = odd × odd = odd

2. (c)
Given, x is positive even integer and y is negative odd integer.
Let y = -a
So, x  x  1
y a

xa
Since, xy can be represented in the (p/q) it will be a rational number. Hence, option C is
correct.

3. (d)
Option A: X³Y2Z is odd → True (Because odd³ × odd² × odd = odd)
Option B: (X - Y)2z³ is even → True (Because (X - Y) will be even and even × odd = even)
Option C: (X + Y + Z)2(x − y) is even → True (Because (X – Y) will be even and (Odd)2 x Even
= - Even)
Hence, option D is correct.

4. (a)
The number between 50 to 99 = 50
The number between 50 to 99 having digits 2 and 7 = 18
The number between 50 to 99 without the digits 2 and 7 = 32
So, the correct option is A.

5. (a)
654  6 648 18
0.0654   
9900 9900 275
Hence, option A is the correct answer.

6. (d)
Option A = 187 = 11 × 17
Option B = 143 = 11 × 13
Option C = 209 = 11 × 19
Option D = 127 = Prime Number

7. (c)
437 = 23 × 19
1073 = 29 × 37
143 = 11 × 13
853 has no factors other than one and itself.
Hence, 853 is a prime number.

8. (a)
 Option A = (Odd – Odd) × Even + 1 = Odd
Option B = (Odd – Odd) × Even = Even
Option C = (Odd + Odd) × Even = Even

9 (a)
When these numbers are divided by 5 they act as :
n, n + 4, n + (8-5), n + (12-10), n + (16-15)
n, n + 4, n + 3, n + 2, n+1
So, they act like division of 5 consecutive positive integers.
And exactly one out of 5 is divisible by 5.
When divided by 4 they act as
n, n + (4-4), n + (8-8), n + (12-12), (n + 16-16)
n, n,n,n and n
So, nothing is fixed about divisibility by 4, it depends on value on n
So only 1st statement is true.

10. (c)
If 'p' is even, then it must be 2 (as it is the only even prime number), and it can be checked
that (195 − p), where 'p' is 2, is a prime number, i.e., 193 is a prime number.
Similarly, if p is odd, then it must be 193, because in that case (195 - p) would also be prime.
Now, the prime numbers left are all odd and 195 is also odd. So, when these two numbers will
be subtracted, we will get an even number and all even numbers (except 2, its case is already
taken) are atleast multiple of 2. So, the difference (195 - p) will not be a prime number. Hence,
only two prime number values of p exist.

11. (d)
Answer: Option D
Option 1: False
(y - x) is equal to an even integer when x = 2 and y = 6
Option 2: False
xy is an even integer whenever x = 2 and y = 6
Option 3: False
(x + y)/x is an even integer when x = 3 and y = 9, 15, 21, 27... and so on. (i.e. Taking any
value of x and then taking y as a multiple of that x will work).

12 (c)
As P, Q and R are consecutive odd numbers,
Q = P + 2 and R = P + 4. Now 3P = 2(P + 4) - 3. On solving this equation, we get P = 5.
Therefore, R = 5 + 4 = 9.

13 (6)
The maximum sum of the digits of a two-digit number can be 18 and it is also given that the
sum is a prime number.
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is 11 = 2(29, 47)
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is 7 = 1(43)
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is 5 = 2(23, 41)
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is 3 = 0
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is 2 = 1(11)
Number of two-digit prime numbers whose sum of digits is prime = 2+1+2+0+1 = 6
14. (d)
Let the other multiplier be x.
Increase in product because of the mistake = 53x - 35x = 18x
⇒18x = 540⇒ x = 30
Hence, the new product = 53 × 30 = 1590.

15. (d)
Let the given integer be N.
We have N + 100 = p² and
N+ 168 = q² (p and q are natural numbers).
We have, q² - p² = 68
or, (q+p)(q − p) = 34 × 2
As, q2 - p² is an even number, q and p are either both even or both odd. Hence, each of (q + p)
and (q − p) has to be even and q + p > q- p.
It is possible only when q + p = 34 and q − p = 2. Solving the above equations we get q = 18
and p = 16.
As N + 100 = p² = 162
N = 156.
The sum of the digits of 156 is 12.

16. (17)
Let 0.7434343... be N.
We have,
1000 N = 743.434343 ...
10N = 7.434343...
or, 990N = 736
or, N = 736 or, N = 368  x (given)
990 495 495
Hence, x = 368.
The sum of the digits in x is 3+6+8=17.

17. (b)
Let the number be abc.
The value of the number is 100a+10b+c
It is given that;
(i) a³+b3+c³ = 1136
(ii) b+c = 4a
(iii) 100c+10b+a - (100a+10b+c) = 297
or, 99(c - a) = 297
or, c - a = 3
or, c = a+3
Keeping (ii) and (iii) in mind, the possibilities are;

Out of these cases, in only (iv) we get a³+b3+c³ = 1136

Note:a cannot be 5 as then b+c becomes 20, but b+c≤ 18 as b and c are both numerals can be
only in the rage of 0 to 9.
18. (d)
Total number of perfect squares till 1000 = 31
(312 = 961 < 1000 <1024 = 322)
Total number of perfect cubes till 1000 = 10
(103 = 1000 < 1331 = 113)
A number of the form n6 (where n is a natural number) will always be a perfect square as well
as a perfect cube as
n6 = (n³)² = (n²)3
Total number of numbers below 1000 which are perfect square as well as perfect
cube= 3
16 = 1 = 12 = 13 < 1000
26=64= 82 = 43 < 1000
36 = 729 = 272 = 93 < 1000
but 46 = 4096 = 64² = 16³ > 1000
Hence, the number of numbers between 1 and 1000 which are neither a perfect square nor a
perfect cube = 1000 - 31 10 + 3 = 962.

19 (c)
We have, D = 0. a1a2a1a2 …..
100D = a1a2. a1a2a1a2 …..
Taking the difference of the above equations: D = a1a 2
99
So, D must be multiplied by either 99 or any other multiple of 99 to become an integer. Among
the options, only 198 is a multiple of 99.

20. (a)
Now, sum can be rational only when x and y have same magnitude but opposite signs i.e., one
is negative and another is positive.
Like, x = √2 and y = -√2
Sum (x + y) = 0 which is rational
Since, range of y is smaller as B € (-90, 102) and we can pick any value from - 90 to 102 but
we will not pick negatives as it makes the number complex.
So, possible values are 1 to 102 excluding perfect squares
So, total = 102 - 10 = 92 which are irrationals and same can be found for x in SetA
Possible values = 92 but x and y can also be interchanged so 92 × 2 = 184 is the final answer.