CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Furniture is a collective noun for the movable items that can support a person's weight,
offer storage, or hold or contain smaller items like clothing, tools, books, or household items.
Furniture is a creation of design and is regarded as a sort of decorative art. In addition to its
practical use, furniture can also have symbolic or religious significance. The term "furniture"
refers to all movable and immovable accessories used in rooms or other parts of any structure,
however wood and other natural materials are more common. The history of furniture may be
traced back to the ancient Egyptians and continues with a few gaps to the present. Basic shapes
like the chair, table, and other items evolved during this lengthy period of time and were passed
down to subsequent generations and culture. The furniture manufacturing industry stands as a
vital pillar within the realm of manufacturing and design. It encompasses the creation of a wide
array of functional and aesthetic pieces that adorn homes, offices, and public spaces.
Leveraging a combination of craftsmanship and modern technology, this industry is responsible
for shaping raw materials such as wood, metal, upholstery, and various composites into well-
crafted and innovative furniture pieces. Ranging from classic to contemporary, minimalist to
ornate, the industry caters to diverse tastes and needs. The intricate processes of design,
engineering, material sourcing, fabrication, and finishing converge to yield products that reflect
both practical utility and artistic expression. With sustainability and innovation gaining
prominence, the furniture manufacturing industry continually evolves, integrating eco-friendly
practices, ergonomic considerations, and smart technologies to align with changing consumer
preferences and global trends.

FURNITURE INDUSTRY ON INTERNATIONAL LEVEL:

The global furniture market size was valued at $516.66 billion in 2022 & is projected
to grow from $541.52 billion in 2023 to $780.43 billion by 2030. Stylish house furnishing
effectively enhance the beauty of the living space. Growing home decoration and renovation
trends among the global production are primarily driving the demand for such products.
Consumers mainly prefer to buy highly engineered items such as sofas, stools, chairs, and
others to make their hall and dining rooms aesthetic. Also, people can flexibly conduct
meetings and discussions through the usage of sectional sofas in their offices. Rising demand

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for chairs and stools of different sculptural shapes, such as a pyramid, curves and others, among
households as likely to provide newer opportunities for the market’s growth.

The furniture industry on an international level encompasses the manufacturing,

distribution, and sale of furniture products across different countries. It is a diverse and thriving
industry that caters to various segments, including residential, commercial, and hospitality. The
global furniture market has experienced significant growth over the years. According to recent
reports, the market size was valued at around USD 540 billion in 2020, and it is projected to
reach USD 850 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of
approximately 9%. Factors contributing to this growth include urbanization, rising disposable
incomes, changing lifestyles, and an increased focus on interior design. The furniture industry
comprises both large multinational corporations and smaller regional manufacturers. Some of
the prominent international players in the industry include IKEA (Sweden), Ashley Furniture
Industries (United States), Steelcase Inc. (United States), HNI Corporation (United States),
Haworth Inc. (United States), and Herman Miller Inc. (United States). These companies have
a global presence and offer a wide range of furniture products for different market segments.

Several countries are known as major manufacturing hubs for the furniture industry.
China is the world's largest furniture exporter, accounting for a significant portion of global
furniture production. Other important manufacturing countries include the United States,
Germany, Italy, Vietnam, India, Poland, Malaysia, and Indonesia. These countries have
established manufacturing infrastructure, skilled labour, and favourable business
environments, attracting both domestic and international furniture producers. International
trade plays a vital role in the furniture industry. Furniture products are exported and imported
across various countries to meet consumer demands and take advantage of cost-effective
manufacturing opportunities. China, the United States, and Germany are major furniture
exporters, while the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom are major furniture
importers. Trade fairs and exhibitions, such as the Milan Furniture Fair (Italy) and High Point
Market (United States), serve as platforms for international business networking and
showcasing new designs. The furniture industry faces several challenges on the international
level. These include intense competition, price volatility of raw materials, fluctuating currency
exchange rates, regulatory compliance, and intellectual property rights protection.
Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the industry, causing disruptions in
supply chains, factory closures, and changes in consumer behaviour.

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 In summary, the furniture industry on an international level is a dynamic and growing
sector with a diverse range of players. It is driven by factors such as changing consumer
preferences, urbanization, and rising disposable incomes. The industry faces challenges but
continues to evolve through innovation, sustainability, and international trade.

FURNITURE INDUSTRY ON INDIAN LEVEL:

The furniture industry in India has experienced significant growth and transformation
in recent years. The Indian furniture market has been expanding rapidly due to factors such as
urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and changing lifestyles. The market was valued at
around $17.9 billion in 2020 and is projected to reach $61.8 billion by 2025, growing at a
CAGR of approximately 35%. India has a rich tradition of craftsmanship, which is reflected in
its diverse range of traditional furniture styles. However, there has been a shift towards modern
and contemporary designs in urban areas, driven by changing consumer preferences and the
influence of global trends. Several states in India have emerged as prominent furniture
manufacturing hubs. Regions like Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Karnataka have a
significant presence of furniture manufacturing clusters, where both large-scale factories and
small-scale workshops operate. The Indian furniture market offers a wide range of products,
including residential furniture (such as beds, sofas, tables, and chairs), office furniture, outdoor
furniture, kitchen furniture, and more. Additionally, there is a growing demand for customized
and modular furniture solutions. The advent of e-commerce has revolutionized the furniture
industry in India. Online platforms have made it easier for consumers to explore a vast array
of products, compare prices, and make purchases conveniently. Many established furniture
retailers and startups have also ventured into the online space to cater to this growing trend.
With increasing awareness about environmental concerns, there is a growing emphasis on
sustainable and eco-friendly furniture. Indian manufacturers are adopting practices such as
using recycled materials, implementing efficient production processes, and promoting
responsible sourcing of wood. India has been witnessing a steady growth in furniture exports.
Indian manufacturers have been exporting furniture to countries in Europe, North America, the
Middle East, and Asia. The government's "Make in India" campaign and favorable policies
have further boosted the export potential of the Indian furniture industry. The furniture industry
in India faces challenges such as lack of skilled labor, inadequate infrastructure, and a
fragmented supply chain. Additionally, the industry needs to focus on product quality, design
innovation, and brand building to compete effectively in the global market.

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 Overall, the Indian furniture industry is on a growth trajectory, driven by factors like
increasing consumer spending, urbanization, and the rise of e-commerce. With a mix of
traditional craftsmanship and modern designs, India has the potential to become a major player
in the global furniture market.

The history of the furniture industry is a rich and fascinating journey that spans
thousands of years, reflecting the evolution of human civilization, cultural influences,
technological advancements, and changing lifestyles. From ancient civilizations' rudimentary
pieces to today's sophisticated and innovative designs, the furniture industry has continuously
adapted to meet the needs and preferences of humanity.

Ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, laid the groundwork
for the furniture industry. They crafted furniture primarily from natural materials like wood,
stone, and animal skins. These early pieces were often simple in design and functionality,
serving practical purposes in daily life. The ancient Egyptians, for instance, produced ornate
and intricate furniture, as evidenced by the exquisite pieces found in the tombs of pharaohs.

The Middle Ages brought about a notable shift in furniture craftsmanship. Skilled
artisans emerged, and guilds were established to regulate the trade. Furniture design became
more intricate and aesthetically pleasing. In the Gothic period, furniture featured pointed
arches, decorative carvings, and religious motifs. With the Renaissance in the 15th and 16th
centuries, artistic expression flourished, leading to the creation of more elegant and luxurious
pieces, often adorned with precious metals and gems.

The Baroque and Rococo periods of the 17th and 18th centuries saw furniture become
even more opulent and extravagant. Furniture designs were characterized by intricate
ornamentation, curvilinear forms, and a focus on comfort. These styles were favored by the
European aristocracy and the growing middle class. The 18th century also saw the emergence
of a new era in furniture production with the Industrial Revolution. Advancements in
technology and manufacturing processes led to mass production, making furniture more
accessible to a broader range of consumers. The use of steam-powered machinery and assembly
lines revolutionized the industry, significantly reducing production time and costs. With the
19th century came the Victorian era, known for its eclectic mix of design influences and the
revival of historic styles. This period saw the popularity of heavy, ornate furniture featuring
elaborate carvings and rich upholstery. Simultaneously, the Arts and Crafts movement emerged

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as a reaction to industrialization, advocating for craftsmanship, simplicity, and the use of
natural materials. The 20th century+ marked a period of remarkable innovation and
experimentation in furniture design. The Bauhaus movement, founded by Walter Gropius in
Germany, emphasized functional, minimalist designs that celebrated the combination of form
and function. Designers like Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, and Charles and Ray Eames
pioneered modern furniture that embraced clean lines, geometric shapes, and the use of new
materials like plastic and plywood. As the world recovered from the devastation of World War
II, the mid-century modern style gained popularity, epitomized by sleek, organic designs and
the use of innovative materials like fiberglass and molded plastic. Furniture became more
adaptable to smaller living spaces, reflecting the changing urban lifestyles.

In the latter half of the 20th century, the furniture industry continued to evolve with the
rise of global trade and mass consumerism. Furniture production became increasingly
international, with companies sourcing materials and manufacturing in different parts of the
world to reduce costs and expand market reach. This era also witnessed the introduction of
ergonomic designs, incorporating scientific principles to enhance comfort and functionality.

The turn of the millennium brought further advancements in technology, particularly

with the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and other digital tools. These
technologies enabled more precise and complex designs, as well as improved customization
options. Sustainable and eco-friendly practices gained traction, with a growing awareness of
environmental issues.

Today, the furniture industry is a thriving global market, catering to diverse tastes and lifestyles.
It encompasses a vast array of styles, from traditional and classic designs to contemporary and
avant-garde creations. E-commerce and online retail have transformed the way furniture is
bought and sold, making it more accessible to consumers worldwide.

In conclusion, the history of the furniture industry is a tale of human creativity, innovation, and
adaptability. From humble beginnings to the present-day global market, furniture continues to
play an essential role in shaping our living spaces and reflecting our cultural and societal values.
As technology continues to advance and consumer preferences evolve, the furniture industry
will undoubtedly continue to evolve, inspiring new designs and innovations for generations to
come.

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 CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE

ABOUT THE COMPANY:

Newmen’s Furniture & Homestyle is the finest furniture destination in Tamil Nadu. Our
furniture mall is in the prime location of BKAY Towers on Avinashi Road, Coimbatore. They
cater to the needs of the growing city of Coimbatore, being a one-stop-shop for furniture and
interior designs solutions for homes as well as offices. Uncompromising quality coupled with
the latest trends and designs make this a hotspot for residential and commercial needs alike. In
a very short time, Newmen’s Furniture & Homestyle has earned the trust & patronage of refined
and quality-conscious customers. Spread over an area of 35,000 square feet in three floors,
Newmen’s Furniture & Homestyle has carved a niche in the category and reached an iconic
status in the city. The Italian sofa sets & recliners, Italian dining sets, trendy living room
furniture, cozy yet stylish bedroom furniture, and a host of other innovative products. They
specialise in elegant, custom-made modular kitchens. For offices, they design and supply a
wide range of office furniture including executive chairs, desks, and workstations to make your
office space functional and fabulous. Their ability in providing the latest designs combined
with firm quality standards keep us growing, earning us customers from more than 15 districts
in Tamil Nadu. The, "Newmen furniture’s", leading manufacturer and supplier of a
comprehensive range of Wooden and Steel Furniture. Their gamut of offerings is inclusive of
Kitchen Cabinet, Conference Table and Dressing Table. Their products are highly regarded by
the customers for their exceptional designs, high visual appeal and optimal finish. While
designing their products, they keep in mind the prevailing fashion trends so as to fulfil the
diverse requirements of the customers. As a result, they have been able to garner a huge
clientele that is spread across multiple locations across the country.

They have a state-of-the-art infrastructure that is well-equipped with contemporary

technology-based machinery and world class amenities. They have segregated their facility into

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multiple divisions to ensure that maximum possible operational efficiency is achieved. These
divisions are production, quality control, designing, administration, packaging and logistics.
All these divisions are efficiently managed by their team of dynamic professionals, which is
driven to achieve the organizational objectives within the given time frame. These individuals
are carefully assessed on their qualifications, knowledge levels, expertise and attitude before
being made a part of the team. They encourage their professionals to stay abreast of the
prevailing market trends and craft the products accordingly to fulfil the varied requirements of
thecustomers.
Under the adroit leadership of "Mr. Ramanathan", they have been able to establish a
sound position for ourselves in the industry. Owing to their ethical business policies, they have
been able to gain the trust of their customers.

OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY:

• To carry on business of manufacturing assembling export and import and dealing in all
type of furniture handicraft.
• Maintaining the highest quality and be a leading manufacturer in the industry.
• Provide employment opportunities in the nearby areas.
• To maintain employment and safeguard the interest of labours.

VISION:

“To be the Preferred furniture manufacturer with the highest user base whilst delivering
world class quality at affordable prices for the masse”.

MISSION:

A strong commitment to maintain high standards in casting and machining, to collaborate,

exchange ideas and provide machined furniture using latest technology.

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DIRECTOR’S DETAILS:

DIRECTOR’S NAME PERCENTAGE OF SHARES

Ramanathan 33.34%
Vijayalakshmi Ramanathan 33.33%
Prassana Ramanathan 33.33%

COMPANY DETAILS:

GSTIN 33ABQPV6133N1ZY
Company Name NEWMEN FURNITURE
Company Status Active

RoC RoC-Coimbatore
Owner Name Ramanathan.

Company Category Company limited by Shares

Company Subcategory Non-govt company

Class of Company Private

Registration Year 1999

Activity Design, manufacture, distribution and sale of functional furniture.

Number of Members 100 to 300 People

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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART:

The source of wood for the furniture industry in Newmen furniture may vary, and it can include
both domestic and international suppliers. Some common sources of wood for the furniture
industry in Coimbatore may include:

1. Domestic suppliers within India: Many furniture manufacturers in Coimbatore may source
wood from various regions within India where timber is available. These regions could include
states like Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu itself, and other parts of the country.

2. International sources: They also import wood from other countries to meet specific
demands or to access certain types of wood that might not be readily available domestically.
Countries like Italy, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and African nations are known for
exporting timber to India.
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TYPES OF MACHINERIES USED:

The furniture manufacturing industry employs a diverse range of machinery to

streamline production processes and create high-quality products efficiently. One of the most
fundamental types of machinery in this industry is the sawing equipment, which includes table
saws, band saws, and panel saws. These machines are used to cut raw materials like wood,
plywood, and particleboard into various shapes and sizes. CNC (Computer Numerical Control)
machinery is another essential category, allowing for precise and automated shaping and
carving of furniture components. CNC routers, lathes, and milling machines are employed to
create intricate designs and patterns on wood and other materials. For assembling furniture
pieces, there are specialized machines like edge banders, which apply decorative edges to
surfaces, and dowel insertion machines that automate the process of joining components.
Additionally, sanding machines play a vital role in achieving smooth and polished surfaces on
furniture items. Finishing equipment such as spray booths and curing ovens are used to apply
paints, stains, and protective coatings to furniture, ensuring durability and aesthetic appeal.
Upholstery machinery is also significant in the production of fabric-covered furniture,
including sewing machines for stitching upholstery fabrics and padding.

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 CHAPTER 3
DEPARTMENT AND ITS FUNCTION

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT:

A production department is a group of functions within a business that is responsible

for the manufacture of goods. The production department in the furniture industry is
responsible for transforming raw materials and components into finished furniture products.
This department plays a central role in the manufacturing process and ensures that the furniture
is produced efficiently, adhering to quality standards, and meeting customer demand. This can
include just a few specialized functions with all other work outsourced, or a fully functioning
department that converts raw materials, assembles components into finished goods, and
packages them. The production department can be the largest organization within a business.
It may employee mechanics, machine setup specialists, maintenance personnel, and machine
operators. A key focus of the production department is efficiency. To that end, the bottleneck
operation within the facility is closely monitored and supported so that profit is maximized.
While it is generally profitable to reduce costs where possible in this department, that is not the
case with the bottleneck operation, which should be fully supported at all times. The production
team aims to optimize production efficiency to meet customer demand while minimizing
production costs and lead times.
Head of the department: Mr. Samson and Mr. Ravi
No. of Employees: 08

CUTTING DEPARTMENT:

The cutting department in the furniture industry is a critical component of the furniture
manufacturing process. This department is responsible for accurately and efficiently cutting
raw materials, such as wood, metal, fabric, foam, or other materials, according to the
specifications and designs required for furniture production. The cutting department receives
the raw materials needed for furniture production and prepares them for cutting. This may
involve sorting, measuring, and organizing materials to ensure a smooth cutting process.
The cutting team must ensure precise cutting to achieve the desired dimensions and
shapes of furniture components. Accurate cutting is essential to maintain the quality and

11
integrity of the final product. The cutting team must ensure precise cutting to achieve the
desired dimensions and shapes of furniture components. Accurate cutting is essential to
maintain the quality and integrity of the final product.

Head of the department: Mr. Santhosh

No. of Employees: 20

PURCHASE DEPARTMENT:

The purchase department in the furniture industry is responsible for managing the
procurement process, sourcing raw materials, and acquiring finished products from suppliers.
This department plays a critical role in ensuring the smooth functioning of the furniture
manufacturing and retail operations. The purchase department reviews the purchase order and
selects the best vendor. The purchasing staff completes a pre-numbered purchase order. Copies
of the purchase order are sent to the originator, the receiving department, and the accounts
payable department; the purchasing department retains the original purchase order. The
purchase order includes information on the originator, the item, quantity, possibly an item code
number from a vendor catalogue, and the cost. The purchase order is sent to the vendor. Upon
fulfilment of the order, the vendor sends an invoice to the buyer’s accounts payable department.
An invoice contains the names and addresses of the buyer and the vendor, cost, item, quantity,
date, and method of shipment. The department assesses and mitigates risks associated with
procurement, such as supply chain disruptions, quality issues, and fluctuations in raw material
prices.
Head of the department: Mr. Prathish
No. of Employees: 06
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SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT:

The department of a company that is responsible for selling its products is known as
the sales department. The sales department consists of a set of business activities and processes
that help a sales organization run effectively, efficiently and in support of business strategies
and objectives. The sales department generally includes sales, sales support or business
operations. Although the basic mission of a sales department is to organize data and generate
deep customer insight in order to enhance sales force productivity and effectiveness, the
practical roles within a sales department vary widely. Basically, the teams can choose to offer
varying levels of service depending on sales organizations sophistication.

The marketing department is responsible for defining and promoting the brand identity
of the furniture company. This includes developing a unique brand image, value proposition,
and positioning in the market. When introducing new furniture products or collections, the
marketing team plans and executes product launch strategies to create buzz and excitement
around the offerings. Managing the company's public image is vital, and the marketing
department handles media relations and public relations activities to build positive brand
perception.

Head of the department: Mr. Anand and Mr. Dinup

No. of Employees: 09

ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT:

An accounting department provides accounting services and financial support to the

organization it belongs to. The department records accounts payable and receivable, inventory,
payroll, fixed assets and all other financial elements. The department's accountants review the
records of each department to determine the company's financial position and any changes
required to run the organization cost-effectively. An accounting department provides
accounting services and manages the finances of a company. Its responsibilities include
recording accounts, paying bills, billing clients and customers, tracking assets and
expenditures, managing payroll and keeping track of critical tax documents.
The accounts payable section of an accounting department records goods and services
that it receives and the payments it owes, such as inventory from a supplier or other expenses.

13
The department records each account payable as a liability and accounts receivable as assets.
Assets such as revenue and customers’ obligations pay for goods and services. There is no
separate department for sales. According to the customer’s order they will produce the product
and deliver it to them. The purchase department's effectiveness directly impacts the overall
production process, product quality, and cost efficiency of the furniture industry. Collaboration
with other departments, such as manufacturing, quality control, and sales, is crucial for the
successful functioning of the furniture company.

Head of the department: Mr. Prathish

No. of Employees: 05

QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT:

The quality control department in the furniture industry is responsible for ensuring that
all furniture products meet the required quality standards before they are delivered to customers
or made available for sale. This department plays a crucial role in maintaining the reputation
of the furniture company and ensuring customer satisfaction. The department establishes and
enforces quality control standards and procedures that align with industry best practices and
regulatory requirements. The quality control department collaborates with other departments,
such as production, design, and purchase, to ensure that quality standards are understood and
adhered to throughout the manufacturing and supply chain processes. By maintaining stringent
quality control measures, the quality control department contributes to the overall success of
the furniture company, enhances customer satisfaction, and builds trust in the brand's products.

Head of the department: Mr. Ravi

No. of Employees: 07

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PACKING DEPARTMENT:
The packing department plays a crucial role in the furniture manufacturing industry,
ensuring that the products are carefully and efficiently prepared for shipping and distribution.
Once the furniture pieces have been crafted and inspected, they are brought to the packing
department for the final stages before reaching customers. The department's primary
responsibilities include selecting appropriate packaging materials such as cardboard boxes,
bubble wrap, and protective foams to safeguard the furniture during transit. Skilled workers
precisely wrap and cushion each item to prevent any damage during handling and
transportation. They also ensure that all necessary assembly instructions, hardware, and
accessories are included in the packaging. The packing department's attention to detail and
quality control is essential in maintaining customer satisfaction by delivering furniture in
original condition. Moreover, the department's efficiency directly impacts the overall supply
chain, helping to restructure logistics and minimize shipping-related delays.

Head of the department: Mr. Mokkai Raja

No. of Employees: 13

TYPES OF FURNITURE:
The furniture industry is a dynamic and creative sector that produces a wide range of
furniture types, each catering to distinct needs, preferences, and spaces. From residential to
commercial settings, the industry's diversity is reflected in its products, which combine
functionality, aesthetics, and innovation. In the realm of residential furniture, the industry offers
an assortment of essential pieces. Sofas and couches provide comfort and style in living rooms,
while dining tables and chairs create spaces for meals and gatherings. Bedroom furniture
includes beds, wardrobes, and dressers, ensuring functional and cozy sleeping quarters.

15
Customizable options abound, allowing individuals to tailor furniture to their unique
preferences, from materials to designs.
Office furniture forms another pivotal segment. Ergonomic chairs and adjustable desks
prioritize comfort and productivity in work environments. File cabinets and storage units
contribute to organized spaces, while conference tables and presentation furniture facilitate
effective communication. The evolving nature of modern workplaces drives innovation in this
sector, as collaborative furniture designs and flexible arrangements gain prominence.
The hospitality industry relies heavily on specialized furniture to create inviting and
functional spaces. Hotel room furnishings combine comfort with durability, offering guests a
welcoming retreat. Restaurant furniture ranges from elegant seating to versatile tables,
enhancing dining experiences. Lobby and lounge furniture contribute to the overall ambiance
of hospitality establishments, reflecting their brand and style.
Educational furniture is tailored to the needs of students and educators. Classroom
desks and chairs are designed for comfort and interaction, while library furniture promotes
focused study and research. Educational institutions also require furniture solutions for
laboratories, lecture halls, and communal areas, accommodating diverse learning
environments.
Retail and commercial spaces utilize furniture to organize products and create appealing
displays. Shelving units, display racks, and checkout counters enhance the shopping
experience, influencing consumer behaviour and brand perception. Effective retail furniture
design optimizes space utilization and encourages customer engagement.
Outdoor furniture meets the demands of outdoor living and recreation. Patio sets,
lounge chairs, and garden benches offer comfort and relaxation in outdoor spaces. Picnic tables
and outdoor dining sets cater to communal gatherings and al fresco dining. Manufacturers
consider weather resistance and durability when producing outdoor furniture, ensuring
longevity despite varying climatic conditions.

In response to urbanization and space constraints, modular and space-saving furniture

has gained prominence. Innovative designs include sofa beds, wall-mounted tables, and
convertible furniture that seamlessly transitions between different functions, making them
particularly valuable in compact living spaces. Furthermore, sustainability has become a
driving force in the furniture industry. Eco-friendly materials, reclaimed wood, and recycled
components are utilized to create environmentally conscious furniture options. Manufacturers

16
are adopting sustainable production practices, reducing waste and minimizing the industry's
ecological footprint.

TYPES OF WOODS USED:

There are numerous types of wood used in making furniture, each with its unique
characteristics, appearance, and suitability for different purposes. Here are some of the most
commonly used types of wood in furniture-making:

1. Oak: Oak is a durable and sturdy hardwood that comes in two main varieties: red oak and
white oak. It is known for its prominent grain patterns and can be stained in various colours.
2. Walnut: Walnut is a dark hardwood with a rich, deep colour and a straight grain. It is prized
for its beauty and is often used for high-quality, luxurious furniture.
3. Maple: Maple is a strong and hard wood with a light, uniform appearance. It can be stained
to mimic other wood types and is commonly used for kitchen furniture and cabinets.
4. Cherry: Cherry wood has a warm, reddish-brown colour that darkens over time due to
exposure to light. It has a smooth grain and is a popular choice for elegant and traditional
furniture.
5. Mahogany: Mahogany is a reddish-brown hardwood known for its straight grain and fine
texture. It is often used in high-end furniture due to its luxurious appearance.
6. Pine: Pine is a softwood with a light colour and natural knots. It is commonly used for rustic
or country-style furniture and is more affordable compared to hardwoods.
7. Ash: Ash is a light-coloured hardwood with a distinct grain pattern. It is relatively strong
and flexible, making it suitable for furniture with curved designs.
8. Birch: Birch is a light- coloured hardwood with a fine grain. It is often used for contemporary
furniture and plywood.
9. Teak: Teak is a tropical hardwood known for its exceptional durability and resistance to
decay. It is commonly used for outdoor furniture.
10. Cedar: Cedar is a softwood with a natural resistance to insects and decay. It is often used
for outdoor furniture and storage chests.
11. Beech: Beech is a pale-coloured hardwood with a straight grain. It is commonly used for
chairs, stools, and other light furniture.
12. Rosewood: Rosewood is a dense and dark-coloured hardwood with a distinct fragrance. It
is prized for its beauty and is often used in high-end, intricate furniture pieces.

17
 These are just a few examples, and there are many other types of wood used in furniture-
making, each offering its own unique characteristics and applications. The choice of wood
depends on factors such as the desired appearance, durability, budget, and intended use of the
furniture.
The most commonly used wood in Newmen furniture are Mahogany, Birch, Maple,
Teak and Rosewood.

TREATMENT OF WASTE:
Under this firm, the production takes various stages. Certain amount of loss occurs in
various stages of production. There is always some waste and sap-wood. The wastes are sold
as fire wood and dust.

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 CHAPTER 4
SUMMARY OF WORK DONE

The following are the details of the work done during 24 days of internship
training from May 08 2023 to June 21 2023.

1. 08-May-2023 Visited the company and observed the different types of

Departments and Goods they purchase and sell.

2. 09-May-2023 Observed the various departments operated in the

company. Just noticed the work done in the respective
departments.
3. 10-May-2023 Arranged the files according to the order (Purchase and
Sales Bill)
4. 11-May-2023 Visited the Accounts departments and observed the type of
accounting process done in the company.

5. 12-May-2023 Learned how to create a sales bill and learned to create E-

way bill for transportation of goods worth over 1 lakh.
6. 13-May-2023 The staffs taught creating purchase bill entry in tally prime
and was asked to create a real time bill to the company.
7. 26-May-2023 Visited and observed the Manufacturing unit.

8. 27-May-2023 Learnt about the production department.

9. 29-May-2023 The design team taught the creation of various design

plans for future.

10. 30-May-2023 Learnt about the import of raw materials.

11. 31-May-2023 Learnt about the tools used in ripping process.

12. 01-June-2023 Observed fitting and dismantling of furniture to be kept in

the display.

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13. 02-June-2023 Worked in Accounts department in the manufacturing
unit.
14. 03-June-2023 Observed the work done in polish department.

15. 05-June-2023 Observed the work done in maintenance department.

16. 06-June-2023 Observed the cost of raw materials procured.

17. 07-June-2023 Observed the line of work done completely for the day.

18. 10-June-2023 Learned E-way bill creation for export of goods.

19. 12-June-2023 Prepared E-way bills for the transports which transported
goods worth more than 1 lakh.
20. 16-June-2023 Learned about purchase, sales and book-keeping of the
company records.
21. 17-June-2023 Visited the warehouse of the company.

22. 19-June-2023 Learned the order of products arranged in the warehouse.

23. 20-June-2023 Learned about the staffs and employee’s salary details and
general information of the company.
24. 21-June-2023 Worked in the Accounts department.

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 CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

In summary, the furniture manufacturing industry plays a crucial role in providing

essential products for homes, offices, and various commercial spaces. It includes the design,
production, and distribution of furniture items that provide to diverse customer needs and
preferences. The industry has witnessed significant growth over the years, driven by factors
such as increasing urbanization, evolving consumer lifestyles, and advancements in
technology. Furniture manufacturers utilize a wide range of materials, from wood and metal to
plastic and fabric, to create attractive, pleasing and functional pieces. They employ skilled
craftsmen, designers, and engineers who collaborate to develop innovative designs that meet
both practical and attractive requirements.
Additionally, manufacturers are increasingly adopting sustainable practices,
incorporating eco-friendly materials, and implementing efficient production processes to
0reduce environmental impact. The furniture manufacturing industry operates within a
competitive landscape, with numerous local and global players competing for market share. To
stay ahead, manufacturers must continually adapt to changing market trends, invest in research
and development, and provide high-quality products at competitive prices. This requires
efficient supply chain management, effective marketing strategies, and a customer-centric
approach. The industry also faces challenges such as fluctuating raw material prices, labour
shortages, and evolving consumer preferences. However, it presents opportunities for growth,
particularly with the rise of e-commerce platforms and the increasing demand for customizable
and personalized furniture solutions.
Overall, the furniture manufacturing industry remains an integral part of the global
economy, contributing to job creation, economic development, and the creation of functional
and visually appealing spaces. By embracing innovation, sustainability, and customer-
centricity, furniture manufacturers can continue to thrive in a dynamic and ever-evolving
market.

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