Probability

r.Yasser Elsayed
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3) June 2012 V1

21 In this question, give all your answers as fractions.

A box contains 3 red pencils, 2 blue pencils and 4 green pencils.

Raj chooses 2 pencils at random, without replacement.

Calculate the probability that

(a) they are both red,

Answer(a) [2]

(b) they are both the same colour,

Answer(b) [3]

(c) exactly one of the two pencils is green.

Answer(c) [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 301
4) June 2013 V3

2 The Ocean View Hotel has 300 rooms numbered from 100 to 399.
A room is chosen at random.

Find the probability that the room number ends in zero.

Answer ............................................... [2]

5) June 2013 V3
12 Two spinners have sections numbered from 1 to 5.
Each is spun once and each number is equally likely.
The possibility diagram is shown below.

4 1
Second
3 2
spinner
5

1 2
3
4
2
3
5

1 4

1 2 3 4 5
First spinner

Find the probability that

(a) both spinners show the same number,

Answer(a) ............................................... [2]

(b) the sum of the numbers shown on the two spinners is 7.

r.Yasser Elsayed
Answer(b) ............................................... [2]

002 012 013 222 97 302

6) November 2013 V1

6
S P A C E S
One of the 6 letters is taken at random.

(a) Write down the probability that the letter is S.

Answer(a) ............................................... [1]

(b) The letter is replaced and again a letter is taken at random.

This is repeated 600 times.

How many times would you expect the letter to be S?

Answer(b) ............................................... [1]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 303
7) November 2014 V1

18 If it rains today the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.4 .

If it does not rain today the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.2 .
On Sunday it rained.

(a) Complete the tree diagram for Monday and Tuesday.

Monday Tuesday

Rain
0.4

Rain

0.4 0.6
No rain

Rain
........
........
No rain

........ No rain
[2]

(b) Find the probability that it rains on at least one of the two days shown in the tree diagram.

Answer(b) ................................................ [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 304
8) June 2015 V1

5 Paul and Sammy take part in a race.

9
The probability that Paul wins the race is 35 .
The probability that Sammy wins the race is 26%.

Who is more likely to win the race?

Give a reason for your answer.

Answer ........................... because .............................................................................................................. [2]

9) June 2015 V2

5 A biased 4-sided dice is rolled.

The possible scores are 1, 2, 3 or 4.
The probability of rolling a 1, 3 or 4 is shown in the table.

Score 1 2 3 4

Probability 0.15 0.3 0.35

Complete the table. [2]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 305
10) November 2015 V1

20 The table shows the probability that a person has blue, brown or green eyes.

Eye colour Blue Brown Green

Probability 0.4 0.5 0.1

Use the table to work out the probability that two people, chosen at random,

(a) have blue eyes,

Answer(a) ................................................ [2]

(b) have different coloured eyes.

Answer(b) ................................................ [4]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 306
11) November 2015 V2

23 A box contains 6 red pencils and 8 blue pencils.

A pencil is chosen at random and not replaced.
A second pencil is then chosen at random.

(a) Complete the tree diagram.

First pencil Second pencil

Red
.......

Red
6
14 8
13 Blue
Red
.......

....... Blue

....... Blue

[2]

(b) Calculate the probability that

(i) both pencils are red,

Answer(b)(i) ................................................. [2]

(ii) at least one of the pencils is red.

Answer(b)(ii) ................................................. [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 307
12) November 2015 V3

4 The probability that it will rain on any day is 15.

Calculate an estimate of the number of days it will rain in a month with 30 days.

Answer ................................................ [1]

13) November 2015 V3

18 Samira takes part in two charity runs.

The probability that she finishes each run is 0.8 .

First run Second run

0.8 finishes
finishes
0.8
0.2 does not
finish

0.2 0.8 finishes

does not
finish
0.2 does not
finish

Find the probability that Samira finishes at least one run.

Answer ................................................ [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 308
14) March 2016 V2

21 Dan either walks or cycles to school.

The probability that he cycles to school is 13 .

(a) Write down the probability that Dan walks to school.

................................................... [1]

(b) When Dan cycles to school the probability that he is late is 18 .

When Dan walks to school the probability that he is late is 38 .

Complete the tree diagram.

1 Late
8

Cycles
1
3
.......... Not late

3 Late
8

.......... Walks

.......... Not late

[2]

(c) Calculate the probability that

(i) Dan cycles to school and is late,

................................................... [2]

(ii) Dan is not late.

................................................... [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 309
15) June 2016 V1

19 The probability of a cricket team winning or losing in their first two matches is shown in the tree diagram.

First match Second match

3 win
4

1 win
3 1 lose
4

3 win
4
2
3 lose
1 lose
4

Find the probability that the cricket team wins at least one match.

................................................... [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 310
16) June 2016 V3

11 Hattie has a box of coloured pens.

She takes a pen at random from the box.
The probability that she takes a red pen is 0.4 .

(a) Work out the probability that she does not take a red pen.

.................................................. [1]

(b) The box contains only blue, red and green pens.
There are 15 blue pens and 15 green pens.

Complete the table.

Colour of pen Blue Red Green

Number of pens 15 15
Probability 0.4
[2]

17) June 2017 V1

8 Simon has two boxes of cards.

In one box, each card has one shape drawn on it that is either a triangle or a square.
In the other box, each card is coloured either red or blue.

Simon picks a card from each box at random.

The probability of picking a triangle card is t.
The probability of picking a red card is r.

Complete the table for the cards that Simon picks, writing each probability in terms of r and t.

Event Probability

Triangle and red

Square and red (1 - t) r

Triangle and blue

Square and blue

[3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 311
23) June 2017 V3

20 The diagram shows a fair spinner.

6 3

4 3

Anna spins it twice and adds the scores.

(a) Complete the table for the total scores.

Score on first spin

1 3 3 4 6

1 2 4 4 5 7

3 4 6 6 7 9
Score on
3 4 6 6 7 9
second spin
4

6
[1]

(b) Write down the most likely total score.

.............................................. [1]

(c) Find the probability that Anna scores

(i) a total less than 6,

.............................................. [2]

(ii) a total of 3.

.............................................. [1]
r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 312
24) June 2017 V3

2
6 The probability that Pedro scores a goal in any match is .
5
Calculate the probability that Pedro scores a goal in each of the next two matches.

................................................... [2]

25) June 2018 V1

20 (a) A box contains 3 blue pens, 4 red pens and 8 green pens only.
A pen is chosen at random from the box.

Find the probability that this pen is green.

.............................................. [1]

(b) Another box contains 7 black pens and 8 orange pens only.
Two pens are chosen at random from this box without replacement.

Calculate the probability that at least one orange pen is chosen.

.............................................. [3]

r.Yasser Elsayed
002 012 013 222 97 313