CS2405 COMPUTER GRAPHICS LABORATORY L T P C

1. Implementation of Bresenhams Algorithm – Line, Circle, Ellipse.

2. Implementation of Line, Circle and ellipse Attributes.
3. Two Dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shear.
4. Composite 2D Transformations.
5. Cohen Sutherland 2D line clipping and Windowing
6. Sutherland – Hodgeman Polygon clipping Algorithm.
7. Three dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling.
8. Composite 3D transformations.
9. Drawing three dimensional objects and Scenes.
10. Generating Fractal images.
1. Implementation of Bresenhams Algorithm – Line, Circle, Ellipse.
1. A. Line Algorithm
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int dx,dy,x,y,p,x1,x2,y1,y2;
int gd,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\n Enter the coordinates of first point:");
scanf("%d %d",&x1,&y1);
printf("\n Enter the coordinates of second point:");
scanf("%d %d",&x2,&y2);
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
p=2*(dy)-(dx);
x=x1;
y=y1;
detectgraph(&gd,&gm);
initgraph(&gd,&gm," ");
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
while(x<=x2)
{
if(p<0)
{
x=x+1;
y=y;
p=p+2*dy;
}
else
{
x=x+1;
y=y+1;
p=p+2*(dy-dx);
}
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
1. B. Circle Algorithm:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<graphics.h>

void main()

int gd=DETECT,gm;

int r,x,y,p,xc=320,yc=240;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");

printf("\n Enter the radius:");

scanf("%d",&r);

x=0;

y=r;

putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,1);

p=3-(2*r);

for(x=0;x<=y;x++)

if(p<0)

y=y;

p=p+(4*x)+6;

else

y=y-1;

p=p+((4*(x-y)+10));

putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,1);
 putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,2);

putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,3);

putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,4);

putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,5);

putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,6);

putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,7);

putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,8);

getch();

closegraph();

}
1. C. Ellipse Algorithm

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<graphics.h>

#include<math.h>

void main()

long d1,d2;

int i,gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;

long rx,ry,rxsq,rysq,tworxsq,tworysq,dx,dy;

printf("\nEnter x,y Radius:");

scanf("%d %d",&rx,&ry);

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");

rxsq=rx*rx;

rysq=ry*ry;

tworxsq=2*rxsq;

tworysq=2*rysq;

x=0;

y=ry;

d1=rysq-rxsq*ry+(0.25*rxsq);

dx=tworysq*x;

dy=tworxsq*y;

do

putpixel(200+x,200+y,15);

putpixel(200-x,200-y,15);

putpixel(200+x,200-y,15);

putpixel(200-x,200+y,15);
if(d1<0)

x=x+1;

y=y;

dx=dx+tworysq;

d1=d1+dx+rysq;

else

x=x+1;

y=y-1;

dx=dx+tworysq;

dy=dy-tworxsq;

d1=d1+dx-dy+rysq;

while(dx<dy);

d2=rysq*(x+0.5)*(x+.5)+rxsq*(y-1)*(y-1)-rxsq*rysq;

do

putpixel(200+x,200+y,15);

putpixel(200-x,200-y,15);

putpixel(200+x,200-y,15);

putpixel(200-x,200+y,15);

if(d2>0)

x=x;
y=y-1;

dy=dy-tworxsq;

d2=d2-dy+rxsq;

else

x=x+1;

y=y-1;

dy=dy-tworxsq;

dx=dx+tworysq;

d2=d2+dx-dy+rxsq;

}while(y>0);

getch();

closegraph();

}
 2. Implementation of Line, Circle and ellipse Attributes.
#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<graphics.h>

#include<string.h>

void main()

char ch='y';

int gd=DETECT,gm,x1,y1,x2,y2,rad,sa,ea,xrad,yrad,i;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");

while(ch=='y')

cleardevice();

setbkcolor(9);

outtextxy(100,130,"Enter Your Choice:");

outtextxy(100,150,"1.Line");

outtextxy(100,170,"2.Circle");

outtextxy(100,190,"3.Square");

outtextxy(100,210,"4.Arc");

outtextxy(100,230,"5.Ellipse");

outtextxy(100,250,"6.Rectangle");

outtextxy(100,270,"7.Exit");

ch=getch();

cleardevice();

switch(ch)

case 1:

line(100,200,300,400);
 break;

case 2:

circle(200,200,100);

break;

case 3:

setfillstyle(5,4);

bar(100,300,200,400);

break;

case 4:

setfillstyle(5,4);

arc(200,200,100,300,100);

break;

case 5:

setfillstyle(5,4);

fillellipse(100,100,50,100);

break;

case 6:

settextstyle(DEFAULT_FONT,0,2);

outtextxy(120,140,"BIE");

line(100,100,100,300);

line(300,300,100,300);

line(100,100,300,100);

line(300,100,300,300);

break;

case 7:

closegraph();

return;

}
ch='y';

getch();

}
 3. Two Dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shear.
#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<graphics.h>

#include<math.h>

void translate();

void scale();

void rotate();

void main()

int ch,gd=DETECT,gm;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");

do{

setbkcolor(2);

setcolor(9);

rectangle(100,150,150,100);

printf("Menu:\n1.Translate \n2.Scale \n3.Rotate\n4. Exit\nUr Choice? \n");

scanf("%d",&ch);

cleardevice();

switch(ch)

case 1:

translate();

break;

case 2:

scale();

break;

case 3:
 rotate();

break;

case 4:

break;

}while(ch!=4);

getch();

closegraph();

void translate()

int tx,ty;

setcolor(2);

printf("\nEnter tx & ty:");

scanf("%d %d",&tx,&ty);

cleardevice();

rectangle(100,150,150,100);

printf("\n After Translation");

rectangle(100+tx,150+ty,150+tx,100+ty);

void scale()

int sx,sy;

setcolor(2);

printf("\nEnter sx,sy:");

scanf("%d %d", &sx,&sy);

 cleardevice();

rectangle(100,150,150,100);

printf("\nAfter Scaling:");

rectangle(100*sx,150*sy,150*sx,100*sy);

void rotate()

float theta;

int x1,x2,x3,x4,y1,y2,y3,y4;

int ax1,ax2,ax3,ax4,ay1,ay2,ay3,ay4,refx,refy;

printf("\nEnter the Angle for Rotation:");

scanf("%f",&theta);

theta=theta*(3.14/180);

cleardevice();

setcolor(2);

refx=100;refy=100;

x1=100;y1=100;

x2=150;

y2=100;

x3=150;

y3=150;

x4=100;

y4=150;

ax1=refy+(x1-refx)*cos(theta)-(y1-refy)*sin(theta);

ay1=refy+(x1-refx)*sin(theta)+(y1-refy)*cos(theta);

ax2=refy+(x2-refx)*cos(theta)-(y2-refy)*sin(theta);

ay2=refy+(x2-refx)*sin(theta)+(y2-refy)*cos(theta);
ax3=refy+(x3-refx)*cos(theta)-(y3-refy)*sin(theta);

ay3=refy+(x3-refx)*sin(theta)+(y3-refy)*cos(theta);

ax4=refy+(x4-refx)*cos(theta)-(y4-refy)*sin(theta);

ay4=refy+(x4-refx)*sin(theta)+(y4-refy)*cos(theta);

rectangle(100,150,150,100);

line(ax1,ay1,ax2,ay2);

line(ax2,ay2,ax3,ay3);

line(ax3,ay3,ax4,ay4);

line(ax4,ay4,ax1,ay1);

}
4. Composite 2D Transformations.
5. Cohen Sutherland 2D line clipping and Windowing
6. Sutherland – Hodgeman Polygon clipping Algorithm.
7. Three dimensional transformations - Translation, Rotation, Scaling.
8. Composite 3D transformations.
9. Drawing three dimensional objects and Scenes.
10. Generating Fractal images.