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Transaction Recovery

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25 views

Transaction Recovery

Uploaded by

Raju
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transaction recovery :

Transaction recovery in distributed systems is the process of


restoring the system to a consistent state after a transaction fails
or aborts. The goal is to ensure that the system returns to a
consistent state, maintaining data integrity and consistency.

There are three main techniques for transaction recovery in


distributed systems:

1. *Rollback Recovery*: Undo the changes made by the


transaction, restoring the system to its previous state.
2. *Rollforward Recovery*: Redo the transaction from the point of
failure, using logged information to recreate the transaction's
effects.
3. *Compensating Transactions*: Execute a new transaction that
compensates for the effects of the failed transaction, restoring
the system to a consistent state.

Challenges in distributed systems include:

- *Partial failures*: Only some nodes or processes may fail,


requiring selective recovery.
- *Network partitions*: Communication losses may require
recovery across node subsets.
- *Concurrent transactions*: Multiple transactions may need to
be recovered simultaneously.

To address these challenges, distributed systems use various


techniques, such as:

- *Logging and journaling*: Record transaction operations for


recovery purposes.
- *Checkpoints*: Periodically save the system state to facilitate
recovery.
- *Transaction managers*: Coordinate recovery across nodes
and processes.
- *Consensus protocols*: Ensure agreement among nodes on the
recovery process.

By employing these techniques, distributed systems can achieve


reliable transaction recovery, maintaining data consistency and
integrity even in the face of failures.

----------+--------
Shadow versions are a mechanism used in distributed systems to
manage concurrent updates to data items. A shadow version is a
temporary copy of a data item that is created when a transaction
attempts to modify it.

Here's how shadow versions work:

1. When a transaction wants to update a data item, it creates a


shadow version of the item.
2. The transaction makes changes to the shadow version, leaving
the original data item unchanged.
3. If the transaction commits, the shadow version becomes the
new official version of the data item.
4. If the transaction aborts, the shadow version is discarded, and
the original data item remains unchanged.

Shadow versions help to:

- Avoid conflicts between concurrent transactions


- Ensure consistency and isolation
- Allow for efficient rollback and recovery in case of transaction
failure
- Improve system performance by reducing the need for locks
and increasing concurrency

Shadow versions are used in various distributed systems,


including databases, file systems, and cloud storage systems.
They are an essential technique for managing concurrent
updates in distributed environments.

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