8.

18 Numbers & their Relations

Solutions
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

1. (a) Product of the numbers 14. (b) Required number = 3000 – maximum possible multiple
= HCF × LCM = 21 × 4641 of LCM of (7, 11 and 13)
= 21 × 3 × 7 × 13 × 17 = 3000 – 2(1001) = 998
= 3 × 7 × 3 × 7 × 13 × 17 15. (d) Required number = H.C.F of (127 – 55), (175 – 127) and
\ The required numbers can be (175 – 55)
3 × 7 × 13 and 3 × 7 × 17 = 273 and 357 = HCF of 72, 48 and 120 = 24
2. (b) Required no. = LCM of ( 8, 11, 24 ) –5 = 264 – 5 = 259 16. (c) Time gap between two consecutive ticks
3. (d) Suppose least no. be x
58 609
1856 - x = n ( LCM of 7,12,16) + 4 sec. and sec.
57 608
or 1856 – x = n (336) + 4
58 609
we should take n = 5 so that n(336) is nearest to 1856 \ Required time = LCM of and
and n (336)< 1856 57 608
1856 – x = 1680 + 4 = 1684 LCM of 58 and 609 1218
= = sec
x = 1856 – 1684 = 172 HCF of 57 and 608 19
4. (b) Required number 17. (c) Rate = HCF of 70 and 245 = 35
= H.C.F of (148 – 4), (246 – 6) and (623 – 11) 18. (d) LCM (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) = 60
= H.C.F of 144 , 240 and 612 = 12 \ Required number is of the form 60 k + 1
5. (b) L.C.M of 18, 24 & 32 = 288 Least value of k for which 60k + 1 is divisible by 7 is k=5
Hence they would chime after every 288 min. or 4 hrs \ Required number = 60 × 5 + 1= 301
48 min 19. (b) LCM of the numbers = 420.
6. (b) Largest size of the tile = H.C.F. of 378 cm and 525 cm = Hence there must be (420 × 2) + 2 = 842 beads.
21 cm. 20. (b) Required number = H.C. F of (410 – 7), (751 – 7) and
7. (b) LCM of 48, 72, 108 = 432 (1030 – 7)
The traffic lights will change simultaneously after 432 = H. C. F of 403, 744 and 1023 = 31
seconds or 7 min = in 12 secs. 21. (a) Time taken by them to complete the track
\ they will change simultaneously at 8 : 27 : 12 hrs. 11 11 11
8. (c) Let the numbers be 7x and 8x. = , , hrs
4 11/ 2 8
Þ Their HCF = x
11 11
Now, LCM × HCF = Product of Numbers = , 2, hrs
4 8
i.e. 280 ´ x = 56 x 2
æ 11 11 ö
or x = 5 Required time = LCM of ç , 2, ÷
Hence, the numbers are 35 and 40. è2 8ø
9. (d) Required number = HCF of 429 and 715 = 143 LCM of (11, 2, 11)
= = 22hrs
10. (b) Required number HCFof (2,1,8)
= HCF of (115 – 3), (149 –5) and (183 – 7) 22. (d) To find the capacity we have to take the HCF of 279,
= HCF of 112, 144 and 176 = 16 341 and 465.
11. (d) Required number = 3000 – LCM of 7, 11, 13 279 = 31 × 9 × 3
= 3000 – 1001 = 1999 341 = 31 × 11
12. (c) Let numbers be x and y. 465 = 31 × 3 × 5
Q Product of two numbers = their (LCM × HCF) Þ HCF (279, 341, 465) = 31
Þ xy = 630 × 9 Capacity of the measuring can be = 31 ml.
Also, x + y = 153 (given) 23 (c) His maximum daily wages must be the H.C.F. of 404.30
2
since x – y = = (x + y) - 4xy and 279.90 which is 31.10.
24. (c) Let the numbers be 37a and 37b. Then, 37a × 37b = 4107
Þ ab = 3.
Þ 2
x - y = (153) - 4(630 ´ 9)
Now, co-primes with product 3 are (1, 3).
= 23409 - 22680 = 729 = 27 So, the required numbers are (37 × 1, 37 × 3) i.e. (1, 111)
\ Greater number = 111.
13. (b) Required number = HCF of 108 and 144 = 36
Numbers & their Relations 8.19

25. (c) Let H.C.F. be h and L.C.M. be l. Then, l = 45h and l + h 34. (c) Size of the bag is the H.C.F. of the numbers 184, 230, 276
= 1150. which is 46.
\ 45h + h = 1150 or h = 25. So, l = (1150 – 25) = 1125 The number of bags
25 ´ 1125 ö
184 230 276
Hence, other number = æç ÷ = 225
= +
46 46
+
46
= 4 + 5 + 6 = 15
è 125 ø 35. (b) Let p, q, r and s be the four prime numbers, so that p ×
26. (b) Maximum capacity of each bottle can be found by taking q × r = 385 and q × r × s =1001
the H.C.F of the three given liquids. Þ q × r is the H.C.F. of 385 and 1001 which is 77.
Maximum capacity of each bottle = HCF of 403, 465 and \ s = 1001 ÷ 77 = 13
496 = 31 36. (c) Let the numbers be a and b. Then, a + b = 55 and
403 ab = 5 × 120 = 600.
Number of bottles for 403 l of petrol = =13 1 1 a + b 55 11
31 \ Required sum = + = = = .
a b ab 600 120
465 37. (a) Since 16 is not a factor of 136, it follows that there does
Number of bottles for 465 l of diesel = = 15 not exist any pair of numbers with H.C.F. 16 and L.C.M.
31
136.
496 38. (c) L.C.M. of 5, 6, 4 and 3 = 60. On dividing 2497 by 60, the
Number of bottles for 496 l of mobil oil = = 16 remainder is 37.
31
\ Number to be added = (60 – 37) = 23.
Hence, total number of bottles = 13 + 15 + 16 = 44
39. (c) First number = (50 × 2) = 100. Second number
27. (b) Required length = LCM of 100 cm and 85 cm
= 1700 cm = 17 m æ 50 ´ 250 ö
=ç ÷ = 125.
28. (b) Q Product of ‘n’ numbers = (HCF for each pair)n × LCM è 100 ø
of ‘n’ numbers 40. (c) Let the numbers be x and (2000 – x). Then, their L.C.M.
= (3)4 × 116 = 9396 = x(2000 – x).
29. (c) A makes 1 rev. per sec So, x(2000 – x) = 21879 Þx2 – 2000x + 21879 = 0
Þ (x –1989)(x – 11) = 0 Þx = 1989 or 11.
B makes 6 rev per sec Hence, the numbers are 1989 and 11.
10
41. (d) H.C.F. of two numbers divides their L.C.M. exactly. 8 is
4 not a factor of 60.
C makes rev. per sec
10 42. (d) Since H.C.F. is always a factor of L.C.M., we cannot
have three numbers with H.C.F. 35 and L.C.M. 120.
In other words A, B and C take 1 , 5 & 5 seconds to 43. (a) L.C.M. of 8, 16, 40 and 80 = 80.
3 2
complete one revolution. 7 70 13 65 31 62
= ; = ; = .
8 80 16 80 40 80
5 5 L.C.M. of 1,5,5
L.C.M of 1, & = =5 70 65 63 62 7 13 63 31
3 2 H.C.F. of 1,3,2 Since, > > > , so > > > .
80 80 80 80 8 16 80 40
Hence, after every 5 seconds the red spots on all the
7
three wheels touch the ground So, is the largest.
30. (d) HCF of 60, 84 and 108 is 12 so each room contain 12 8
44. (d) Least number of 5 digits is 10,000 L.C.M. of 12, 15 and
students at minimum 18 is 180.
So that each room contains students of only 1 subject On dividing 10000 by 180, the remainder is 100.
60 108 84 \ Required number = 10000 + (180 – 100) = 10080.
\ Number of rooms = + + = 21 rooms 45. (c) Greatest number of 4 digits is 9999. L.C.M. of 15, 25, 40
12 12 12
and 75 is 600.
31. (b) L.C.M. of 12, 18, 21, 30 = 2 × 3 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 5 = 1260
On dividing 9999 by 600, the remainder is 399.
\ Required number = (1260 ÷ 2) = 630.
\ Required number = (9999 – 399) = 9600.
32 (b) 13 m 53 cm = 1353 cm and 8 m 61 cm = 861 cm. 46. (b) Greatest number of 4 digits is 9999. L.C.M. of 4, 7 and 13
H.C.F. of 1353 and 861 is 123. is 364.
Now since minimum tiles are required for having the On dividing 9999 by 364, the remainder obtained is 171.
floor so area of the tile has to be the greatest so its size \ Greatest number of 4 digits divisible by 4, 7 and
is greatest which is 123 cm. 13 = (9999 – 171) = 9828.
\ the number of square tiles Hence, required number = (9828 + 3) = 9831
Area of the floor 1353 ´ 861 47. (c) Least number of 6 digits is 100000. L.C.M. of 4, 6, 10 and
= = = 77 15 = 60.
Area of the tile 123 ´ 123 On dividing 100000 by 60, the remainder obtained is 40.
33. (c) The number of boys and girls in each class is the H.C.F. \ Least number of 6 digits divisible by 4, 6, 10 and 15 =
of 391 and 323 which is 17. 100000 + (60 – 40) = 100020
391 323 \ N = (100020 + 2) = 100022.
Number of classes = + = 23 + 19 = 42 Sum of digits in N = (1 + 2 + 2) = 5.
17 17
8.20 Numbers & their Relations

48. (d) L.C.M. of 6, 9, 15 and 18 is 90. L.C.M = 2 ´ 2 ´ 2 ´ 5 ´ 3 ´ 3 ´ 7 = 2520

Let required number be 90k + 4, which is a multiple of 7. Required distance = 2520 ¸100 = 25 m 20 cm
Least value of k for which (90k + 4) is divisible by 7 is 57. (b) Since each rod must be cut into parts of equal length
k = 4. and each part must be as long as possible, so HCF
\ Required number = 90 × 4 + 4 = 364. should be taken.
49. (d) Let two numbers are 22x and 22y HCF of 78, 104, 117 and 169 = 13.
According to question
78
22x + 22y = 462 No. of parts from 78cm. rod = =6
13
462
x+y= = 21 104
22 No. of parts from 104 cm. rod = =8
Possible pairs of x, y; (1, 20), (2, 19), (3, 18), (4, 17), 13
(5, 16), (6, 15), (7, 14), (8, 13), (9, 12), (10, 11) 117
Similarly multiplying each pair of (x, y) No. of parts from 117 cm. rol = =9
13
we get 10 different numbers.
50. (c) 1.65m = 165 cm 169
No. of parts from 169 cm. rod = = 13 .
Required length = LCM of 25 and 165 13
= 825 cm = 8.25 m \ Maximum no. of pieces = 6 + 8 + 9 + 13 = 36
51. (b) Clearly while finding H.C.F. of 32 and 79 by division 58. (a) Required minimum distance = L.C.M of 40,42 and 45.
method, we get quotients 2, 2, 7 and 2.
32 79 2 2 40, 42, 45
64 2 20, 21, 45
15 32 2 2 10, 21, 45
30
2 15 7 5 5, 21, 45
14 3 1, 21, 9
1 2 2
2 3 1, 7, 3
× 7 1, 7, 1
52. (b) It is clear, X = 32, Y = 79
Thus, 78 is co-prime to 79. 1, 1, 1
53 (d) Let the LCM of all four numbers be x
L.C.M = 2 ´ 2 ´ 2 ´ 5 ´ 3 ´ 3 ´ 7 = 2520
x Required distance = 2520 ¸100
\ HCF of each possible pair =
210 = 25 m 20 cm
As we know, product of all 4 numbers = (HCF of each 59. (b) Time gap after which they will first hit the target is
possible pair)4 – 1 × LCM of all 4 numbers. given by LCM of 6, 7, 8, 9, 12.
4 -1
æ x ö x4 2 6, 7, 8, 9, 12
Þ 504210 = ç ´ x Þ 2 × 3 × 5 × 75 =
è 210 ÷ø (210) 3
3, 7, 4, 9, 6
3
Þ 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 5 × 23 × 33 × 53 × 73 = x4
Þ (2 × 3 × 5 × 72)4 = x4 Þ 2 × 3 × 5 × 72 = x 2 1, 7, 4, 3, 2
1470 1, 7, 2, 3, 1
\ LCM = 1470 \ HCF = =7
210 LCM = (12 × 42) sec.
54. (b) The ratio of the four numbers is 2 : 3 : 5 : 7. \ In 1 hr (= 3600 sec) no. of time they will hit together is
Choices (1) and (3) are rejected because the product of
all the four numbers does not have 13 or 9 as a factor. 3600 50 1
= = = 7 times
55. (b) [231 D (12 * 42)] * 49 = [{(3 × 7 × 11) D (2 × 3) * 72 12 ´ 42 7 7
= {(2 × 3 × 7 × 11) * 72) = 7 = 7 times in an hour.
56. (a) Required minimum distance = L.C.M of 40,42 and 45. 60 (b) LCM of 18, 24, 32
2 40, 42, 45 LCM of 9, 12, 16
LCM = 3 × 4 × 3 × 4
2 20, 21, 45
= 144 min
2 10, 21, 45
144 2
5 5, 21, 45 = = 2 hr
60 5
3 1, 21, 9 = 2 hrs 24 min
3 1, 7, 3 \ Bell will ring together again after 2 × (2 hrs 24 min)
7 1, 7, 1 = 4 hrs. 48 min
i.e., 12 : 48 hrs
1, 1, 1