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Probability

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Probability

aptitude pdf

Uploaded by

bibliophileonthesamepage
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Probability

Probability 1
Formulae
𝐅𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬
 P(A)= 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬
 P( not A)=1-P(A)
 P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)
 The probability of happening of an event E is a number P(E)
such that: 0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1
 Maximum value of probability is 1 or 100%.

Probability 2
Sample Space: Set of all possible outcomes

Probability 3
Deck of cards

Probability 4
Probability 5
Question
What is the probability of getting both heads when two coins are tossed
simultaneously?
a) 1/4
b) 1/3
c) 2/3
d) 1/2

Probability 6
Question
What is the probability of getting one head and one tail when
two coins are tossed simultaneously?
a) 1/4
b) 1/3
c) 2/3
d) 1/2

Probability 7
Question
Consider the experiment of rolling a die. Let A be the event ‘getting a prime
number’, B be the event ‘getting an odd number’. Write the sets representing
the events.
(i) A or B
(ii) A and B

Probability 8
Question
What is the probability is getting an even number when a dice is thrown
once?
a) 1/2
b) 1/3
c) 1/4
d) 1/6

Probability 9
Question
In a lottery, there are 10 prizes and 25 blanks. A lottery is drawn at random.
What is the probability of getting a prize?
a) 1/10
b) 2/5
c) 2/7
d) 5/7

Probability 10
Solution

Probability 11
Question
What is the probability of getting a sum 9 from two throws of a dice?
a) 1/6
b) 1/8
c) 1/9
d) 1/12

Probability 12
Solution

Probability 13
Question
Tickets numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up and then a ticket is drawn at
random. What is the probability that the ticket drawn has a number which is
a multiple of 3 or 5?
1
a) 2
2
b) 5
8
c) 15
9
d) 20

Probability 14
Solution

Probability 15
Question
A bag contains 4 white, 5 red and 6 blue balls. Three balls are drawn at
random from the bag. The probability that all of them are red, is:
2
a) 91
1
b) 22
3
c) 22
2
d) 77

Probability 16
Solution

Probability 17
Question
A bag contains 6 white and 4 black balls . 2 balls are drawn at random. Find
the probability that they are of same colour.
a) 1/2
b) 7/15
c) 8/15
d) 1/9

Probability 18
Solution

Probability 19
Question
In a class, there are 15 boys and 10 girls. Three students are selected at
random. The probability that 1 girl and 2 boys are selected, is:
21
a) 46
23
b) 46
41
c) 46
51
d) 46

Probability 20
Solution

Probability 21
Question
One card is drawn from a deck of 52 cards, well-shuffled. Calculate the
probability that the card will
(i) be an ace,
(ii) not be an ace.

Probability 22
Solution
Well-shuffling ensures equally likely outcomes.
(i) There are 4 aces in a deck.
Let E be the event the card drawn is ace.
The number of favourable outcomes to the event E = 4
The number of possible outcomes = 52
Therefore, P(E) = 4/52 = 1/13

(ii) Let F is the event of ‘card is not an ace’


Therefore, P(F) = 1-1/13 = 12/13

Probability 23
Question
1. Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the
probability that both are black?
2. Two cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the
probability that both are face cards?
3. From a pack of 52 cards, two cards are drawn together at random. What
is the probability of both the cards being kings?

Probability 24
Solution
26∗25
 Event of getting both black=26𝐶2 = = 325
2∗1
52∗51
 Total events= 52𝐶2 = = 1326
2∗1
26𝐶2 325
 Probability that both are black = = 1326
52𝐶2
12∗11
 Event of getting both face cards= 12𝐶2 = = 66
2∗1
12𝐶2 66
 Probability that both are face cards = 52 = 1326
𝐶2

 Event of getting both kings= 4𝐶2 =6


4𝐶2 6
 Probability of both the cards being kings = 52 =
𝐶2 1326

Probability 25
Question
Three unbiased coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at most
two heads?
a) 3/4
b) 1/4
c) 3/8
d) 7/8

Probability 26
Solution

Probability 27
Question
Two cards are drawn from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that either
both are red or both are kings is
7
a) 13
3
b) 26
63
c) 221
55
d) 221

Probability 28
Solution
Ans: d
P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)
P(both red or both kings)
26𝐶2 4𝐶2 2𝐶2
= 52𝐶2
+ 52𝐶2
− 52𝐶2
325 6 1 55
= 1326 + 1326 - 1326= 221

Probability 29
Question

Probability 30
Solution

Probability 31
Question

Probability 32
Solution

Probability 33
Question

Probability 34
Solution

Probability 35
Question

Probability 36
Solution

Probability 37
Thank You

Probability 38

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