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Computernetworks (21CS52)

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8 views

Computernetworks (21CS52)

Uploaded by

nhsanjana85
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Seminar on:
Mail access protocol

Under the guidance of


Mrs.Rashmi D M
Assistant Professor,
Dept of CSE
INTRODUCTION
Email protocol is a set of rules defined to ensure that emails can be exchanged between various
servers and email clients in a standard manner. This ensures that the email is universal and works
for all users.

Example:
A sender using an Apple email client with a Gmail server can send an email to another user using
a mail server on an Outlook email client. This is possible because the servers and the email
clients follow the rules and standards defined by the email protocols.
In the case of email, the sender, recipients, and servers involved can all be different but then
they need to receive the data, decipher the content and render it in the same way the sender
has sent it. Email protocols define how the email message has to be encoded, how it needs to
be sent, received, rendered, and so on, and hence they are essential. While email protocols
make the process behind emails a bit complex, the protocols ensure that email is a standard,
reliable, and universal mode of communication.
THE DIFFERENT EMAIL PROTOCOLS:
The common protocols for email delivery are
• Post Office Protocol (POP)
• Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).
Post Office Protocol (POP)
POP or Post Office Protocol enables us to access the emails in any email client of our choice.
POP performs one-way email retrieval and there is no sync between the email clients and
server. The user-agent at client's computer opens a TCP connection to the main server.

POP then progresses through three phases:


• During the authorization phase, the user agent sends a username and a password to
authenticate the user.
• During the transaction phase, the user agent retrieves messages; also during this
phase, the user agent can mark messages for deletion, remove deletion marks, and
obtain mail statistics.
• There are two responses:
i) +OK: used by the server to indicate that the previous command was fine.
ii) –ERR: used by the server to indicate that something is wrong
• The update phase occurs after the client has issued the quit command, ending the
POP3 session; at this time, the mail server deletes the messages that were marked for
deletion.
Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)

IMAP is another mail access protocol, which has more features than POP. An IMAP server will
associate each message with a folder. When a message first arrives at server, the message is
associated with recipient's INBOX folder.
Then, the recipient can
→ move the message into a new, user-created folder
→ read the message
→ delete the message and
→ search remote folders for messages matching specific criteria.
• An IMAP server maintains user state-information across IMAP sessions.
• IMAP permits a user-agent to obtain components of messages.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

SMTP is the most important protocol of the email system.

Three characteristics of SMTP (that differs from other applications):


1) Message body uses 7-bit ASCII code only.
2) Normally, no intermediate mail-servers used for sending mail.
3) Mail transmissions across multiple networks through mail relaying.
Here is how it works:
1. The sending server initiates a TCP connection to the receiving mail-server.
2. If the receiver's server is down, the sending server will try later.
3. If connection is established, the client & the server perform application-layer
handshaking.
4. Then, the client indicates the e-mail address of the sender and the recipient.
5. Finally, the client sends the message to the server over the same TCP
connection.
THANK YOU

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