9/15/2023

Outline
CSC 1113 • Course Introduction
Programming Techniques • Computer Programming
• Program Development
• Programming Languages
• Introduction to C

Mrs.T.D.Gilmini
Senior Lecturer
Department of Computer Science

Learning Outcome of Today’s Lesson Course Structure

• Understand the goals, structure, and • CSC1113 Programming Techniques
procedure for learning in CSC1113 – This course offers 3 credits
– Lectures 30 hours
– Practical 45 hours
• Evaluation Criteria
– 100% Final Examination (Practical Examination
30% and Theory Examination 70%)
– Student must obtain at least 35% from the theory
paper and 30% from the practical paper

Teaching Team Course Specific Learning Outcome

• Lecturers for Theory • The aim of this course is to describe the
– Fundamental programming concepts
– Mrs. T.D.Gilmini (20 hrs) – Basic Standard C facilities
– Mrs. M. A. L Kalyani (10 hrs) – Key useful programming techniques
• By the end of this lesson, the student will be able to
• Practical in charge – LO 1: Demonstrate basic problem solving skills: analyzing
• Ms. G.K. Mabula (45 hrs) problems, modeling a problem and creating algorithms.
– LO 2: Illustrate basic programming concepts such as
program flow and syntax of a high-level general purpose
language.
– LO 3: Demonstrate ability to work with primitive data
types, strings and arrays.
– LO 4: Use the programming environment to design, code,
compile, run and debug C based computer programs.

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Course Outline Programming

• Basic Programming concepts, Simple C program • Programming enable computers to follow the
structure
instructions given by humans(programmers)
• Keywords, Data types, Variables & operators
(arithmetic, relational, assessment and and develop solutions to problems like
conditional) humans
• I/O statements, Arrays, Passing variables, Multi – interact with machines and computers
dimensional arrays
– create intelligent machines, etc.
• Functions, Function prototypes, Recursion,
Control structures, Looping ( while, do while, for), – automate tasks
pointers, strings, Advanced data types,
structures, pointers to structures, File I/O

English language Vs C language Computer Program

• A set of instructions to a computer to perform
some task or handle data.
• It is an implementation of an algorithm with a
computer programming language.

Programming codes Steps in Program Development

• we write instructions or ‘codes’ as ‘computer • Problem Definition
programs’ in human understandable Language
• Problem Analysis
(similar to English) and get the assistance of kind of a
Translator called ‘compiler’ to covert them to • Algorithm Development
language understandable by computer/machine. • Coding & Documentation
• Testing & Debugging
• Maintenance

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Program Definition and Analysis 3. Algorithm Development

1. Problem Definition Define the problem • Algorithm: A sequence of unambiguous
statement and we decide the boundaries of the instructions for solving a computational problem,
problem i.e., for obtaining a required output for any
legitimate input in a finite amount of time
• Requirement
• Algorithms are independent from programming
• Output
languages
2. Problem Analysis Gather the required resources • An implementation of an algorithm is a
to solve the problem defined in the problem computer program
definition phase • An algorithm can be implemented in different
• Variables, functions, etc programming languages
• Determine the bounds • An algorithm can be flowchart or pseudo code.

Algorithm Development 4. Coding & Documentation

Pseudocode Flowchart • Coding - Uses a programming language to code
the algorithm and generate a computer program.
1. Start
– E.g.: - C , Java, Python
2. Total = 0
• Compile the Program - The complier will convert
3. Get a testscore the code to the machine language which the
4. Total = Total + testscore 5. computer can understand.
Go to step 3 to get next – syntax errors
testscore
• After successful compilation, executable program
6. Output the Total can be run/executed.
7. Stop – runtime errors
• Documentations….

5. Testing & Debugging 6. Maintenance

• Program testing and debugging refer to the • Software remains operational for an extended
tasks of detecting and removing errors in a period of time after initial implementation
program, so that the program produces the and requires regular maintenance to ensure
desired results on all occasions. that the software operates continually at peak
• Testing means verifying correct behavior. performance levels
– Test the program whether it is solving the
problem for various input data values or not • user encounters any problem or wants any
• Debugging is a cyclic activity involving enhancement → released patches
execution testing and code correction

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Introduction to C Creating C Program

• First C Program…..
• A High Level Computer Language
• In computing, C is a general-purpose programming
language
• Initially developed by Dennis M. Ritchie between 1969
and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs
• C is one of the most widely used programming • Write this on a Text File (Use Notepad if Windows, Use either vi or
languages of all time gedit if Linux) and save it as FileName.c
• FileName – Whatever a name you like to give for your program
– Operating Systems
E.g.: Test.c
– Language Compilers, Interpreters • Just writing down this is not adequate (enough). We need to…
– Assemblers 1. Compile
– Text Editors 2. Execute (Run)
– Modern Programs

Stages of a C compilation Process Preprocessing

• Preprocessing Tasks of preprocessor
• Modifies the source code (in memory) according
• Compiling to preprocessor directives embedded in source
• Assembly code.
E.g.: #define, #include, #ifdef
• Linking – expanding macros
• Loading – expanding included files
– removing comments
• The preprocessed output is stored in the
filename.i.

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Reference : How to install in Windows- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guM4XS43m4I