Scribd
Upload
16 views

(Lecture Note) Stages of The Writing Process

stages of the writing process for EFL

Uploaded by

Phuong Vu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

(Lecture Note) Stages of The Writing Process

stages of the writing process for EFL

Uploaded by

Phuong Vu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Stages of the Writing

Process
Stages of the Writing Process
There are several stages to the Writing Process.

◦Prewriting
◦Writing (Drafting)
◦Revising
◦Editing
Prewriting
Choose/narrow your topic
Determine your
◦ Audience
◦ Purpose
◦ Tone
◦ Point-of-view
◦ Tense
Explore your topic
Make a plan.
Choose/Narrow Your Topic
Your topic should pass the 3-question test:

1. Does it interest me?

2. Do I have something to say about it?

3. Is it specific?
Determine Your Audience
Your Audience is those people who will read
your writing.
Ask yourself:
◦Who are my readers?
◦What do my readers know about my topic?
◦What do my readers need to know about my
topic?
◦How do my readers feel about my topic?
Audience continued. . .
◦What do my readers expect?
◦ Standard Written English
◦ Correct grammar and spelling
◦ Accurate information
◦ Logical presentation of ideas
◦ Followed directions of the assignment!!!
◦ What are my length requirements?
◦ What is my time limit?
◦ What does the assignment consist of?
◦ Is research required?
◦ What format should be used?
Determine Your Purpose
Purpose is the reason you are writing.

Whenever you write, you always have a purpose. Most writing fits into one of 3

categories:

◦ Expressive Writing

◦ Informative Writing

◦ Persuasive Writing

More than one of these may be used, but one will be primary.
Determine Tone
Tone is the mood or attitude you adopt as you write.

◦Serious or humorous?

◦Friendly or unemotional?
Determine Point-of-View

Point-of-view is the perspective from which you write


an essay.
There are 3 points-of-view:
◦ First person—”I, we”
◦ Second person—”you”
◦ Third person—”he, she, they”
One of the most common errors in writing happens
when the writer shifts point-of-view unnecessarily!
Determine Tense

Tense is the voice you use to show the time of


the action or state of being.
◦Present tense
◦Past tense
◦Future tense
Explore Your Topic
Pre-writing Techniques:
◦Brainstorming/Listing
◦Free-writing
◦Clustering/Mapping
◦Questioning
◦Discussing
◦Outlining
Pre-Writing
Can take place in many forms:

Concept development/ Semantic mapping

Emphasis on oral academic language development

Journal/free writing

Think pair and share

Writing is about building upon background knowledge

We write what we know and what we can connect to.

Writing becomes easier when done in phases.


Make a Plan

Before you begin drafting your essay, you


should make a plan (a roadmap).
◦Review, evaluate, and organize ideas written in
your pre-writing; then make a plan for your
essay’s
◦ Thesis statement
◦ Support
◦ Order
◦ Structure
Thesis Statement

The thesis statement expresses the


MAIN IDEA of your essay, the central
point that your essay develops/supports.
Thesis continued. . .

Your thesis SHOULD:


◦Accurately predict your essay’s direction, emphasis,
and scope
◦Make no promises that the essay will not fulfill
◦Be direct and straightforward
◦NOT be an announcement, statement of opinion, or
statement of fact.
Support
Be sure to evaluate the information in your
prewriting carefully in order to choose the best
support for your topic.

◦Primary Support—major ideas or examples that back up


your main points

◦Secondary Support—details which further explain your


primary support
Support continued. . .
Basics of good support
◦Relates to main point
◦Considers readers, i.e. provides enough
information
◦Is detailed and specific
Order
The Order is the sequence in which you present your
ideas.
There are 3 types of order:
◦Time (chronological) order
◦Space order
◦Emphatic order (order of importance: least-to-most, most-
to-least)
Structure/Organization

Consider how your essay will be organized; then create an Outline.


Sample Outline of standard
5-paragraph essay:
A. Introduction
B. Body Paragraph 1
C. Body Paragraph 2
D. Body Paragraph 3
E. Conclusion

You might also like