UNIT – II:

Web hosting and managing multimedia content, Creating and maintaining a Wiki Site,
Presentation Software Part1, Presentation Software Part2, Screen casting Tools and
techniques, Multilingual content development.
Planning and developing dynamic web content sites, website design using CSS creating and
maintaining a Wiki Site, creating and managing a Blog site.
~ 14hrs

Introduction:

➢ What is web hosting?

Web hosting is a service that provides storage for the files that make up your
website and the software, physical hardware, and network infrastructure that
makes your website available to others on the internet.

Web hosting service providers offer a variety of hosting options, ranging from
expensive to inexpensive. The cost is essentially determined by the following:

• The amount of storage space and computing capacity allocated

specifically for your site.

• The degree to which your site shares computing resources with other sites
or is isolated from the impact of other sites sharing the same resources.

• The additional capabilities and services offered (e.g., number of email

inboxes with your domain name, blogging capabilities, etc.).

• The degree of control and flexibility you have (e.g., which operating
system (OS) and/or content management system (CMS) you can use,
support for special web applications, etc.).
 • The extent to which you manage your web site or have the service
provider manage it for you.

➢ Common hosting options

These are the three most common hosting options, ranging from least to most
expensive:

❖ Shared hosting
In shared hosting, the hosting provider hosts your website and several
others (co-tenants) on a single computer—you share the CPU, memory,
storage space, and the web server software (the software that delivers web
content to browsers that request it).

Because you’re sharing these resources with owners of other web sites, you pay
less for them. However, even though the single shared computer is usually very
powerful, unexpectedly high traffic to one of the hosted sites can rob the others
of resources and slow them down dramatically. Additionally, if one site is
victimized by a virus or security attack, the other sites on the server could be
vulnerable.

Shared hosting is a good choice for personal web sites, personal blogs, small
non-transactional business sites (e.g., a creative portfolio) or non-business sites.
For more information about shared hosting, see “What is Cloud Hosting?”

❖ Virtual private server (VPS) hosting or cloud-based VPS

In VPS hosting, your site gets its own dedicated virtual server. As with
shared hosting, you do share the hardware resources of a single computer
(in most cases), but you share them with far fewer co-tenants, and their
problems—security breaches, crashes —are much less likely to impact
your site.
With a VPS you typically have complete control over your OS, CMS, and other
software, which makes it a better choice for hosting custom web applications or
web-based software (Software-as-a-Service, or SaaS). As you might have
guessed, VPS is more expensive than shared hosting.

While VPS hosting shares resources among fewer websites, as each site grows
and attracts more traffic, they can strain the resources of a single computer. For
this reason, many hosting providers offer cloud-based VPS hosting, in which
each site shares the combined resources of multiple computers in a single data
center (or even in different geographical locations). This makes it easier to scale
computing power, storage capacity, and bandwidth as needed and provides
additional resiliency in the event of hardware problems or natural/man-made
disasters.

VPS or cloud-based VPS hosting is ideal for the majority of business web sites.

Learn more about virtual private server (VPS) hosting.

❖ Dedicated hosting
Dedicated hosting gives you exclusive access to your own web server
hardware. You get the same control over system and application software
that you get with a VPS, but because yours is the only site using the
hardware, your site runs faster. You are also completely immune to
performance or security issues on other web sites.

Dedicated hosting does have some drawbacks, however—it’s the most

expensive option because yours is the only site using the hardware. If you don’t
have the talent on staff to manage the server yourself, you’ll need to pay
additional fees for the provider to manage it for you. Dedicated hosting also
can’t scale on the fly because someone has to physically upgrade the server with
more RAM, storage, etc. when needed. As a result, dedicated hosting is
typically worthwhile only when performance and security considerations justify
the additional cost.

The term “bare metal servers” is sometimes used interchangeably with

“dedicated servers,” but bare metal servers typically add cloud-like benefits like
provisioning in minutes (vs. hours), billing in hourly increments (instead of
monthly billing), and higher-end hardware.

Multimedia content:

➢ What is multimedia content?

Multimedia content refers to the combination of various media elements, such
as text, images, audio, video, and interactive elements, to deliver information or
entertainment in a dynamic and engaging format. It encompasses a wide range
of digital content that combines different media types to enhance the user
experience and convey messages effectively.

➢ What are the benefits of multimedia content?

• Enhanced engagement: Multimedia content captivates and engages
audiences more effectively than traditional text-based content. The use
of visuals, audio, and interactive elements stimulates multiple senses,
making the content more memorable and impactful.
• Improved information retention: By presenting information through
multiple media formats, multimedia content facilitates better
information retention. Research shows that people tend to remember
more when information is delivered through a combination of visuals,
audio, and text, compared to text alone.
• Increased reach and accessibility: Multimedia content has broad
appeal and can reach a diverse audience. It accommodates different
 learning styles and preferences, making it accessible to individuals
with varying abilities and preferences. It allows you to communicate
your message effectively to a larger audience.
• Better communication of complex concepts: Some concepts or ideas
are challenging to explain solely through text. Multimedia content
provides a powerful means to simplify complex concepts through
visualizations, animations, and interactive elements, making them
more understandable and digestible for the audience.
• Higher conversion rates: Multimedia content has the potential to
drive higher conversion rates. Engaging visuals, compelling videos,
and interactive elements can capture users’ attention, increase their
interest in your products or services, and ultimately lead to higher
conversion and sales.

➢ What are some best practices for creating multimedia content?

1. Define your objectives: Clearly define the objectives and purpose of
your multimedia content. Determine whether you aim to educate,
entertain, or persuade your audience. Aligning your objectives will guide
the creative process and ensure your content effectively meets your goals.
2. Understand your target audience: Research and understand your target
audience’s preferences, interests, and needs. Tailor your multimedia
content to resonate with their tastes and communication preferences.
Consider factors such as age, demographics, and cultural background to
create content that appeals to your specific audience.
3. Maintain consistent branding: Ensure your multimedia content aligns
with your brand identity and messaging. Consistent branding elements,
such as color schemes, logos, and typography, help reinforce your brand
recognition and create a cohesive visual experience across different
media formats.
 4. Optimize for different devices: Create multimedia content that is
optimized for various devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and
mobile phones. Ensure that your content is responsive, visually appealing,
and functional across different screen sizes and resolutions.
5. Encourage interaction: Incorporate interactive elements within your
multimedia content to encourage audience engagement and participation.
This can include clickable links, quizzes, polls, or interactive videos that
allow users to make choices or explore further information.

Creating and maintaining Wiki Sites:

What is a wiki?

A wiki is an application that allows users to quickly and easily share

information. It's a collection of web pages that use simple language and
hyperlinks to navigate from one topic to another easily. Wikis are typically used
for internal collaborations but can also be used externally for public-facing
purposes.

Wikis are highly versatile and can be used for a variety of tasks. Picture it as a
go-to place where anyone can look up companywide details. It is like a
universal filing system containing all the necessary content that employees
should share. They're collaborative, easy to update and maintain, require
minimal setup time, and are secure - what more could you want from a digital
workspace?

Internal vs. External Wikis

Internal wikis are used by businesses to store and share sensitive information
within their organization. On the other hand, external wikis are used for public-
facing purposes and can be accessible by anyone.
Internal wikis are great for collaboration among team members, sharing
customer feedback, updating business documents, and more. They provide a
secure environment where all content can be organized in one central location -
what's not to love?

External wikis are perfect for providing information to the public, such as
product specifications or support information. They are also ideal for open-
source projects and large customer communities.

What can you store in a wiki?

Below is a list of what you can store in an internal wiki:

• Technical documentation (How-to guides, tutorials, etc.)

• Meeting notes & minutes
• Company policies & guidelines
• Project plans & timelines
• Reports & analysis
• Customer service resources (e.g. FAQs)
• Team contact information & organizational charts News & updates
• Best practices & procedures
• Employee handbooks
• Help desk resources

How to create a wiki?

1. Choose what type of wiki you want to create (internal or external).

2. Pick the platform you're going to use.
3. Set security protocols and community guidelines.
4. Start adding content - make sure to use simple language, visuals, and
hyperlinks.
 5. Assign roles and permissions for editing access.

1. Choose what type of wiki you want to create (internal or external).

If your goal is to share sensitive, internal information within your organization,

an internal wiki is what you should go with. But if you want to create a public-
facing wiki that anyone can access, an external wiki is what you need.

2. Pick the platform you're going to use.

There are many software's available for creating a wiki online. To make your
choice, consider whether you want an open-source or hosted solution and what
functionality you need.

If you’re a large, global company looking for open-source software, then you
might opt for MediaWiki, the collaboration and documentation platform
powering Wikipedia. But if you’re a smaller business or simply need less bells
and whistles, then you might prefer more basic software
like DokuWiki, WikiWikiWeb, or Google Sites.

If you’re looking for software that’s easy to use and manage, then you might opt
for a premium software like Tettra. With Tetra, you can connect other work
management tools like Slack, put users in charge of particular sections of the
wiki, and get enhanced search and analytics tools — all without coding. Even
those just getting started with website development can use this tool to set up a
wiki in no time.
3. Set security protocols and community guidelines.

There are two major things to consider when starting a wiki: security and
community. To ensure your wiki is secure, it’s recommended that you work
with your IT department to ensure that the content you post complies with
company policies and national laws.

The second step is setting up community guidelines. Since wikis could quickly
devolve into irrelevant or incorrect information or editing wars, you should also
lay down some ground rules. Are their certain style guidelines you want wiki
authors to follow? What’s the process for editing other people’s posts?
Appointing curators can help ensure that the right content is in the right place in
front of the right people.

4. Start adding content - use simple language, visuals, and hyperlinks.

Like any website, you want to structure your wiki in a way that’s easy for users
to understand and navigate. You can do so using categories, tags, and internal
links.
To start, make a list of the broadest topics your wiki will cover. Say your list is
training, culture, and product. Then each of these topics will be a category. You
can also use department names, like marketing, sales, product, and HR, as
categories. In the example below, the wiki post is found under Marketing >
Experiments.

In addition to categorizing your wiki posts, you can also add tags that will make
the posts easier to find in search and internal links so that readers are directed to
other relevant and useful content.

5. Assign roles and permissions for editing access.

Now that you’ve established rules of use and basic architecture, you can start
inviting people to add content to the wiki. To ensure that people don’t edit
content they shouldn’t be editing, you should assign roles and access levels.

For example, if you have a customer service department, customer service reps
can be given access to relevant pages only and people in the marketing team
might get more access. Once you’ve identified what type of roles and access
each person needs, you can assign them accordingly in the software.

Creating a wiki doesn’t have to be complicated, it just takes a bit of planning

and diligence. With the right software, security measures, community
guidelines, and regular maintenance, you can have a successful wiki in no time.

Ideally, creating a wiki will be a gradual, iterative process: you publish the most
essential and accurate information and get some feedback. Once you feel
comfortable with the information and structure, you can share the wiki with the
company.

Maintaining Wiki:
Hosting:
ACRL currently employs MediaWiki, an open source wiki platform, to host and
maintain its wikis. If a committee would like to use a wiki for internal business
or projects, there are a wide variety of free options to choose from.
Formatting:
All citations included on the site, in line with current Instruction Section
practice, will be formatted in Chicago Style B (Author-Date). For citation
examples, refer to:
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html
Include a Table of Contents for the site.

Create a formatting template, as they can be helpful for site editors and
contributors.
Additionally, establishing a consistent look and feel across pages can help
visitors navigate the site efficiently. The committee chair should keep the
template backed up in a location separate from the wiki.
Formatting guidelines could include: spacing, format of links, standardized page
divisions, citation format, and use of images. Basically, consider establishing
guidelines for any formatting requirement necessary to maintain consistent look
and feel across pages.

Updates:
Groups responsible for pages should establish an update schedule or timeline.
Links to external sites and files should be checked on a regular basis to make
sure they are up-to-date and should include a “last accessed” date next to each
link.

Encourage visitors to include change notes whenever they change a page in the
documentation for the wiki. Although the history function can be used to
compare versions of pages, it’s much easier for those who monitor pages if
notes are present.

IS Editors should always include comments.

Disputes:
Consider establishing a policy for dealing with editorial disputes between site
visitors and contributors. An example policy can be found at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution
(This policy is specific to Wikipedia and is included only to illustrate areas that
a group may want to consider when drafting a policy for their wiki.)
Contact Information:
Designate a contact for site and page-specific problems.
Documentation:
Create a FAQ or Readme for the site that outlines all of the recommendations
for site visitors and editors.
It may also be helpful to create documentation for wiki-specific functions and
syntax that are likely to be heavily used by editors.

Security:
Security can be an issue with regard to wikis. Some ACRL wikis have been the
targets of vandalism in the past. Although editors can easily fix any issues
manually or by reverting pages to previous versions, doing so repeatedly can
quickly become time consuming.
Encourage visitors who contribute to or edit pages to create accounts on the site.
ACRL wikis running on the MediaWiki platform currently require users to
create an account and sign in before making changes. If you are using another
platform, consider requiring all users to create accounts in order to add or edit
content.

For both security and some measure of editorial oversight, wiki administrators
are strongly encouraged to set up watchlists or alerts for all pages. This will
allow administrators to keep track of page activity and to minimize the amount
of time that vandalized pages remain defaced.
Presentation Software Part I
What is presentation software?

Presentation software, also known as graphics presentation applications or

presentation graphics programs, is a category of software used to create content
where information is often represented in a graphical or visual way. A variety of
presentation software is available to help tell a story or support written
information using pictures, charts, graphs and other visual elements.

➢ Types of presentation software: There are two main types of

presentation software:
1. business presentation software and
2. general multimedia authoring tools.

Business presentation software products generally emphasize ease of learning

and use, particularly for nontechnical and business users. However, they can
include more advanced functions for experienced users. Most business
presentation applications let users include visual elements like images, and
sometimes audio and video.

General multimedia authoring software lets users create sophisticated

presentations that might include photos, icons, audio narrations, transitions,
animations and video sequences. Some presentations products combine ease of
use and sophisticated features.

➢ Key features in presentation software

Presentation software often includes templates to create visually rich

presentations and slide decks. Templates can be easily edited to match user
requirements or company brand guidelines. The software usually includes a
search feature to discover these templates, as well as approved layouts and
previous presentations.

Cloud-based presentation applications generally include shared workspaces and

team folders that let multiple people securely collaborate, provide inputs, set
status updates, and add comments and reactions. Users can also share
presentations, project plans, conference keynotes, sales decks and more in real
time. Versioning capabilities might be included so authorized users can manage
version history, recover previous versions and view current progress.

Many vendors offer a centralized library of images, photos, icons and

animations, and regularly update these libraries so customers can access the
visual elements for their presentations. Some applications also integrate with
external image sources like Unsplash, Giphy and Brandfetch, so business users
can find additional digital assets such as images, logos, fonts and colors.

Other vendors' presentation software integrates with external video sites like
YouTube or Vimeo, enabling users to embed video to support the deck's story
or main message. Still other graphics applications include audio and data
capabilities so users can add narrations to content and integrate data
from Google Analytics, Google Sheets and other sources to accompany and
strengthen the text.

Some applications include a built-in designer that implements predefined design

rules and guardrails. Once content is added to the software, the designer
converts notes, data and more into visually rich slides. The slides automatically
adapt to the rules, so users don't have to make manual adjustments to change
text font and resize images, for example. In addition, the software might include
intuitive editing options and smart formatting capabilities to let users make
quick edits and finalize a presentation.
The best presentation software includes support for brand esthetics. The
application updates every slide and deck with the brand's specific fonts, colors,
logos, themes and templates to create consistent brand presentations with the
approved brand style. In most cases, style themes are customizable so company
logos, colors, fonts and icon styles can be added to the presentation theme and
updated as needed.

Presentation software part 2

Presentation software is a computer program that allows users to present
information in an engaging way. It can include text, pictures, sound, and
video. Some of the best presentation software include:

• Microsoft PowerPoint: A commonly used presentation software that

allows users to create slide-based presentations.

• Google Slides: A presentation software that helps tell a story using words,
pictures, charts, graphs, and other visual elements.

• Keynote: A presentation software for Mac users.

• Prezi: A presentation software.

• Canva: A presentation software.

• Adobe Express: A presentation software.

• Haiku Deck: A presentation software.

• Visme: A presentation software.

• Impress: A presentation software that is part of the OpenOffice suite.

ScreenCast: A screencast is a digital recording of a computer screen's
output. It's also known as a video screen capture or a screen
recording. Screencasts often include audio narration.
 ➢ Screen mirroring is when content from a phone is mirrored onto a larger
screen, like a TV. Screen mirroring works by turning one device into the
sender and the other into the receiver.
➢ Casting is when online content is received via a digital media player to a
TV, projector, or monitor via a wireless connection.

Screen casting Tools: An Overview of Screencast Tools

1. Loom
2. Screencast-O-Matic
3. Free Screen Recorder
4. OBS Studio
5. Camtasia
6. Quicktime Player
7. Screenium
8. Adobe Captivate
9. CamStudio
Bonus: Powerpoint

1. Loom: Loom is a young company and its tool makes recording and sharing
screen videos very easy. Loom is very intuitive and it’s suitable for recording
fast video messages to colleagues as well as demo videos, onboarding and all
other kinds of screen sharing. It is installed in Google Chrome via an extension,
a desktop version is planned.

➢ The recording is very fast and the content is uploaded automatically. This
makes sharing very easy and adds a big factor of fun. Loom can be
integrated into Gmail, Slack and Jira, among others.
 ➢ Loom is completely free. On https://www.useloom.com/ you can install
the extension quickly.

2. Screencast-O-Matic

A widespread tool for video recording, editing and distribution: The

manufacturer of Screen-O-Matic claims to have more than 9 million users and
more than 55 million videos created with its tool. Screen-O-Matic is aimed
specifically at educational institutions, companies and developers. It includes
easy screen recording and the option to add webcam and audio recording.

➢ The next step is to add numerous editing options: Animations, zoom

functions, highlighting of details, music, color changes, descriptions,
transitions, show or hide mouse and the import of pictures or videos from
different devices.

➢ The software then offers the option of sharing finished screencasts via
Youtube, Screen-O-Matic or via a link. The videos can be integrated into
programs such as Moodle, Canvas or the company’s own intranet.

➢ The software is free with the Screen-O-Matic watermark and a recording

time of up to 15 minutes. Purchase a single license for $1.65 or more per
month. More information can be found here: https://screencast-o-
matic.com/home.

3. Free Screen Recorder

A free tool for Windows computers is the Free Screen Recorder. It allows the
recording of screen videos and individual screenshots. The files are given out as
MP4 video and in BMP, TIF, PDF, JPG or PNG format. When recording, the
screen section can be freely selected and sound and mouse pointer activities can
be recorded.

4. OBS Studio

OBS Studio is an already very well developed, free open source software. The
tool is well suited for video recording with sound and streaming videos.

➢ OBS Studio allows numerous recording possibilities: Among

others, switching between different scenes and/or different video sources,
setting the screen resolution or picture-in-picture recordings. Afterwards
you can edit the videos and enhance them with video effects and filters.
The download also includes an audio mixer. This controls the noise
reduction and the amplification of the sound.

➢ Due to the open source format, OBS Studio is constantly evolving and is
already used extensively for instructions and tutorials, or even Let’s play
videos. It was still regularly updated in 2019.

5. Camtasia

Techsmith, the developers of Camtasia, are probably one of the largest

providers in the screencast market. Camtasia is ideal for professional demo
videos and tutorials. The tool has high performance and includes many more
features than simple screen recording.

➢ After screen recording, Camtasia offers comprehensive editing: visual

commentary, highlighting, and subtitles and many more options are
available. You can add effects and transitions, as well as image, audio,
and video files in Camtasia’s own editing program. In addition, you can
 record from a microphone and Webcam before exporting the finished
videos in a variety of formats and file sizes.

➢ Camtasia costs €269.05 for Mac or Windows when purchased once. A

very convenient feature is the free trial version of the software, which
allows you to try Camtasia for 30 days.

6. (Mac) Quicktime Player

Most Mac users already have it installed on their computers: the Quicktime
Player is not only a media player for playing videos, but also allows the
recording of the screen. Users can select the image section and audio sources.
There is also the possibility to visualize mouse clicks. In Quicktime itself no
post-processing of the videos is possible. For this purpose, you need an extra
tool, such as iMovie.

If not already installed, the download is free of charge. More information can be
found at https://support.apple.com/quicktime.

7. (Mac) Screenium

A Screencast tool for Mac users: Screenium also offers numerous functions
for recording and editing screen recordings. For example, the desktop
background can be hidden or a second video can be recorded with a camera and
integrated during the screencast – thereby video-in-video screencasts are
created, e.g. with a webcam.

Screenium offers tools for cutting, marking and highlighting details. Finished
videos can be exported or published directly to YouTube, Vimeo, Facebook,
and Flickr. Alternatively, Screenium allows you to send your videos via
message app on the Mac or via email.

Screenium costs €29.99 in the AppStore. A demo version with all functions
except export is available at https://www.syniumsoftware.com/screenium.

8. Adobe Captivate

The software from Adobe focuses on the area of e-learning. Captivate is

probably one of the most comprehensive screencast tools. It helps to create e-
learnings, software demos or screen recordings.

The software offers a wide range of editing options with different templates,
design functions and labeling options. In addition, Captivate offers another
special advantage: it allows responsive formatting of the files. Videos adapt to
mobile formats and can be supplemented with additional features such as GPS
recognition, interactive elements or a quiz option.

The tool can be used on Windows computers, on the Mac and on the Ipad and
can also convert older content into mobile formats. In the final step, Captivate
offers various output formats of the finished screencasts for further processing,
use and distribution. Captivate is particularly worthwhile for extensive e-
learning and costs €33.99 € per month. Read more
at https://www.adobe.com/products/captivate.html.

9. CamStudio

The open source software CamStudio is one of the basic tools to record the
screen. It offers rather few additional functions, but is very easy to use: After
screen recording users can apply subsequent improvements of the audio track
and then export the screencasts as AVI or SWF files. These files can be
converted into other video formats using third-party tools. Further features of
CamStudio are a separate video player and the insertion of arrows and text
fields.

CamStudio is available free of charge for Windows at http://camstudio.org/.

Bonus: Powerpoint

We received this tip from a flowshare user: quite simply, PowerPoint can also
be used for screen recording. Under the menu item “Insert”, select the option
“Screenshot”. Subsequently, Powerpoint allows to select different parts of the
screen and to record voice and mouse pointer. Although it takes a little while to
get used to controlling the tool via different key combinations, you can create
screen records quickly and easily afterwards.

The screen video is then automatically embedded in the PowerPoint

presentation, but can also be saved separately. You can find more information
about this at Office Support.

Screen casting Techniques:

• AirDroid Cast

A lightweight screen mirroring tool that can cast Windows and MacOS
screens to a computer wirelessly.

• Apple AirPlay

A feature found in iPhones, iPods, and Apple Laptops that allows you to
wirelessly broadcast video from any of these devices directly to your
TV.

• ApowerMirror
 A screen mirroring program that can cast high-quality video from iOS
and Android devices to a PC.

➢ 5 simple steps to create a screencast

So, how do you make your own screencast? Just follow these five steps:

1. Choose the screen recording tool that’s right for you

First, you’ll want to choose a screencasting tool that has everything you need (recording,
editing, etc). If you’re a teacher, look for options that are classroom technology friendly and
integrate well with your learning management system (LMS) and any other software you’re
using.

Not to toot our own horn 🎺 , but Screencastify includes all of this and integrates with some
of most common EdTech tools. It functions as a browser extension, so it will work in any
environment where you can use Google Chrome. Check out Screencastify’s integrations
here.

2. Prepare yourself and your screen for recording

With most software, you can choose between recording your entire desktop, a browser tab, or
your webcam. Remove any unwanted tabs, wallpapers, distracting materials, or sensitive
information from view. You’ll also want to have any notes or materials you need nearby.

By the way, Screencastify includes editing features that allow you to cut or blur anything
unshareable. But you’ll have a better, faster time if you don’t have to worry about that in the
first place.

3. Record your screen and audio (don’t forget the test recording)
Next, it’s time to record:

• Select the part of the screen you want to record (individual tab or window, full
desktop, your webcam, etc). 🖥

• Pull up any additional settings you may want to use (e.g., audio, drawing tools,
annotations, etc).
 • Do a test run of your video and audio before you start your actual recording. 🎬

• If your test recording is a success, reset so that everything is ready to go again.

• Take a sip of water and a deep breath, then click the record button.

• When you’ve completed your screencast, click the stop button. 🛑

For a step-by-step explanation with visuals, check out our guide to how to record a
screencast.

4. Edit your screencast recording

Once you’ve saved your screencast recording, it’s time to edit (if necessary). You can cut and
trim content as needed, add blurring, add closed captioning, and anything else you need to
make the recording helpful and easy to digest.

5. Share your screencast with your audience

Most teachers rely on the cloud service or LMS they’re already using to share their
screencast. Simply save or upload to the service you’re using and push the content out to
students, parents, other teachers, administrators, or anyone else who needs to see it.

Still have questions or prefer a guided explanation? Join our free, one-hour Master the
Screencast course to get comfortable with screencasting.

➢ Multilingual Content Development:

Multilingual content management is the process of creating, publishing, and

distributing information with a specific purpose in different languages, and is
thus an integral part of any successful localization strategy.

➢ What is the best content management system for multilingual

websites?
Once you have concluded that a global strategy is the next step for your
business, you’ll need a content management system (CMS) that can support
your content in multiple languages.
This includes the script in which the language is written. For example, in
Devnagri, Mandarin, and other Asian languages, characters are written
differently. Also, some languages like Hebrew and Arabic are written right to
left. Using the Universal Coded Character Set (Unicode) can make adapting to
other languages and writing styles much easier.
• WordPress is by far the most widely-used CMS, with 35% of all
websites out there based on it.
• Drupal is a free open-source CMS that is mostly used by big
corporations and supports 94 languages.
• Joomla is a free, open-source CMS used to publish content on the
web. It supports 75 languages currently.
• Contentful is a coming-of-age technology, a backend-only, ‘headless’
CMS, built as a content repository.
Depending on the type of content you have, the platforms you’re using, and
what languages you’re wanting to start localizing in, these options can be a
good start. You’ll also need to answer these five questions before moving on
to product localization.
Why need multilingual content?

Multilingual content is crucial for businesses since it brings a plethora of

opportunities in marketing and breaks the language barriers to make it more
accessible. Here are the top benefits of leveraging multilingual content:

1. It allows you to target a broader audience and enhance the reach of your
content.
2. You can offer better UX by making content available in the user’s native
languages.
3. Language is closely related to culture. By generating multilingual
content, you can show respect to people speaking other languages.
4. It can improve SEO and website visibility.
5. Multilingual content marketing helps you to stay and run a business in
this competitive world by ensuring globalization.
 6. You can be more connected with the local audience by translating or
generating content into native languages.
7. You can step into the international market and sell products
worldwide, boosting sales and profits.

Planning and developing dynamic web content sites

What Is Dynamic Content?

Dynamic content refers to website content that changes based on preferences

and behavior. When a user lands on your site, WordPress will make data-driven
decisions about what content to show a user.

For example, if you’ve ever shopped online on Target’s website, you’ve

probably noticed the “Target Circle for You” or “Buy it Again” options.
Amazon has a similar recommendation feature based on past purchases and
searches. These are examples of tailored content that makes a user’s experience
smoother.

WordPress dynamic sites work on the same model. You can tailor discounts,
recommendations, display features, and search results to fit each user. Your user
will be able to navigate your site easily, leading to a positive user experience.

The best part? Dynamic content requires minimal effort on your part, especially
if you build a WordPress website. So, if you’re ready to dive into creating a
dynamic site, keep reading.

Benefits of Dynamic Content

The critical thing to remember about dynamic content is that you don’t need it
on each website page. Instead, some pages can remain static, while those you
frequently update or use a template for can be dynamic. In addition, there are
several other benefits to having dynamic content on your site.

Increased Conversions

Each time a user lands on your website, your goal is to gain a conversion.
Conversions happen when a user completes a task, such as making a purchase
or signing up for something. When a user visits a website with dynamic content,
personalized recommendations will be on each page they visit. That ease of
access will encourage users to complete your task.

Fewer Clicks to Conversions

A secondary goal to gaining conversions is creating conversions in just a few

clicks. In other words, you want your user to reach their destination in 3-4 clicks
at most. For example, if you own an online shop, you could display a “Buy It
Again” or “Your Cart is Waiting” section. This will take the user directly to the
products they have the most use for instead of making them search.

Increased Engagement

When you direct users to content you know they’ll benefit from, they’re more
likely to stick around. Not only can you send them to past purchases, but you
can also include a “Related Items” section that’ll show them other items they
may not have known about. That section can encourage them to click through
your site and make more purchases.

Creating a Dynamic Website in WordPress

Although creating a website might seem like an arduous task, WordPress makes
it quite simple. You can use plugins to create a fully dynamic site without any
knowledge of coding. That leaves you more time to create content and less time
fussing with the technical aspect. Follow the steps listed below to create your
site.

1. Purchase a Domain Name and Web Host

Before launching your site, you’ll need a domain name and web host. Although
you can get free domains from WordPress, you’re better off purchasing a
custom domain. A custom domain will make it easier for users to remember
your site. Not to mention, it offers better branding opportunities.
A web host is where your website lives online. WordPress offers hosting
through Bluehost or Ultahost, but you can choose your own host provider if you
prefer. Just make sure to choose one that provides security, speed, and customer
support.

2. Install WordPress

Now that you have your domain, you can download WordPress and start
building your site. WordPress is an open-source platform that allows you to
develop and host your website. It comes fully loaded with all the themes and
plugins you’ll need for your dynamic website. It’s simple to install, and
WordPress’ customer support is top-notch.

3. Choose a Dynamic Theme

Not all WordPress themes are created equal, so you’ll need to choose the right
one if you want dynamic content. Fortunately, you’ll have plenty of dynamic
themes to choose from. Some of the most popular are:

• Astra
• Divi
• Altitude Pro
• SeedProd
• Ultra
• Authority Pro
Take a look at all available dynamic themes and choose the one that best fits
your brand and content.

4. Choose Your Plugins

Another useful WordPress feature is the wide selection of plugins available to

help make your dynamic site run smoothly. Specifically, you’ll need to install
Elementor and Toolset. These two plugins will help you build a template using
user data and store your dynamic information in your account.

Other plugins you could consider include:

• Akismet Anti-Spam
• JetEngine
• Advanced Custom Fields
• Divi
• Google XML Maps
• Beaver Themer

5. Create Your Content

The next step to creating your dynamic website is to make your content. This
part is pretty easy since you likely already know what you plan to write about.
So, go ahead and write out your pages. Then, as you create your content, choose
dynamic widgets that correspond with your pages.
For example, JetEngine allows users to view related items, choose from recent
selections, and create comparisons between products.

6. Publish Your Site

Once you’ve created all of your site’s pages, you can publish them by clicking
the “Publish” button and the top of the pages. However, before you post, test
out the functionality using the “Preview” option. This will let you ensure your
pages are optimized, responsive, and coherent.

➢ Website design Using CSS:

Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simply
designed language intended to simplify the process of making web
pages presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to web pages.
More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independently of the
HTML that makes up each web page. It describes how a webpage
should look: it prescribes colours, fonts, spacing, and much more. In
short, you can make your website look however you want. CSS lets
developers and designers define how it behaves, including how
elements are positioned in the browser.
While HTML uses tags, CSS uses rulesets. CSS is easy to learn and
understand, but it provides powerful control over the presentation of
an HTML document.
• CSS saves time: You can write CSS once and reuse the same
sheet in multiple HTML pages.
• Easy Maintenance: To make a global change simply change the
style, and all elements in all the webpages will be updated
automatically.
• Search Engines: CSS is considered a clean coding technique,
which means search engines won’t have to struggle to “read” its
content.
• Superior styles to HTML: CSS has a much wider array of
attributes than HTML, so you can give a far better look to your
HTML page in comparison to HTML attributes.
• Offline Browsing: CSS can store web applications locally with
the help of an offline cache. Using this we can view offline
websites.
CSS Syntax:
CSS comprises style rules that are interpreted by the browser and
then applied to the corresponding elements in your document. A
style rule set consists of a selector and declaration block.
1. Selector: A selector in CSS is used to target and select specific
HTML elements to apply styles to.
2. Declaration: A declaration in CSS is a combination of a property
and its corresponding value.
Selector -- h1
Declaration -- {color:blue;font size:12px;}
• The selector points to the HTML element you want to style.
• The declaration block contains one or more declarations separated
by semicolons.
• Each declaration includes a CSS property name and a value,
separated by a colon.
For example :
selector {

property1: value1;

property2: value2;

➢ Creating website:

Building a website is a great way to share your ideas and thoughts

with the world. But if you've never done one, it can seem daunting.
There's all that http-dot-whatever and <tag this=""> and <tag that="">

Designing Your Website

1. Get inspired. Look at websites with great designs and think
about why they're great designs. It usually comes down to the
information, resources, links, and pages being laid out in a
way that is easy to see and use. To get ideas about how to
design your own site, look at sites which do similar things to
 get ideas about where you should put different types of
content.
• Stay realistic to your skills.
• Ease of access is the most important thing. If you don't have a
certain piece of information easily visible, make sure that
getting to that information is very logical.
• Generally the simpler the design, the fewer the pages, the
better.
• One of the key areas to the website planning stage is
developing a clear vision for your website. What purpose will it
serve? Is it to advertise and generate leads for your professional
services, run an eCommerce site, automate bookings online?
• Remember to be clear on your first page. If a visitor isn’t able
to distinguish clearly and within seconds of visiting your
website, what your business is about, you need to simplify it.
Visitors should immediately know who you are and what you
offer or you risk losing potential customers who may navigate
off your page from frustration over not being able to figure it
out.
2. Choose a topic and purpose. If you already have a fairly
good idea about what your website will focus on, skip this
step. If not, here are some things to help you figure that out.
First, understand that there are billions of people on the
Internet, and a large percentage have websites. If you limit
yourself to something that hasn't been done, you'll never get
started.
• When you think, "Internet," what is the first thing that comes to
your mind? E-commerce? Music? News? Socializing?
Blogging? Those are all good places to start.
• You could create a website that's dedicated to your favorite
band, and have a chat area where people can talk about it.
• You can build a page for your family, but be careful about
things like this. The internet is full of unsavory characters and
information you put up about your family could end up being
 used against you. Consider adding password protection to your
personal family website.
• If you're a news junkie, or want something less filtered than
traditional media, build a website and get publicly available
feeds from news providers such as Reuters, BBC, AP, and
others. Build your own customized news aggregator (what used
to go by the quaint name of "newspaper"), then see and show
all the news that's fit to digitize.
• If you're creative at writing then you can start a blog where you
can write about anything you want and attract monthly readers!
• Gather the content. There are lots of different types of content
and many have their own considerations. You'll need to figure
out what's best for your website and your needs. Updated,
informative content is essential, as search engines love it. If you
want to be continually indexed by Google and also have your
customers return over and over again, keep your content fresh,
exciting and regularly add to it. Some things to consider
including:
• A store. If you want to sell things, you'll need to figure out how
you want the items to be available. If you have relatively few
things to sell, you might want to consider having a store with a
hosting service. Society6, Amazon, and Cafepress are all well-
established store hosts which let you sell a variety of items and
set your own prices.
• Media. Do you want to display videos? Music? Do you want to
host your own files or do you want them hosted somewhere
else? Youtube and SoundCloud are great examples of hosting
options, but you'll need to be sure that the way you design your
website allows these media types to display correctly.
• Images. Are you a photographer? An artist? If you plan on
putting original images on your website, you might want to use
a format that can help keep them from getting stolen. Make
sure the images are relatively small or that they are hidden
behind some Flash code, so as to keep them from being easily
saveable.
• Widgets. These are mini-programs which run on your website,
usually to help you keep track of who visits, what they're
 looking for, and where they're from. You can also find widgets
for booking appointments, displaying a calendar, etc. Look into
what might be useful for you (just make sure the widget comes
from a reputable source).
• Contact information. Do you want to have contact
information on your webpage? For your own safety, you should
be careful about what kind of information you have available.
You should never display things like your home address or
home phone number, as information like this can be used to
steal your identity. You may want to set up a PO box or a
special email address for people to contact you at, if you don't
have a business address.

3. Draw a flowchart. For most people, the website starts on

the home page. This is the page that everybody sees when
they first go to www.yourSite.com. But where do they go
from there? If you spend some time thinking about how
people might interact with your site, you'll have a much easier
time down the line when you are making navigation buttons
and links.
4. Plan for user devices and situations. In recent years,
smartphones and tablets have become incredibly popular
platforms for browsing the internet, and they require websites
to be designed for them. If you really want to make a website
that will stand the test of time and be accessible to the highest
number of viewers, plan on making different versions of your
site for different devices, or plan to use a responsive design
that adjusts as necessary.

➢ Building Your Website

1. Decide what method or tool you'll use to build it. When you
have the basic idea down and have a plan for how it will be laid
out, the next thing to think about is how you're going to build it.
The options seem endless, and people will try to sell you this or
 that 'fantastic' application, and every other thing that you
"absolutely must have" on your site, however the reality is that
there are a few great tools for building websites, and one of
them will be best-suited to your situation and needs.
2. Build it yourself. This is the first option. If you have a website-
building application like Adobe Dreamweaver, it is not very
difficult to create a website from scratch. You might need to do
some coding but don't panic! HTML looks complicated, but it's
like listening to Shakespeare—it's hard at first, but once you get
the feel of it, it's not that difficult.
• Pros: website design software simplifies the process of building
sites by letting you drag-and-drop images, text, buttons,
movies, and anything else you can think of, usually without
ever having to dig into HTML. Many web design applications
will even let you create sites specifically for your smartphone
or pad. If you are building a basic, personal website, this is
really a great way to go.
• Cons: there is a learning curve, and though you don't have to
dig into HTML, it's not totally geek-free. If you are in a hurry,
this might not be the best solution. Perhaps the biggest con,
though, is that if you are not a graphic designer, you could end
up with a page that hurts the eyes. To mollify this somewhat,
there are a number of free templates in the applications, and on
the internet, but be aware of your limitations—if you have any!
3. Use a content management system (CMS). This is the second
option. WordPress is an example of a great option for building
websites. It helps you create web pages and blog posts quickly
and easily, set up the menus, allow and manage user comments,
and has thousands of themes and plugins that you can choose
from and use for free. Drupal and Joomla are other great CMS
options. Once the CMS is hosted, you can manage your site
from anywhere (in the world) that has an Internet connection.
• Pros: Very easy to use, quick to get started with one click
install, and lots of options for the beginner (with enough depth
for more experienced users).
• Cons: Some themes are limiting, and not all are free.
• You don't need to learn how to code to use WordPress. Make
sure to learn how to use the main features of your WordPress
website before considering outsourcing as an option. This way,
you will always be in control of your online presence, even if
you do decide to outsource.
4. Build the website from scratch. This is the third option. If
you decide to build your website from scratch, you'll need to
start using HTML and CSS. There are ways to extend your
HTML skills and add more features and more depth to your
website. If you are developing a professional website, these
tools will help you get that edge that is needed in any business
venture.
• CSS, which stands for "Cascading Style Sheets". CSS gives
more flexibility for styling the HTML, and makes it much
easier to make basic changes—fonts, headers, color schemes—
in one place, and have those changes ripple through the site.
• XHTML is a web language set by W3C's standards. Almost
identical to HTML, it follows a stricter set of rules for marking
up information. What this means, for the most part, is minor
changes to the way you write code.
• Look into HTML5. It's the fifth revision of the core HTML
standard, and will eventually subsume the current version of
HTML (HTML4), and XHTML as well.
• Learn a client-side scripting language, such as JavaScript. This
will increase your ability to add interactive elements to your
site, such as charts, maps, etc.
• Learn a server-side scripting language. PHP, ASP with
JavaScript or VB Script or Python can be used to change the
way web pages appear to different people, and lets you edit or
create forums. They can also help store information about
people who visit your site, like their username, settings, and
even temporary "shopping carts" for commercial sites.
• AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a technique of
using a browser sided language and a server sided language to
make the page get new information from the server without
refreshing the page, often greatly reducing user wait time and
 vastly improving the user's experience but increasing
bandwidth usage. For a website that will see a lot of traffic, or
an eCommerce site, this is an excellent solution.
5. Hire a professional. This is the fourth and final option. If you
are not up to designing your own website, or learning new
coding languages—especially for more advanced sites—hiring a
professional may be your best option. Before you hire, ask to
see a portfolio of their work, and check their references
carefully.

➢ Test Driving Your Website and Going Live

1. Register your domain name. If you’re on a budget, there are
strategies for buying a cheap domain name. Find a domain name
that is easy to remember and easy to spell. If you use domains
ending with .com, you will end up with more traffic, but most of
the easy ones are taken, so be creative!
• Look to Network Solutions, GoDaddy, or Register.com are
good in the US and uk2.net if you're in the UK to research and
find the ideal domain name for your website. Wordpress also
includes a feature whereby you can use a name that's tagged
with their site, for example, mywebsite.wordpress.com. But if
the name you choose is also available as a .com, they will
notify you when you sign up.
• You can purchase domain names if they have been "parked" or
are for sale online through business sales sites. It's a good idea
to get legal and financial advice before purchasing an expensive
domain name.
2. Inspect your website. Before you post your site, it's wise to test
it thoroughly. Most web design software has a way to test your
site without taking it online. Look for missing tags, broken
links, search engine optimization, and website design flaws.
These are all factors which may affect your website's traffic and
revenues. You may also generate a free full-functioning site map
to submit to search engines like Google, in a matter of minutes.
3. Test your website. When you finish your website, do usability
testing. You can do this by asking a few friends or family
 members to try it out. Give them a specific task like "edit your
profile" or "buy an alpaca sweater from the bargains page." Sit
behind them and watch them navigate—do not help them. You
will likely find areas where you need to improve navigation or
clarify some instructions. Alternately use something like
zurb.com to user test on specific demographics for different
types of engagement. When testing a website in 2014 it's
becoming important to keep the platform in mind and make sure
the website is usable from smartphones and tablets as well as
desktops.
• Keep a list of things you notice that seem difficult or non-
intuitive for the user.
4. Launch it! Choose a web host and upload your website. Your
web host may have an FTP feature, or you can download your
own FTP program like FileZilla or CyberDuck. If you hired a
professional to design the website, they should be able to take
care of this for you (but it still pays to ask questions so that you
understand what is happening).

Maintenance:
➢ Creating and maintaining a Blog Site:
What is a blog?

A blog is a type of website that is updated regularly with new

content. Most blogs contain short, informal articles called blog posts.
These posts usually contain some combination
of text, photos, videos, and other media. At its core, a blog is just a
space on the Web that you can create to record and express
your opinions, experiences, and interests.

If you spend much time browsing the Web, you've probably read a
blog post before, even if you didn't realize it at the time. Some of the
most-read blogs are a bit like online magazines because they're
written by a team of people who are paid to update the blog with new
posts several times a day.

Who blogs?

The people who write blogs are called bloggers. From what you hear
on the news, you might think bloggers are all a certain type of
people—young, politically inclined, and tech-savvy. Or maybe you've
heard about bloggers who've written about amazing experiences or
ambitious projects, then turned their blogs into bestselling books.
While some bloggers do fit these descriptions, a majority of bloggers
don't. In fact, there's no "average" blogger—blogs are written by
people of all ages and backgrounds and from all walks of life.

Review the infographic below to learn more about bloggers

Why blog?

As you saw in the infographic on the last page, most bloggers

consider blogging a hobby. It can be a fairly time-consuming hobby,
as many bloggers spend several hours each week writing blog posts,
replying to comments, and more. So why do they do it?

There are many reasons why people blog, but here are some of the
most common reasons:
• To share your experiences and expertise
• To speak up about an issue you care about
• To become more involved with hobbies and passions
• To be part of a community
• To advance your career or start a career in writing
• To keep family and friends updated about your life
No matter what their main reason for blogging is, most bloggers
have at least one thing in common: They're passionate enough about
a topic to write about it over and over again, usually for free. If
there's a subject you care deeply about, you might enjoy blogging
about it. When you have your own blog, you have unlimited space
and freedom to express your opinions and discuss the things you
care about with others.

Blogging for money

Another reason some people blog is to earn money. People earn

money from their blogs by hosting advertisements, selling products,
or publishing their blog posts in the form of a book or printed
articles.

The media often reports on bloggers who have done this successfully,
turning their blogs into careers and even a book and movie deals.
While it's fine to try to earn money from blogging, you should be
aware that these success stories are very rare.

You may see advertisements for services that promise to help you
make your blog profitable with little effort. However, making money
this way is not as easy as it may seem. Many bloggers write for years
without ever earning a cent from their blogs. Keep this in mind as you
begin blogging.

➢ What do people blog about?

A blog can be about literally anything. There are people blogging

about every topic imaginable, from their political views to their pets.
Think of any interest or hobby, no matter how unusual or
specialized—there's bound to be an entire community of blogs
devoted to discussing it. Although it's impossible to list all of the
subjects people blog about, there are certain topics that are commonly
covered.

➢ Create a blog
1. Sign in to Blogger.
2. On the left, click the Down arrow .
3. Click New blog.
4. Enter a name for your blog.
5. Click Next.
6. Choose a blog address or URL.
7. Click Save.

➢ Maintaining BLOG site:

Maintaining your blog makes sure that the entirety of your blog
is alive. By "alive" I mean:

• It is usable. All the buttons, links etc. actually work.

 • It is presentable. Content is cohesive with your current brand,
there are no images missing, and nothing looks weird (which
can happens sometimes with CSS changes).
• Evergreen content is relevant. If a reader goes to a guidepost or
discussion of yours from two years back, they need to find
content that is still relevant.
• It is accessible. There shouldn't be any missing content or things
that don't work. For example, this can happen if you deleted a
plugin which had embedded content.

I tried to make the list short and important-only but it can still be
overwhelming, especially if you're just starting out and you already
have years of content to update. So here are some small tips to manage
it all.

• PRIORITIZE. Only do what you think you need based on your

blogging goal. Do you want to focus on SEO? Check links,
update old posts, check comments, and internally link your
posts. Do you want to focus on user interface/blog aesthetic?
Focus on updating images, updating old posts with your current
brand, checking if everything is working cohesively, updating
widgets, etc.
• Set your schedule. Choose what tasks to do and when to do
them. i.e. weekly, monthly, quarterly etc. This will make sure
that you don't do everything every single time.
• Decide frequency based on what is required more. Do broken
links pile up fast? Schedule it weekly. Don't have much to
update on the privacy policy page? Update it quarterly.
• Keep realistic schedules. Don't take on too much at once,
especially if you don't have a lot of time. Although I have 8
tasks to do weekly, I don't aim to do all of them. I have ordered
the list from most-to-least priority and do whatever I can.
• Keep realistic tasks. Don't schedule in a lot of work at once.
For example, I initially tried making and scheduling pins
monthly but it was too much to do at once. So I shifted it to
weekly and it's better now.
• You don't have to do everything. They're just things that you
CAN schedule in if you want to. Choose what you want on your
 checklist. Don't give yourself too much work especially if
blogging is not your job.
• We're not perfect and we're not robots. If you're tired,
unwell, or have other priorities, it's okay to let these tasks slip.
Take care of yourself first.

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