COURSE INDEX

Page 2 Make up course

Page 39 Body Care Course

Page 58 Nail Treatment Course

Page 69 Massage Course

Page 82 Cosmetology Course

Page 145 Ten Secrets for a Healthy Life without

Stress, Expenses or Complications

Page 150 Home Remedies for the Body

Page 154 Seventy Recipes to Acquire a Great

Personality and Succeeding in Life

Page 182 Colorimetry Course

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 COURSE HOW TO APPLY MAKEUP

Course content

Introduction
Class 1................ Base
Class 2............... The concealer
Class 3............... The dust
Class 4............... Blush and powder corrections
Class 5............... Eyes make up
Class 6............... The lips
Class 7. The base for perfect makeup
Class 8. Perfect lips
Make your lips the focus of attention Special effects, glosses,
sensual lips Tricks and secrets for beautiful lips Full lips
Thin or thin lips
Class 9. Movie Tabs
Tricks for applying mascara
Class 10. Look Beautiful with Movie Makeup
How to get Penelope Cruz's look
And to achieve the look of Jennifer Lopez?
And to look like Cameron Díaz?
And if you prefer Julia Roberts
Class 11..............Makeup Tricks
Base
Blindfolds
Dust
Eyebrows
Lips
Rouge
Brushes

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INTRODUCTION
Make up course

For many women, putting on makeup means applying cosmetic products

to your face, but the true meaning of makeup is to transform yourself
without losing your naturalness and highlight your most beautiful features. To
create your own tricks we are going to take into account three main points:
A. Feel identified with one of the four types of faces.
B. Create color harmonies between clothes, eyes and hair.
C. The occasion of the makeup (party, day, night, bridal.

The first thing you should do is identify what your face type is. Look at
the photos below and select which one is yours. Don't worry if you don't see
yourself fully reflected in these drawings, many times we can have a mixture
of two face types, but I always chose the one that is most similar to you.

SKIN PREPARATION

The 1st step before putting on makeup is to cleanse, tone and

moisturize the skin. It is essential since clean and moisturized skin will make
the makeup last and adapt perfectly to each face.

EYEBROW WAXING

It is very important because an unplucked or poorly plucked eyebrow

can completely change your look.

ESSENTIAL PRODUCTS FOR GOOD MAKEUP

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 These are the products that we all have to have in our cosmetic bag:

_Base.
_Corrector.
_Volatile or compact powder.
_Shadows of different colors.
_Black or brown eyeliner (make it soft so that it glides smoothly).
_Mascara.
_Blush.
_Lipstick.
_Rush of different colors.
_Glow.
_Brushes.
_Latex sponges.

CLASS 1
BASE
We have different types of bases

Liquid
To the Oil
Compact

The FUNCTION of the foundation is to even out the skin color and
cover blemishes or pimples.

If you have DRY SKIN, choose a creamy base.

If you have VERY SENSITIVE skin make sure it is Hypoallergenic.
If, on the other hand, you have OILY or pimples, opt for an oil free
one.

When choosing the COLOR , it has to be the same as the general color
that we have on our face. We should never apply a lighter color. To find the
one that best suits you, apply three strips of different shades on your cheek
or jaw, the one that matches your skin is the right one.

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How do we apply it?

It is very simple. Dip a brush or swab into the base and distribute
evenly over the entire face. Then we blend well with a latex sponge (you can
get them at any perfume store!), taking into account reaching up to the neck
so that it doesn't look like we have a mask. If the skin has many
imperfections, we remove the excess with a tissue by tapping and apply
another layer higher up.

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CLASS 2

CORRECTOR

Concealer is the 2nd step in makeup after foundation. It serves to

conceal and illuminate any part of the face. We can cover spots, pimples, dark
circles and any imperfection we have.
The COLOR has to be one tone lighter than the base.

How do we apply it?

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 Distribute the areas you want to conceal with a brush. To get it to
penetrate well, you have to blend it with your fingertips, tapping gently. If
you have very dark circles under your eyes, remove the excess with tissue and
apply a second layer.

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CLASS 3
POWDER

There are 2 types of powders: Loose (or volatile) and compact.

Choosing one or the other is a matter of personal taste. The loose

ones are ideal for use at home, but they are not practical to transport. The
compact ones are ideal for touch-ups when you are away from home and are
better controlled

The FUNCTION of powder is to set makeup and remove shine.

The COLOR has to be as similar as possible to that of the base.
Translucent powder does NOT provide color.

How do we apply it?

Wait a few minutes for the foundation and concealer to set. Then with
a swan (from which the excess has been removed), gently tap until the

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powder is no longer visible on the face.

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CLASS 4

BLUSH AND POWDER CORRECTIONS

Each face is different and depending on its structure, we will know

which areas we need to highlight or conceal.

To highlight or stand out: LIGHTEN with a neutral powder (it can be

shadow, blush, volatile, etc.) that is 1 or 2 shades lighter than the skin.
To sink or conceal: DARK with a powder that is 2 or 3 shades darker
than the skin.

After making the corrections we apply the blush.

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TYPE OF CORRECTIONS ACCORDING TO THE STRUCTURE OF
THE FACE:

* ROUND FACE:

We darken: the cheek bone diagonally.

We clarify: chin, center of the forehead and on the cheekbones.
Blush: applied over dark correction.

SQUARE FACE:

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 We darken: jaws and sides of the hairline.
Blush: below the bone horizontally.

LONG FACE:

We darken the chin and hairline.

We clarify: jaws.
Blush: in the center of the cheek.

TRIANGULAR FACE:

We darken: chin and sides of the hairline.

We clarify: jaws.

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Blush: on the cheekbones.

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CLASS 5
EYES MAKE UP

The eyes are the most important part of the face, what attracts and
draws the most attention.
To make them up, we need:

SHADE:

Choose a duo of medium and dark shadows from the same color range,
and a separate one in a nude color. Remember that there has to be harmony
between clothing and makeup.

EYELINER:

They give definition to the eye. It can be black or brown, according to

each person's taste.

EYELASH MASCARA:

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 There are mascaras to lengthen, give volume, waterproof, etc., choose
the one that best suits your needs.

STEPS:

1) The entire surface of the eyelid is covered with a light or skin-

colored shadow.

2) We outline the contour of the upper eyelid and blend the shadow
line with a dark shadow continuing to the crease of the eyelid.

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 3) I also line the lash line of the lower eyelid with a dark shadow and
blend it with a cotton swab.

4) We blend the intermediate shadow over the entire mobile

eyelid.

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 5) Then the dark shadow disappears in the depth of the eye and we
go down towards the contour line forming an inverted v.

6) Very light shadow is placed on the arch of the eyebrow to

illuminate.

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 7) The mascara is applied (from which the excess has been removed)
so that all the eyelashes are soaked with product and combed in a fan shape.

8) The lower lashes are only tinted with the rest on the brush.

CLASS 6

MOUTH

First I outline the entire contour with an eyeliner pencil and blend it

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inwards. Then I fill the mouth with a lipstick (a shade similar to the eyeliner),
I press the lips on a piece of tissue paper to remove the excess and I fill it
again. Finally you can apply glitter.

To REFINE: cover the edges with foundation and outline a millimeter

inside the lip.

To WIDEN: use a natural colored pencil and follow the shape of the lip
one millimeter higher.

Remember that you can mix different lipsticks to achieve different

colors.

TIP: if you want the lipstick to last longer, before filling your
mouth with the lipstick, do it with the eyeliner.

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Class 7
THE BASIS FOR
PERFECT MAKEUP
It is the essential element to achieve the best
finish. The makeup foundation conceals all types
of skin imperfections, offering a smooth and
luminous complexion. More complete every day,
these products today offer formulas that
satisfy all
the
requirements.
Flawless is the challenge of Helena Rubinstein 's
skin
Color Clone makeup foundation. Its pigments, with a
moisturizing formula, reproduce the natural color and
texture of the skin. It covers imperfections, without a
“mask” effect and is long lasting. The range comes in
eight shades with a satin matte finish.

Teint Rénergie Lift is Lancôme 's innovation that offers a makeup base
with a tightening effect. The Micro-Lift tension mesh has a lifting effect on
the skin, allowing it to breathe. It offers a fine texture and comes in various
shades, formulated with luminous pigments and micro-pearls.
Created for normal and normal to oily skin, Ideal Matte by Estée
Lauder is a foam foundation makeup with a matte and
natural finish. It offers a “soufflé” texture and is long-
lasting thanks to emollient ingredients that help the color
remain intact. Oil-free, it absorbs excess sebum on the
skin's surface. It comes in 6 shades and protects from
the sun thanks to SPF 8.

Teint Fondant from Clarins guarantees an effect

long-lasting natural covering, without
marking expression lines thanks to extreme softness and lightness. The
melting appearance of the texture guarantees quick application. It includes
an anti-pollution active ingredient that protects the epidermis from external
aggressions. Plus, Eclat Minute, the concealer brush created by

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Clarins, eliminates the bad face, wrinkles and tiredness marks. Applied in the
morning, this simple and practical brush can accompany you everywhere in
your bag. Its light-amplifying pigments create an optical effect reinforced
with the action of “soft focus” and photochromic pigments. Eclat Minute also
brings together the antioxidant and toning virtues of white tea and the
softening and soothing properties of eyebright.
Misslyn has conceived a line of Foundation Makeup
with treating ingredients that lock in hydration without
suffocating the epidermis. Matte and luminous finishes,
include a solar filter. Concealers hide the most marked skin
alterations, such as dark circles, blemishes or small stubborn
scars. It exists in beige and green tones, in cream or with a
more liquid texture and is completed by a creamy texture
concealer.

La Roche-Posay offers a solution for skin imperfections through A Unifiance

facial makeup. A very strict formula and tests carried out by specialists give
it makeup safety - dermatological. The Tone Corrector exists in 6 shades
and has
a covering power for color imperfections. For highlighted
imperfections, the Foundation provides a feeling of smooth and homogeneous
skin. Indicated for combination oily skin with a mattifying effect, it is also
available in cream for dry and very dry skin. It comes in 6 apricot shades.

Max Factor launches Color Adapt, a new makeup base that adapts to
different skin tones. Thanks to the combination of microparticles, which
adjusts to the different tones of the face, a natural effect is achieved and
adequate coverage is ensured where necessary. Its formula highlights special
molecules called “elastomers”, which provide a silky and soft texture while
facilitating its application.

The Body Shop offers us foundations formulated

with vitamins and natural oils that hydrate and protect the
skin. The Makeup Base with SPF 8 unifies the appearance
and tone of the skin while the Ultra Soft Makeup Base
provides a more professional look and contributes to unify
coverage. There are 6 shades to choose from.

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Class 8
PERFECT LIPS

Make your lips the focus of attention, provoke him with

your mouth

Tell him you love him, say it with a kiss, invite him to kiss you without
saying a single word, how? Very easy, put bright red makeup on your lips,
remember that red is the color of passion and desire, love and fire, when you
have a date with someone you like and want them to kiss you, put on makeup
and dress in red .

Special effects, reflections, shine, sensual lips

For beautiful and colorful sensual lips follow these tips.

· Apply a light foundation to your lips afterwards, press them with a
sponge and a little loose powder.
· If you like, start with the "v" above, with an eyeliner pencil that
matches the color of the lipstick.
· Always use a pencil with a new tip.
· Apply lipstick with a lip brush, lipstick should contain at least 20%
wax, have sun protection, hydration and vitamins.
· If your lips are thick, line them on the inside, if they are small, line
them on the outside.
· Never fill your lips with pencil alone, they dehydrate them.
· Choose the finish you like the most, matte, or wet, shiny, or pearly.
· Use the gloss on top of the lipstick to accentuate your lips now, you
find them in various shades.

Tricks and Secrets for beautiful lips

If your lips are not perfect, don't even worry, one, you can correct it
with surgery, two, if you don't have money, resort to surgery without a
scalpel, that of makeup, remember that the magic of makeup and color has no
limits or barriers, remember that practice makes perfect, rehearse in your
free time and in the end you will see results.
1. Use full coverage makeup, blend it with your fingers, on all lips.

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 2. Apply colorless loose powder.

3. Remove the excess and apply the powder again, but this time, press
gently on the entire mouth area.

Thick lips

1. Outline with a dark pencil, the contour following its natural line, but
this time do it inside, fill in your lips with a brush.

Thin or Thin Lips

2. Line normally, but before you reach the corner, finish the line.

3. Join the outline of the lips below with the one above.

4. Fill them with the color you like.

Do you see how easy it is to correct lip defects?

What would you like to know about makeup? Write to us, your
comments are taken into account, questions and suggestions call René
Ventura.

Make your lips the focus of attention, tease him with your mouth.

Tell him you love him, say it with a kiss, invite him to kiss you without
saying a single word, how? Very easy, put bright red makeup on your lips,
remember that red is the color of passion and desire, love and fire, when you
have a date with someone you like and want them to kiss you, put on makeup
and dress in red .

Special effects, reflections, shine, sensual lips

For beautiful and colorful sensual lips follow these tips.

· Apply a light foundation to your lips afterwards, press them with a
sponge and a little loose powder.
· If you like, start with the "v" above, with an eyeliner pencil
that matches the color of the lipstick.
· Always use a pencil with a new tip.

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 · Apply lipstick with a lip brush, lipstick should contain at least 20%
wax, have sun protection, hydration and vitamins.
· If your lips are thick, outline them on the inside, if they are small,
outline them on the outside.
· Never fill your lips with pencil alone, they dehydrate them.
· Choose the finish you like the most, matte, or wet, shiny, or pearly.
· Use the gloss on top of the lipstick to accentuate your lips now, you
find them in various shades.

Tricks and Secrets for beautiful lips

If your lips are not perfect, don't even worry, one, you can correct it
with surgery, two, if you don't have money, resort to surgery without a
scalpel, that of makeup, remember that the magic of makeup and color has no
limits or barriers, remember that practice makes perfect, rehearse in your
free time and in the end you will see results.

1. Use full coverage makeup, blend it with your fingers, on all lips.

2. Apply colorless loose powder.

3. Remove the excess and apply the powder again, but this time, press
gently on the entire mouth area.

Thick lips

1. Outline with a dark pencil, the contour following its natural line, but
this time do it inside, fill in your lips with a brush.

Thin or Thin Lips

2. Line normally, but before you reach the corner, finish the line.

3. Join the outline of the lips below with the one above.

4. Fill them with the color you like.

Do you see how easy it is to correct lip defects?

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Class 9

FILM TABS
Max-factor makeup artists reveal the tricks of
this season's highest-grossing stars, two radically
different women's styles, Cate
Blanchett as Katharine Hepburn in “The
Aviator” or Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones in
“Bridget Jones: I Will Survive.”

AND Cate 's role, representing Katharine Hepburn , is

that of a dynamic, positive, energetic woman with a
lot of life; elegant and sophisticated. Blanchett had
previously played the role of a royal character, that of Queen Elizabeth I in
“Elizabeth”, with which she won the Golden Globe and received an Oscar
nomination, but playing the legendary and aristocratic Hepburn
has meant for her a completely different challenge.

“It is one thing to interpret on the screen someone who

has lived and breathed, of whom there will be some people who
will have a certain image and for whom it can be an icon, and
quite another to interpret it in the same medium in which it was
created.” become such a revered person,” says Blanchett . “The
truth is that I don't think I would have attempted such a feat without
someone other than Martin Scorsese... Marty and I talk a lot. He didn't want
me to adopt a burlesque or cabaret pose when performing it. “I wanted me to
observe his behavior, his mannerisms and his screen presence, and try to
capture the truth of his personality and some of his extraordinary energy.”

“I must say that I had a great time digging through his films, watching
them all again. “She came from a time in American cinema when people like
Bette Davis, Humphrey Bogart and herself are also remembered for the way
they spoke and the way they looked.”

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 Morag Ross , Max Factor's makeup designer for Cate Blanchett in the
Aviator, used Max Factor's new Lash Fift mascara to achieve a lively, awake
look.

”My job on the set is to make sure the actresses have bright, awake
eyes both when they start filming and during late-night shoots. So far, I have
seen that other volumizing mascaras can make the eyelashes fall out,
producing the opposite effect to what I want to achieve. As a makeup
professional, it is a dream to have a product that provides both benefits:
volume and lash lift.”

Bridget Jones is the symbol of the London single

woman, thirty-something, insecure, full of doubts, in a
perpetual fight against calories........ the symbol of the
countless clueless single women who do not lose hope.
Renée Zellweger was attracted to the idea of making a
romantic comedy that explored the difficulty of having
a long-term relationship, no matter how wonderful the beginnings were.
“Everyday life is never portrayed that hinders the perfect, idealized
relationship, but in reality there is nothing perfect about it. “I thought it
would be fun to see Bridget Jones explore this side of love.”

“One of the most fantastic things about Bridget,” according to Renée

Zellweger , “is that no matter how much she fails, she doesn't lose her
optimism. At the beginning of this movie, she is determined to have a
successful relationship and career, she doesn't think anything can go wrong...
until everything starts going wrong.

Graham Johnson, of Max Factor, was the makeup director of “Bridget

Jones: I Will Survive” and the person in charge of creating Bridget's
appearance among other characters. “We wanted to maintain the look that
Bridget had in the first film, a typically English beauty. As a television
presenter, it was necessary for her to always look impeccable in front of the
cameras. The essential element to highlight her endearing beauty during the
night was to attract attention.” To add greater definition to her look, Grahan
used the More Lashes Waterproof coat of eyelashes. “This mascara combines
increased volume and separation with the reliability of a waterproof product.
Some scenes in the film were shot with Britget at sea, so it turned out to be
the ideal product for these types of scenes...” To achieve a more
sophisticated image in her evening makeup, she also used black Kohl Eye Pencil
on the upper lashes and “extended, she tells us, the natural line at the corner
of the eye with a small upward stroke.”

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Tricks for applying mascara:
• First apply the mascara to the lower lashes.
• Apply the mascara to the upper lashes with your eyes wide open
and your head elevated. Use the applicator from the roots of the
lashes outward, first in the center and then on the sides.
• If the roots of your eyelashes are not completely covered, first
use an eye pencil of the same shade.
• If you are blonde, try using a brown mascara, or even black
mascara on the upper lashes and brown on the lower lashes, you will get
a more natural result.
• If you have used a waterproof mascara, use a specific makeup
remover. It is advisable to leave the cotton soaked in makeup remover
for a few seconds on the eye, to make it more effective, and then
remove it by sliding it gently from the inside to the outside, so as not
to damage the eyelashes.

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Class 10

Get beautiful with movie makeup

If you ever wanted to look like Penélope
Cruz, Jennifer López or Cameron Díaz, now you
have it easier than ever, thanks to the work of
expert makeup artists who are going to reveal
the best kept secrets of the most beautiful. You
have no excuse to take advantage, stop by the
workshop that will open at the Bellasalud Fair
and you can get the makeup of the stars.

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The makeup artists Miguel Insúa, Maite Martínez,
Merche Cebrián and Rosa Mayoral, from the Jean D'Estrés School, will
transform the faces of four models, in the Bellasalud “Makeup of the
Stars” workshop, which will open its doors from the 10th to the 13th. June at
the Juan Carlos I Fair Park in Madrid.
Miguel Insúa, director of the aforementioned school and coordinator of
this workshop, will also teach tricks to achieve the makeup of Julia Roberts,
Cameron Díaz, Penélope Cruz and Jennifer López. He has chosen these
actresses because they seem to be very modern women who go a little outside
the appearance of screen myths, such as Marilyn Monroe, Sofía Loren or
Grace Kelly.

Explain to us the women's makeup you have chosen

He is completely different because his features
and character are also different. When we get ready to
work, we become a bit like psychologists, because we
are convinced that character is also manifested
through makeup.
For example, Cameron Díaz is sweetness, I find
Julia Roberts very sensual and Jennifer López and
Penélope Cruz represent temperament. The makeup of
women with character is usually more elaborate, very
diffused and usually gives more importance to the eye,
which for me is 50% the protagonist.

For this reason, in the simulations of Jennifer López or Penélope Cruz I

make the eye more almond-shaped, with a certain oriental influence, while in
Cameron Díaz's I make a more horizontal eye, more full of romanticism; and in

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the case of Julia Roberts, strength is achieved with a play of very blurred
shadows.

How can we get Penelope Cruz's look?

You have to draw the eye with a brownish tone or with an eye liner,
marking the upper eyelid more and the outer line a little and leaving the lower
eyelid clean. The shadow must be in warm tones in combination with the
lipstick.

And to achieve the Jennifer Lopez look?

Jennifer Lopez's look requires painting the inside of the eye, marking
the upper and lower eyelid and the bright and golden ranges. The makeup, in a
peach tone, which goes very well with the tanned woman.

And to look like Cameron Díaz?

We will do very soft makeup, in cold and blue tones, very fashionable
colors this summer and that suit her very well. Highlighted lips and rosy
cheeks highlighted with highlighter.

What if someone prefers Julia Roberts?

For Julia Roberts we will choose a pink eyelid shadow, with black pencil
and very light eye liner, and drawn upper and lower eyelids. The blush and soft
palate stick, with a touch of shine.

Which of the transformations do you find most difficult?

None, because before staining the face, we study it, we draw the image
on paper and the makeup is created on it, choosing from a color palette that
consists of a minimum of 26 shades. When we already have the image that we
are going to make up in our head, we determine the color and transfer it to
the real sketch, which is the model.

What can this makeup workshop offer the visitor?

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 What we intend with this workshop is to make known some of the
makeup tricks and make them invisible in the final result. The public will be
able to learn that, with a little practice, one can apply makeup correctly at
home.
When we train students, we always tell them that it is very important to
explain to the client what we call “makeup advice”, which consists of teaching
them how to do makeup for the day, for a cocktail,
for the night, for a party, etc...
People who attend this workshop will benefit, since
they will be able to learn about the current trend.
Because, unlike what happens with clothing, where
people are aware that fashion changes, in makeup
there are women who never change the color or the
way of applying it. And to put on makeup you have to
be bold, very imaginative and lose your fear. In
addition, visitors will have the opportunity to clarify
their doubts or ask about those aspects that have interested them.

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Class 11

TRICKS FOR YOUR MAKEUP

STOP BEFORE YOU PUT YOUR MAKEUP ON

Remove makeup from your face thoroughly with a gentle product that
removes dirt and does not dry out the skin.
If it is a milk, it is applied to a cotton pad and passed over the skin
several times. Then also toner with a cotton pad and, finally, rinse the skin
with warm water.
If it is a gel, it is applied with moistened hands, foamed and spread
over the entire face. To rinse, plenty of slightly hot water.
Use an appropriate moisturizer that prepares the skin's surface to
better retain moisture.
I also advise applying an
eye contour cream to smooth
the skin in this area.
Finding the right
foundation, which is the most
important step of makeup. To do
this, you must make sure that
you have chosen the tone that is
most similar to your skin, so that it blends with it.
To do this, when you buy foundation makeup from a store, go outside
and check how it looks on you in natural light.

FOR EVERY MAKEUP PRODUCT...

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BASE
HOW TO APPLY ?
Spread by putting a little product on the jaw and blending.

TRICK
My bases can be mixed together to find the most suitable shade.
ATTENTION!!!!!!
If you woke up with a bad face, don't make the mistake of trying to
cover it with a lot of makeup, it's worse! The best advice is lightness and
simplicity.

EYE COVERS
HOW TO APPLY?
If you have dark circles, apply the concealer with a brush

TRICK :
Blend it with your fingers
ATTENTION!!!!!! :
Without forgetting the inner corner of the eye, the darkest

EYEBROWS

HOW TO APPLY
Filling in your eyebrows is a fundamental makeup step that many women
forget. Use eyeshadow the same color as your hair and a small, hard, flat
brush.
ATTENTION!!!!!!!!!

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 Start with the most populated area and continue towards the outside
without abusing color.
TRICK
Finish by combing the eyebrow upwards.

Powder:

HOW TO APPLY?
Loose powders are essential to seal makeup, they must be applied over
the entire face
TRICK
Also apply them to your eyelids to prepare them for eye shadow.
ATTENTION!!!!!!
If you like sun powders, avoid those with an orange or frosty tint
because they look very artificial.

Shades:

HOW TO APPLY?
Choose three complementary shades of shadows: a lighter one for the
browbone, a medium one for the entire eyelid and the darkest one to outline
the eye
TRICKS:
Use them with a wet brush to line your eyes, instead of a pencil, for a
softer, more natural result. Light colors open and enhance the eyes. Do not
line the inner edge of the eyelashes, because it makes the eyes smaller.
ATTENTION!!!!!
They should be complementary to your hair color and skin tone, not
your eyes.

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Lips:

HOW TO PAINT THEM?

I like to outline them after painting them with the stick (instead of
before and, of course, in the same tone), to get a cleaner effect and for the
color to last longer.
ATTENTION!!!!
Look for a color similar to your own lips but a little deeper.
TRICK
Apply the lip gloss over the entire mouth, it is very flattering: over
your favorite stick color or, if you don't have much time, alone, for a touch of
vitality.
Rouge:

ATTENTION!!!!!!
The ideal shade of blush is the one that your cheeks acquire when you
blush.
HOW TO APPLY
The best way to achieve this look is to sweep the blush with a brush
onto the apples of your cheeks.
TRICK
Smile and you will find them.

Brushes:

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ATTENTION!!!!!!!!
Brushes are as important or more important than products.
They should be smooth, rounded and comfortable to handle.

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BODY CARE COURSE
Course content

• Class 1: How to perform a body treatment for localized adiposity.

- Products to use.
- Recommendations for the client.
- Products for home use.
• Class 2: How to perform a body treatment for flaccidity and stretch
marks (combined).
- Products to use.
- Recommendations for the client.
- Products for home use.
• Class 3: Treatment for circulatory problems, heavy legs and varicose
veins .
- Products to use.
- Recommendations for the client.
- Products for home use.
• Class 4: Vademecum of the products that we will use in each treatment.
- Therapeutic action.
- Active principles.
- Class 5: Skin care.
- The skin is the mirror of the body
- The psychology of the skin
- Body care before summer

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Class 1

Body treatment for localized adiposity

To obtain excellent results, each of these treatments is recommended

twice a week according to the problems of each client.

What do we understand by localized adiposity?

It is the increase in size of adipose cells in certain areas of the body.

In this case we will treat the laterotrochanteric area (riding pants).

We will begin by preparing a file for the client, where her personal
information will appear, name and surname, address, telephone number, etc.
We will also have to know if she is allergic to something, since some
product could give her a reaction although it is not common.
We will take your initial and final measurements each time you come
for the treatment, to show you how you are reducing in centimeters.

Materials that we will need for this treatment

_ Synthetic acrylic mitten.

_Polishing cream to exfoliate.
_ A soft sponge.
_ A hand towel.
_ Warm gel.
_Film.
_Thick brush or brush.
_ Cotton or elastic bandages.
_ Reducing cream.
_ Cold gel.
_ A blanket to cover the client.

Beginning of treatment.

Exfoliate the area to be treated with a mitt and polishing cream, using
circular movements. (With the client standing).

Rinse with a sponge soaked in water, dry the area with the hand towel.
Apply the warm gel by brushing on it, and then place the wrapping film.
Let it act for 15 minutes.

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 We remove the film and with the hand towel whatever is left of the
gel.
We brush on the cooling gel, wet the bandages in very cold water if
possible from a dispenser or refrigerator, wring them out and bandage the
area neatly without adjusting.
Let it act for 15 minutes.
If the client is cold, which is common, we will cover her with a blanket.
We remove the bandages and remove the gel with a hand towel.
With a reducing cream we will perform kneading maneuvers for 15 or
20 minutes, ending the treatment session.

Recommendations for the client

You can choose to do some physical activity in a gym, to reinforce the

treatment. If you do not have time, we will recommend 40 minutes of light
walking daily.

Products for home use.

A loofah or mitt to remove dead cells during daily bathing.

A reducing cream which will be applied after the bath, in the area
treated by the professional.
Class 2

Body treatment for sagging and stretch marks

What is flaccidity? What are stretch marks?

It is called flaccidity when the muscles do not have the corresponding

tone.
Stretch marks are broken tissues, and although we cannot remove
them and return them to normal, they can improve greatly.

Materials that we will need for this treatment.

_ Small brush.
_ Synthetic acrylic mitten.
_ Polishing cream to exfoliate.

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_ Three soft sponges.
_ Two hand wipes.
_ Ahas (40% glycolic acid).
_ Firming cream with seaweed.
_ Small glass container.

Start of treatment

In this case we will treat abdomen.

Exfoliate the abdomen with a mitt and polishing cream, always in a
circular manner.
Rinse with a sponge soaked in warm water, dry with a hand towel.
Place 20 drops of glycolic acid in a glass container, wet the brush and
brush over the abdomen without going over the same place twice.
Leave it on for between 5 and 10 minutes, monitoring the client very
closely since the length of time left depends on the sensitivity of each
person.
When it starts to burn, it is time to neutralize it with two sponges
soaked in very cold water, several times until the person no longer feels the
burning.
Dry the area with a hand towel, apply firming cream with seaweed with
a brush and wrap with film. Leave it to act for 5 minutes, remove the film,
beginning to massage in a circular motion in a clockwise direction.
In this way we end the session.
Recommendations for the client.

Exercises for flaccidity.

1. Hold a towel behind your neck with your hands at shoulder height.
Raise your arms above your head by bending at the elbows and pulling them
back to lengthen your chest muscles. Hold for 10-20 seconds and return to
the starting position. Do it 10 times.

2. With your legs apart, hold a towel with your hands above your head
with your arms straight. Tilt your waist to the left and hold for 10-20
seconds. Then do it to the right. Repeat the exercise 10 times on each side.

3. Keep the towel in the previous position and with your legs apart, flex
your right leg and bend your waist trying to bring your chest closer to your
bent knee, hold for 10-20 seconds and perform the exercise with the other
leg. Perform 10 times on each side.

4. Hold the towel behind your back with your right hand above your
head and your left hand below your waist. Slowly pull the towel down while

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your right arm offers some resistance. Hold for 10-20 seconds and perform
the exercise changing arms 10 times.

5. Sit on a hard mattress and begin to move your legs in a bicycle

motion while remaining supported with your elbows and your body slightly
reclined. Perform the movements for at least 1 minute.

6. In the same position as before, extend your legs and raise them,
with respect to the ground, between 25 and 45 degrees. Then return to the
starting position and start again. Perform the exercise 10 times.

7. Once again in the same position, hold a cushion or cushion with your
knees and press with them, holding for 1 second and relaxing. Repeat the
operation 10-15 times.

8. Sit on the mattress and in an Indian position, hold a cushion in front

of you with your back very straight and with your arms slightly bent, press it
firmly and hold for 1 second. Repeat 10 times.

9. Stand on your knees on the floor with your legs together, your body
stretched out and your arms raised together. In this position, lower your
body slowly to one side and hold the position for 15 seconds. Then switch to
the other side and perform the exercise 10 times.

10. Lie face down on a hard mattress and raise one arm straight in
front of you while raising the opposite leg. Hold your limbs up for a second
and immediately change arms and legs. Repeat it 10 times.

After performing the plank and even during exercise, it is advisable to

drink plenty of water.

Products for home use.

You should exfoliate every day with a mitten during the bath, dry your
body well and apply vitamin C and E gel.

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Class 3

Treatment for circulatory problems, heavy legs and varicose veins

This treatment leaves the legs light, deflated and with a fresh feeling
as it activates blood circulation and helps release toxins adhered to the muscle
wall.

Materials we need for this treatment.

_ Thermal water with mist sprayer.

_ Two towels.
_ Two nylon bags.
_ Volcanic mud.
_Film.
_ Cold gel.
_ A hand towel.

Beginning of treatment.

Wet two towels in very cold water, twist them well and place them in
the nylon bags separately in the freezer. Mist the legs with thermal water,
brush them with volcanic mud in a thin layer, and wrap them with film.

Let it act for 15 minutes. Remove the film and remove the mud with a
sponge soaked in warm water. Place the well-frozen towels on your legs. Leave
the legs for a while until the towels defrost in an elevated position with
respect to the rest of the body. Dry with a hand towel and apply cold gel
upwards, from ankles to thighs.
In this way we end the treatment.

Recommendations for the client. Exercises at home

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 TO )
In a "firm" position, rise on the balls of
On the balls of your bare feet, walk your feet and then lower yourself
with small steps for 5 minutes. slowly. Repeat it 20 times.

lie down in bed

Raise your legs and lower them slowly.
Do this until you can achieve 3 sets of
10.

Move your legs like a bicycle. Do it 50

times
Raise your leg slowly and hold it as
shown in the figure, then raise it to
90°, release it and lower it slowly. Do it
in 3 sets of 10 with each leg.

Lying on the bed, do back and forth

SA
Turn your feet from the outside in 30
30 times. times.
8

9
Turn your feet inside out 30 times.
Move your fingers forward as far as
you can and then back. Repeat it 30
times.

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Products for home use.

It will be recommended that you apply cold jul after daily bathing. (This
can be applied two to three times a day).

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Class 4

Vademecum of the products used in each of the treatments

• Exfoliating polishing cream.

Therapeutic action: It is suitable for use before performing certain

body treatments, to refine the stratum corneum of the skin and thus remove
dead cells.

Active ingredients: Brown algae extract, ivy, gotu kola, yerba mate and
polishing agents in higher concentration.

• Warm gel.

Therapeutic action: Raises the local temperature of the treated area,

which acts directly on localized adiposity, with great lipolytic effect.

Active ingredients: Tincture of calypso, camphor and methyl salicylate.

• Reducing cream.

Therapeutic action: Good lipolytic effect in those people who wish to

reduce centimeters in certain areas.

Active ingredients: Ivy, gotu kola and yerba mate.

• Cold gel.

Therapeutic action: Lipolytic action that acts directly on skin with

adiposity. The combination of brown algae extract, ivy, gotu kola and yerba
mate is capable of promoting the repair process of orange peel skin (cellulite).

Active ingredients: Brown algae extract, ivy, centella asiatica yerba

mate and menthol.

• Micro burst algae.

Therapeutic action: Algae have high quality trace elements and muco
polysaccharides, improving the internal circulatory and lymphatic environment.

Active ingredients: Powdered brown algae.

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• Aha .

Therapeutic action: Progressive peeling of the skin, incredibly thinning

the stretch marks and giving the skin good adhesion to the muscle.

• Firming cream with seaweed.

Therapeutic action: Firms and tones tissues, maintaining skin moisture,

increasing its elasticity to prevent the formation of stretch marks and reduce
existing ones.

Active ingredients: Brown algae extract, ivy, gotu kola.

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SKIN CARE

The skin is the mirror of the body

The skin, a permeable border that delimits the inner world from the
outside, has, on the one hand, the function of being a true protective shell
and, on the other, the main organ of communication of all the stimuli received
from the outside, no matter how subtle and delicate they may be. It is the
largest organ in the human body with a surface area of 2 square meters, a
weight of 4 kilos and 0.2 millimeters of epidermis that protects us from heat,
cold, dust, and thousands of bacteria that are lurking waiting for the moment
to enter and of all types of attacks to which she is subjected daily. In short,
he is a brain on the surface.

The mirror of the body

It is not easy to maintain healthy skin because in fact it is not easy to

know how to properly maintain health. The health of the skin depends on the
state of purity of the blood and for it to remain in this state, it is necessary
to keep the different organs healthy and in full capacity. Skin signs are
obvious signs of the state of the body in its entirety. From the point of view
of natural medicine, the skin is considered a third lung, making reference to
the function it performs of eliminating metabolic waste substances and the
work of cutaneous respiration, both of utmost importance for health.
Given the relationship of the skin with all the internal organs, it is
known that the origin of many of its disorders is found in hormonal
alterations, a toxic, poorly combined or unbalanced diet, chronic constipation
and infectious foci in the mouth.

What is outside is inside

The skin accumulates, or rather, is deposited in it, metabolic toxins,
bacteria, and other waste substances that must be eliminated. The body uses
the accumulating function of the skin when it cannot free itself from excess
substances to be eliminated. Among the aphorisms of the most famous doctor
of antiquity who is still called the father of medicine today, Hippocrates (460
BC) is: "...all diseases are cured by some evacuation through the mouth or
anus, through the bladder or through another emuntory. "The sweat organ is
one of the main organs and common to all evils." That is, many waste
substances are stored and neutralized in the skin, the body odor of many
individuals being an eloquent example of this.
Only this process shows us that the body has serious difficulties in its
eliminatory function and that it needs immediate help. If, in addition, we stop

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poisoning it through an excess of acidifying foods such as refined sugars,
meats, cow's milk and white flour, the result will be a drainage of the skin
tissue that will preserve the smoothness and defensive capacity of the skin in
perfect condition. Frugal eating, based on natural juices, fruit diets or even
fasting, allows the intestine to be thoroughly cleaned, the skin will thus be
able to rid itself of all waste materials, recovering its normal function and
color.

The psychology of the skin

The skin has a close relationship with the mental state of the
individual. In it, feelings and emotions such as shame or anguish (blush) are
reflected with notable eloquence; fear (paleness, erection of hair due to the
contraction of its tiny skin muscles) and anxiety (sweating).
Since the formation of the human embryo, it can be seen how the skin
is closely related to the nervous system, since in fact both organs develop
from the same embryological layer. The saying already says it; "Having
sensitivity on the surface."
Let Hahnemann's (creator of Homeopathy) law of healing be fulfilled,
which stated that the fundamental tendency of the organism is to move a
morbid process from an important organ to another less essential for life,
this is precisely what happens when alterations appear in the skin, which when
suppressed, displace the "morbidity" to another part of the body, generally
more serious.

Anti-free radicals

For years now, there has been research on "free radicals", highly
reactive chemical fragments that can break the membranes of our cells and
destroy their nuclei by oxidizing them excessively. From here on, antioxidants
have become fashionable; vitamins, minerals, trace elements present in the
foods in our diet that exert a protective action against cellular old age and
therefore against free radicals.

In fact, without the need for external help, our body already has
substances that play the role of defense, they are the antioxidant enzymes
that the body synthesizes from the food we eat and in the amount
proportional to the volume of free radicals generated by the body itself.
human metabolism.
The antioxidants present in the diet increase the level of antioxidant
enzymes in the cells, thus vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, carotenes,
Flavonoids, sulfur amino acids (Methionine and Cysteine) and Coenzyme Q-10,

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are the The most powerful antioxidants are obtained by eating a diet rich in
carrots, seaweed, oilseeds (nuts), whole grains, citrus fruits, berries, onions,
parsley, green tea, black wine, black must and vegetable oils.

Nutrition and hydration

The two basic pillars for skin care are high hydration and correct
nutrition of fatty substances. By meeting these two requirements, the skin
correctly exercises its main function; the protection.
Ripe fruits, typical of the season, intense green leaves and vegetables
of all kinds should play the most important role in the skin's diet, as they are
the group of foods that contain the most water and also provide salts.
minerals, trace elements, enzymes, chlorophyll and vitamins essential for
health. Naturopathic diets recommend a minimum of two daily servings of
fruit and four servings (one serving is a normal full plate) of vegetables and
greens per day, preferably raw or steamed to take better advantage of all
their nutrients.
Lipids or fats have a special function for the skin, as they are part of
the hydrolipid mantle that covers it to protect us from external aggressions.
Despite the bad reputation of fats, without them it is impossible to maintain
smooth and shiny skin. That is why first cold-pressed seed oils such as sesame
nourish deeply and give the skin a more vital appearance. Of course, virgin
olive oil and all fats that are naturally liquid at room temperature are the
healthiest as long as we take them raw, that is, without frying or heating.
For skin health, it is important to consume a high level of
polyunsaturated lipids, which are all those mentioned above, plus sunflower,
pumpkin and sesame seeds, which also contain

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 a large amount of essential fatty acids. They are consumed raw in
salads and sandwiches.
Germinated seeds possess all the vital force and energy of a future
plant and therefore highly potent regenerative properties and exceptional
nutritional value. Alfalfa is one of the most refreshing, rich in vitamin C, iron,
pro-vitamin A and chlorophyll, a pigment that all green plants contain and that
plays an important purifying and revitalizing function. All sprouted seeds are
added raw directly to salads, they are also fantastic in gazpacho or cold
vegetable creams, as well as inside sandwiches or tortillas.
Simply put, the skin needs a simple, frugal, whole-grain, low-salt diet.

Body care before summer

When the heat begins it is a good

time to take action and improve the
texture of the skin.

When the heat begins, we begin to

take off our clothes, and we discover the
problems that winter leaves behind: dry
skin, hands and feet with cracks and
calluses, extra kilos, etc. So it's a good time to take action and improve the
texture of the skin, preparing it for an even tan and taking care of the hair
before the sun reaches it. But be careful, because this cannot be achieved
with one day of treatment, but with perseverance, day by day, we will reach
summer in optimal shape.

Body skin
In winter the skin thickens, therefore it must be polished for the
summer. It involves performing a dry massage that can be done at home,
filling the steam bath imitating a sauna, and staying there for 15 minutes.
Then, with a vegetable glove, make upward circular movements from your feet
to your neck.
Another polishing method is through granulated creams or gels for this
purpose, which are normally sold in perfume stores, and which are applied
under the shower.
To hydrate, if your body skin is dry, you can choose neutral, almond,
walnut or coconut oil. For all skin types there is a diverse variety of creams
with vitamins A, D, E, ginseng, aloe vera, collagen and others.

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facial skin
We must start with deep cleaning, hydration and nutrition. To clean,
use dermatological cream or soap, always start with the T zone (forehead,
nose and chin), continue through the cheekbones and descend to the neck with
circular movements, without applying much pressure with your fingers.
You can polish with granulated cream to remove dead cells, and thus
prevent the tan from being uneven later.
Creams with vitamin C are very moisturizing, collagen, elastin, vitamin A and E
are also recommended.

The hair
It's time to start with cream baths and ampoules to repair damaged
ends. If you are going to have highlights, keep in mind that the sun lightens
the color and gives greater luminosity, so choose a darker tone than you
usually use.
Gels and creams with sunscreen are ideal for preserving your hair
before going to the beach or pool. In any case, it is advisable to make a good
cut when you return from vacation to eliminate dry and split ends caused by
the sun, wind, chlorine or salt.

Deep cleaning

Deep cleansing of the skin is only a superficial cleansing of the skin to

which
It adds a decontamination or an exfoliation or peeling, avoiding manual
extraction.

Cleaning with Descaling

Its purpose is to eliminate excess sebum from oily and seborrheic skin.
So that
This occurs, the saponification process occurs, which is the galbanic current
by which alkaline ions such as sodium, form soda on the negative electrode
soaked in cotton and this soda joins with the sebum fat of the skin forming
soaps. They dissolve in water and in this way the sebaceous glands are easily
cleaned, the intensity used is 2 to 3 milliamps, and its application time
depends on the condition of the skin, but is normally 5 to 7 minutes. The
substances used formed by alkaline ions are carbonate, chloride, bicarbonate.
The client removes metal objects because of the substances they contain.
Check that the ammeter is at zero, the active electrode will always be
connected in negative polarity.

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 The passive electrode can be a plate or a bar that touches the model.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

If in the same session some peeling or exfoliation is done, I do not

know how to do descaling nor on: wounds, inflammations, tumors, eczema,
papules, pustules and in general any anomaly.

INDICATIONS

In oily and seborrheic skin but not in papular or pustular acne.

In acneic skin, descaling is usually done only in comedone areas such as
the nose, but never on the pimples.
If we want to introduce the positive sodium into the follicle for a few
seconds so that the soap forms inside the follicular sac, we have to first pass
the positive electrode for the minimum part of the total time.
The soda continues to form on the negative electrode, what happens is
that it is now the model that is negatively charged because therefore the
positive sodium ion continues to bind to the negative pole, which is why
saponification is formed in the follicle. This technique will be used on skin
that can withstand it since it is more aggressive than the general technique,
such as very thick and very oily skin, which is generally very protected skin.

DEEP CLEANSING WITH PEELING OR EXFOLIATION

It is recommended: in very dry, devitalized, stiff, wrinkled, oily,

seborrheic, dehydrated skin, with a thick corneal layer, it does not have to
have acne, stretch marks, scars, pigment spots.

Not recommended: on irritated skin, in pustular and papular acnes,

before and after exposure to ultraviolet rays, co-managed, sensitized skin,
wounds, bruises, in areas with eczema, and in general any skin alteration.
It is important to note that manual extractions of the peeled section
are not advisable, but this depends on the type of peeling and the type of
skin.

EXFOLIANTS

They are so aptly called peelings, what they do is a complete and

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accelerated desquamation of the corneal layer, causing a weak dermal
inflammation.
The components of the product eliminate the keratinized stratum,
which frees the epidermis of waste substances and dead cells. Since ancient
times, it has been exfoliated, using very fine sand mixed with animal fat,
pumice stone, etc., today this procedure is called abrasion and is usually
widely used on surfaces where there is a thick corneal layer.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Due to their chemical composition they are divided into:

Chemical exfoliant: only used by a doctor
Biological exfoliant: composed of animal enzymes such as pepsin or
vegetable enzymes such as papain
Vegetable scrub: its composition includes preparations with mushrooms
and bark.

INDICATIONS

Damaged, senile, wrinkled, dehydrated skin.

Skin with light and superficial scars, not very deep wrinkles, stretch
marks, and imperfections on the surface of the skin. Pigmentary spots.

MAIN EFFECTS

By eliminating the corneal layer, it reduces the inequality in the skin

surface, which reduces the difference in relief.
By eliminating the corneal layer, it allows clearer visualization of the
capillaries of the dermis, thereby increasing and brightening the color of the
skin.
It is used in cases of wrinkles, due to its properties of unifying the
skin relief.
Promotes blood circulation.

EXFOLIATION FREQUENCY.
Regarding the frequency of use of the exfoliant, no fixed rules can be
given but only guidelines, as it depends on the concentration of the product
and the sensitivity of the skin, but in general terms the following assessment
can be indicative:
_ oily skin: biweekly
_ dry skin. Every two months

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_ sensitive and senile skin. Two or three times a year.
Always taking into account the name of the commercial company
guarantees the product and the sensitivity of the skin.

INDICATIONS

Dermatitis, allergic reactions, in very sensitive and crusty skin, before

or after exposure to the sun, wounds, eczema, herpes, cysts, tumors, in acne
in the evolutionary period, it cannot be performed as a regular treatment.

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NAIL TREATMENT COURSE

SYLLABUS

sculpted nails
Nail care
Nail care tips

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SCULPTED NAILS 1

Sculpted nails - implant: Extension of the nail with acrylic-ecological-

organic resins, which protect, give the desired length and resistance to
natural nails. 70% of the extension systems in the world belong to techniques
of this type, since it is the one that provides the greatest resistance to
impact.

Extensions with silk or fiberglass tip: These are plastic extensions that
are glued from the tip of the nail to prolong it. Then, to reinforce the bond,
the entire nail and tip are covered with silk or polyamide fabrics that,
together with the adhesive, will make a plastic coating that surrounds the
natural nail.

Gels: They are plastic gel derivatives that form protective layers on
our nails, giving them greater rigidity and beautifying them. These can be
hardened with a halogen light lamp or without a lamp.
Ideal system for weak or brittle nails.

For all of these systems there are specialized placement centers,

however care must be taken to ensure that they comply with Public Health
control requirements since there have been several important alterations in
nails that have had an acrylic that is not suitable for extensions applied.
Special care should be taken in cases with hypersensitivity (allergy) to
toxic acrylic products that are not suitable for natural nails, such as
industrial acrylic resins used in sculpture, dental prostheses or adhesives for
home use.

The alterations occur in 5 stages:

1) Swelling and swelling of the hyponychium and perinychium.

2) Distortion, dystrophy and atrophy of the nail matrix.

3) Pain and burning sensation at the distal end of the fingers.

4) Detachment of the nail plate (onycholysis)

5) Fall of the nail plate with consequent keratinization of the matrix.

The worst thing about all this is that the total growth of the nails is
canceled for periods of 3 to 6 months. Background similar to this appears in
the Medical University of New York, in Dr. Fisher's Dermatology book
(Hypersensitization to methyl methacrylate).

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 It is emphasized that true nail extension products do not cause any
alteration, since they are controlled by Public Health.

SCULPTED NAILS 2

NAILS...Extension with gels.

We all admire the beauty of certain hands that seem straight out of a
movie. Just as various treatments allow us to have soft, stain-free hands, we
must not fail to recognize that a relevant aspect of them is, without a doubt,
the nails.
Our client may have achieved, after these treatments, the desired
hands or what is closest to her desires. However, if the nails do not
accompany the outfit, it is difficult for the hands to show off the harmony
and stylization sought.
Many problems arise with weak and brittle nails, or with those clients
who have "bitten their nails" for years, giving their fingers an unpleasant and
unfeminine appearance.
For this, the help of elements is required that allow those nails to
obtain a natural and refined style.

LAMP WITH GELS

A novelty in nail treatment is the gel extension system with a UV light

booth.
This cabin is provided with two tubes that emit ultraviolet light, which
allows acting on the photosensitizing component of the gels, homogenizing
them, and thus achieving the necessary hardness and resistance according to
the exposure time, which varies with each one. of the gels.
This modern gel technique is aimed exclusively at cosmetology and
cosmiatry because its use constitutes a true treatment, as it promotes
cleaning and disinfection, as well as protecting the growth of natural nails
that break easily, flake, and are weak. and reluctant to natural growth.
In addition, they are used to perform the sculpted nail service in just
minutes.

GREATER SECURITY

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 This system favors the protection of both the professional and the
client from infectious diseases, since it requires asepsis and antisepsis of
both the client and the professional, to which is added the action of UV rays,
which does not allows the development of certain bacteria
Unlike traditional systems that used powder and liquid, and that
require the use of a drill whose vibration damages the nail matrix, this new
technique consists of gel-based products that are homogenized in a UV light
booth. They do not damage the nail bed. They are characterized because they
have no height, which means that their growth is not noticeable and,
therefore, the nail looks very natural. In addition, the gels preserve the
natural colors (the pink of the nail bed and the white of the free edge), and
are finished with an unalterable shine gel.

THE THREE APPLICATION TECHNIQUES

We find three application techniques:

• Natural nail treatment that consists of strengthening and covering

natural nails.
• Tips with gels: application of acrylic tips or tips and, on top of that, the
gel.
• Gel extension: it is done with pink and white gel, creating a free edge
on a mold that did not exist.

As for the completion time, the work is approximately one and a half
hours, and the duration of the system depends on the growth of each nail, and
is 15 to 21 days.
This system offers greater naturalness, transparency and significantly
reduces application time.
In a short time, the color, strength and shine of your nails can be
improved.

THE GELS

Each gel is a blend of aminopolymer resins, unique for its ultra-clarity,

self-leveling properties, mirror-like shine, flexibility, and resistance to
cracking and breaking.
It provides lateral adhesion and a parabolic reflection system, which
ensure an excellent finish.
The advantage is that, once applied, they allow you to carry out any
type of activity, whether at home, in the office or in the workshop, and
completely prevent "exercising" the habit of biting or biting your nails, which
we talked about before.
Building nails with gels allows the natural nail to breathe normally, due

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to its porosity and components of the formula, which means a true treatment,
since the nails grow normally and protected and, after a certain time, the
client is going to show off her own nails
Also, and precisely due to the aforementioned porosity, an adequate
medium is not generated for the development of fungus, fungi, etc.
In addition, they can be renewed at the base when they result in
accelerated growth, or filed at the end, if they become too long.

ITS BENEFITS

In summary, we can say that among the benefits offered by the use of
the gel lamp is the absence of odors, something so unpleasant inside the
cabinet. It requires very little filing, is easy to apply and does not require the
use of a lathe. Its maintenance is very easy, and the client can see that their
nails look really beautiful and, fundamentally, they feel like their own, which
allows them to move with total freedom and safety.
In just a few minutes, the aesthetic professional can provide her client
with a service that quickly beautifies her hands.
We must always keep in mind that the extensive selection of services
immediately increases the potential income in the office.

NAIL CARE

Your nails are the reflection of your personality and can be your best
business card. Every detail counts.

To have nails in good health and avoid nail fragility, you must take
certain care:

-Do not eat your nails or cuticles.

-To combat maceration, protect nails from soaps and detergents (use cotton
gloves covered with rubber gloves in domestic work).

-To wash your hands, use cold water better than hot water.

-Nails should preferably be cut after bathing.

-It is better to file your nails carefully than to cut them.

-The abuse of polish (especially quick-drying polish) dries out the nail and
makes it brittle. The solvent (based on acetone) dries out the nail root.

SOME RECIPES

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 *To fight against the mania of nail biting (onychophagia), you must first
overcome the shyness, stress and anxiety that accompanies this mania. You
can also try a cure of vitamins B1, B2 and D. You can also use Aloes tincture on
your nails.

*To whiten yellowed nails, rub them with white vinegar.

*To clean the bottom, use a soft brush with baking soda water.

*To whiten your nails, soak them in 250 ml of hot water and a spoonful
of hydrogen peroxide twice a week, for ten minutes.

*To improve the resistance of nails and cuticles, rub for ten minutes
with a mixture of 50 ml of warm olive oil and a vitamin E capsule.

*For fragile nails: let them soak in a mixture of mineral water and algae
powder (rich in silicon).

NAILS ARE THE REFLECTION OF OUR HEALTH

Nails with black bands

Nails with black bands like "bar codes" may be caused by hormonal
problems. Pregnancy and treatment with antimalarial drugs.

Nails with white spots

They are not related, as is believed, to a lack of calcium. Sometimes

they are associated with thyroid gland problems.

Nails with yellow spots

They are associated with heavy cigarette consumption (smokers' spots)

but are also found in patients who have received treatment with antibiotics
from the tetracycline family.

Thick and weak nails

This type of nail comes off at the points where it joins the finger.
They are found in psoriasis patients.

Domed and gray nails

Also called "watch glass" shape. They are found in people with chronic
heart or lung problems.

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Dry and brittle nails

Dry and brittle nails are the result of a lack of vitamins A, B or E but
are also due to a lack of iron or calcium.

concave nails

This can translate into a lack of iron, chronic anemia or even a liver
problem.

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What can I do to make my manicure last?

1. Always wash your hands after removing makeup from your nails with
solvent. The residue, although microscopic, can prevent the lacquer from
adhering.

2. Drop the drop of lacquer in the middle of the nail and then spread it
on each side, without excess.

3. Experts recommend applying a base coat first, followed by two coats

of lacquer and a protective gloss coat.

4. To lengthen your manicure, apply an additional coat of protective gloss

every two days.

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NAIL CARE TRICKS
It is possible to correct the shape and size of your nails, although each
type of nail needs a different treatment. It is also possible to know what
type of color suits best at any given time or for each type of skin.

The tricks will tell you.

• The shape and size of the nails can be corrected very slightly with the
file and polish

• On short, wide nails, the edges should be allowed to grow and never
filed down to the flesh; the shape, slightly oval.

• On elongated almond-shaped nails, they are filed respecting the shape

of the angle, that is, oval.

• On triangular nails, they must be filed respecting millimeters of edge.

• Long rectangular nails are filed straight, without sharpening the edges,
following a line perpendicular to the finger.

• And round nails are filed into an oval, letting the edges grow a little to
increase their length.

• The base is essential, even under a transparent polish, to protect the

nails and set the lacquer.

• The lacquer dries in a few minutes, but is not completely dry until
after 30 minutes.

• Essential oils, some soaps, and some hand creams can darken the tone.

• After the second coat, run the brush along the edge of each nail and
do the same with the fixative.

• Long hot baths are not good for your nails as they dehydrate you.

• Nail brushes should have stiff bristles to clean bacteria well and not
separate the edge of the nail.

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• Nail polish should never be dried in the sun, not over a heat source, as
this causes it to rise quickly and the base to turn yellow.

• You should not apply nail polish just before or after bathing because
humidity, such as grease, prevents its adhesion.

• To dry the polish instantly, run your fingers under cold water a few
minutes after applying it.

• If the color overflows onto the skin, press a cotton swab soaked in
makeup remover right on the stain.

• The choice of nail tone is a matter of taste, natural, discreet tones,

which follow the variations of the natural flesh (ivory, white, matte,
beige, light pink) are favorable on all nails.

• The range of beige and all whites are in perfect harmony with white
skins.

• Pale pinks favor matte or dark skin.

• The transparent ones are superb but only on impeccable nails; If not, it
is better to choose beige.

• Bright reds enhance very white or downright matte skin.

• Pinks stand out on slightly dark skin.

• Burgundy shades are best suited to short, square nails.

• Pearlescent ones must be used carefully because they can attract a lot
of attention.

• Plum tones should be worn on short nails and white skin.

• Very dark tones should go on short nails and best on light skin . Black , a marginal
color in nail polishes , should be reserved for very special moments .

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MASSAGE COURSE

Basic Knowledge

Basic rules
The massage technique is not difficult, in fact it is an instinctive gesture in
many actions of daily life, from caressing a baby to rubbing a joint when it
hurts. In any case, so that we can fully enjoy the massage and its many
benefits, there is some basic knowledge that we should know.

• Every massage should be pleasant. In this way, we must avoid sudden

or painful movements.
• You must concentrate on what you do and be attentive to the
sensations that are experienced.
• The rhythm of the massage is very
important. The movements cause
waves that will spread throughout the
body.
• The same massage technique can be
stimulating or relaxing, everything will
depend on the way it is applied. A
strong, rough massage is invigorating;
while a slow and regular one can relax and calm.
• The gestures should be soft on the bony areas and stronger or more
vigorous on the muscles.

• Taking care of your hands is very important. The masseuse must have
careful, soft hands. It is also important to take care of your nails, to
make the most of the massage capacity with the fingertips.
• You cannot give the massage with dry hands, directly on the skin. For
massages, use massage oils: they will make your hands slide better and
maximize the effect of the massage.

• The masseuse must have very clean hands, washing before and after
the massage.
• The masseuse must remove rings, bracelets and watches so as not to
harm the person who is going to massage and the hair (both of the
masseuse and the patient) must always be tied up.

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 • During the massage, play relaxing or calm music in the background, as
it benefits the relaxation and well-being of the person to whom the
massage is being performed.
• The masseuse must warm up (prior to the massage) the flexibility of
the hand and wrist through exercises, to avoid injuries.
• The position that the patient must adopt during the massage must be
very comfortable to achieve the greatest possible relaxation.
• The position that the masseuse must adopt during the massage must
be very comfortable to avoid fatigue and muscle injuries.
• Work on the small bumps you notice under the skin. They are rigid,
tense or blocked areas that have clusters of muscle fibers.
• You must take into account the situations in which it is not advisable
to apply a massage.
• Concentrate when you do the massages, try to capture the energy that
the patient has at that moment to transform it and make it beneficial
for them.
• You need to practice the massage a lot, so that your hands get used to
the movements and pick up on any anomaly on the skin. Don't despair
at first, it's quite difficult, but it's as if you were learning to play the
piano. PRACTICE, PRACTICE AND MORE PRACTICE.

Massage Techniques

Massage Technique

In this section we will find the different techniques or movements that we

can do to give massages.

Kneading

Kneading is one of the key massage movements. It is applied with the whole

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hand, grabbing and squeezing each part of the body. We must work complete
muscle groups.
If we use both hands the sensations will be more pleasant. To do this we must
continually alternate the work of pressing and releasing.
We must be careful with very sudden maneuvers, as they can injure blood
vessels and subcutaneous tissues.

The benefits of this technique are that it increases blood flow, stimulates
muscle metabolism and peels off the different layers of the skin, as well as
helping to eliminate lactic acid and accumulated toxins.

Within the Kneading we must distinguish several types:

Guy Technique Indications

The most suitable areas

It consists of using only the tips of for this technique are
Kneading your fingers to make small circles in the forehead, hair,
Digital different directions: ribs, sternum and pubic
Centrifugal sense, when we want to area.
diffuse discomfort, and centripetal if
we want to tone.

Traditional maneuver in oriental

therapies. It consists of hitting
Hammer It is used in areas of
gently with a closed fist using the
kneading the back and shoulders.
fleshy base of the little finger.
The blow should be soft and not deep.

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 In this technique, the knuckle of the The most appropriate
Kneading with index finger and the thumb are used places for this
knuckles to perform the massages, pinching movement are the back,
quickly. legs and arms.

Kneading with With a closed fist, press with your Apply only to specific
the fist knuckles. areas of the back.

It consists of joining a piece of skin Optimal for places such

Kneading with with both thumbs in places where as the cervical or
both thumbs great precision is necessary. intercostal vertebrae.

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Massage Techniques -> Massage Techniques 2

Massage Technique 2

In this section we will find new techniques that we can do to give massages.

Name Technique Properties

It serves to give a quick

It involves gently rubbing the skin. rest and remove
To do this we will use the fingertips emotional tensions.
friction continuously. The surface to be With this movement
treated must be large and we can do the energy is
it with one or two coats. distributed equally
throughout the
patient's body.

Long, slow and rhythmic movements This movement would be

Glide on the skin, executed with the palm the one we use to apply
of the hand, alternating them. the oil.

With this technique we try to find Relaxes the digestive

deep areas where there are knots, organs, back and lumbar
Rub which we will undo with our pain. In athletes as a
fingertips. The movement must be treatment after
circular and vibratory, avoiding linear exertion (prevents
pressures. soreness).

Being a thick pinch

We place the four fingers in
improves muscle tone.
Pinch opposition to the thumb, forming a
Especially indicated for
kind of clamp and elevating the area.
sagging.

cupped hands Hitting the area to be treated by Activation of capillary

cupping the hands. circulation.

Percussion We must press with all four It's about a

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 fingers of the hand simultaneously decongestant and
and ascending. analgesic movement.

They improve lymphatic

It consists of passing the fingertips circulation and release
gently over the skin, following the emotional burdens.
direction of the nerve networks, They also have a very
Passes
increasing or decreasing the speed important sedative
depending on the effect we want to effect. It is applied in a
produce. special way to the head.

Place your hands parallel and

Torsion perform simultaneous counter- Helps eliminate toxins.
turning movements with both hands.

It is usually used as a
rapid muscle relaxation
mechanism, since since
it is a stimulating
This movement is performed with
effect, the muscle
tapping small taps with the edge of the hand
remains warm and
on the area to be massaged.
active, but without the
contractures that
prevented it from
continuing to function.

Back and Neck Massages

Back massage
The person who is going to receive the
massage should be lying face down.
Before starting, you should know that the
massages are performed from the neck to
the sacral area, and have to be deep and
slow movements, with the thumbs around
the spine. Movements up, down and
towards the shoulders.
Follow this progression that we are going to present to you so that your back

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massages are totally pleasant and healthy.

• We will begin by bending the arm towards the back, and massaging the
edge of the shoulder blade from top to bottom, firmly but gently, with
four fingers.
• With the kneading technique, on both sides of the spine from the neck
to the sacrum, slow and deep. With this we will be able to loosen muscle
tension.
• With the fists, we slide them to the sides of the spine from the neck
to the sacrum, there we separate the hands to the sides and we go up,
sliding the hands in an undulating way along the entire back until we
reach the shoulder where we slide towards the neck area where we will
return lets start.
• The same type of massage but supporting the palm of the hand from
the shoulders to the hips. With the sliding technique, with the whole
hand, all over the back, from the neck to the hips, opening to the sides,
return to the starting position. We do this turn by barely sliding our
hands so as not to lose contact with the patient.
• The last movement will be sliding on the neck, shoulders and down the
arms to the hands.

The repetitions of these steps depend on you, the patient's well-being with
the movement or their needs.

Neck Massage

Follow this progression that we are going to present to you so that your neck
massages are totally pleasant and healthy.

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 • We start with a gentle kneading massage and small pinches towards the
nape of the neck, starting from the center of the neck.
• With three fingers of each hand, we will make ascending and vibrating
movements from the corner of the chest
to the chin.
• Kneading from the base of the neck
towards one shoulder and then towards
the other.
• We raise the patient's head slowly, we
take it very gently to the side holding the
chin with one hand, with the other we
knead the side of the neck up to the shoulders, first on one side and
then on the other.

• We hold the head, one hand on the top and the other on the chin. We
gently turn it to both sides.
• We rest our head on our arms again and massage our shoulders.
• We finish with pressure on the arms from the shoulder to the wrists,
and returning to the shoulder in the same way.

The repetitions of these steps depend on you, the patient's well-being with
the movement or their needs.

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Foot Massage

Foot massage

• We hold the right foot with the left hand, we place the thumb on the
head of the metatarsals and the four fingers on the instep. With the
right hand we massage the fingers in an ascending manner,
accentuating the massage on the tips of the fingers.
• With both hands, work the sides of the foot
upwards.
• We take the Achilles tendon with the thumb
and index fingers, and we massage it upwards
over the tendon, supporting the leg.
• We work the instep with the entire open
hand in an ascending manner.
• We perform leg flexion movements on the
thigh. We use the left hand holding the knee
firmly. We gently bend the leg over the
thigh, reaching the limit without causing pain.
Extend the leg without separating the left
hand from the knee, while with the right we
gently pull the heel until reaching full extension.
• Once we carry out this entire progression of movements with the right
foot, we move on to the left and work it in the same way.

Leg massages
First we begin with a palpation of the area, to relax the leg.

• We start with pinches from the malleolus, until we reach the kneecap.
Then with your hands on the tibialis posterior and tibialis anterior,
always in an ascending manner, pinch and knead with your whole hand,
going deep into the kneecap and the core of the knee.

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 • We finish with soft and firm gliding massages.

• We must perform the same movements on the inside of the leg.

• For the posterior area, we will massage the Achilles tendon in the form
of pinches. From the posterior tibialis, taking in an ascending and
rotating manner towards the popliteal fossa, we perform a gentle
kneading and sliding, finishing the massage with gentle rubbing of the
knuckles and clapping.

Abdominal Massage
Massages of the Abdominal area For this massage the patient must lie face
up.

• Using the pads of our fingers we begin with a soft but firm movement.
It is an exploratory movement.
• From the pubic area, we make gentle circular sliding movements. We
continue placing one hand on
top of the other, applying
pressure with the heel of
the hand in a circular
manner.
• From the rectus abdominis
major, we pinch upward
towards the transverse
abdominis, greater and
lesser oblique. Then we will continue towards the diaphragm, with
cupped hands and bring the adipose tissue towards the center of the
abdomen.
• We will end with a

kneading movement in the center of the belly.

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Arm Massages
Follow this progression that we are going to present to you so that your arm
massages are totally pleasant and healthy.

• We begin with hand and wrist mobilizations. We place the thumbs on

the back and the four fingers on the palm and flex the sides downward.
• We hold the arm with the left hand, the right hand takes it finger by
finger, making rotational movements and releasing them abruptly.
• We perform a digital massage on the wrist joint, and also on the dorsal
and palmar areas.
• Pinch movements from wrist to shoulder.
• Work with the entire arm kneading technique.
• Digital massage on the shoulder joint. Type of digital massage, placing
the four fingers in the anterior part.
• We press with both hands together from the armpit to the wrist, then
returning with the same movement towards the armpit.
• Finish the massage by holding the patient's hand with your hands and
gently shaking it.

Waist massages
This massage is highly recommended to reduce waist:

• We place our palms well supported on the skin and, working alternately,
one hand goes and the other comes, crossing the thumbs in front

• We perform pinches at the waist.

• We will complete the massage with three movements of knuckle

rubbing and soft, firm clapping, in an ascending manner.

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Shiatsu Massage

Shiatsu Massage
Shiatsu is a Japanese technique that is based on acupuncture or acupressure.
Shiatsu benefits the body and mind. The purpose of this massage is to
restore physical balance and
energy of the human being.
Although Shiatsu means “pressure with the
fingers”, it can be applied in various ways: with the
thumbs, with the palm extended, the forearms,
elbows, knees and feet.
Shiatsu helps relax the muscles and open the
energy channels that the body has. By opening
these energy channels, the body's energy can flow
freely. The flow of energy can be obstructed by
emotional problems, stress... If energy cannot
move freely it causes physical and emotional
illnesses.
Therefore, we see that Shiatsu is beneficial in
preventing diseases. Although it has many other benefits and positive
effects.

Its therapeutic effects are:

• Regulates the activity of the Autonomous Nervous System and

promotes its relaxation.
• Treats various body disorders: insomnia, stress, migraines, neck pain,
agitation, nervousness, back pain, waist pain, menstrual disorders,
gastrointestinal, respiratory, urogenital, circulatory disorders,
headaches, joint pain in general, muscle tension...
• Vitalizes the skin because it improves circulation. By acting on both
microcirculation and large circulation, it promotes the return of venous
blood to the heart. For this reason, they use Shiatsu massage in facial
and body aesthetics because it reduces the appearance of wrinkles.
• Stimulates the body's self-regulation power. This regulation helps
maintain a state of good health, preventing the appearance of various
ailments, and collaborating in the therapy of different diseases.

Stimulates the circulation of body fluids, lymphatic and hormonal

systems and the elimination of toxins.

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COSMETOLOGY COURSE
Cosmetology course program

Class 1: The concept of beauty at the dawn of Humanity

Class 2: Middle Ages: the decline of aesthetics
Class 3: Basic and modern cosmetology
Class 4: The cabin
Class 5: Facial anatomy
Class 6: The skin
Class 7: Facial treatments
Class 8: Facial conditions
Class 9: Apparatus
Class 10: Body care

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Class 1

HISTORY OF BEAUTY. First part

The Concept of Beauty at the Dawn of Humanity:

The prehistory.

The origins of aesthetics date back to prehistory. Through art and

everyday instruments that have survived to this day, we can see how even
then there was a concern for beauty.
The quality that is most appreciated in women and that is taken as
their symbol is fertility. The sculptures and engravings show us voluminous,
even deformed, female figures that reflect the interest of prehistoric people
in fertility, so necessary for the biological continuity of the group.
Among the oldest finds that allude to the incipient female interest in
beauty, we find an engraving near Oslo, Norway. This engraving reproduces
the figure of a woman smearing herself with reindeer fat, an animal that is
next to the female figure. Also in Austria, the well-known Venus of
Willendorf, and on the French Riviera, the Venus of Grimaldi, representations
of women have been found symbolizing their concern for the care of their
beauty.
The products available to prehistoric women were practically limited to
clay, earth with different coloring pigments or crude products made from
animal fats.
The oldest known razor was composed of antimony sulfide.
The Bible.
It will be in the Bible where we will find the first references to beauty
in ancient times.
The text includes events in which the role of aesthetics is significant,
for example the case of the queen of Israel, Jezebel, who “adorned her skin
with cosmetics to seduce Jehu and to speak to him with greater powers of
seduction,” or how This same queen adorned her face with “schrouda”, as
Tunisian women still do today.
Another example narrated in the Bible is that of Esther, queen of
Babylon, who beautified her wonderful eyes with makeup, to the point of
being considered the woman with the most beautiful eyes that ever existed.
Egypt: A Sophisticated Beauty.

Everyone knows the mythical beauty of the queens of ancient Egypt

and how the Egyptians embalmed their pharaohs.

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 These two factors promoted a great cult of beauty and cosmetics,
mainly in the pharaonic courts.
The funerary rites were characterized not only by embalming the
bodies of the deceased, but also by depositing with them all kinds of objects,
food and precious materials so that in the future life they could enjoy earthly
goods. Among these objects were ivory combs, creams, eye black, powder,
etc., inside small containers on which instructions for their use were
engraved.
The refinement of aesthetic care was enormous. Secret formulas
beautified the queens of Egypt who were quickly imitated by their
courtesans.
The hairstyles, the wigs, the milk baths, the stylized silhouettes,
everything was part of a culture in which spirituality, art, religion and science
were of fundamental importance.
Hair, skin and eyes deserved special attention. The hair was dyed with
henna, achieving a thousand shades of red, or shaved completely to facilitate
the continuous changes of extremely sophisticated wigs.
With ointments, shaves and scented or milk baths they took care to
maintain smooth and extremely soft skin.
The eyes were highlighted in black, enlarging and softening their
natural shape.
The carmine for the lips, the white to diminish the vibrancy of the
face, the red-orange for the cheeks, were products extracted from plants
and bushes.
They used antimony to change the color of the eyelids into blue and
green, thus enhancing the eyelashes more.
The two Egyptian queens who were most significant for their beauty
and their aesthetic secrets were Nefertiti and Cleopatra.
Nefertiti's stylized silhouette is still remembered, despite having had
six children, and she was the one who spread the fashion for green eyelids.
The beautiful bust of this queen, wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, is preserved
in magnificent condition in a museum in Berlin.
It is said that Cleopatra was the woman who gathered the most
secrets about caring for her beauty; Their masks, their makeup and their milk
baths went down in history.
Greece: The Cult of Beauty.

Greece was the civilization of beauty. Its influence on subsequent

Western cultures has been such that its culture and art have shaped the so-
called classical ideal of beauty. In contrast to the Egyptians, all social classes
shared this concern for aesthetics. They took this taste for beauty to such
an extreme that, in one of his books, Apollonius of Herophila explains that “in
Athens there were no old or ugly women.”

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 In fact, it was the Greeks who spread throughout Europe a large
number of beauty products, cosmetic formulas, as well as the cult of the body
and baths; in summary the concept of aesthetics.
The greatest attention was paid to the care of the body. The canons of
Greek beauty did not tolerate fat or voluminous breasts. It was necessary to
cultivate the body to achieve aesthetic perfection which consisted of, in
addition to having small and strong breasts, having a thin and slender neck and
proportionate shoulders.
In the baths was where this love for body care took place. The bath
was preceded by various physical exercises that prepared the body to receive
the bath, usually performed with cold water.
Massages also had an important role since, together with bathing and
gymnastic exercises, they ensured that there was no trace of fat on the body
and that the figure was graceful and the skin was kept smooth.
Cosmetics in Greece experienced a splendid moment, especially oils.
These were extracted from flowers and were used, in addition to aesthetics,
in religious and sporting events and in daily life.
Perfumed oils were applied after baths or massages and were made
from many different flowers, roses, jasmine, thyme, etc., and their
manufacture was concentrated in Cyprus, Corinth and Rhodes. The hair was
carefully cared for and dyes were also made with natural extracts.
The makeup of the women of Athens was based on black and blue for
the eyes; They colored their cheeks with carmine and painted their lips and
nails in a single tone.
It was considered that the color of the skin of the face should be pale,
since it was an unmistakable reflection of passion.
But not only Greek women and men had this concern for aesthetics.
Their gods also sought the ideal of beauty. The figure of the goddess
Aphrodite of Cridona has come to us reproduced at the moment when she is
undressing to enter the bathroom.
Rome: Followers of Greek Aesthetic Traditions.

In the Roman Empire, aesthetics was a true obsession. Men and women
treasured cosmetic formulas, applied makeup, combed their hair, and shaved
their hair equally.
Baths and massages, dresses and hairstyles or body care were not
exclusive to the female sex, but all Romans wanted to beautify and take care
of themselves.
But, unlike Greece, there was no single ideal of beauty, since the
successive conquests of the Roman Empire collected disparate influences
from the dominated peoples. An example of this is the “madness” of Roman
women for being blonde. It happened upon the return of Julius Caesar's
conquest of the Germanic territories. The slaves he brought with him were

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surprised by the color of their hair and complexion. Formulas and ointments
circulated at great speed through Rome to change the color, generally dark,
of the skin and hair of Roman women.
In Egypt and Greece the custom began of having slaves dedicated
exclusively to cultivating the beauty of their mistresses. This custom was
accentuated in Roman times and slaves specialized in specific topics: baths,
makeup, headdresses, etc. The Roman women stand out for the special care
they devoted to their headdresses. Sophisticated and incredibly baroque,
they were made with materials considered precious. Pearls, fabrics, flowers,
embroidered meshes, were manipulated until the most refined headdress was
obtained.
The popularization of bathing went so far as to build, in Rome, the well-
known baths of Caracalla, with capacity for 1,600 bathers, or the even larger
thermal baths of Diocletian that could accommodate three thousand bathers
simultaneously. In the 4th century alone there were nine hundred thermal
bath establishments in Rome.

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Class 2

HISTORY OF BEAUTY. Second part

Middle Ages: The Decline of Aesthetics.

The woman of the Middle Ages endured the consequences of a time

characterized by austerity, frequent wars and great epidemics.
The care of beauty resurfaces, however, in the 11th to 13th centuries
when the Crusades were organized in the West to recover the so-called “Holy
Places”, then in the hands of the Muslims.
These wars caused contact and exchanges with other cultures and
consequently new techniques in shaving and cosmetics were introduced that
replaced those already existing in Europe. The nobility, in this period,
secluded itself in its castles. It is the peddlers of balms, toiletries and
medicinal herbs, who go from castle to castle selling their products, who will
preserve and renew the secrets of cosmetics. These are kept in the “doll to
decorate oneself,” the name given to the dressing table. The medieval
dressing table was a beautiful and complicated piece of furniture, full of
drawers and mirrors that, when closed, gave the dressing table the
appearance of a desk.
During the first centuries of the Middle Ages, the nobles did not
neglect personal hygiene. In the cities, the public baths were frequently
visited by them, while in the castles the ladies bathed in cold water scented
with aromatic herbs.
But as the Middle Ages progressed, these customs were forgotten.
Strong-smelling perfumes will gradually replace even the slightest bodily
hygiene.
The Renaissance: New Resurgence of Aesthetics.
The Middle Ages are followed by the Renaissance, a time in which
aesthetic values take on a new impulse, forgotten since Greece and Rome.
Sensitivity to art, philosophy and culture in general acquired key
importance in the Renaissance. It is the moment of the flowering of Italian
art, of patrons, of the philosophical conception of man as a “total man”,
without specializations.
Aesthetics, in all creative fields, reaches very refined levels. Beauty
will encompass everything and therefore feminine aesthetics will also be part
of this harmony that surrounds the life of Renaissance Italy.
This country will become the European center of elegance. New
proposals in fashion, beauty and aesthetics leave Italy to influence the courts
of Europe.

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 In the 16th century, the monks of Santa María Novella, in Florence,
created the first large laboratory for cosmetic and medicinal products.
The ideal of beauty for Italian noble women consisted of having a body
with very curved shapes, a high and clear forehead, hardly any eyebrows, and
whitish skin.
Having blonde hair was synonymous with good taste and to achieve it
they mixed the most unlikely extracts.
The first beauty and cosmetic treatises appeared in France and Italy
during these centuries. In 1573, in Paris, the book “Instructions for Young
Ladies” was published and in Italy Catherine de Sforza's book “Experiments”
was published. In this book we find all kinds of cosmetic and perfumery
recipes, writings on makeup, to correct body defects and even reconcile
marriages.
In the 16th century, Catherine de' Medici, interested in everything
related to aesthetics, dedicated much of her time to the study of ointments
and cream combinations. Later, when she became queen of France, she
brought with her the best perfume specialists in Florence, who imposed
themselves in the art of perfumery.
It was precisely one of her closest friends who established the first
Beauty Institute in Paris. Despite the changes that had occurred, personal
hygiene still left much to be desired. The personal memoirs of the nobles of
the time relate how Queen Margaret of Valois found it extremely difficult to
comb her hair because of how tangled her hair was because she did not do it
more often; or how he washed his hands once a week.

The 18th century.

With the arrival of Catherine de' Medici to the French capital, the
European center of fashion and aesthetics will remain Paris to this day.
From the end of the 17th century and throughout the 18th century,
Parisian women had “rouge fever.” They all seemed to be cut from the same
cloth: lips in the shape of a tiny heart, extravagant and powdered wigs,
cheeks flushed with a profusion of rouge, powder spread over the neck and
shoulders, with moles flirtatiously spread over the face and back.
Beauty products will no longer be handcrafted to be compared in the
luxurious establishments of the Faubourg Saint Honoré and hairdressers will
replace the court maids composing eccentric wigs.
The golden age of cosmetics began in this century with the most
sophisticated creams, essences and waters.
Powders were used liberally; for wigs, wheat flour and for the face, rice flour.
Personal hygiene is gradually regaining importance. However, perfumes
continue to be essential to hide bad odors.
The case of Madame Du Barry was exceptional, who attracted attention at

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court for showering daily with cold water.
But everything changed with the French Revolution. The aesthetic
excesses of the nobility disappeared with her and it was not until the arrival
of Napoleon to power, and thanks to his wife the Empress Josephine, that
beauty care was reborn in France.
In Josefina, her lively Creole character combines with a great
tendency toward obesity. This trend forced her to have to follow continuous
weight loss regimens and successive aesthetic treatments for her body and
skin.
Then Romanticism arrives and with it languor, helpless airs, tight waists
and tiny waists. Wigs temporarily disappear to give way to curls made in
Parisian hair salons.
It is in this moment of refined femininity that a new woman emerges. A
woman who dares to dress like a man, who smokes cigar cigarettes and who
does the same things as a man; It's George Sand's time. But it will be nothing
more than a passing fad, as a warning of what will happen in the next century,
ours. The paleness returns, the powder whitening the face and shoulders, the
small bodies and the large skirts. But this fashion for porcelain skin
contradicts the lifestyle of high society women. Copious meals will leave
unmistakable signs of poor nutrition; skin that wants to be incredibly white
but is mistreated daily. Creams will not be a sufficient remedy but an ancient
remedy is rediscovered: spas.
The sea, a source of health according to the doctors of the time, was
also a must-visit place.
East: The delicate Aesthetic Fantasy.

India.

This extensive and complex country is very rich in raw materials for
aesthetics. Beauty products have been used in India since time immemorial in
religious rituals and daily life, without having undergone significant evolution.
Saffron flowers, kohol and powders are used daily and even today
children in this country paint their eyes with kohol for its disinfectant
powers.
In one of the oldest books on medicine in the world, the “Susruta”, beauty
care with perfumed oils is explained, among many other recipes for plant
extracts dedicated to aesthetics.

China.

China has a very ancient tradition in cosmetics, as in so many other aspects.

Their aesthetic canons were based on a woman delicately made up and with a

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skin that was cared for to the maximum. The makeup consisted of fine pink,
red or orange powder and the eyes were highlighted with cotton buds dipped
in India ink.
The skin was treated with creams made from fruit pulps, tea oils or animal
fats. The perfumes came from flowers – jasmine, musk, camellias – or from
aromatic woods such as patchouli.
Chinese poetry and art in general have profusely reflected this delicate
attention of Chinese women to aesthetics.

Japan.

The country of the “Rising Sun” collected many influences from Chinese
beauty and cosmetics.
Body care is closely linked in Japan to religious life, which is why the
men and women of this country have always appreciated the world of
aesthetics. Safflower oils, pigments and powders are some of the products
that these women used for their beauty. The Chinese ink also beautified his
eyes.
The hair was treated with the utmost attention since having black,
shiny and voluminous hair was a symbol of great beauty.

Japanese painting throughout the centuries has clearly shown the care
that its women dedicated to the beauty of their bodies and skin.
The 20th Century to the Current: Integral Aesthetics.
In these two centuries, historical events on the one hand and the
evolution of science on the other, have marked the successive aesthetic
changes of women.
It was only at the beginning of the 20th century when women wore
long, wide dresses and yet... it seems so far away to us! From the paleness
that ladies wanted to achieve at all costs to the permanent tan, which is
desired with equal obsession today, just over forty years have passed.
Decades of splendor have been quickly followed by times of crisis, of
great wars. Social changes have been hasty and with them fashion and
Aesthetics, which have adapted to each new period.
What used to last for decades now lasts only a few years.
The eternal need for beauty in the feminine world has been joined by
science and a new system of life in which it is impossible to separate daily
activity from personal appearance. Women today have before them a world
that could never have been suspected before because the high degree of
scientific knowledge has helped, and will help enormously, to improve the work
of the beautician. On the one hand, by knowing more deeply the origins and
causes of many problems in the body, it is easier to apply treatments that
solve them.

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 Furthermore, technical knowledge is, today, essential in Beauty
Institutes, since it is essential for the application of all types of treatments.
The vast majority of treatments carried out in a Beauty Institute
require the close collaboration of the beautician with scientific procedures.
From skin cleansing with ozone vapors or applications of ultraviolet rays, the
incorporation of the laser beam for many treatments, or high-tech anti-
cellulite treatments, we see how in today's Aesthetics and in practically all
fields the application of first-rate scientific techniques.
Class 3

BASIC AND MODERN COSMETOLOGY. First part

The main objective of the Beauty Institute is to offer care and

beautification services to women with appropriate treatments for each of
them.
To achieve this objective, a Beauty Institute must have not only the
facilities and devices necessary for the different services, but also a
maximum of comfort elements, so that the client feels properly cared for.
The decoration of the Institute must provide for this comfort. A
discreet and elegant setting, comfortable armchairs, adequate lighting and
also air conditioning and background music will be necessary elements.
The conjunction of services and harmony in the environment are equally
permanent in a Beauty Institute, since customer service deserves the best
effort.
The elements of service and comfort must be based on three
fundamental rules: harmony, neatness and hygiene.

The Beautician.

In addition to mastering the profession both theoretically and

practically, it is essential to be a good beautician to possess a series of
qualities that can be summarized as:
- A nice presentation.
- Kindness and correctness in treatment and efficiency at work.
- General culture as broad as possible.
- Speak one or more languages.
Mastery of one or two languages is very convenient nowadays, because
to the continuous updating of knowledge about aesthetics that is published in
foreign books and magazines.
Due to their importance, the first qualities that we mentioned above
are analyzed below.

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Nice Presentation.

The beautician must take maximum care of her personal hygiene. It is

evident that this is the case, since whoever “gives” beauty cannot offer an
unclean appearance and, even less, unpleasant odors.
The uniform has to be changed as many times as necessary, so that it is
always impeccable. Likewise, physical appearance will be taken care of in
terms of hair, makeup and impeccable hand care. The first impression given to
the client is definitive in causing a favorable effect on those who come to the
institute in search of beauty. The trust that the client should place in the
beautician will depend on the first contact they have with her.

Kindness, Correctness and Efficiency.

The perfect Aesthetics professional will be efficient in her work and

kind and correct in dealing with the client.
Listen to the client's problems, advising her appropriately on their
resolution. The treatment must be individualized, adapting to the character
and way of being of each one of them.
The possible problems that may arise from contact with the client - if
she is annoying, moody, etc. - will never be externalized or explained to other
people, since they must be considered true professional secrets.

A Profession with a Future.

Women increasingly have the need to preserve their beauty, their

health and their youth, needs to which Aesthetics provides concrete answers.
Therefore, the future of the profession is bright and attractive.
You should never make the mistake of believing that you have already
learned everything in the world of beauty, since it is a profession that is
constantly renewed with new techniques and applications, theoretical and
practical. Maintaining the concern to acquire new knowledge will make the
beautician a professional who is always up to date and thanks to this she will
be able to achieve other goals, such as running a Beauty Institute,
representing cosmetic brands, running the beauty section in newspapers and
magazines, etc.

Ideal Image of the Institute of Aesthetics.

The reception.

The reception is the first place that the client who comes to the

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Beauty Institute sees; It is therefore the first image you will have of the
work that is carried out there.
Air conditioning and background music are also important, as long as a
pleasant and sedative melody is sought. Recent publications, magazines and
newspapers should not be missing to accompany the wait.
A table for the receptionist should also be included with everything
necessary: telephones, institute cards, diary, etc.; However, care should be
taken to ensure that the reception table does not look cluttered or too full of
objects.

The receptionist.

Its activity will basically focus on two aspects: customer service and
institute staff.
She is the one who assists anyone who requests the institute's services
by telephone or in person. It will also assist the institute's beauticians with
any communication needs they may have.
It will also be the receptionist who, through a complete diary, will keep
track of the hours agreed upon with clients, in order to rationally distribute
work throughout the day.
The personal appearance of the receptionist must also be neat. The
treatment will be friendly, correct and efficient. It is preferable that your
clothing be the same as that of the beauticians or that you wear a uniform.

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Class 4

BASIC AND MODERN COSMETOLOGY. Second part

The cabin.

The work of beauticians takes place in cabins, but what is a cabin?

We can define the cabin as a room, of greater or lesser space, in which
the different aesthetic treatments are carried out.
Below we will list the devices and elements necessary for each type of
cabin.

Facial cabin.

- Anatomical stretcher: with independent movement of two modules.

- Stretcher set: each one consists of two pieces matching the decoration,
one to dress the facial stretcher and another to cover the client. They must
always be impeccably clean.
- Robe for the client: blouse type, long so that the client can undress. It
should also harmonize with the general tone of the cabin.
- Elastic band: to protect the hair or a hat for the same function.
- Dressing table: with a mirror. On it there will be a tray so that the client
can leave her belongings.
- Auxiliary cart: the cabin will have this cart to place the necessary supplies
for the beauty session, so the beautician has everything at hand, without
having to move every time she needs something.
- Device cart: the portable devices that the beautician needs in each case
are placed on it.
- Paper bin.

Supplies, Accessories and Products.

The ones most used in the facial cabin are:

- Spatula to remove cream from containers.
- Container with cut or flaked cotton.
- Box with tissues, paper tissues or absorbent napkin.
- Mousseline sponges.
- Container of different sizes for water and products.
- Small brush for applying the mask.
- Antiseptic.
- Tweezers for hair removal, which are immersed in alcohol shortly before

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being used.
- Remove comedones for necessary cases.
- Container with gauze cut into approximately 10 x 10 mm squares; These
gauze pads are used to remove comedones and remove creams and masks from
the skin.
- Finally, bottles of the entire range of necessary products.

Facial Booth Appliances.

Once the facial cabin tools have been listed, we move on to describe
the devices required:
- Ozone vapor or thermal mask.
- High frequency current.
- Galvanic current.
- Vibrator for facial massage.
- Shower tray.
- Pot with thermostat for hair removal wax.
- Luminous magnifying glass.

Practices for the Hands of the Future Beautician.

A person who aspires to become a professional beautician must learn to

take care of their hands and make them acquire dexterity, in order to
prepare them for performing facial and body massages, applying makeup
products and other similar techniques.
For the beautician, her hands are the most important work instrument,
since without them in perfect condition she could not do practically anything.
We therefore begin the course practices with the care and dexterity of the
hands.

Standards for Hand Care.

They should be free of calluses, cracks and other abnormalities.

Hands should be well cared for, with short, clean, well-groomed nails
and painted with a clear nail polish. It is important that the hands, when in
contact with the client's skin, are not sweaty or too dry. Let's see how hands
that sweat or stay excessively dry should be treated.

Too Dry Hands.

It is advisable to give them oil baths every night. Both the skin of the

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hands and the nails appreciate the care with hot olive oil baths.
A simpler way to treat them is by applying a nourishing and moisturizing
hand cream.

Sweaty hands.

This anomaly is due to an internal cause. Hands in these conditions are

unpleasant to work with, that is, for the client when they come into contact
with her skin.
The first thing to do in this case is to find out the cause of the
sweating. To do this, it is best to consult a dermatologist or skin specialist
and continue your treatment.
While waiting for the specialist's diagnosis and treatment, special
pharmaceutical powders can be applied for these cases.
To keep the skin on your hands thin, soft and sensitive to the touch, in
addition to taking proper care of them, you must avoid household work and, if
you have to do it, you must wear special rubber gloves for these tasks.

Exercises for Hand Dexterity.

The following exercises are movements that will help the beautician
achieve the finger and wrist agility that is so precise, both in facial massage
and body massage.
It is advisable to do the exercises about ten times in a row with both
hands at the same time.
The little finger, ring finger, middle finger and index finger are
attached, one by one, to the thumb. Afterwards, this same movement is
performed in reverse starting with the index, middle, ring and little fingers.
The purpose of this exercise is to achieve ease and firmness when applying
makeup and drawing fine lines on small and delicate areas.
You have to practice daily, alternating with the other exercises that we
also explain in the next section. Only constant practice provides the
necessary skill. Stopping practicing because you believe that they are easy
exercises is a mistake that the student should not make.
The exercise below, also very simple, should be practiced in each
session following the previous one, repeating it ten times. We insist on the
convenience of practicing daily.
With the pads of the right hand joined to those of the left hand,
pressure must be applied, forcing the fingers to join together, until the palms
of the hands are completely together. Then we move on to the next exercise,
with the hands joined and the fingers slightly open, they will be taken off, one
by one, first the thumbs, then the ring fingers and so on until only the little
fingers touch, then we go with the ring fingers, middle fingers, index and

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thumb to the wrist. These movements must be repeated ten times in a row.
Only by practicing daily will you achieve the skill to perform a correct facial
massage.
Place your hands flat on a hard surface with your fingers slightly open.
Make circles with the tips of each finger in an outward direction and ensure
that your hands do not move from place to place. The joints of the fingers
and wrist will acquire surprising agility. By flexing both hands, they will go
back over themselves continuously. This movement must be repeated ten
times without stopping. This ensures that both hands rotate over each other.
Place your hands as relaxed as possible at chest height and with the
palms facing inward. They drop quickly, first the right and then the left. To
finish, the exercise will be performed starting from the initial position but
with the palms of the hands facing out. The wrists are moved alternately up
and down. Due to their simplicity and speed of execution, all of these
movements can be practiced not only in the cabin but also at home, taking
advantage of any free time available.

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CLASS 5

FACIAL ANATOMY. First part.

Bones that Compose the Structure of the Skull

1 Front
7 Nasal 2 Parietal
6 Zygomatic 3 Partition
Nasal or Vomer
5 Maxilla
Superior
4 Jaw

Muscular Structure.

1 Frontal: it helps us express astonishment. Located on the forehead.

2 Orbicularis oculi or eyelid: allows you to open and close the eyelids, allows
you to fix your vision. (Crow's feet appear. Around the eyes.
3 Elevator of the nose: it is supported by the fangs, it helps us smile. On the
sides of the nose.
4 Zygomaticus minor: is responsible for allowing the mouth to open. On the
cheekbone.
5 Zygomaticus major: also act on the smile. Between the cheekbone and the
cheek.
6 Masseter: it is the one that acts in feeding. On the cheek
7 Orbicularis oris: allows suction; It also acts in food. Edge of the lips.
8 Triangle of the lip or chin: acts on the opening of the mouth and feeding.
Next to the chin.
9 Sternocleidomastoid: it acts to move the neck, it is superficial and over
the years it loses its atonia (tonicity). Front collar.
10 Trapezius: acts on the mobility of the neck. At the two of the neck.
11 Pyramidal: gives the expression of anger. Frown.

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12 Temporal: acts on the opening and closing of the mouth. Towards the
temple.
13 Superciliary: it is located in the eyebrows and shares with the pyramidal
to detonate anger.
14 Buccionador: allows suction and feeding. Between masseter, cheek, levator
nose and orbicularis oris.
15 Square of the chin: gives an expression of dejection or discontent, acts
on the opening and closing of the mouth and on the kiss. Center of the chin.
16 Chin tassel: it is the same as the previous one. Jaw.
17 Transverse: gives firmness to the nose and helps dilate the nasal
passages. On the septum of the nose.

Natural Beings

Natural beings are understood to be those that surround us and make

up the whole of nature, such as stones, plants, stars and animals.
Natural beings are classified as inorganic or mineral beings. They are
those that do not have life, such as rocks, metals, etc.
Organic or living beings are animals and plants, that is, those that have
life. Organic or living beings have the following general characteristics: they
have life; that is, they are born, grow, multiply and die. To live and develop,
they nourish themselves with food that they take from the outside, assimilate
and transform it inside and expel the unusable parts and waste to the outside.
They are made up of cells: living beings, with some exceptions, are
made up of a multitude of cells, which are grouped together to form tissues
that in turn constitute the organs (liver, lungs, heart) and systems
(respiratory, digestive, etc.) , which perform different vital functions.

The Living Matter.

Living beings are made up of living matter, which is a varied and

complex mixture of organic and inorganic substances in constant activity.
The substances that constitute living matter are called immediate
principles and are classified into the two groups already indicated (organic
and inorganic).

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The essential immediate principles are: Inorganic:
Water: enters an average proportion of approximately 60% of living matter.
Mineral Salts: comes in varied but very small proportions.
Organic: are all those that are formed within living beings, such as
bones and tissues. Organic substances are classified into the following three
large groups:
1 Carbohydrate or Carbohydrate: this group is made up of starch; They are
contained in large quantities in seeds (wheat, corn, rice) and tubers (potato,
cassava, carrot, etc.).
Sugars: glucose or grape sugar, sucrose or beet sugar, etc. Cellulose:
fundamentally constitutes the walls of plant cells.
2 Fats or Lipids: this group is made up of vegetable oils, extracted mainly
from olives, soybeans and peanuts.
3 Proteins and Albuminoids or Protides: this group, whose substances
constitute the immediate principles of cells, is made up of: Casein: found
mainly in milk and cheese.
Albumins: abundant in eggs and meats.
Vitamins: substances necessary for the life and development of living beings.
Ferments and Hormones: control and direct all processes, reactions and
transformations of living beings.

Composition of the Human Body.

Water: 60 to 65%
Protein: 15%

Fat: 15%
Minerals: 5%
Carbohydrate: 1.5%
Vitamins and others: 0.5%

Cells.

It is the smallest part of living matter, which is why the cell is born,
grows, multiplies and dies.
In other words, we deduce that the cell is the anatomical and

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physiological unit of every living being; within living beings we can find
unicellular or multicellular.

Constitution of the Cells.

The cell is made up of a viscous mass, called protoplasm, within which it

houses life.
The protoplasm, and therefore the cell, consists of the following three
fundamental parts:
1 Cytoplasm: it is the most viscous already mentioned, of variable
consistency, colorless and transparent, similar to egg white, which in turn is
made up of lipids, proteins, mineral salts and water.
In the cytoplasm we can find:
Vacuoles: they are cavities inside which there are less dense
substances than in the rest of the cytoplasm.
When the content of the vacuoles is completely liquid, they are called
cellular juices.
Deutoplasm: are various products obtained from the activity of
protoplasm. When they become trapped within the cytoplasm they are called
inclusions.
Chondrioma: set of granites and filaments called chondriosomes, which
are responsible for producing pigments, enzymes and proteins, among other
products.
Centrosome: stellate corpuscle located near the nucleus formed by: the
centriole or spherical central body. We also find the centrosphere or part
that surrounds the centriole.
Aster or Filaments that radiate from the centrosphere giving the
centrosome its star-shaped appearance.
Plasts are those that make the greenish pigment called chlorophyll in
plant cells.
2 Cellular membrane.
External layer of the cytoplasm and the cell it surrounds and insulates.
3 Core.
It is a spherical corpuscle located within the cytoplasm and separated
from it by a (nuclear) membrane. In the nucleus is found: Nuclear Reticulum:

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it is the most important part and is divided into a certain number of elements
called chromosomes, which are made up of chromatin. Chromosomes are V or J
shaped.
Nuclear Juice: it is the substance that fills the nucleus and where the
chromosomes have been suspended.
Nucleoli: corpuscles containing pieratin and aniline acid dye.

Characteristics of the Cells.

There are countless types of cells, some very similar to others and with
marked differences from each other.
Cells can have different shapes, rounded, elongated, star-shaped,
polygonal, flattened. Etc.
In general, the cells are microscopic in size so they cannot be observed
except with a powerful microscope.
To measure cells, the micron is used and most of them measure
between five and ten microns, although as we have already said, there are
much larger ones.
There are plant cells of twenty or more centimeters for example.

Functions of Cells.

The common functions of all cells are the following:

Nutrition Function: This function aims to preserve life and develop.
They feed by absorbing dissolved food; For example, animal cells are
nourished by the substances or foods carried by the blood. The nutrition
function includes two processes:
Catabolism: it is a destructive process and has the phases of
respiration and excretion
Anabolism: it is a constructive process and includes the taking of food
particles or substances into the interior, a phenomenon called phagocytosis,
the digestion of said substance and its subsequent assimilation.
Reproduction Function: one of the most important missions of every

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living being is to perpetuate the species. The cells multiply by splitting into
two pieces, either directly or indirectly.
Direct division or amitosis occurs when the cytoplasm is strangled, thus
giving rise to daughter cells. For this division to take place and be carried out
in each case, a series of important factors must exist: appropriate
temperature, necessary and sufficient hormones, a certain nutritional
substance, oxygen, etc.
Indirect division or mitosis has various forms by multiple bipartition or
expolaration.
In “budding,” the daughter cells reproduce with warts on the mother
cell.
In bipartition or karyokinesis, the stem cell divides into two generally
equal cells.
Multiple or expolarization produces multiple daughter cells within the
mother cell.
Relationship Function: it is carried out by cells moving, that is, moving
from one place to another, so they communicate with each other and with the
environment that surrounds them.

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CLASS 6

FACIAL ANATOMY. Second part.

The skin.

It is the largest and most sensitive organ we have and as vital as the
heart and lungs can be. Unlike these, it is visible, but it is also affected by
the passage of time. Wear can be delayed or reduced thanks to treatments; in
the beauty institute, skin care will be one of the main objectives.
Not in vain is it of great interest to keep it smooth and lush, an
inherent condition for maintaining a young and attractive appearance.
The skin of an adult person is approximately fifteen (15) thousand
square centimeters and weighs five (5) kilograms.
Well-treated and cared for skin softens the features and rejuvenates
anyone.
One of the top priorities of a good beauty professional is the care of
the epidermis, therefore it is advisable to have a deep knowledge of the
characteristics of the skin.

Skin Functions.

The skin performs a series of fundamental functions for life and

health, such as:
1 Host the sense of touch, the sensation of pain, pressure, cold or
heat.
2 Act as a regulator of body temperature.
The regulation will be done by the sweat glands, which are also in
charge of maintaining the body's wateriness.
3 Absorb oxygen, light and water essential for cellular life.
4 Eliminate harmful substances, which is also a process of the sweat
glands.
5 Protect the body from outside action. The protection exerted by
keratin, melanin and hair as a primary element.

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Skin Physiology .

In this part, the different layers that make up the skin are analyzed.
1 Epidermis or Superficial Layer.
2 Dermis or Intermediate Layer under the Epidermis.
3 Hypodermis or Subdermis Layer.

Epidermis: it is the most superficial layer and therefore it is the

protective layer of the lower layers, which are more vulnerable in nature.
The layers that make up the epidermis are from the inside to the
outside:
1 Basal or Germinative Layer.
2 Mucous Body of Malpighian.
3 Granular layer.
4 Lucid Cloak.
5 Cornea layer
The function and composition of each of the strata that make up the
epidermis is explained below.
1 Basal or Germinative Layer: it is the lower layer and the one that
gives rise to the upper strata, which is why it is also called germinative. The
basal layer is made up of cylindrical or cube-shaped cells whose mission is to
reproduce continuously. This reproduction is carried out by division. When
cells divide, they push each other, accessing the upper strata and producing
this constant cell renewal. Complete cellular reproduction takes approximately
every thirty days. This layer adjacent to the dermis contains a coloring
substance called melanin, which is produced in greater quantities under the
action of the sun, which gives rise to the tan characteristic of summer or
that produced by UVA (ultraviolet) rays. The amount of melanin that each
organism produces is different and determines the skin color of each
individual.
2 Malpighian Mucous Body: this stratum is immediately superior to the
germinative or basal layer and is made up of six to eight rows of cells that
take the form of a mosaic.
The consistency of the Malpighian mucous body varies in each area of
our skin.

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 Polyhedral in shape, it transforms as it ascends to the upper layer. This
transformation is based on the progressive flattening of the cells.
3 Granular Layer: in this layer the fat of the epidermis is made. It is
made up of strata in a number that varies from one to four. In the cytoplasm
of these cells, a semi-solid substance is produced, which is what produces the
fat characteristic of this layer of the epidermis.
4 Layer Lucida: it is formed by a thin row of transparent, thin and
colorless cells, in which the cell nucleus can barely be seen. The nucleus of the
cells of the entire epidermis progressively disappears as the strata become
more external. The keratin found in these cells will cause them to dry out and
form the upper layer, the cornea.
5 Layer Cornea: It consists of fifteen to twenty layers of cells which
completely lack a nucleus and which are superimposed on each other like the
tiles of a roof, giving rise to the formation of white keratin. This layer of the
epidermis prevents the evaporation of water from the skin that is already
impregnated with fat. The thickness of this horny layer is also different
depending on the area of the body, for example in the palms of the hands and
feet it is much thicker and in the cheeks and eyelids it is thinner.
At the end of the stratum corneum we find the peeling surface, which
is nothing other than the layer created by keratinized cells by gently rubbing
an area of our body, for example, on the forearm we see how these cells peel
off from the skin, they are the so-called dead cells.

Dermis: the most important function of the dermis is to nourish the

skin; That is why it is important to reach it in aesthetic treatments. In this
layer you will find:
1 The lubricating glands of the skin, that is, the sebaceous glands.
2 The arrector pili muscles.
3 The nerve endings of the corpuscles responsible for the sense of
touch.
4 The hair follicles.
5 The blood and lymphatic branches that come from the deep layer.
The dermis or connective tissue is elastic and fibrous and actively
reacts to internal or external phenomena that attack it. This layer of skin is
structured in two layers, the papillary dermis in the form of a firm and
resistant interlace. As we have already pointed out previously, this membrane

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forms connective tissues, elastic fibers and collagen; It has great value in
aesthetic treatments since it works on the process of nutrition, hydration and
regeneration of the skin.

Hypodermis: lower layer of the skin that is completely covered by a

dense network of blood vessels and whose first mission is to lubricate,
forming and storing basic fat for the balance of the skin. For this reason, the
production of fat, the hypodermis, insulates us from cold and heat, protecting
the skin from thermal aggression while storing nutritional elements for the
other strata.
In the hypodermis, glomeruli appear, glands where sweat from the
sweat glands is formed.

Sebaceous Glands: They are spread throughout the skin and their
function is to surround the hair with fat, protecting it from external thermal
elements. They are located in a hair excretory sheath on the root of the hair
and the fat is evacuated through the same duct through which the hair is
expelled except in two areas, the areola of the nipple and the edges of the
lips.

Sweat Glands: There are two types of glands, eccrine and apocrine. The
eccrines extend throughout the epithelial tissue, have a spiral shape and their
degree of acidity is lower than that of the skin, between four and six Ph
(hydrogen potential). Sweat is evacuated through this gland directly to the
outside, accumulating in the hands and feet. Its function is to maintain a
constant temperature in the body, acting permanently.
On the contrary, apocrine sweat glands are concentrated in specific
areas of the human body, such as the armpits, genitals, navel, etc. These
glands have a higher degree of alkalinity and toxins are eliminated through
them. That is to say, in addition to having a body temperature regulating
function, they are an important part of cleaning the internal organs.

Nerve Endings of the Skin: are those that reflect skin sensitivity.
Thanks to them we can feel cold or heat, pressure, pain, in addition to the so-
called tactile sensitivity.
Its position in the skin varies depending on the function it performs,

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thus some nerve endings are found in the dermis or others in the epidermis.
When feeling hot, the superficial blood vessels expand and, helped by
sweat, the body will maintain its thermal balance. With cold the process will
be reversed, that is, the blood vessels constrict to prevent the passage of
cold through the skin.
Points sensitive to cold are more abundant on our skin and there are
areas where the sense of cold is more acute, such as the fingertips, lips and
tip of the tongue.
Blood Vessels: in the dermis and in the lower layer we find networks of
communicating veins and arteries. Under the strata that make up the skin are
the subdermal plexus, which contains two networks of blood vessels. Some
expand towards the sweat glands, hair follicles, etc., while the others emerge
into the most superficial layers of the skin.

Skin Thickness: As has already been seen in the different layers of the
skin, its thickness is not uniform throughout the body.
The thickness of the skin is determined by the sweat glands and the
other is the increase in the epidermis due to the constant pressure that is
placed on a specific area, such as the soles of the feet.
The stratum corneum will increase its volume in these areas on which
greater pressure is exerted in order to increase the protection of the skin
tissues.
In short, the skin protects itself, hardening and fortifying the areas
that require it most due to contact with objects, soil, etc.

Skin Classification.

Skin, as far as aesthetics is concerned, is classified into three large

groups that we must qualify due to the variety of intermediate skin types.
The three large groups into which they are classically arranged are:
1 Normal Skin.
2 Dry Skin.
3 Oily skin.
Now, this classification is valid for the choice of some beauty products,
but not in treatments. In these, specifying the type of skin is essential.
In addition to this classification, all these skin types may present other

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anomalies, such as having oily or dry areas, so the diagnosis would be mixed
oily or mixed dry skin. A more complete classification of the skin is one that
includes other aspects such as:
1 Dehydrated skin.
2 Sensitive skin.
3 Devitalized skin.
4 Thick skin.
5 Thin skin.
To have a basic idea of the three large groups, we will explain their
most common characteristics.

Normal Skin: It is the ideal skin due to its smooth, naturally colored
appearance, with closed pores and a general velvety appearance. These
conditions, of great balance and perfect cell development, usually occur in
children who have not yet reached puberty.
Caring for this type of skin should be limited to good cleansing and very
gentle care.

Dry Skin: lacks sufficient oil and moisture. Its appearance is

excessively smooth, lacking elasticity.
You will more easily present wrinkles over your lips, bags under your
eyes and so-called crow's feet.

Internal and external, emotional disorders cause this dryness of the

skin that can be corrected by applying nutritious creams and a correct diet,
eating fresh foods such as vegetables and fruits in greater proportion,
eliminating coffee, tobacco and alcoholic beverages, it is a complexion.
lackluster.

Oily Skin: The most visible characteristic of oily skin is open pores and
a shiny complexion. This is thick skin in which the sebaceous glands have a
greater volume.
Oily skin can cause skin problems such as blackheads (comedones), small
boils and a large proportion of acne. It needs a lot of attention and a balanced
diet that does not include fatty foods.
Physical rest and good breathing collaborate in its improvement.

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 As thicker skin is more resistant to cold and less prone to wrinkles.
Mixed complexions should be added to this first classification. As their
name indicates, they are skins that share different areas.
The most common mixed skin is one in which the central area –
forehead, nose and chin – (T zone) is oily, while the cheeks, neck and skin
around the eyes are normal or dry skin.

Skin Type Subdivision.

Dehydrated Skin: This is a temporary state of the skin rather than a

type of skin. It is skin damaged by external climatic factors, psychological
problems or lack of water.
Wrinkles or furrows are observed in this type of skin on the forehead,
around the eyes and lips.
This temporary loss of hydration causes the skin to be flaccid, dry and
rough to the touch.

Sensitive Skin: it can be of two types: oily or dry, generally its problem
is the lack of protection it has from the external environment (cold, air, rain,
etc.).

It is a type of skin that is easily irritated and this must be taken into
account when applying aesthetic treatments since it generally causes redness
and hyperemia in this type of skin.

Asphyxiated Skin: We call asphytic skin skin that, due to lack of blood
flow or incorrect application of astringent-type cosmetic products, has
completely closed the hair-sebaceous follicle.
The reaction of the epidermis to this action is to produce small white
cysts, especially in the cheek area. To the touch it is rough and rough.

Devitalized Skin: the skin is the pulse of our life and, therefore, an
illness, continuous weight loss or simply the passing of the years will be
evident in it.
The skin in all these cases can become worn and flaccid especially due
to the decrease in secretions such as sweat and sebaceous.

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 Attacked by such causes, the skin will present wrinkles in the areas of
expression, dryness and lack of elasticity.
Fine Skin: it is distinguished by its sensitivity to climate changes, its
soft touch, closed pores and the rapid appearance of redness and reaction to
excessively strong treatments.

Thick Skin: We recognize thick skin at first glance by the opening of

its pores, because it has a less delicate appearance. This type of skin better
accepts treatments such as peeling and is more easily able to absorb external
pollution.

Special Problems.
Below we will detail the special problems derived from the studies
above.
The functioning of the glands, whether seborrheic or sebaceous,
guarantees the perfect functioning of the skin's nutrition and purification
process. Its malfunction can cause problems of various kinds.
For example, maintaining balanced skin hydration can delay the appearance of
wrinkles.
Its similar appearance but with a very different cause is the case of
alypic skin. This skin has a tight appearance caused by the malfunction of the
sebaceous glands; this skin will lack oil, a basic element for its protection.
Sagging or atony of the skin has its origin in the loss of elasticity due
to health problems, sudden weight loss or aging of the skin. These same
causes are what cause the appearance of wrinkles on the skin, although these
can be caused by diseases.
Another problem derived from the elements that make up the skin is
couperose. Telangiectasia, the scientific name for couperose, is frequently
found in the corners and wings of the nose and on the cheeks and is small
blood ramifications produced by poor circulation, temperature contrasts and
other physiological phenomena.

Facial massage.
Activates skin cells, stimulates peripheral circulation, muscle tone,
gradually eliminates expression lines, counteracts the effects of stress and
premature aging.

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 Below facial massage techniques:

1 Five points on the face plus the neck of moisturizer, one on the
forehead, nose, both cheeks, chin, neck and neckline. The cream should be
applied in smaller quantities so as not to leave residue on the skin and all of it
can be absorbed. (Oily skin with sunscreen).

2 Ten fan-shaped movements on the neck and chest (outwards) one

hand at a time until all ten are completed.

3 Ten rocking movements of the chin outwards. One hand at a time,

until all ten are complete. +— —•

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 4 Ten kneading movements from ear to ear along the chin and jaw
(lower jaw). The two monkeys at the same time in the same direction, until
they complete ten. -----------•

5 Ten movements of the orbicularis oris towards

up with your thumbs, then keyboard with your fingertips in
the same way. Both hands at the same time, until all ten are
complete. The smooth arrows indicate the
f movements with the thumbs and arrows
Dots indicate typing movements with the fingertips, which are done by lightly
tapping upwards.

6 Ten fan movements from the inside out on the cheeks,

both hands at the same time, until all ten are complete.

7 Ten movements from end to end in the transverse and levator of the
nose, with the middle and ring fingers, upward. Both at the same time until all
ten are complete.

8 Ten movements of the orbicularis oculi inward,

with the ring fingers, then tapped with gentle taps in the
same way, inward.

9 Ten movements in circles on the temples, with the middle and ring
fingers, inwards

10 Ten frontal movements (frictions) supporting the index, middle and

ring fingers.

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CLASS 7

CONDITIONS AND TREATMENTS. First part.

Warning on Facial Treatments.

In facial treatments, the main protagonist is the skin or, rather, the
epidermis of the people who follow these treatments at the beauty institute.
When the skin is healthy and strong, its care offers no difficulty, provided
normal precautions are taken; But often the skin is delicate, has some
condition, is damaged by the abusive use of inappropriate cosmetics, etc., so
in these cases it requires special care.
We must take into account at all times the following contraindications:
When there is a skin condition, the normal treatment can be harmful,
so a special one must be applied for each case, if it exists, or give up any
treatment.
In case of deep acne, medical treatment and advice is necessary since
if there is a large infection it could spread throughout the body.
If there is inflammation on the face, with redness, it is not suitable
for beauty until the swelling disappears.
If there is couperose, we must avoid cold and heat on the epidermis, and apply
compresses moistened with a decongestant lotion.
In facial beauty treatments we must always remember the following
rules:
Asepsis is very important in all treatments to avoid infections or
contagions.
When we remove comedones, the instrument or tweezers must be
previously disinfected with antiseptic.
If there are any burst pimples, we will also disinfect them by applying a
gauze moistened with alcohol to them.
We should never remove pimples, since in this case we would leave
scars on the skin. We will disinfect them with high frequency or ultraviolet
rays.
In this section the most common skin conditions will be discussed. With
this knowledge, it is intended that the beautician recognize and differentiate

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one skin disease from another.
However, the beautician should not diagnose a disease and proceed with
its treatment, but rather act as an effective intermediary between the client
and the dermatologist.
With this you will demonstrate to both your professional worth and
your knowledge will be appreciated and respected by both the client and the
specialist.
The beautician will help as much as possible in the treatment of these
skin conditions, since some will only require a visit to a family doctor or will be
simple temporary problems.

We have divided the most frequent conditions into three sections:

1 Primary Conditions.
2 Secondary Conditions.
3 Other Skin Alterations.

Primary Conditions: Skin alterations that are observed in the first

phase of a disease are called primary conditions.
They may have one or more cavities or have a solid content.
Solid Content Conditions: Those that do not contain any liquid
substance are known as solid content conditions. Macules belong to this group.
Macula: It is a distinct coloration of the skin that looks like a spot, like
freckles or flat moles. It is an aesthetic condition.
Freckles are caused by concentrations of melanin in specific areas of
the skin. They are minimal in size (about the head of a pin), round and have a
reddish-brown color, which appears more intensely under the effects of the
sun's rays.
Blondes and redheads are more prone to freckles. To prevent its
outbreak, creams based on quinine or sulfonamides are usually used. A good
home remedy is to gently rub freckles with lemon juice three times a day.
Moles or lentigines are skin spots so widespread that it can be assured
that there is no person who does not have one.
Its color ranges from light brown to charcoal black; Their size is very
variable and they can even be hairy, that is, with hair.
Sometimes, due to their location and size, they are attributes of
beauty that are sought to be enhanced when applying makeup. When this does

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not happen, they can be eliminated by means of electrocoagulation, the only
effective remedy known.
Conditions of one or several cavities: These are conditions that take
the form of cavities, located above or below the skin, that contain liquids -
blood, pus, fat, etc. -. The following skin conditions belong to this group: hives
and papules.
Hives or Wheals: they are prominences or elevations of the skin caused
by the accumulation of fluid in the epidermis as a reaction to a harmful agent.
They usually cause itching or stinging, their size is variable and the skin
that covers them is elastic.
Its tone varies depending on the individual's skin type and the factor
that caused the lesion is inflammatory in origin. Skin elevation can have visible
causes; insect bite, rubbing against plants such as nettles or inorganic
elements such as plastic.
Papule: it is an elevation or eruptive tumor that appears on the skin, in
many cases similar to a wheal, which is usually caused by allergic causes.
The size of a papule is variable and occurs in groups or in isolation.
When the papule disappears, it does not leave any marks on the skin.
Papules are classified into:
Ampoule: cavity containing liquid serum, generally colorless, located on
the skin. The blisters cause itching and tension in the skin.
Gallbladder: they are round inflammations and the shape of the surface
is variable depending on the disease that causes it: umbilicated if it is
chickenpox, spherical if it comes from herpes or in the shape of a half circle
in the case of eczema. Like the blister, it is a cavity the size of a lentil that
differs from it in that the cavity is located under the skin.
Pustule: it is a vesicle whose cavity is filled with pus, generally caused
by inflammation.
Cyst: it is distinguished from the previous ones in that its cavity is not
filled with liquid, but rather the content inside is consistent: sebum, serum,
etc. The most common, from an aesthetic point of view, is the sebaceous cyst.
The conditions that we have seen so far are included in the primary
ones and below we will deal with the secondary skin conditions.
Secondary Conditions: we broadly describe those that are considered
the most common.

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 Scar: is the trace left by a wound or sore and is a consequence of the
loss of continuity of a tissue, in this case the skin. The scar takes the same
size as the wound that caused it.
Any deep or poorly healed wound can cause a scar. Sharp elements, the
scalpel from a surgical operation, the wound from an accident, are agents that
cause scars.
Currently, and thanks to plastic surgery, scars are better hidden or
diverted to areas of the body where they are much less visible.
Tattoo: it is also a skin condition and is manifested by the staining or
dyeing of certain pores, leaving the mark produced by the dye. The dyeing
may be accidental or done intentionally in the form of drawings, as is
customary in certain countries and among certain individuals.
In some countries on the African continent, certain areas of the body
are sectioned or divided, such as the face, for aesthetic or religious purposes,
then preventing the tissues from healing normally so that the signs remain.
Flaking: all skins generally suffer from wear or peeling to a greater or
lesser degree, a process that is not noticeable to the naked eye. These scales
that usually come off the epidermis are barely noticeable. Sometimes this
peeling is more obvious, as in the case of dandruff, which is nothing more than
the fall of dead cells from the scalp.
This peeling is more visible in dry skin that is not properly treated,
producing the “lizard skin” effect on the legs that makes them noticeably
ugly.
The scales have a variable color and can be dry or greasy.
Scab: when a wound occurs in any area of the body, it is the same
organism that reacts and closes the injury, as long as its extension does not
exceed certain limits.
This reaction of the body causes an agglomeration of blood substances
in the area of the wound, in order to prevent infection and heal the injury
naturally.
This accumulation of substances is what is called a scab, which will
come off when the wound disappears.
Callosity: this is the increase in the formation of the horny or outer
layer of the epidermis, caused by friction or pressure on the feet, hands,
knees, etc.

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The most frequent are those of the hands, due to hard work or playing a
sport, such as Basque pelota, and those of the feet, due to rubbing from
shoes.

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CLASS 8

CONDITIONS AND TREATMENTS. Second part

Conditions (Other Skin Alterations).

Conditions of the Lips.

It consists of the location, on the lips, of small, loose blisters or rather

groups. Blisters usually appear after a short period in which a sensation of
local heat is felt at the precise point.
Generally, these blisters burst after a few days; Next, a scab forms
that little by little dries, leaving no trace.
This form of herpes is normally called "fever fever", probably because
its appearance is very normal after some febrile illnesses. But, more regularly,
these fevers are caused by gastrointestinal disorders, such as indigestion or
poisoning.
Apart from attacking the causing cause, this form of herpes is cured
by taking care of the cleanliness and asepsis of the affected part, applying
disinfectant liquids or ointments and avoiding touching or rubbing them, so
that they do not become irritated.

Eye Conditions.

It cannot be stressed enough about the care that must be given to the
eyes, organs of vision, and the entire surrounding area.
Irritation of the Eyelids: we are going to pay special attention to the
most frequent conditions of the eyelids which, being an extremely delicate
epidermis, are, however, the subject of great makeup.
Although manufacturers of eye makeup products must adhere to very
strict hygiene rules, there are especially predisposed epidermis that cannot
tolerate mascara or shadows. When swelling or an infection occurs as a result
of cosmetics, there is no choice but to do without them.
But there are also other causes that give rise to disorders in the
region of the eyelids and in the eyes themselves.
Eyeball Irritation: The whites of the eyes can lose their brightness and

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whiteness due to liver and intestinal disorders.
On the other hand, smoke, fatigue, reading for too long or in
inadequate lighting, insomnia, colds and any notable physical discomfort
contribute to spoiling the beauty of the eyes. It is, therefore, of primary
importance to try to lead a hygienic life, to maintain the beauty of the eyes,
which is so important.
If the beautician observes signs of fatigue in her clients' eyes, she will
do well to add some eye baths or cold water compresses before entering the
makeup phase.
The absence of vitamin A causes the conjunctiva to dry out somewhat,
so this deficiency must be met through appropriate foods and medicines.
Bags Under the Eyes: They are formed because a watery serum (and
not fat, as is often believed) infiltrates under the dermis. This anomaly is in
many cases due to hormonal, liver, kidney or circulation disorders and,
obviously, the care of a doctor is necessary, although cosmetics can improve
the external appearance but will never be the solution in case of exist
physiological disorders. Appropriate products for these cases are serums,
anti-wrinkle oils and creams, and vegetable masks. But you have to be careful
with astringent products, which can be harmful in such a delicate area.
As a last remedy there is cosmetic surgery, one of the most successful
practices of which is to make bags under the eyes disappear.
Swelling of the Eyelids: As for the upper eyelids, they frequently
become inflamed due to vision defects (astigmatism, farsightedness, myopia,
etc.). In this case, swelling is avoided with the use of appropriate glasses or
contact lenses.
Other times the swelling of the eyelids is due to deficiencies in the
body, such as thyroid insufficiency or liver or kidney disorders, mentioned
above. But the most common thing is that eyelid swelling is caused by
overwork.
Styes: to finish, we will say that the stye, so common in some people, is
a small boil that forms on the edge of the eyelid, due to an infection of the
tear glands of the eyelids. It can also be caused by constipation or
exhaustion. In case of a stye, warm dressings that help it mature and also
washing with a 4% boric acid solution are advisable. Compresses that are
applied wet in this solution should not be left on for a long time, because they
can cause irritation.

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Scars and Aesthetics.

In principle, all scars are aesthetic, since the new tissue that replaces
the broken one never has the same characteristics as the original, so there
will always be a difference in the color and texture of the skin. However,
surgeons have managed to make sutures so perfect that they barely leave a
visible trace.
But traumatic wounds with tears and those caused by burns must be
treated especially so that they heal as perfectly as possible.
Unsightly Scars due to their Shape: once the scar is formed, it is
possible to treat it, so it will be essential to seek the advice of a
dermatologist.
Scars can be unsightly due to their shape or color. Within the first
group, the scars can be; hypertrophic, adherent, atrophic and depressed. Due
to their color they can be congestive, hyperchromic and achromic.
Each type of scar or deformity corresponds to a treatment that we will
briefly explain.
Hypertrophic Scars: hypertrophy is an excessive increase in the volume
of an organ. Hypertrophic scars are therefore those characterized by an
increase in fleshiness at the site of the scar. They are usually the result of
traumatic wounds or burns in which the healing process has been slow due to
infections, inadequate treatments or problems due to the location of the
wound.
This type of scars are made up of fibrous tissue, with few cells and
little blood supply. Its size and shape can be very varied: from a small
protruding line similar to a cord the color of normal skin, to thick crossed
strips that completely alter the shape of the member or body region. If they
occur on the face, neck, forearms and hands, they constitute a big problem
whose solution is not easy.
If the scar is small and the area allows it, it is best to resort to
surgery, which can remove it and make a soft, barely noticeable scar appear in
its place. If the scar is large, it will be necessary to resort to plastic surgery,
with skin grafts from other parts of the body.
In cases where surgery cannot be used, a massage treatment should be
applied, which can be used alone or as a complement to other procedures, such
as injections of substances that the skin needs.

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 Adherent Scars: These are what are commonly called vicious scars and
are due to burns or deep and extensive chronic infections. Depending on the
regions in which they are located, they can hinder some movements of the
limbs or deform the features of the face.
The same for previous scars, the treatment should be a combination of
massage and application of substances through physical or chemical
procedures.
Regarding surgical treatment, once the deformed skin has been
removed, it will be necessary to resort to grafts and fillers, since these scars
usually lack volume. In this case, the infiltration of a substance called
novocaine (used as a local anesthetic) combined with massages is very
effective. This treatment softens the scar tissue and hydrates it.
Atrophic Scars: The skin of atrophic scars is thinner than normal, shiny
and smooth with fine folds. Some skin diseases leave this type of scars and
also certain burns. The only solution for these scars is surgery, completed
with plastic surgery if necessary.
Atrophic stretch marks: they are a special case within scars.
They are also called pregnancy stretch marks. They are linear, spindle-
shaped or wavy skin atrophies in which the skin, which can acquire a pale pink,
pearly or purplish color, is thin, fine, folded and soft. They usually measure
one to several centimeters long and two to ten millimeters wide. They
generally tend to be parallel to each other.
They generally occur in very diverse regions: belly wall, shoulders,
breasts, buttocks, hips, thighs, knees, etc., depending on the causes that
cause them, ranging from pregnancy and breastfeeding to violent exercises,
obesity or excessively accelerated development during adolescence. Certain
infectious diseases or cortisone-based treatments can also cause them. There
is no treatment for these atrophic stretch marks.
Depressed Scars: These occur after surgical wounds, fistulas or
destructive skin diseases. If they are large, there will be no choice but to
remove the entire lesion and fill the gap that remains with adipose and cellular
tissue. If the scars are small, like those left by smallpox, the only thing that
can be done is to reduce the protruding edges with touches of trichloroacetic
acid or phenol. An attempt can also be made to reactivate the bottom of the
scar by applying massages and chemotherapy.
Unsightly Scars due to their Color: they are called congestive. They

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owe their raised color to a large accumulation of new blood vessels. If these
vessels are large, they will have to be destroyed by chemical procedures, and
if they are not, gentle friction with dry ice is usually effective.
Hyperchromic, or raised color, should be treated as if they were skin
spots, using covering cosmetics, or based on the application of ultraviolet rays
together with a light-sensitive product.
Achromic, or sparsely colored, spots should be treated like pale skin
spots. The procedure is the same as in the previous case, using the
appropriate products.
Healing Processes: as we have indicated, the healing process has
connective tissue as its agent.
Many factors intervene in its constitution and functions, both of a
general nature of the entire organism, and of a local nature, specific to the
part where the scar is located.
The diversity of scars that can occur also depends on this diversity of
factors. Another decisive factor for scar formation is the nature of the
process causing it. A poor general condition (chronic infections or poisoning,
disorders of the metabolism of the endocrine glands) can lead to very
irregular scars, slow to form and worse in appearance. The same occurs when
the person affected by a wound suffers from circulatory disorders,
infections, swellings, or epidermis affected by some deficiency prior to the
recent wound.
Scars Resulting from Surgical Operations: in the case of surgical
interventions, the cutting of the epidermis is carried out under conditions of
special safety, disinfection and care. All precautions are taken so that the
skin does not lose any essential substances and is then sutured correctly, so
that the repair of the epidermis is carried out in optimal conditions, without
complications of infections or suppurations.
In these cases, in a healthy patient, the scar that remains is smooth,
without relief, pale pink or whitish in color and tends to fade as time passes.
It is the ideal type of scars, which do not present major problems. It is then
said that the healing has been carried out “by first intention”.
Scars with Complications: the scar will be unsightly, vicious, due to the
aforementioned alterations, of a general or local order, or to the loss of
substances due to traumatization of the body. Also, if the wound is very
extensive, or if there is suppuration, delaying the healing process. In this

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second form of healing, more difficult remedies will have to be applied if you
want to achieve a better appearance.
This is the case of almost all sudden trauma, due to accidents, burns or
diseases that destroy the epidermis. Specifically, the biggest difference
between a correct and simple scar and a vicious or deformed one is in the time
the healing lasts and the extent of the open surface, which must be replaced
by new tissue.
Unsightly Scars.

The scars that remain on the surface of the skin practically forever
and that greatly affect the aesthetics of the body, are today a great concern
for women, since it has become completely normal to display almost the entire
body on beaches and swimming pools.
Therefore, if a few years ago no importance was given to the fact that
a wound left scars in places that would normally be hidden under clothing,
today special care is necessary and there is no choice but to undergo
treatments that help reduce it or eliminate deformations that have occurred
in accidents, surgical operations or other circumstances.
Scars can be a consequence, as we have indicated, of surgical
operations or other sudden treatments, such as burns or tears due to falls,
blows, various accidents, etc. And certain diseases that destroy the epidermis
because they are ulcerative can also cause them.
Why Scars Form: for a scar to form, it is necessary that, at some
point, the entire dermal layer has been destroyed. If it is not completely
destroyed, the basal layer is responsible for restoring the tissues without
leaving a scar.
The scar is actually new tissue that forms in the place where there has
been a complete tear; but a new tissue that does not have all the properties
of normal epidermis nor does it perform all its functions.
The skin heals thanks to connective tissue, and the better the
conditions of this connective tissue, the fewer malformations the scars will
have.
Deficiencies in the general state of health or the lack of certain
substances contribute to the formation of scars with greater deformities.
The new tissue from which the scar is formed is always fibrous and

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imperfect, less elastic, with fewer skin glands. In short, the scar is an
atrophy of the skin.
The alergies.

It is a state of exaggerated sensitivity of the organism, produced by

the action of a certain specific substance. It is manifested by abnormal
reactions of certain parts of the body (mainly the respiratory system, the
nervous system or the skin) every time the allergenic substance acts, even in a
minimal quantity.
The substances were initially discovered as reactions to certain foods.
Subsequently, it was observed that the allergy was caused by different
agents, such as bacteria, medications, plants, etc., when touched, ingested or
inhaled by the allergic person.
Allergy can occur at any age and without distinction of sex, and the
predisposition to it often manifests itself in childhood.
Allergenic Products and Symptoms: There are multiple products that
can lead the body to this special state of allergy. Therefore, it is often
extremely difficult to find the product that causes the body's
hypersensitivity.
The substances of animal origin that cause the most cases of allergies
are feathers, fur and wool; Among those of plant origin, the most allergenic
are pollen and fungi.
The tissues that are sensitized by the allergy are different, depending
on the person and the way it occurs, although fundamentally these reactions
are similar in all cases.
The symptoms depend in each case on the sensitized tissue; For
example, we have: on the skin: eczema or urticaria, on the mucosa of the nose:
hay fever, in the bronchi: asthma.
Forms of Allergy: There are three forms or types of allergies
depending on how they occur: inhalation, ingestion and contact.
Inhalation Allergy: is produced by inhaled or sniffed substances such
as, for example, fumes, feather or fur dust and, above all, flower pollen; type
of allergy, the latter causing asthma or hay fever.
Hay fever is characterized by having symptoms similar to those of a
common cold, while asthma manifests itself in the form of fits of difficult and

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longing breathing, coughing and expectoration.
There are cases, although they are not frequent, of people who are
allergic to the smell of a lotion or cosmetic or the aroma of a certain perfume.
Allergy due to ingestion: any food can cause an allergy, but there are
some that are especially allergenic, while others are barely allergenic.
Allergens are milk, strawberries, wheat and, very particularly, fish and
shellfish.
Also certain pharmaceutical products, such as penicillin, and alcoholic
beverages, cause allergies if ingested.
This type of allergy is distinguished by causing itching or itching of the
skin, hives, sneezing and asthma attacks.
Contact Allergy: the best-known case of contact allergy (immunity to it
is more of an exception than a rule) is caused by nettles when touched by
carelessness or ignorance. Except in rare cases, contact with nettles causes
people itching and skin irritation and, frequently, hives or eczema. Naturally in
these cases it is not an allergy, but rather the effects of a poisonous plant.
Some people are allergic to certain types of soaps, others to certain
kinds of cosmetics, chemicals, ointments, etc. An allergy to certain types of
fabrics such as wool and, especially, to synthetic fibers (nylon, tergal, etc.) is
also not uncommon.
Allergy Treatments: the diagnosis and treatment of allergies is
complicated and difficult. On the one hand, the phenomenon of allergy is not
very well known; On the other hand, it is often difficult to determine which
product or substance is causing the allergy, a necessary condition to be able
to apply the appropriate treatment to each case.
As we have already said before, it is considered that the predisposition
to allergy is born with the same person, with many specialists believing that
this predisposition is hereditary. For example, allergies to penicillin are
common among young children, causing a reaction that sometimes leads to a
fatal outcome.
The process to follow for diagnosis and treatment is as follows:
Identification of the allergenic substance; When it comes to a product, you
have to find which of its components is the allergen.
Prevent the allergic person from coming into contact with said
substance in the future, or at least avoid it as much as possible.
Follow the treatment that the doctor prescribes (immunizing serums or

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vaccines, drugs that in progressive doses free the allergic disease, etc.).
Sometimes it is very difficult to avoid contact with the allergenic
substance, as in the case of pollen, especially if the allergic person lives in the
countryside. Other cases are easier to avoid: contact with feathers, hair, etc.
In aesthetics, the problem of a client being allergic to a certain
cosmetic is often raised. In this case, it will be necessary to stop using this
product with said client, replacing it when possible with another that fulfills
the same function. It is also very important to reassure the client, making the
case less serious and guiding her appropriately so that she does not suffer
another allergic reaction.
Allergy of Psychological Origin: there is another type of allergy caused
by psychic reasons and that produces, just by observing a certain object,
substance or animal, an entire state of allergy. In this case, the advice of a
specialist in the matter is necessary, that is, a psychiatrist, since there may
be a mental alteration caused by a psychological trauma.
Pruritus or Itching: Pruritus is a skin reaction, characterized by
discomfort that can be more or less intense. It manifests itself in the form
of a strong itch.
Causes of Pruritus: the causes that can give rise to pruritus are
diverse; Among the most frequent we have:
Organic disorders: liver and kidney failure, diabetes, hypertension, etc.
Emotional or psychological disorder: anguish, economic or job insecurity, etc.

Inadequate diet.
Allergy.

Treatment: the treatment of this condition is frequently difficult,

since to do so you must first know its origin and this, as we have indicated, is
sometimes practically impossible.

determine it.
For this reason, sometimes it is necessary to successively consult
doctors from different specialties until the original cause is located. Once
this is achieved, the same doctor will give the treatment that he believes is
best.

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CLASS 9

APPARATOLOGY.
High frequency (Alternating Current).

This current circulates alternatively in one direction and in the

opposite, and changes its intensity at a rate of 50 or 60 times per second.
Alternating current is used in domestic and industrial electrical
installations, such as high frequency or radio frequency (short or medium
wave band), infrared, ultraviolet, etc.
Electricity produces different biological phenomena depending on the
way it is explained and its characteristics of frequency, intensity, etc., for
example, it is well known that an electric shock can kill a person or cause a
burn.
Since the generalization of electrical energy for lighting industrial
uses, its application has been extended to medicine and surgery.
Nowadays it is used in beauty and aesthetic institutes for different
treatments, especially for high frequency current.
The high-frequency current passes through the body, passing from
electrode to electrode and producing long, cold sparks on the skin. When the
electrodes are quartz like those used in dermatology, ultraviolet rays are
produced, this is the reason why the high-frequency device is also called
ultraviolet rays. The sparks that fly from the electrodes to the skin cause a
slight tingling sensation. When vacuum glass electrodes are used, as the high-
frequency current passes through them, these electrodes illuminate in a blue-
violet tone (ultraviolet rays).

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 If the glass electrode contains neon gas inside, then the tone it
acquires when illuminated is orange.

Neon Electrode.

Orange Light.

Debacterizing.
Healing.
Anti-inflammatory.
Oxygenating.
Uses: acne, skin edema, rosacea, skin cleansing, hydration.

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Violet Electrode.

Toning.
Stimulating.
Oxygenating.
Regenerator.
Healing.
Uses: general hydration, tissue sagging, muscle atony, sebaceous gland
stimulator.

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Orange Wavy Electrode.

Healing for cases of acne or broken vessels.

T Electrode for the Neck.

Violet.

Neck toner.
Neck hydration.

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Comb Shaped Electrode.
Violet.

For baldness.
Hair loss.
Hair follicle stimulant.

Power Intensity.

Depending on the case, when using both violet and orange electrodes
the power is:
1-4: acne, minor wounds, general healing.
4-8: moisturize and stimulate sebaceous glands, to penetrate products
into the skin.
8-10: muscle and tissue atony.
The application of high frequency current varies depending on the type
of electrode used and the way in which it is used, direct sparking, massages,
etc.
Direct Sparking: in this case, the electrode is passed slowly over the
entire face and neck, giving it the appropriate graduation. It is indicated in
cases of oily skin, it is applied for one or two minutes before applying the

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mask.
It is also indicated in cases of flaccid skin, in this case a thin gauze is
applied to the skin surface so that the sparkling stimulates the muscles. The
graduation will be smooth also applied before the mask.
Activates nerve endings and blood circulation.
Massage with Different Electrodes: it is carried out by supporting the
corresponding electrode directly and gently on the patient's skin, its effects
are sedative and anticongestive. With this modality, the cream that is applied
afterwards fully penetrates the skin and thus takes full advantage of its
properties.
Flat Circular Electrode: used to give a circular massage all over the
face.
Curved Fork Electrode (T): it is to be applied to the neck, especially in
cases of double chin.
Tip Electrode: to dissect pimples and blemishes in cases of purulent or
pustular acne.
In all cases and with a precautionary measure, before applying the
relevant electrode to the patient's face, a finger must be placed on it, while
the massage is being performed you can remove the finger that makes
contact with the electrode. When removing or lifting the electrode from the
face, you must first place your finger back on the electrode.
If this precaution of placing the finger on the electrode is not taken,
sparks would fly from the electrode to the patient's face. The shower of
sparks does not represent any danger but can frighten the patient.

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DC. (Galvanic).

Direct current is because it remains at the same voltage and intensity

at all points in the circuit; one does not feel it because it does not have
waves. Galvanic current is continuous.
The name Galvanica is adopted from its discoverer Luis Galván.
Ionization Product molecule:
Epidermis collagen, elastin, reticulin.

Ionization: (iontopheresis, ionopheresis), it

acts through ions, which only contains aqueous
substances (water, it contains it), these products
are called biological serum. Ionization is used to
penetrate substances into the skin, such as collagen,
elastin, vitamins, phytotherapy or reticulin. Metal electrodes are exclusive
to the
Galvanic current.

Application of Ionization.
1 The patient must be devoid of metals.
2 Connection of the Galvanic current device to the electrical
network.
3 Application of the biological serum all over the client's face.
4 Moisten the positive electrode with salt water.
5 The device will be given the appropriate graduation according to
the client's sensitivity, that is, until you notice a tingling sensation and a
metallic taste.

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 The graduation will vary depending on the case between 1 to 3
milliammeters.
6 We will slowly pass the positive pole over the entire skin until all of
the biological serum penetrates.
7 If after having penetrated the product there is still something
left over, a second application will be made with the rest, repeating the
same previous movements from beginning to end.
Maximum duration of each session of 10 minutes.
Note: the negative electrode on the patient's hand. After the network is
turned off, the electrodes are removed.

Scaling:

Alkaline substances to stabilize the skin at pH 5.5

Descaling Process.
1 The controls are set to zero so that the milliammeter does not
read anything.
2 The positive pole rod or terminal is delivered to the customer.
Previously, the client must remove jewelry, candy and other metals.
3 We apply the negative electrode to the client's face. The
electrode must first be moistened with a cotton ball in the descaling lotion.
4 Once the negative electrode is applied to the face, the intensity
regulator is moved little by little, until the patient notices a tingling
sensation and a metallic taste.
5 Normally the average intensity that the milliammeter will show at
that moment is 1.5.
6 We will pass the negative electrode over the entire face with soft
and slow rotating movements, insisting on the oiliest areas.
7 This entire operation must always be done without lifting the
negative pole at any time.
Descaling serves to free the hair follicle from excess fat
accumulated in it.

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 To do this, we will put the poles of the Galvanic current device in
contact with the epidermis in its descaling phase.
Through this current, the negative pole produces soda and through
electrolysis it emulsifies the sebum, leading to saponification or conversion
of the sebum into soap, achieving a deep cleansing of the follicle.
This type of therapy is suitable for oily, seborrheic, acneic and mixed
oily skin.

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CLASS 10

BODY CARE.

Body Peeling. (Veil).

Protocol:
Prepare the stretcher with plastic.
Have water in a large container (it is convenient to have water and
drain in the cabin).
With the patient face up, we place cleansing milk and remove it with
gauze (it is to clean the entire area to be worked on).
We exfoliate with an exfoliating brush or scrubber (remove dead
cells).
Body mask: clay, seaweed, etc. (20 minutes)
We apply moisturizing cream with gentle massages.
Then we apply the same procedure with the patient face down.
At each step we remove with clean water and gauze.

Hair removal.
It is a technique that allows you to remove hair from its roots and thus
slow its growth.
Among the different techniques we find:
1 Laser.
It is a very expensive method and does not remove gray hair.
2 Electro hair removal.
Removes hairs one by one using tweezers and electric charge.
3 Electrolysis.
A live needle is inserted into each pore with electric current.
4 Waxing.
Cold wax: marshmallow, caramel, sugars. The disadvantage is that it
does not open pores and therefore irritates the skin.
Hot wax: forms folliculitis, because it is reusable.
Synthetic resin: Beauty Image: Spanish.

Depil Hygiene: Spanish.

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 Akayú: Colombian.
Mediterranean: Italian.
Note: hair removal is not definitive, there is still no system that completely
eliminates hair.

Implements to Work Hair Removal.

Stretcher.
Disposable sheet.
Cotton.
Absorbent paper.
Low tongue (wooden paddle).
Eyebrow tweezers.
Antiseptic.
Talcum powder.
Flavored oil.
Hair removal pot with thermostat.
Resin.
Tape to remove the resin from the skin.
(All of these implements are easily purchased at an aesthetic distribution
center).
Note: If the stretcher or any container gets stained, clean it with oil and if it
is on the clothes or fabrics, boil it.

Protocol:
Antiseptic is applied to clean the area.
Talc to remove the resin well.
The texture of the resin when placed in the hair removal pot should be
like honey, neither too hard nor too liquid.
It is applied in sections, towards the growth of the hair, and the tape
is placed and removed opposite to the growth of the hair.
To shave the knee we bend the leg.
Then the face down procedure.
In the armpits it is done in two parts depending on the hair growth.

At the bikini line, absorbent paper is placed over the underwear and
the resin is placed in the area and removed against hair growth.

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Whatever remains in the hair removal is removed with tweezers.

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Ten Secrets for a healthy life. No stress, expense or
complications

Sometimes we think that to stay healthy and beautiful!!! You have to

invest a lot of time and money. To be honest this was the vision of beauty
many years ago, but this has changed.
In our time, beauty is health and well-being and health and well-being
are beauty.

As we feel good inside, that is, in the spiritual and physical realm, this is
reflected in our skin, eyes, hair and ultimately how we look. When we start to
think that we have to lose weight (or gain), exercise, take vitamins, relax,
drink water, etc., etc., the list becomes endless and overwhelms us. As a
natural reaction we do nothing, we become immobilized. Remember great feats
are started and finished one step at a time.

Below we explain 10 simple activities to improve your life, health and

beauty one step at a time. It is easy to incorporate them into daily life.

Always eat breakfast. Breakfast is considered by many to be the most

important meal of the day. With the morning runs that almost all of us
endure, it is sometimes difficult to eat well. A cup of coffee with bread is not
a good breakfast. Breakfast should provide us with energy and vitality. It
should include all food groups and be low in fat. A good breakfast will help you
concentrate better during the day.
Move on. We are constantly reminded of the importance of physical
exercise, but with so much to do it is not easy to exercise. One of the most
complete exercises is walking. When walking we move all the muscles and we
relax. A daily walk for 20 or 30 minutes will help you relax, sleep well, and
have firm muscles. If you can't go to the gym, or don't like to go, walking is an
easy and effective option. If you prefer something more exotic, dance (with
or without a partner), ride a bike, swim or practice yoga with a video.

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 Take an energizing bath . Sometimes we think that to relax and have
beautiful and soft body skin we have to go to a spa. The easiest way to take
care of your skin is during the bath. Use a natural sponge or a natural
scrubber to apply the soap. This way you will be exfoliating your body,
activating circulation and giving yourself a light massage. Always apply cream
after bathing especially on areas prone to dryness such as legs.
Stretch. Try to stretch during the day. Whether during your walk, or in
the mornings and afternoons. A few seconds of stretching will eliminate
muscle stress and energize you. Simply stand up, raise your arms and reach
for the sky.
Sleep. Lack of sleep is catastrophic for health and beauty. Always try
to sleep required hours.

Sleeping Beauty surely had exquisite skin. Well, sleep has a positive
effect on our beauty and health. Just imagine how you feel when you don't
sleep well, without energy, sometimes irritated, it's difficult to concentrate
and so many other things. And as you well know, it is also noticeable in your
physical appearance, dark circles are the most obvious symptom, but the skin
also becomes dull, loses its natural shine, the eyes can turn red and the
appearance in general is different.
Now imagine what happens when you get used to not sleeping well or not
getting enough sleep for long periods of time. The effects of not getting
enough sleep are harmful. Don't think that by not sleeping you are deceiving
your body, no one deceives your body for long.

What is the dream?

It is a dynamic process (although it may seem otherwise), during which
the mind is active. There are several stages during sleep and each of them is
important and in each of them the mental activity is different.

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The Effects of Lack of Sleep
Lack of sleep is no joke, it is detrimental to your health. How long
should you sleep? The answer depends on each individual. In general terms,
doctors recommend 7 to 8 hours for adults and 9 hours for adolescents.

The effects on the skin

Lack of sleep produces free radicals that cause premature aging. The
skin loses its shine and natural freshness, becoming dull. During the night the
body eliminates waste, recovers from daily stress and rests. When we do not
sleep enough these functions are altered. The skin, as we said before,
expresses this attack by looking dull, with dark circles (by not eliminating
waste) and aging. A person who stays up frequently whether for work,
pleasure or simply because they cannot sleep has skin that does not radiate
health and will age prematurely.

Other Reasons to Sleep

To stay young. The effects of lack of sleep are similar to aging.

Cortisol and glucose levels increase, which can cause high blood pressure,
diabetes and obesity. These effects are similar to those of aging. Getting
enough sleep will keep you calmer and younger. This is the result of research
at the University of Chicago

Waters. Water is the vital liquid. Nurtures your skin and intern organs.
Try to keep water close to you at all times so it will be easier for you to drink
it.

The importance of drinking water

We all know about the famous eight glasses of water. We have read
about them, the doctor has recommended it to us and our friends talk about
it.

What's so special about eight glasses of water a day?

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 Water is the vital liquid for life. In matters of beauty, it is no less
important to moisturize the skin from within, eliminate toxins, keep our body
healthy and make the skin look radiant.

Eight glasses a day is a way to simplify the amount of water we need.

The amount really varies depending on the climate where we live, our level of
physical activity, and whether we are in places with recirculated air such as
air conditioning and heating all day. Under normal conditions, eight glasses are
the appropriate amount of water, but if our climate is very hot or if we
exercise a lot, we should drink more. If the weather is dry, eight glasses may
not be enough.

Be sure to ingest the necessary vitamins. If this is not possible, make

sure you take a multivitamin capsule a day.

Smile.
The smile is the expression of internal happiness (although there is
also a fake one). Try to take a problem to see. When you feel that stress is
overwhelming you, take a deep breath, remember that it is easier to make
mistakes when you are stressed and confused.
Show your best face to life. Everyday do something to create a better
world. You don't have to volunteer and go to Africa to feed the poorest. With
small activities such as smiling at a stranger or giving way to someone who is
walking quickly, giving up your seat on the train, putting the trash in its place
and not wasting energy, you are contributing to creating a better world.

Meditate or pray.
Communion with the supreme being helps us stay mentally healthy,
strengthens our spirit and helps us know ourselves better. With 5 minutes a
day you will notice a big difference.

Practical Tips for Meditation

1- The morning state of mind is ideal for meditation. The same happens
at sunset. The ambient temperature and energy at these times is ideal for
immersing yourself in the state of serenity and contemplation that meditation
requires. The time of meditation must be selected carefully, you must select a
time when you have time to do it, remember meditation requires us to be calm.
2- It is important to establish a meditation routine. For this you have
to select a special place (a sofa, bed or any other place) and a certain time.
You should always meditate at the same time and in the same place. In this
way we are learning that at that time we are going to enter a period of calm
for ourselves. Remember the habit makes the monk.

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 3- Before starting a period of meditation it is important to mentally
tell our body and our being: calm down, forget the past, forget the present,
forget the future. This conditions us to concentrate. It's not easy at first
but with a little practice you can do it.
4- If you sit to meditate try to sit with your face to the north or east.
This is a yoga practice to benefit from the energy in those directions. Sit
comfortably in a position where you are relaxed.
5- If possible you should have a special room to meditate. This way you
can use that space to create a beautiful environment, full of calm and
tranquility, put fresh flowers, incense and keep it fresh and tidy. This will be
your refuge.
6- The first activity when meditating is to breathe deeply, you must
be aware of your breathing. Breathing can be rhythmic: first you inhale, then
you hold the air and finally you exhale, try to maintain the same time in each
activity. Remember breathing keeps the flow of prana (life energy) flowing.
7- Don't force your mind to think about something rigidly, breathe and
try to concentrate on your breathing, let your mind calm down little by little.

8- Select a focal point to concentrate on, it can be the midpoint

between your eyebrows or the heart. The focal point should always be the
same. This point has the function of making your mind concentrate without
straining. Try to focus your thoughts on that point, imaginatively visualize it.

9- If you want you can use a mantra (the word that is constantly
repeated) if you have a personal mantra use it otherwise you can use any
mantra. One of the most used mantras is OM.
10- Practice makes perfect, if you practice these steps or other
meditation techniques you will see how this brings peace of mind to your life.
Don't expect immediate results, meditation takes time. Start with a few
minutes and increase the time gradually.

Eliminates Toxins
Water is the best weapon to eliminate toxins. If we drink enough water
we are continually eliminating the toxins that accumulate. Start your day by
drinking a cup of hot water with lemon juice. This helps the body eliminate
impurities accumulated during the night.
Some foods such as processed foods, especially those rich in saturated
fats, are harmful to the skin. Saturated fats increase the number of free
radicals and cause us to age faster. An example of these foods are the sweets
that children consume such as tostitos, churritos, chips and donuts. Corn oils
and some cheeses are equally harmful.

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HOME REMEDIES FOR THE BODY

In this place you can find all the practices, which by the way are very simple,
to preserve the beauty of the skin.

Skin Allergies
If you are one of those people to whom certain chemical substances (paints,
etc.) or contact with vegetables (eggplants, etc.) cause allergies, such that
your skin turns red. I recommend that to alleviate these manifestations, apply
natural yogurt with honey (the dose I recommend is one tablespoon of honey
for every 4 tablespoons of yogurt) on the affected area, let it dry and then
wash with warm water.

stuck rings
It has happened to all women at some point that a gold ring gets stuck on our
finger. If you have already tried everything (soap, oil) and the ring still
doesn't want to come off, it is very effective to try the alternative
emergency method. before circulation is interrupted: dip the finger in alcohol,
then place it in a container with mercury (it can be found in pharmacies), yes,
you have to know in advance that the ring is going to break, but at least it will
be will recover the finger healthy and safe.

Anti-wrinkle
I assure you that if you want to preserve your skin in an extraordinary way,
you must trust carrots as an essential ally, in addition to including it in your
diet, you can use it as a cream, for this you have to obtain carrot juice
through the blender, take as breakfast every morning, it is preferable to save
a little bit of it and then apply it to the face, once it has dried, rinse it with
warm water. Carrot has antioxidants in large quantities that will delay skin
aging.

Personal mosquito repellent

I have to give you an exceptional remedy to avoid the mosquito bites so
frequent on summer nights: place some (crushed) eucalyptus seeds on your
pillow or carry them in your pockets.

Recovery bath
If you have one of those days when it is impossible to continue, but you must
continue, it is very good, instead of stuffing your body with caffeine, to
immerse yourself in a bathtub with very hot water to which you have added a
handful

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of coarse salt (acts as a relaxant and decongestant) and 1 liter and mint
infusion (has active ingredients menthol, menthene, limonene that work as
stimulants).

bags under the eyes

If you want to know the origin, I tell you that these annoying bags can be
produced in most cases by the accumulation of fluid in the tissues, and many
others due to lack of sleep. If your wish is to improve them and reduce
swelling, you should place them on Apply a plaster of crushed cooked apple
daily to them and let it act for 40 minutes.

Calluses
If your feet are tormented by calluses, it is very good that you try this
remedy: daily cook two slices of onion and two cloves of garlic in very little
water for 3 minutes, crush the ingredients, and after obtaining a paste,
spread over the calluses, wrap with gauze and leave for 1 hour.

Exfoliating cream
If you need to rid your skin of the dead cells that have accumulated, there is
nothing better than preparing a homemade cream with warm water and whole
oatmeal (since it contains disinfectant and protective properties, in addition
to performing an abrasive task).

Pimples
If you have children in puberty and suffer from these pimples, better than
applying creams available on the market to them, is to apply whole wheat
bread soaked in hot milk on their face for ¾ of an hour every day. This
preparation has disinfectant and astringent properties.

Stretch marks
This illness so suffered by women can be improved if we place a plaster of
grated carrot mixed with almond milk on the affected area daily (it must be
mixed until obtaining a fine paste that can be easily applied). It is preferable
to let it dry on the area, otherwise you can cover it with gauze and let it act
as long as possible.

Cracks in hands

I have washed dishes and even clothes with my own hands all my life. In order
to keep them in good condition and avoid cracks, I grease my hands with a
paste made in the following way: mix a couple of tablespoons of olive oil with a

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grated raw potato.

Cracks in the nipples

If you are one of the women who suffers from cracking during breastfeeding,
it is very useful to spread the nipples with a beaten egg white. Once the first
layer dries, another layer is added up to 3 layers. This procedure will be
repeated every day.

Spots on the face

If allergic spots occur on the face due to the sun or cold, it can be solved by
applying a plaster of crushed watercress leaves to the damaged area for half
an hour twice a day.

Chapped and dry lips

If you suffer from chapped lips in times of intense cold, you can make a mask
with a mixture of natural yogurt and a few drops of lemon, leave it on for
approximately ¾ hour and rinse with warm water.

Cleansing milk
If you want to obtain an excellent homemade cleansing milk, you should mix
half a glass of milk, a little bread crumbs and 6 pieces of turnip in the
blender. Once a liquid consistency is obtained, apply to the face as usual. This
way the skin will look fresh and clean.

tobacco stains
If you smoke and nicotine stains appear on your hands, you can remove them
by rubbing your fingers with a cotton ball soaked in gin.

rough hands
If your hands, as a result of daily work, become dry and rough to the touch,
you can try to soften them by soaking them in hot salt water for a few
minutes, then dry them and spread them with an egg yolk mixed with two
tablespoons of oil. Once this mixture dries it should be rinsed with warm
water.

Perfect make up
If you prefer to wear a more natural makeup and avoid excessive shine, you
can resort to this simple trick: before applying makeup, sprinkle your face
with a cotton pad soaked in rice powder (to do this, simply grind a little rice in
a food processor).

Mask to achieve fine skin

If you have to achieve a fine and soft complexion in a few days, nothing

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better than every other day a mask composed of milk, honey and a little
powdered clay.

Mask for oily skin

If you have very oily skin, it is best to apply a mask made with crushed plum
pulp every morning for 1 hour (since the plum has an astringent and toning
effect and therefore normalizes the sebaceous secretion of the glands).

Baggy eyes
Here is the best advice to eliminate the deepest dark circles, the product of
a bad night, pour two tablespoons of vegetable oil on a grated carrot, after
mixing well, apply to closed eyes, covering them with two slices of fresh
cucumber, for 30 minutes and remove.

Freckles
If you want to reduce the number of spots that appear in the areas of the
nose, cheekbones and cheeks, one way is to spread strawberry and lemon juice
on your face every day and leave it on for half an hour.

Black spots
If you want to cleanse the skin of those horrible blackheads, there is nothing
better than making a mask made with natural yogurt, a splash of lemon and
just a few drops of natural vinegar. Leave it on for half an hour and wash with
warm water. Over the course of a few days the blackheads will disappear.

Ear plugs
If you think you are losing your hearing, in addition to consulting an ENT
doctor, you can check that you do not have earplugs, since it has been proven
that they reduce hearing by up to 50%. If you have to eliminate them, you can
soften them with applications of hot oil every three hours, the next day it is
enough to irrigate the ear with hot water with a syringe without a needle.
Repeat as many times as necessary until all the accumulated wax is removed.

SEVENTY RECIPES TO ACQUIRE A GREAT

PERSONALITY AND SUCCEEDING IN LIFE

1- Believe that you can succeed: and you will. (Success is feeling fulfilled
and being able to do many things for others).

2- Creates. The Bible says that faith can move mountains. Believe and you
will move mountains of fears, frustrations, worries and failures and throw

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them into the sea of tranquility.

3- Those who believe they can move mountains, do so. Those who believe
they can't, can't. Few people believe they can move mountains and that is why
few people achieve it. You can achieve success by believing that you will
achieve it. "If you believe, all things are possible for you," said Christ (Mark
9:23.

4- A positive attitude works towards success. Positive attitude is

believing. "Yes I can succeed. Successes were also made for me. "I was
created to succeed and not to fail." Having a positive attitude produces
energy and skills to succeed.

5- If you believe that it is possible for you to climb to the top: You will
not find the steps to climb. Think success and you will succeed. Think failure
and you will fail.

6- The how to do it always comes to the people who believe that they can
succeed. The certainty that we are going to achieve success leads us to
search and find the means to obtain it. And we get important people to help us
with their trust.

7- Most people do not have a strong belief that they are going to succeed
in life and that is why they do not succeed. To win it is necessary to believe
that we can win.
8- The belief that great results will be achieved is what has achieved the
great inventions, the famous books, the great businesses, the formidable
apostolates, the political successes.

9- Believe that you will succeed and you will. Believe in failure and you will
fail. When chatting with unsuccessful people you hear them say: "I already
knew that wasn't going to work." The attitude "I don't think it will work"
produces failures.

10- Not believing in success is a negative power. When the mind doubts and
does not believe that we can succeed, this attracts reasons to support failure.
Not really wanting success is the cause of many failures.

11- Those who have succeeded were not super intelligent, nor "super
anything else." If not super confident in themselves or in God's help. They
believed they could get the best, and they got it. "Blessed is he who trusts in

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God, he will be strong as a mountain."

12- It is good to admire those who have succeeded, but we should not
worship them as if they were people different from us. You can also get wins
like them. They believed they could get better, and they got it. Observe what
the attitudes of successful personalities are like: they are positive attitudes:
they believed that success was possible, and it was possible. That is where
they are superior to us: that they had faith in success and faith brought them
victory. Jesus said: "As your faith is, so will be the things that happen to you"
(Matthew 8:8). He said this about faith in Him, but it is fulfilled very well
whenever faith is talked about.

13- Those who believe they are worth little, obtain little. Those who believe
they cannot do great things, do not do them. Belief in success is the
thermometer that marks the successes we are going to achieve. Observe the
mediocre: the thermometer of your own hope for success is reflected in their
words, their deeds, and their failures. To these distrustful people we should
repeat the Lord's phrase to Peter when he was sinking among the waves
because of his fear: "Why did you doubt, man of little faith?" (S. Matthew
14:32).

14- Those who believe they can do great things, do them. Let us examine
the lives of people who are moving forward in progress. They have positive
thoughts. They are sure of a triumphant future. They believe that the good
Lord brought them into the world to participate in their own triumphs, and
not to be failures.

15- A person is the product of his own thoughts. Raise the thermometer of
your hopes, and the number of your triumphs will rise.

16- We must make the mind work for us and not against us. I compared
myself, one says, with those who succeeded, and I realized that they were no
more gifted than me. So because they put their mind to work in their favor,
and it produced initiatives, desire for success, security of achieving their
goals. I, on the other hand, had my mind busy taking me towards the abyss
with its negative thoughts, full of pessimism and hopelessness.

17- Believe in yourself and in the power of God: and good things will happen.
Do a simple experiment. Get a gospel and point there to the promises made by
God to those who believe in his power and goodness. You will be amazed to
know the wonders that have been made for you but that you have not
achieved for one reason: you have not believed in the immense power of your
father: God.

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18- The mind is a factory of thoughts. But it has two bosses: Mr. Triumph
and Mr. Defeat. Mr. Trump creates positive thoughts: reasons to convince you
that your life is about achieving lots of success. And Mr. Defeat creates
negative thoughts. He specialized in telling you the reasons why everything is
going to turn out badly for you. Triumph and Defeat are very obedient. You
call Mr. Defeat and he tells you: "This is a bad day, you are unlucky, people
have ill will toward you, etc............................................................ and since Mr.
Defeat is tremendously effective, he will convince you through negative
thoughts that you will fail, because you have already failed before. What
people say about you... that you are not good for this...
But if you call Mr. Trump, he also begins to produce positive thoughts:
"This is a great day. Health is going well. People have very good will etc You
tell him: "I find myself in a difficult situation: Mr. Teller of my thoughts:
what do you advise me?" And Mr. Trump tells him: "Remember that you have
already triumphed before... that people have confidence in you... that there
are many who speak well of your good qualities, etc., etc.

Now: Why do you call the Cashier defeated if he only has sad thoughts
about you? The only correct solution is to fire Mr. Defeat. You don't need it.
He can't help you with anything. Throw him out onto the street. And employ
Mr. Trump. He has a whole collection of optimistic thoughts in his mind tank.
Use Mr. Trump's advice hour by hour and minute by minute. This will do you
great good.

19- Today there are more than a million possibilities in the world for people
who want to succeed: you be one of them. Don't be one of those who crawl
through life believing that they can get nothing. Be one of those who believe
that God prepared triumphs for them. The first step that cannot be avoided,
in order to succeed, is: believe in God's help. Believe in yourself, and you will
succeed. "If God is with us, who can be against us" (Saint Paul).

20- Three means to obtain the power of belief in victory.

Always think about success, never think about failure. When presented
with a difficult situation, never think, "I'll probably lose." Rather say "I will
win." When someone succeeds, never think "I'm disqualified." I will not
achieve what he achieved." Think rather: "I have chances too, I can too."
When you think about probable successes, your mind creates plans that
produce them, but if you imagine failure, your mind produces thoughts that
attract you.
Remember that you are better than you think you are. The lucky ones
are not supermen. Success does not require superintelligence. Successful

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people are generally ordinary people, but they have developed the belief that
they can succeed, and they believe in the good results of what they do.
NEVER SELL YOURSELF CHEAP. NEVER SELL AT A LOW PRICE! You are
worth much more than you imagine.

Create big. If you think in small goals you will obtain minimal
achievements. If you set big goals, you will achieve great success.

21- Invest in yourself: The best way to spend is to save. Invest in

education, in learning more every day, in getting new ideas, in presenting
yourself better. In planning what you do. Dedicate some time each day to
educate yourself: reading, meditating, consulting, examining the reasons for
your failures, plans to succeed, how to treat others better, etc. That time
may be your best investment for the future.

22- Cure yourself from escusitis: Unsuccessful people suffer from an

illness, dull thoughts: excusitis. The luckier a person is, the less excuses they
look for to say that failure is very likely.

Mediocre people look for many reasons to excuse themselves for what
they don't do. Prosperous people cast out excuses that might invite them not
to act. Beethoven could have excused himself from composing music due to his
deafness. Milton could excuse himself from writing poetry due to his
blindness. Marco Fider Suárez could excuse himself in his total poverty and
abandonment (son of a very poor washerwoman) for not aspiring to be
president of the Republic. Bolívar could excuse himself in his first 17 defeats,
not to aspire to be the Liberator of America. But they made no excuses. They
believed that success was possible, and they achieved it.

Excusitis is a disease that worsens if it is not attacked. At first the

victim of excusitis realizes that the "excuse" that motivates him not to do
things to achieve success is a lie. But as thoughts become stronger as they
are fertilized by repetition, the poor person finally becomes convinced that
this excuse is really the reason for his failures. And accept that great
falsehood as truth. Therefore, procedure number one: Get vaccinated against
excusitis, a disease of failures.

23- There are many excuses: but the main ones are four:

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 My health is not good: It is the reason why many people do not do what
was going to bring them the success they need. Think of the personalities who
could use these excuses not to act and did not use them. Saint Paul suffered
from malaria and no one stopped him in his great activities to spread religion.
Pasteur was almost paralyzed on one side, and did not rest for a moment until
he managed to discover vaccines. Saint John Bosco suffered continuous
headaches, toothaches, and his legs were very swollen, and thus he founded
forty schools. Roosevelt had polio and ruled the most powerful nation, the
United States.

Doctors say: "The perfect time of complete health does not exist.
"Everyone fails at something." "Successful people do not give up in the face of
these failures."
Schlinder wrote one of the most useful and beautiful books of this
century: "How to Live 365 Days." We recommend it. Reading does more good
than taking a vitamin treatment. And there it says: "three out of every four
beds in the hospital are occupied by people suffering from

IEACE: Emotional Inclination to Believe They Are Sick". They wouldn't be in

the hospital if they had gotten used to ignoring the excuse of poor health.
Friend: You don't live to be sick. Say like that optimist: "I intend to
live until I die. I will not allow life and death to mix in me. "As long as I live on
this earth I will not believe I am dead." Or like that mutilated man, whose arm
was cut off in the war, "it is better to have only one arm and live happy, than
to have two arms and always live sad." THINK ABOUT IT FOR A LONG TIME!

Vaccines against health excuxitis:

a) Never talk about bad health. It is a bad custom. The more you talk about
your ailments, the more they get worse. And that bores people. It makes him
appear self-centered. Like an old child. You will get a little compassion but no
admiration. The next time when they ask you, “How are you?”, respond
cheerfully, “Very good, thank God.” This will make you feel healthier, and your
happy thoughts strengthen you.

b) Thank God for the good health you have. Don't stop appreciating it when
you've already lost it. Many goods were not received because they were not
thanked to the good God. "I felt sad," one said, "because of my broken shoes,
until I saw one smiling and that one had no feet." Better than complaining
about what your health lacks, live being grateful for the health you do have.
Thanking God for what He has given you is a vaccine against new diseases.

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Think about the immense value of those eyes, those ears, those feet, that
brain and heart that you have, and you will praise heaven for the treasures it
has given you!

24- The excusitis of lack of intelligence: "I'm not that intelligent, that's
why I can't get those wins."
We say this excuse in silence. Almost never in public. But we accept it.
We believe in this evil, for two reasons:

1-We underestimate our own brain power.

2-We overestimate the brain power of those who do succeed. We sell

ourselves at a very low price. We give up undertaking important works because
"that requires a powerful brain", and then another comes along, who is not
more intelligent than us, but who dares, who does not have that fear, and does
those works and succeeds.

What matters is not how much intelligence you have, but how you use
it. I hope you read this important phrase again.
The wise Teller said: "The important thing to succeed in study is not to
have a super memory or super intelligence, but to have a great interest and
enthusiasm for study." Interest and enthusiasm. Remember it friend!

'Working, planning, persevering, without getting discouraged brings more

rewards than having a powerful intelligence, but not daring to act. Because
Consistency is 95% of what is later called skill.
Don't be one of those suicidal people who spend all their brain power
figuring out "why and how you can fail?"
They have the same intelligence as others, but they do not dare to use
their intelligence.

One is not more because he is more intelligent, but because he makes

the intelligence he has work harder.

Remedies: Never believe that you are worth little. Never believe that
others are worth much more than you. That's a lie.
When you see someone who succeeds, immediately think: "He is worth a
lot. That's true. But I am not worth less than him. Blessed be God!

25- The excusitis of age: You are only as old as you think you are. Some
believe that after the age of 50 or 60, the age of triumph is over. They
forget that true old age does not begin before 80. Today psychology divides

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human life like this: Childhood up to 12 years old; youth up to 25; adulthood
25 to 50; and middle age (maturity, the best of life) from 50 to 70.

Think about those who achieved great success after 60. John XXIII
was Pope at 80, and what a great Pontiff. Leo XIII wrote the most famous
document in favor of workers at the age of 90. Adenauer raised Germany
from its greatest misery to a world superpower, when he was already 70 years
old. Churchill won World War II when he was already 70.

Remember: You are only as old as you think you are. Believe yourself
young and you will feel young and act young. It will only be too late when you
think it is too late to take action.

26- Excusitis of luck: So-and-so did succeed because he was lucky, but I
Luck is not, in most cases, but carefully planned and patiently executed
work. That is the "luck" that has made the Vatican, General Motors, the
Kremlin, and those big companies that you know, triumph.
Don't look for luck in those who succeed. Look for the causes that have
produced this good effect: preparation, planning, optimism, fight. They had
setbacks but they did not do like the loser who gives up in the face of
difficulty. They took advantage of them to learn, and they did not get
discouraged or give up.

27- Do not dream of successes achieved without effort. Success comes by

doing things. Developing those qualities that God gave us. It is not enough to
want to succeed. You have to do everything possible to achieve it. "A man is no
more than another, if he does no more than another" (Cervantes).

28- Destroy fear: Fear is the number one enemy of your success. It
prevents you from taking advantage of opportunities to succeed. Fear causes
diseases of success. And it prevents doing what was going to obtain victory.

Fear is destroyed by trust. And all trust is acquired. Nobody is born

with confidence. You gain confidence by doing things that go against what you
fear.

David defeated Goliath because he had confidence: in himself and in

God's help.

29- Action cures fear. Indecision and procrastination make it grow. Write
this down in your notes: action cures fear. Talk to that person you are afraid
to deal with. You will see that it is less difficult than you imagined.

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 Are you afraid about your appearance? Dress better.
Fear of an exam? Spend the time you spend worrying on studying.
Fear of things that are not under your control? Mow the garden, go to
the movies, play with the children.
Fear of people? Remember that although others are worth a lot, you
are not worth less than any of them.

30- Deposit positive thoughts in your memory bank. Everyone encounters

situations full of hindrances and discouragements. But negative people think
about it when they get up, when they go to bed, and all the time. They put
their mental room in that nest of ants called: sad and negative thoughts.
That's like putting sand in your car's carburetor. How do you want to do well?
Negative thoughts and memories produce unnecessary wear and tear, damage
your mental motor, and give you an inferiority complex and frustration.
On the other hand, positive people look for thoughts at every moment
that restore their confidence and try to remember only pleasant and good
experiences. This increases the health of their body and fills them with spirit
and joy.
31- Count the blessings you have received from God. This is a method that
has brought millions of people out of pessimism. The miraculous formula is
this: "Write 20 reasons you have to thank God" You see! You will be amazed!
You have received so many gifts that living discouraged is lying ingratitude.

Review the reasons you have to live happily. Remember your small
victories. Be grateful to your Creator.

"Every day write down three reasons you have to be happy," I told one
person and it totally changed their life.

32- Don't build a horror museum to live in. There are people who create a
museum of horrors and put the room of their mind there. They remember
everything unpleasant, everything annoying, and they repeat it in their
memory until they become monsters that tyrannize them. And most of the
time those memories are of things that are not as serious as we imagine.
One doctor said: "There would be no need for mental health doctors if
people heeded this advice: destroy sad and negative thoughts and memories
before they become mental monsters."

33- Do not dedicate your brain to looking for ways to humiliate yourself, to
punish yourself, to diminish yourself. That is killing yourself. Are you shocked
that in the world every year a million people try to commit suicide and
300,000 succeed? As? Looking pessimistically at everything they do and
everything they are. They place a dark lens before their eyes and they see

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everything black. But how come you are believing that you are worthless,
useless, nothing, yes you, yes you! Was he made in the image and likeness of
God?
Beware: You can become what you think you are. As you think, so you
will act. If you continually beat yourself up mentally, saying: I'm worthless!
What successes can you expect?

34- Write your own commercial every day: that is, what good did I do?
What happened to me that was pleasant? What good qualities did I have
today? The work I'm doing is worth it. I work with enthusiasm. I'm not
wasting my time. I have a future animator! I believe in happiness! I will talk
about happiness. I believe in progress. I'm a guy with good ideas: let's
cultivate them and put them into practice!

T. Smith said: "Before I made my own commercials to sell myself at a

high price, I believed myself inferior to everyone and lived sadly. Now I
believe that I am worth something, that I am capable of something, that I can
and will win. Now I am much happier.
Select the qualities you have, the triumphs you have obtained.
Remember them. That makes you profit!

They sell Coca-Cola because they make commercial ads for it every day.
If they stop advertising it, it won't sell. So if you stop remembering the
values you have, you will be a Nobody.

By turning your thinking positive, you will turn your life positive. Ask
successful people and you will see that they sell themselves at a high price.
They think well of themselves.

35- Ask yourself these questions

10. In a worry: will an important person worry about this? Did you lose
heart over this?

20. My language: Is it that of a successful person?

30. My conversation: Is it that of a person of importance?

40. When I lose my composure: Would an important person get angry

about this thing that makes me so angry?

50. My jokes: Are they those of a person of importance?

60. My appearance: Is it that of someone who thinks they are

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important?

36- The important person does not ask themselves: Can I do better?
because he knows he can do better. What you ask yourself is: "How do I do
what I do better?"
What if Ford, Chrysler, Nissan, etc., said: "The cars we produce are
already perfect. "There will be no changes next year." Even the mummies in
the museums would frown in discontent.
"I can do better" is a phrase that works magic. When you ask yourself
"How to do what I do better?", your creative power connects with
intelligence, and the means to do things better appear as if by magic. This is a
powerful recipe: You have to do what you do better! You can do better!

37- Leaders spend much more time asking for advice than giving advice. The
more valuable a person is, the more apt he or she is to stimulate others to
speak. The more self-centered she is, the more she lectures everyone.
Leaders are a human decision factory. But to make them you must obtain the
materials by consulting, receiving suggestions. The solutions do not arrive
ready-made, but they are formed by consulting those who know.

Listening to people provides ideas to achieve success. We don't learn

anything by talking. But there is no limit to what we can learn by asking and
listening.

Encourage others to speak. "Tell me about your experience... What do

you think should be done in this case?..."
There is no surer way to make people like you than giving you the ease
of speaking.
Don't be dogmatic. Never say "surely, without a doubt, this is so,
believe it or not...". Nobody likes that. Instead, say: "What do you think about
this?" Ask for opinions and you will end up thinking better.
Pasteur said: "If I had not met with other people to ask them what
they thought, I would never have made the inventions I have achieved, nor
would I have come up with the ideas for which everyone now congratulates
me."
The mind that feeds only on what it produces, very soon finds itself
totally malnourished.
Carnegie had this epitaph placed on his grave: "Here is one who
triumphed because he knew how to surround himself with men more intelligent
than himself."

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38- Eliminate three phrases from your thinking and your vocabulary:
"impossible." "It won't work." "It can't be done," and replace them with "I can
do better." "How to do it better." "I can do all things through Christ who
strengthens me" (Rom.8). And you will see that the solutions are arriving.

39- "Commit your projects to God and your good wishes will be fulfilled"
(Holy Bible, Psalm 54). If anyone lacks wisdom, let him ask God, and He will
give it to him, says the apostle James. This has been proven by millions of
people, from King Solomon who asked the Almighty to enlighten him to become
a great ruler, and he obtained it, to the businessman of our days who before
doing a business asks God for enlightenment and gets it. "changas" and saves
you from fatal errors for your business. For times of anguish, King David left
this message: "If the afflicted call upon the Lord, He listens to him and helps
him overcome his anguish (S.33)

40- Read this at least five times: "A person who thinks that his
work is important, you will do it better.
Make yourself a salesperson about how important the work you do is.
Those who don't know will laugh at this. But those who know the magic of
thinking big know that this is a secret to being happy and successful.
Be careful with people who are negative; who lives saying that it is not
worth dedicating himself to this job. Friendships with people who believe that
success is not possible is dangerous. Your advice is poison. What you do is
worth it, and it can bring you success. You'll see!

41- The number one obstacle is: Thinking that the triumphs are very far
away, beyond our reach. There is a disastrous phrase. It goes like this: "Don't
take the test because it's impossible." This phrase paralyzes.

42- There are three kinds of people:

First group:
3rd class: the mediocre ones who believed that they were not good for
great things and remained in mediocrity.

Second group:

2nd class: those who do make an effort, plan and work, but then
convince themselves that "obtaining greater success is now impossible." And
they stay there halfway.

Third group:
1st class: those who never give up, do not let pessimism teach them
lessons. They do not believe that surrender is the best way. They live and

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breathe success. They look ahead, and exclaim with Saint Paul: "If God is with
us, who can be against us?"

Isn't it true that you want to belong to the third group, the first
class? Think positively and you will get it!
A boy says to a loser: "I want to be a great man," and the other smiles
with pity. But tell it to a great company boss, and he will smile with joy,
because he knows that it is possible.

43- The negative has the brain to be five times more than he is: But his
negative ideas have him embittered to his mediocrity. Do not let ideas of fear
and pessimism destroy your plans. The job of those ideas is to prevent you
from progressing. Negative and sad ideas are false. Don't consult the
pessimists. It can be fatal!

44- Use the supreme power of thinking: Silence, solitude, produce results.
Use silence and solitude to unleash your creative power. Use them to find
solutions. Spend a little time every day just to think, to talk to yourself.
Great bosses are extremely busy but spend hours and hours in solitude,
just thinking.
Jesus Christ, Moses, Muhammad, Buddha, Confucius, Saint Augustine,
Napoleon and Bolívar, etc., dedicated hours and hours to solitude, to thinking.
Cervantes, Hitler. , Leen and many other famous men discovered their
famous ideas in the solitude of a prison. Roosevelt discovered his political
inventions in the peace of a clinic, almost paralyzed.
If there is no silence and solitude to think, a blackout occurs in the
mind.
Don't be a "sir: I can't be alone." Remember that the great ones
developed a superpower in silence.
Anyone who spends hours in solitude discovers new ideas and knows
themselves better.
Spend a few hours thinking, and you will see the horizon clear. And the
subconscious will connect with your memory and describe the important step
you have to take.
Remember: The main job of the leader is: thinking. The best
preparation to become a leader is to dedicate hours and hours to thinking, to
looking for solutions. The mind is going to give!

45- There is magic in thinking big. Be careful: don't let your thoughts
become small when you encounter difficulties. If they shrink, you lose.

When judgmental people want to put you down, think big!

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 If you think it's second class, it is. If you think you are sick, you really
are!
Think big enough not to get discouraged.
Overcome that natural tendency to sell yourself cheap.

46- Beware of a poisonous thought: It is called: "Gossip". The "gossip"

conversation is 0.0 positive and 100/100 negative. Ask yourself:

10. Do I spread rumors about other people?

20. I always have good things to say about others (You either speak
well about others or you don't).

30. Did you judge others only based on facts that I know, or do I
believe any rumors they are spreading?

40. Do I keep the confidences they give me? Or am I one of those who
doesn't know how to keep a secret? (How fearsome these are!).

50. Do I feel guilty for having said something against others? (Fame is
the most sacred thing about a person).

Christ said: "For every harmful word that a person says, he will have to
give an account to God. By your words you will be saved or by your words you
will be condemned" (Mt. 12,37).

47- When it provokes you to argue, think about this: Is this issue really of
such importance that it is worth losing a friendship for arguing?

Remember that you never win anything by arguing, and you always lose.

Think big enough to understand that arguments will not allow you to
reach the height you want.
When two people argue, they soon begin to feel great inner bitterness.
Why make your life miserable by arguing?

Ask yourself: "Would I prefer a victory in the argument, or the

goodwill of that person?" Because when you contradict and argue, you may get
a theatrical victory, but never the good will of the other person (Franklin).

48- Treat everyone with dignity: Never use sarcasm. Never put anyone
down. Be human. Try to be very human in everything you do and think in

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everything. You won't regret being one! Remember that your first desire
should be to brighten the lives of others.
Congratulations are the most powerful incentive you can give to others.
And it costs almost nothing.
Praise the people. Praise always pleases.
The Divine Master said about the Golden Law of good treatment:
"Treat others as you wish to be treated. Whatever good you want others to
do to you, do it to them" (Mt 7:12).

49- There is a great difference between someone who acts without rhyme
or reason, and someone who seeks a specific goal. So draw a well-defined goal.
Think clearly about what you want to be and achieve. This will give great
effectiveness in action.
Two men start working. Each person has defined what they want to be
and achieve. Your subconscious tells you on each occasion, "do this to achieve
it", "Don't do that, it will prevent you from doing it." Your well-defined goal
tells you what you should read, what you should do to not let yourself be
discouraged by difficulties. The mental vision of what you want to achieve fills
you with encouragement and new ideas. On the other hand, the other has not
proposed anything concrete. Your goals are vague. And since he lacks goals, he
also lacks the automatic help that his subconscious was going to give him to
achieve them.
Study people who have succeeded: You will see that they are totally
dedicated to a goal. Bolívar in Pativilca, dying of fever and almost abandoned,
hears someone ask him: "And now what do we do?" "Succeed, succeed." It's
your only answer. He had a defined goal: to free America. And he got it.
Pasteur is looking for a vaccine to free people from diseases. Everything is
opposed to that. But he wants to get it and finally he does. Saint John Bosco
was very poor, an orphan, without opportunities for study, but he has a well-
defined goal: I want to found a work that helps poor students. And he worked
for it for 47 years, and when he died he already had schools for the poor on
the different continents of the world.
Surrender to your goal: let it haunt you. She will give you the automatic
instrumentalization that you need to achieve your ideal.
Plan your goals, and your ideals will come true. Don't be afraid to think
big. Always remember our motto: "There is magic in thinking big." Give
yourself tasks. Students work harder, and salespeople sell more, when they
are given a certain task to do. Living without goals is boring.

50- Don't judge anyone before you've walked a mile in your own shoes. To
get others to do what you want them to do, you must see things through their
eyes. Therein lies the secret to influencing others

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 Empathy is very fashionable today: putting yourself in the other's
shoes. See things from the situation in which your neighbor is.

What the great Tobias of the Bible said: "What you do not want for
yourself, do not do to anyone."
Write a letter how you would like to receive it. There are letters that
do not make one exclaim: "If I received a letter like this I would be angry."
So why not write another way? Look in the mirror and say to yourself: "If I
met a person with a face as serious and as cold as mine, would I love them?
Maybe (or without maybe) I wouldn't love her. Because most of us are not so
holy that we are capable of loving those who appear to us with the face of an
anti-aircraft cannon. So why don't I make an effort to present a happier face
to others? The world is like a mirror: It gives me back what I give it. If I
smile at him and say hi, he smiles and says hi. I make a sour face at him and
insult him, he makes a sour face at me and insults me. "As each person treats
others, so will he be treated by them," the prophet wrote 2,400 years ago.
Certain sellers and writers have failed because they have only asked
themselves: "Do I like this article? And they haven't asked themselves: "Will
others like this one?" Because the important thing is not that the shoes that
I sell or the articles that I write agree with my own tastes, the important
thing is that others like them. Otherwise they will remain unsold.
Ask yourself when speaking in public: "What would I think of what I am
saying, if I were there among the listeners?

Would I like them to give me orders the way I give them? Would I like
you to congratulate me to the extent that I congratulate?

51- Do you want not to get bored? Don't leave any day without a fixed plan
of what you want to do. When one day we are without a fixed plan, the hours
pass vaguely and we are even glad that the day is over. But when we have
something fixed and determined to do, then it seems like things are doing
themselves. Therefore, to do something, we must make plans for what we are
going to do.
If you make plans, you are pushing toward success, and you will very
easily accomplish what you set out to accomplish.
Living by fulfilling a plan to achieve a goal you have set out to acquire
can keep a person young until they are 80 years old.

52- Be careful not to hurt anyone's feelings. Never make others feel small
or bewildered. Always praise the good things others do. Congratulations are
always the greatest incentive you can give. If you have to correct, do it in

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private, never in public, because that humiliates, and you do not have the right
to lower another person even by a single degree in front of others. And after
correcting, praise again for the good aspects, and encourage them to be
better. They will thank you forever. Most people who do wrong do it more out
of weakness than malice, more because they did not realize that it should not
be done that way, rather than out of an expressed desire to do what should
not be done. May it be said about you what those who lived with him say about
Saint Richard, king of England: "Not even the most humble and ignorant of his
servants was ever corrected with harsh or humiliating words."

53- Get big, thinking big. Never commit the crime of self-depreciation.
Remember: you are much better than you think you are. Recognize your values.
That's not pride. Saint Augustine repeated that humility is the truth, that is,
recognizing our values, which are many.
Use bright, happy, optimistic words, words that promise victories and
joys. This rejuvenates the mood. The next time he asks you how you are,
respond excitedly: "Very good, thank God." How it goes at work? Fantastically!
What is your job like?

Formidable! Always speak like this, and you will see that what Roosevelt, the
president, said comes true in you: "Every time I think with optimism and speak
with words of joy, I feel new strength in my spirit to succeed."

Avoid words that create images of failure. Don't forget that failure
exists only in the mind. Failure does not exist in the plans God made for you.
Failure does not exist in things or in other people. Failure can only exist in
your mind. Walk away thinking that what you are doing is important and that
"even if it were possible for a mother to forget her children, it will never be
possible for God to abandon those who trust in Him (Isaiah).

54- Believe that it can be done. Believing that a thing can be done sets the
mind in motion to find solutions to do it. In a city, twenty technicians meet to
study this topic: "Will it be possible to put an end to the lazy?" And nothing
new occurs to them. Suddenly one changes the topic of the meeting. "Let's
think about this, what solutions would we give to put an end to the lazy?" And
they came up with 78 solutions, which were of great benefit to the citizens.
They believed that something could be done.
When you believe it is possible, your understanding finds ways to do it.
If you believe something can be done, your mind will go to work figuring out
how to get it. Believing that something can be done paves the way to creative
solutions. Believing that something cannot be done is a destructive thought.

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 If you believe you can find ways to make yourself pleasing to others,
you can find them. If you believe you can find solutions to your personal
problems, you will find them.
William James, the great wise man of this century, says: "The most
important discovery of the twentieth century is that EVERYONE CAN
IMPROVE AND TRANSFORM THEIR LIFE IF THEY CHANGE AND IMPROVE
THEIR MENTAL ATTITUDE.

And he adds: "Why do many get so little, and few get so much in life?"
Those who have a negative attitude get little.
It is our attitude towards life, which determines life's attitude
towards us.
As long as you don't change your negative attitude, your life won't
change.
Christ said to his friends of all times: "I have destined you all to obtain
fruit, and your fruits to be abundant. In this God will be glorified: that you
may obtain many fruits" (John 15). So, when we believe that others, and only
others, can achieve success, we are doubting a great promise of Christ to us.

55- Put all your interest in everything you do. The results come in
proportion to the enthusiasm. Get excited about what you do and you will see
how easy it is to do it. Secret to acquiring enthusiasm for a topic: delve into
it, study it.
Find out information about the work you do, the company you work for.
Do you want to gain enthusiasm about a location? Learn everything you can
about her. You will see that it fascinates you. Mingle with people. Become one
of that place, and you will be enthusiastic.
Remember: Important things were never done without enthusiasm.
When you shake hands, really shake them. When you applaud, do it loudly and
not with reluctance, as this discourages those being applauded. When you
answer the phone, do so with a "Hello!" May it excite the person on the other
side of the rope. Smile with your eyes. People may not look at his teeth, but
they are impressed by his happy and affectionate look. Caress with your gaze.
The saints and the great personalities of virtue were very severe and
refrained from caressing with their hands, because they knew that this
greatly weakened the purity of customs and will, but they always caressed
with their gaze: that is, they knew how to look at the face of people with a
kindness, goodness and appreciation, so pleasant that the caress of their eyes
provided much greater happiness than all the others.
Are your "good mornings" really good? Are your congratulations
enthusiastic? Does the "how are you doing" really reveal interest? A speech

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given with enthusiasm may be remembered for many years, but a speech given
without enthusiasm will be forgotten days before next week.
Nobody likes a cold "thank you." It does not mean anything. Let your
“thank you” be so enthusiastic that it means “thank you very much.”

56- If you can't tell good news, don't tell news. Spread good news. One day
the fly and the bee went for a walk. The fly went to the garbage can and
collected millions of microbes on its legs and went and deposited them on the
family's food, infecting everyone. The bee, on the other hand, went from
flower to flower collecting pollen and nectar, and spread fertility to the
plants and brought rich honey for humans. Thus, every morning there are
"flies" people who look in the press and the radio and the crowd for
everything that is sad, mafia-like, that oppresses, and they tell it to others,
filling the atmosphere with poisonous restlessness. On the other hand, others
collect the positive, what encourages (which is always much more than the
negative) and talk about it, filling the atmosphere with joy and peace.
Saint Pius C, when he was young, established a fine in the dining room
for anyone who talked about sad or worrying things during the meal. It was a
fine of $10.oo to get drugs for the ulcers that form in the stomach of those
who hear alarming news during the meal. He did this with a great sense of
humor, but he was right about it!
Sometimes we hear people say: "I bring good news." This attracts
everyone's attention, and not only attracts attention but pleases people,
produces enthusiasm, promotes digestion and provides peaceful sleep. That's
why tell good news to family and friends. That is like a ray of sunshine in the
lives of listeners, and neutralizes the bad effect of sad news.
Spread good news about how you feel about your health, work,
friends,... Children never talk about bad weather, environmental pollution,
expensive living, future wars... and the Divine Master taught that "we must
become like children."
People enjoy being surrounded by people who talk about what makes
them happy and not what makes them sad.

57- Everyone wants to be important. What they consider important is one

of the person's strongest and most constant desires. Show others that you
consider them important people, people of great value. They will return this
favor by loving you more and showing you esteem in turn.

Never be one of those people who say with their derogatory treatment:
"You are nobody, you have no importance, you mean absolutely nothing to me."
Those people who are not interested in others are the ones who reap all the
failures in their dealings with people.

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 Many look at another person and think: "He can't do anything for me,
so he's not important." That is low and miserable selfishness. On the other
hand, the Christian thinks "all the good that I do to this person is received by
Christ as I do to Himself, because He promised it": "Everything that you did
to even the most humble, you have done to Me" (S. Matthew 25:40). That was
the secret of San Fancisco S. who, to one who was amazed at why he treated
him with so much respect and affection, given that he was not going to obtain
favors or gifts from him, he replied: "It's just that I know that everything I
do to a person is received by me." Christ as I cast Him out." Make the other
person feel important. This is a fabulous secret to social success. Let her
believe that this idea is hers. Always greet him by name. Be interested in
what they talk about and what they are doing. When you help others feel
important, you are helping yourself, because they will return your attitude and
consider you important too.
People want to be sure that they are doing a good job. Which is
important. Therefore, do not think that lavishing praise should be done only in
great circumstances. You have to do it all your life.
Don't waste time sorting people into important and unimportant. They
are all important. If you classify them as second class, you will get second
class effect.
Praise is power. Spread it among others. Solomon said: "A kind word is
worth a thousand gifts."

58- In nine out of ten cases the people skills factor is very important for
success. Your ability to understand well with others is a source of success for
the future. Seek support from others. Perhaps the only wall that is separating
you from success is the support of other people.

Practice being helpful. Give people more of what you want to get. Do
you know why people don't treat you more affectionately? Because you are
not doing anything special to show them appreciation and affection. Bring a
rose, some candy, invite you for a walk... Spend time with the ones you love.

Every friend we make elevates our life one step higher, and the nicer
we are, the more friends we will have.
You will be surprised to see that many successful people have a plan,
even a written one, to please others.
Carter, North American president, always had two books on his work
table: "the Bible to understand myself well with God, and a course on human
relations to understand me well with my neighbors." If I live in peace with God
and with my fellow men, everything will turn out well."
Don't get upset over little things. This advice totally changed the sour

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character of a manager, into a very pleasant way of being. Because many times
we get upset over things that do not deserve anger. Remember: don't get
upset over small things.
Study yourself to remove the harsh elements from your personality.
Never miss an opportunity to say a word of congratulations for someone else's
good achievement.
"The smaller his personality is, the smaller the things that make him
upset" (Saint Augustine).

59- Specialize in being nice. Great people, those who reach the top, strive
to be human, affectionate. They specialize in being nice.
One said: "In 25 times I spoke lovingly, I received 25 positive
responses."
You have to find some reason why I might like that person. If I build a
nice image of her in my mind, before speaking to her, I will treat her kindly.
If I can make the other person like me, sooner or later I will like them too.
And you will accept what I say, because I am your friend.
One businessman succeeded by practicing this motto: "Customers
should be treated as if they were guests in my home. If I were the guest, how
would I like to be treated?
Showing courtesy helps you stay calm. For example in a discussion: if I
treat with all respect, I will retain my domain. Courtesy is the most powerful
reassuring tool there is when dealing with others. Practice it and you will see
the pleasant feeling you will experience.

60- He did not intend for people to be perfect: The great limitation of
certain people is that they expect others to have no defects.

A company manager could not have peace or esteem until he managed to

convince himself that perfection is not found in this world, and that precisely
people's defects contribute to a beneficial variety in life. We must start
from these facts:

Nobody has achieved perfection. Some people are closer to her than
others, but no one has arrived.
Each one has their reasons for being different. The most wise God
loves variety. "When you create a person, you break the mold. So no two
people will ever be the same." You don't have to approve of the other's
defects, but you also don't have to dislike them for being that way. He has
the right to think differently than you. You have the right to be from another
party, from another religion, from other tastes. We do not want everyone to
be made from the same mold.

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 Do not be an eternal reformer who wants to change everything and is
not satisfied with anything that is done. Practice this great motto "live and
let live."
People like tolerant people who love everyone and overlook their
mistakes.
Accept everyone as they are: neither 100% bad, nor 100% good. All
with many flaws, but eager to be better.
"Before I used to get upset over many details. Now I have fun with
those things because I see that they make life more varied. If we leave our
thinking uncontrolled, we will find defects and antipathy in all people. But if
we direct it towards the good, we will find everyone very nice and we will
enjoy life much more" (Shwarts).

Remember what Jesus said: "How come you look at the rubbish in
another's eye, if you have a plank in your own eye?" (S. Matthew 7:3).

61- Use generous conversation: It wins friends and brings people closer to
us. Most people talk more about themselves and their things than about
others and the issues that interest others. Generous conversation is: making
the other person talk about their issues.
Generous conversation leads us to know what others do, and what they
have done, what they think and what they want. I knew a manager who had
many friends, not because he talked a lot, but because his conversation was
generous, that is: he was a good listener: good at asking questions, good at
making others talk more than him. He was interested in what others said. He
was generous in his praise. I wanted others to be the ones to provide the
solutions. It fulfilled what the apostle James recommended: "Each one should
be quick to listen, but very moderate to speak."
"Big" people monopolize listening. "Little" people monopolize speaking.

62- Get the habit of action: The first thing you need is for you to be a
person of action. Nothing comes by thinking alone. From a skyscraper to food
for a poor person, they are results of an idea that was acted upon.
The lucky ones are active. The mediocre stop acting and strive to prove
why things cannot be done.

The active knows that something has to be done, and does it (for
example, plans a vacation and takes it). The passive knows that something
needs to be done and doesn't do it (he knows that a card needs to be sent and
doesn't send it). The asset does. The passive, as he does not find things
already done, does not act. To the passive, cowardly and lazy, the Bible says:
“Misery and ruin will come.” "Behind their laziness comes their poverty."

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 A lot of plans don't come true, because we always say, "I'll start it
someday... instead of saying, "I'll start it today." Things have to be done at
once and if not, they won't be done.

63- Don't cross bridges before reaching them: Problems must be faced as
they appear. The secret to success is not not having problems. The secret is
to find solutions.

León Bloy, the famous writer, wrote some formidable lines: "Never have
the events I feared taken the bad turn that my frightened fantasy made me
presuppose. Divine Providence, with silent mercy, developed its plan and here
is the result: Everything was arranged in the best way, better than I
expected; better than I could have ever imagined. For God there is no
insoluble situation, when with complete trust in Him, we are sure that His
plans want nothing more than our joy, our complete joy.

That is why King David said to those who fear the future: "Do not be
afraid: those who trust in God will be happy." And S. Margarita said to those
who were afraid of the coming problems: "Take heart, God's help will only
stop reaching us when His power runs out, that is, never!

64- Those who now triumph have been crushed by losing situations: A man
ran as a candidate for the council and lost the elections. He ran as a deputy
and was defeated. He ran for the Senate and also lost. And do you know how
it ended? He became president of the United States. His name is Abraham
Lincoln. Certain ideas of triumph all they needed was a constant person who
was never discouraged by defeats, who never believed that defeats were
final.

The defeated were knocked out by defeat and stayed there on the ground or
ran away. On the other hand, those who are succeeding today were also hit
hard by failures, but they got up and continued fighting. They started by
losing ten years of savings in the first months of business, but instead of
crying like children, they said to themselves: "I'm learning with this." They
did not stop playing because they were defeated. But they resolved to PLAY
BETTER NEXT TIME.
Tamerlane, a very famous warrior, had lost seven in a row. I was
discouraged. He leaned against a wall and with his sword he knocked down an
ant that was climbing the wall. The ant began to rise again, and Tamerlane
knocked it down again. Seven times the warrior knocked down the ant with his
sword, and seven times the little animal began to climb up the wall again. Then
Tamerlane said to himself: "I will not allow myself to be defeated in

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perseverance by a little ant," and he ordered the trumpet to be blown for the
new combat, and he won, and from victory to victory, he became master of
half the world.
That's why Jesus said: "Those who persevere to the end will be the
ones who achieve definitive victory (St. Mark 13,13) and with your patience
you will save your souls (Luke, 21, 19).
Save something from each disaster, learn the lesson and move on.
Defeat is never final!
The ancients said: "When a fool goes down a path, either the path ends
or the fool ends." Learn that lesson from him.
That they fired him? That dismissal may be the greatest blessing of
your life. Don't be discouraged, take advantage of it. The mind will give you
solutions sooner than you expected.
Saying: This happened to me because of my bad luck, it doesn't fix
anything. Instead, say: "How can I ensure that this failure does not happen to
me again?" Don't blame bad luck.
Dedicate yourself to looking for solutions, and God and your mind will
provide them for you.

65- Don't want to go to success through shortcuts: You easily don't get to
anything important. Edison discovered electric light bulbs after thousands of
experiments failed. Moses and his people reached the Promised Land only
after spending 40 years suffering in the desert. God does not sell his
triumphs cheaply. He offers them to those who do not tire of fighting,
"successes belong to God, but He gives them to those who make an effort.

66- Tell yourself: "There is a way to resolve this situation." If you tell
yourself "it's useless, there is no way to solve this problem", negative
thoughts are attracted like mosquitoes and convince you that you are not
capable, and you are crushed. Instead, believe, "There is a way to solve this
problem," and positive thoughts will bubble up inside your mind to help you
find the solution. Your mind is a solution factory.

The important thing to succeed is: believe that there is a way to

achieve success. The alcoholic will only be able to overcome his alcoholism
when he believes that there is a way to overcome it.

Write down the formulas that come to mind to solve your problem, even
if they are not very easy. Write to them. Suddenly, when you least think, you
will find the solution.

67- The Formula to be defeated is: NSCEI "I am not capable: it is

impossible." You have to convert all that negative energy that pulls you back

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into positive energy that pushes you forward. The magic formula is: believe
that you can. It is the very famous phrase discovered by Saint Augustine 15
centuries ago: "If others could, why shouldn't I lose? Or the great discovery
of Saint Paul: "I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me."

68- Look on the bright side of life: Don't complain that they charged you
$500.00 for the consultation. Be glad you had the $500.oo and what you
needed for the remedies. Do not complain that the market cost you
$3,000.oo. Instead, bless God because He has granted you the $3,000.oo for
that market.
Remember: What is the difference between sad and happy, according
to the English? He presents them with a half-filled bottle of whiskey. The
optimist is happy for that half bottle of whiskey that is given to him, but the
pessimist is sad for the other half that is missing.
Is that how you are in life? Do you live bitter about what is not there,
instead of being happy about what is good? Don't be suicidal! See the bright
side and you will be cured of discouragement!

69- The important issue is: where do you want to go? Modern society does
not leave the future to chance. He studies it, plans it and thus obtains great
successes. And are you going to leave your future to chance?

Make an image of yourself in 10 years. Visualize your future. Before

you start walking you have to know where you are going. Make your goal very
clear, the objective you desire. A person will not be doing much until the goal
and objective for which he works possesses everything in him.

We all have desires to succeed, but few of us give in to our desires. On

the contrary, we murder them. Make an image of yourself, triumphant, for 5
or 10 years from now. To do something great we have to think about what
something great is that we want to obtain.

One day I made a kennel for my wolfdog. It looked horrible to me. I

consulted with an architect friend, and he asked me: "Did you make a plan
before building it?" "No". Well there's the secret. Nothing can be artistic if
it is not planned well before trying to do it. This is what happens to so many
of us: we don't make a plan for what we want to achieve, and that's why we
don't get anything worthwhile. Have you already thought about the image of
yourself triumphant in a few years? Place yourself triumphantly, inside a glass
tube: your works, your goals, your ideals: and now that goal will fill you with

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energy. If before you complained about having to work 35 hours a week; From
now on he will happily work 70 hours each week, without displeasure. (Because
most lucky people work more than 60 hours a week. No one has achieved
success by working only 48 hours a week.) The most wonderful thing about
selecting a goal is: it keeps you active in reaching your goal.

70- There are five ways to commit suicide regarding success.

Self-depreciation: I am not capable, I am useless
Seguritis: if I'm already fine like this, why expect something better?
Everything is fine, there is nothing to improve (Really?)
It doesn't seem to others that we are changing: (and the criticism of
negative people paralyzes progress).
I'm going to retire: the easiest way to fail is to retire. The fastest
self-poison is: "do nothing"
Let's leave it for later: postponing things is not doing them. Don't put
off until tomorrow what you can do today. Send that letter today. Go visit
that person. The good executive, when he knows that something must be done,
does it now, without leaving it later.
Progress is: taking one more step. Every large achievement is a
succession of small achievements. The greats did not suddenly gain success.
Each step, even if it seems small, is an approach towards the goal. Write one
paragraph after another and after six months you have a book. If they had
asked him for all that writing at once, he would have been discouraged9.
Shaw, a famous writer, set out to write 4 pages a day. There for nine years,
earning the miserable salary of $10.oo a day. At nine years old he was a world-
famous writer. Don't leave a single day without doing something in favor of
the ideal you have proposed, and before you least think about it you will have
achieved it.
Psychological Secrets Life Plan
Walk happily among the noise and haste, and think of the peace that
can be found in silence.
As much as possible, and without giving up your convictions, maintain
good relations with everyone.
Listen carefully to others, even the clumsy and ignorant, because they
are also worth a lot.
Stay away from negative, loud and aggressive people, because they can
infect you with their bad spirit.
If you compare yourself with others you acquire pride and
discouragement, because there will always be those who surpass you and those
who have fewer qualities.
Enjoy your successes and thank the Lord for them. Maintain interest in

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your profession, because it is a true treasure. There are your future
triumphs.
Be prudent in your business. The world is full of deceptions and
dangers. But don't go around doubting everything and everyone either. There
are more good people than you think.
Accept with respect the opinion of those who are very old, and also
consult with interest the opinion of youth. The old and the new give wisdom.
Beware of too much loneliness, too much fatigue or too much eagerness.
Many anguish and illnesses are born from these three excesses.
Try to be at peace with God, live in peace with your neighbors and
preserve the peace of your soul. This will help you be completely happy.
End
Now that you know the secret to success, why not start your own
business now! Following those beautiful tips?
Never be discouraged, because everything happens in this life. When
you feel discouraged and sad, tell yourself: "this too will pass." And you will
find the secret to living a happy life.

COLORIMETRY COURSE

Free hair dye course program

• Class 1: The history of hair coloring and dyes

• Class 2: Genesis of hair. Growth and fall
• Class 3: Hair growth factors
• Class 4: What is hair?
• Class 5: Hair color
• Class 6: Six square meters to dye
• Class 7: What is the color and its pitch
• Class 8: Coloring and bleaching power - Hair dyes

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Class 1

The history of coloring

It is not known for sure how long people have dyed their hair because dyeing
has been popular since the beginning of history. It is possible that in
prehistoric times cave women dyed their hair in a similar way to that
practiced by some primitive tribes. Today, we know that the ancient
Egyptians dyed their hair thousands of years before the birth of Christ.

Vegetable Tinctures: In those days, favorite tincture products were derived

from certain plants and small wild shrubs that grew in the desert.
Then in Roman times, new techniques for dyeing and bleaching appeared,
which were very fashionable.
The predominantly dark-skinned Romans were amazed by the beauty of their
blonde-haired Teutonic captives, and bleached their own hair with saffron,
red arsenic, walnut shells, and plant ashes to recreate the image.

Something new:

For the next few centuries hair dyeing continued to be a blind experiment. It
only changed with the discovery of phenylenediamine in 1885. This new
compound could be used alone or with metallic salts, increasing the range and
quality of colors available to the hair dye industry. The general public did not
accept hair dye as an everyday change, and only actresses and high society
women used it.
Events were going to precipitate, from that moment chemistry and biology
were going to focus their attention on the synthetic dyes of the so-called
“para” group and during the 20th century through deep and tenacious
research, we entered the modern era of coloring that we know today.

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Class 2

GENESIS OF HAIR Growth and loss

We have a capital of 100,000 to 150,000 hairs and it is normal to lose 50 to

100 hairs per day.

ANAGENA FACE
Period of active growth.

FAZ CATAGENA (3 weeks)

Period of follicular inactivity.

TELOGENA FACE (2 to 4 months)

Rest period

The three cycles of life and hair loss

ANAGENA FACE:
Period of active growth, towards the end of the third month of gestation of
intra-uterine life, on the forehead, the first outline of hair appears.
The cells that make up the papilla harden, multiply, keratinize and form a cone
that rises to the surface. Within the fetus it occurs between the 5th and 6th
month of life.

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CATAGENA FACE
After the phase of active growth, the hair undergoes involution, the follicle
atrophies and its dermal implantation appears higher.

TELOGENA FACE - Rest period

During this period the hair ends up falling out, pushed by nascent hair
(anagen).

THE DEATH OF HAIR:

Initially the phenomenon occurs in the area of the papilla, which atrophies,
the nutrition of the germinal zone is not assured, its cells do not multiply.

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Class 3

Hair growth factors

Proteins represent the only vehicle capable of transporting and satisfying the
vital needs in the body to produce and reproduce its own tissues. They are the
ones that provide that mother substance of life called amino acid. The
condensation of amino acids into linked chains forms natural albuminoids or
proteins. These are heavy molecules that contain:

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen
• Nitrogen
• And often Sulfur, like the protein that forms hair keratin.

The protein that forms hair keratin offers a structure very rich in elements.
In fact, hair is nothing more than a fibrous protein that forms keratin with a
structure of elongated chains strongly linked to each other thanks to sulfur.

VITAMINS

They are active substances that are ingested in food, they are essential for
carrying out vital functions. The amounts of vitamins that man needs daily are
very small, but when it is insufficient, the symptoms of a disease called
avitaminosis appear, and from which hair and nails cannot escape.

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Among the vitamins that have a direct impact on the skin and hair are:

"TO" "B1" "B2" "C"

Essential for the The normal Its lack is
growth and process of the unfavorable for
It is the essential
regeneration of the body depends on hair growth.
factor for skin
skin this vitamin:
health
muscle
Its deficiency
contraction,
manifests itself
circulation and
with atrophy of
appetite.
follicles and bulb.
As well as the
decrease in
pigment
concentration.
Abounds in: It is obtained in: It is obtained in: It is obtained in:
Milk Citrus
Corn/Wheat
Cod Liver Oil Kernels
Carrot/Spinach Yeasts Liver Yolk
Butter Fruit Chicken Liver

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Class 4

What is hair?

It is essential to understand hair structure and basic physical and chemical

properties. We will begin by identifying the two main divisions of hair:

• The root, which is located under the skin, where we find the hair
follicle.
• The stem is the visible part of each hair strand and is an extension of
the root.
Hair is made up of two essential elements:
• Keratin
• melanin
Keratin is the fundamental substance of hair composed of a fibrous
protein, which under an elemental analysis of its matter presents in
average terms the following composition

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Hair root showing its most important parts:

Carbon 50 to 60%
Nitrogen 8 to 12%
Hydrogen 4 to 5%
Oxygen 25 to 30%
Sulfur 2 to 4%
Marrow > < Cuticle
hair bulb > < fibrous sac
Capillary > < Papilla

The root:

The hair follicle is a small tubular slit in the skin that supports the root in the
same way that a flower pot supports the soil, stem, and root system of a
plant. Each hair strand has its own follicle. It also has a papilla: a small
horseshoe-shaped bump of tissue found at the base of the follicle. The outer
layer is made up of a thin sheet of cells that take the shape of hair. Blood
vessels provide nutrients for hair growth.

The hair bulb is located above the papilla, firmly adhering to it.

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Located in the wall of each follicle are the sebaceous glands attached to each
follicle. These oil glands produce a fatty substance, essential to maintain the
normal lubrication of the hair; any alteration in their functioning causes
disorders such as dry hair or oily hair.

The erector or horripilator muscle is a small muscle attached to the follicle.

The contracture of this muscle causes the hair to stand up or “stand up” when
we are cold.

The hair shaft

The hair shaft known as hair or hair, is a production of the skin, formed by a
fibrous protein called keratin in whose formation amino acids intervene (*),
hence any product that incorporates proteins (synthetic amino acids) favors
its formation.

Viewed under a microscope, the fiber or strand shows three layers of cells:

CUTICLE
MARROW
CORTEX

The Cuticle: is the outer layer of the strand. It is made up of overlapping flat
cells that are found on the surface of the hair, similar to fish scales, they
have no pigments and are transparent.
When we talk about damaged hair we generally refer to this damaged
cuticular layer.

The Cortex or Cortex: composed of sheets of cells, it is located between the

cuticle and the medulla. The cortex is the most important layer of the hair, it
is made up of cylindrical cells firmly adhered to each other, in an elongated
formation, it provides most of the strength and elasticity of the hair.
The natural color of hair depends on the presence of pigments housed in its
cortex.

The Medulla: it is the axis of the hair, also called the “medullary canal”, it is
not known to have any type of decisive activity in the life of the hair.

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Physical properties

The TEXTURE of hair is defined by the diameter (thickness) of each strand.

It can be thick, medium or fine. As a general rule, the finer the hair, the
faster its reaction to dyes and other chemical treatments.
DENSITY: the average number of hairs per individual is between 100,000 to
150,000. Normal hair loss is 50 to 100 hairs per day.
ELASTICITY: It is the property of hair to stretch beyond its original length
and return to it. The elastic qualities of hair are altered by the sun, the
environment, excessive dry heat and chemical treatments.

THE STRENGTH OF THE HAIR OR BREAK LOAD:

It is the property that hair has to withstand very high traction without
breaking. Generally, the more strength you have, the healthier you are.

A single fiber of healthy hair will support 60 to 100 grams of weight.

A medium healthy head of hair (120,000 hairs) can resist up to 12 tons.

These conditions can be altered by many factors: age, environment and very
energetic chemical treatments such as dyes with “uncontrolled” ammonia
content.

HYDROPHILIC POWER: Hair absorbs water, hair keratin can absorb up to

35% or 40% of its weight in water, in the form of hydrogen bonds.

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Class 5

hair color

Natural hair color depends on the presence of PIGMENT, a coloring

substance, within the cortex of the hair strand. The pigment in natural hair is
called MELANIN. As the strand develops within the follicle, it drags melanin,
in the form of small granules, through the cortex.
There are countless hair colors. These not only vary between

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people but also in a single head of hair and also in a single strand. This fact
seems less complicated when we understand that this variety of shades is due
to different combinations of the two different types of pigments.

Variety of melanic pigments:

In hair, melanin exists in two forms:

• The diffuse pigments.

• Granulated pigments.

The diffuse pigments give a yellowish color when it is not very concentrated,
slightly reddish when its concentration is quite strong.
The granulated pigments appear in the form of grains ranging from reddish
brown to dark black.
These two forms of pigments are found within all varieties of hair, but in
more or less variable quantities.
It is this mixture of the two natural pigments that gives the hair the natural
tones.

Color intensity:
Dark hair contains a greater amount of granulated pigment and we say that it
has greater color intensity. Blonde or reddish tones have more pigment -
diffuse and we say that they have less color intensity.
Hair tone is the degree of warmth or coolness of a color. We can use these
terms to describe the variety of hair shades. We can say, for example, that
someone has dark, warm hair, dark in intensity and warm in tone; or in the
case of light and cold hair, light in intensity and cold in tone.

THEORY OF COLOR

Primary colors:
When mentioning color we immediately visualize a wide range of tones.

In reality there are only three PRIMARY COLORS from which the others are
formed. The three primary colors are:

| BLUE | RED | YELLOW |

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Secondary colours:
When equal parts of two primary colors are combined, SECONDARY COLORS
are obtained:

YELLOW with RED make the........... ORANGE

RED plus BLUE form the................... VIOLET
BLUE with YELLOW form the.......... GREEN

The secondary colors are VIOLET , ORANGE AND GREEN .

Tertiary colors:
TERTIARY COLORS are formed by mixing equal parts of primary colors with
their immediately adjacent secondary color. The six TERTIARY COLORS are
then,

• Green yellow
• Blue green
• Blue violet
• Red violet
• Red-Orange and
• Yellow orange

Not only can we combine colors to obtain other colors, we can also combine
them to neutralize, or counteract, one color from another. Knowing how to
neutralize and counteract colors with each other is important to advise on a
certain tone.
Mixing equal parts of the three primary colors will produce BLACK. When
combined in unequal parts they will form BROWN. The tone of brown will vary
according to the proportions of the primary colors. For example, a greater
amount of red will create a reddish brown, more yellow will result in a light
brown, and if blue has the greatest proportion it will be a cold brown. It is
important to keep in mind that the color laws we have defined refer to color
pigments.

HOW WE SEE COLORS

Light is the true source of colors, without light, obviously, color would not
exist.

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Light colors are additive synthesis, which means that they are enriched when
mixed to form a new color.
Sunlight or natural light is colorless, because it is the sum of all colors, so we
can say that the color white is produced due to the addition (sum) of the
primary colors. Its opposite is the color black. Darkness is the absence of
light, and therefore, the absence of color.
If we know, even superficially, the mechanism of a camera, we can get a fairly
good idea of the structure and functioning of the human eye. In a
photographic camera we distinguish three essential parts:

• 1-OBJECTIVE, through which the light penetrates

• 2-DIAFRAGM, which regulates the entry of light
• 3-FILM, in which the images are recorded

With the human eye we can observe a certain similarity:

• 1-CRYSTALLINE, through which light penetrates.

• 2-PUPILE, which exerts an action similar to that of a diaphragm.
• 3-RETINA, which projects images to the optic nerve and, through it,
to the brain

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Class 6

Six square meters to dye

Taking an average of 120,000 hairs each 20 centimeters long, a surface area

of 6 square meters is obtained. Incredible but true!.
The important thing is that it involves dyeing 6 square meters in a tight bunch
of 120,000 tiny surfaces. And like it or not, this represents a series of small
practical problems.
Dyeing a head of hair is not the same as painting a room or dyeing a suit,
because along with the hair we find the inevitable and omnipresent scalp (that
is, the organism, the skin, the human being).
In addition, there is a huge difference between very permeable and porous
hair that needs a lot of product and impermeable hair, the disparity between
thick hair and fine hair, thick hair gives approximately double the volume in
weight and surface area.
Failure to observe these details can lead to unsatisfactory color results.
Between two neighboring colors (located next to each other on the Scale)
there is a difference of one tone, with tone being understood as the value or
degree expressed in the numbered tone height.

WHAT IS A TONE?

Tone Scale:

• 1 - Black
• 2 - Moreno
• 3 - Dark Brown
• 4 - Chestnut
• 5 – Light Brown
• 6 - Dark Blonde
• 7 - Blonde

• 8 - Light Blonde
• 9 – Very Light Blonde
• 10 - White (Gray)

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THE REFLECTIONS:
The reflections that are incorporated into the dye or even color do not
substantively modify the color but do vary its tone height.
Thus, the golden reflections lighten while the ashes darken.
There are three extremely important elements to consider and control among
themselves:

• Natural hair color = Your exact shade height

• The new desired color = The difference between both on the Scale.
• The bleaching power = Lightening power of the dye

TONE SCALE TONE SCALE WITH REFLECTION

4 CHESTNUT
5 LIGHT BROWN

6 DARK BLONDE 7,1 = 6 1/2 Darkens ½ tone

7 BLOND
8 LIGHT BLONDE 7,3 = 7 1/2 Lightens ½ tone

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Class 7

What is the color and its pitch?

In principle, we will ask ourselves questions to serve as a guide to the

importance of knowing the natural hair color in coloring.

1°.-What is the importance of knowing the natural color of the hair and its
height as accurately as possible?

Answer: Only from the exact value of the hair color, it can be determined
which shade can be recommended. As a simple example, we use the one in
which a client requests a color “two shades lighter than my natural color.”
Obviously, nothing can be done if we are not able to determine what the
client's natural color is.

2°.-Do different hair colors also react differently to hair coloring?

Answer: In every coloring process, the natural color of the hair acts by
opposing and slowing down the action of the intruding agent as much as
possible.
The darker the hair, the greater the opposition. That is, each color has its
own characteristic and physical identity; Thus it turns out that black hair,
due to its enormous richness in dark pigmentation (+granulated pigments), is
much more resistant and reluctant to admit strange coloring or discoloration
to its fibers than blonde hair whose pigmentation is diffuse and less
resistant.
To the point that its opposition will let it “feel” darkening the tone of the dye
provided or influencing it with reddish or golden reflections (little revenge
that is being teased…)

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The importance of gray hair

We will ask some questions that will clarify any doubts that may arise when
we recommend a color to cover gray hair.

1 .-Why is white hair so important in any coloring process?

Answer: The amount of white hair depends significantly on:

- The pitch of the dye
- The intensity of the reflections
- The luminosity of the colors
White hair (gray hair) should be considered, from a coloring point of view, as
a typical hair, since the dye formulas are generally studied by and for it. That
is why they are so important when applying a color.

2 .-Why is it necessary to determine the percentage of gray hair?

Answer: Knowing the amount of gray hair is essential to make an intelligent

choice; Well, giving color to an entire mass of white hair (100% gray) is not
the same as giving it to a head of hair with 10%, even with no white hair.

3 .-How does gray hair influence the result of a color?

Answer: First of all, it must be said that the tone height relationship between
dyed white hair and other natural hair equally dyed in the same tone is not
the same degree:
- White hair is dyed in the right tone.
- Natural hair is dyed in a darker tone.
On the other hand, the highlights take on more intensity and purity in white
hair. While in natural color it is usually adulterated by the action of natural
pigments.

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Class 8

What is the color and its pitch?

The coloring power of the dye is unlimited, even by combining two shades in
the sale, you can create unlimited quantities of new reflections to expand the
range.
This is not the case with its bleaching power, which is subject to limits that
barely move within the narrow margins of 2 to 3 tones maximum, as long as
the hair is natural (neither dyed nor bleached).
The bleaching strength can only be adjusted through the oxidant:

• 20 volumes: Discoloration of 1 ½ to 2 tones

• 30 volumes: Discoloration of 2 to 3 tones.

With the premise that the dye can bleach up to 3 tones maximum (in normal
hair - not hard or waterproof) - let's see the solution we can give to the
following problem:

This is brown hair for which there are two coloring alternatives:

• Dye in Dark Blonde

• Dye in Light Blonde

NATURAL BACKGROUND

CHESTNUT

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TINCTURE

There is a difference of 2 shades that the dye can fade on its own.
Therefore apply directly:

6 – Dark Blonde

EYE! IF THE HAIR WAS DYED, THAT IS NOT NATURAL, A SWEEP IS

NECESSARY WHICH IS EQUIVALENT TO BLEACHING.-

BLEACHING
From Brown to Light Blonde there is a difference of 4 tones that the dye
cannot bleach by itself.
CANNOT BE DYED LIVE

• 1° Bleach
• 2° Dye
• 9.1 Very Light Blonde

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