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Physics Y8-W7

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Pricesylia Anthony Dass
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19 views3 pages

Physics Y8-W7

Uploaded by

Pricesylia Anthony Dass
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Try these

Take g = 9.8 ms–2 2 kg


1a A parcel of mass 2 kg lies at rest on a rough horizontal surface, as shown.
i Draw a force diagram showing the forces acting on the parcel.
ii Calculate the normal contact force, R.
2 kg P
b The parcel is now pushed with a horizontal force P, as shown, so that it is
just on the point of sliding.
i Draw a force diagram showing the forces now acting on the parcel.
ii If the coefficient of friction is 0.5, find the value of P when the parcel is on
the point of sliding.

40 N
2 A dustbin of mass 12 kg standing on horizontal ground is pushed by a
horizontal force of 40 N. 12 kg
If the coefficient of friction is 0.4, will the dustbin move?

3 A conveyor belt is used to carry cans from one part of a factory to


another. Each can has mass 350 grams.
If μ = 3
4
and each can is just on the point of sliding,
find the frictional force acting on each can.

4 A sledge has mass 15 kg. A horizontal pull of 25 N will just move the
sledge when it is on a horizontal surface of compacted snow.
a Draw a diagram showing the forces acting on the sledge, modelled as a
particle, when it is just on the point of sliding on this horizontal surface.
b Find a value for , the coefficient of friction between the surfaces.

5 One end of a light inextensible string is attached to a tool box


of mass 2.5 kg which is lying on a horizontal table.
The string passes over a smooth pulley and is tied at the other
end to a bag of mass 1.4 kg.
a Draw a diagram showing the forces acting on the tool box.
b If the tool box is just on the point of sliding, find a value for μ,
the coefficient of friction.

Nuffield Free-Standing Mathematics Activity ‘Solve friction problems’ Student sheets Copiable page 4 of 6
© Nuffield Foundation 2011 ● downloaded from www.fsmq.org
Combining the friction model with Newton’s Second Law and the
constant acceleration equations
In the following problems you will need to combine the friction model with
Newton’s Second Law and the constant acceleration equations.

6 A car of mass 1 tonne is travelling along a straight horizontal road at


15 ms–1 when it brakes sharply then skids. Friction brings the car to rest.
If the coefficient of friction between the tyres and road is 0.75, calculate:
a the deceleration
b the time taken for the car to come to rest.

7 A cup of coffee of mass 250 grams sits on a table in a train carriage. The
train accelerates at 1.2 ms–2 out of a station.
a Draw the forces acting on the cup of coffee.
b If the cup does not slip, find the value of the friction force acting on the
cup of coffee.
c If the cup is just about to slip, find the coefficient of friction between the
cup and the surface of the table.

8 A woman is trying to push a load of mass 50 kg across a floor. The woman


exerts a force of 70 N.
a Modelling the floor as smooth and the load as a particle, calculate the
acceleration of the load.
b Assuming that a constant resistive force of 56 N is acting, calculate:
i the acceleration of the load
ii the coefficient of friction, , between the load and the ground, assuming
the resistive force is due only to friction.

9 A trunk of mass 30 kg is standing on a horizontal floor.


The coefficient of friction, μ, between the trunk and floor is 0.3.
a Find the maximum value the friction can attain.
b Find the force that is necessary:
i to keep the trunk sliding over the floor with constant speed
ii to cause the trunk to slide over the floor with acceleration 0.2 ms–2.

Nuffield Free-Standing Mathematics Activity ‘Solve friction problems’ Student sheets Copiable page 5 of 6
© Nuffield Foundation 2011 ● downloaded from www.fsmq.org
10 A pick-up truck carrying a load of mass 150 kg accelerates from some 150 kg
traffic lights at 1.4 ms – 2.
Find the smallest possible value of the coefficient of friction if the load
does not slip.

11 A boy slides a flat stone across a frozen pond. The stone has a mass of
100 grams, and the coefficient of friction, μ, between the stone and the ice is
0.1. The stone has an initial speed of 8 ms–1.
Find how far the stone will travel before it comes to rest.

Extension
A typical value for the coefficient of friction between rubber and concrete is
1.0. If you used this value for μ in Question 6 rather than 0.75, how would it
affect your answers?
In some of the questions you have just attempted, you were given the value
of the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces in contact. How
would your answers be affected if the coefficient of friction were different?
What if were halved or doubled?

Think about
Could you use your previous working to estimate new answers for different
values of μ?
Could you work algebraically to obtain answers in terms of μ?
Could you use a spreadsheet to show how changing μ affects the answers to
the questions?

Reflect on your work


You have used the model F ≤ μR to solve a range of problems involving
friction. What factors determine whether you can use F = μR?
You have seen that friction can be the force causing a body to move, or it
can be opposing motion. Can you think of any other situations in which
friction is either causing a body to accelerate or is trying to prevent motion?
Could you use the mathematics you have used in this activity to model these
situations?

Nuffield Free-Standing Mathematics Activity ‘Solve friction problems’ Student sheets Copiable page 6 of 6
© Nuffield Foundation 2011 ● downloaded from www.fsmq.org

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