API Testing Mastery

Pramod Dutta
Lead SDET. Web Fundamentals for API Testers
TheTestingAcademy
 Agenda of Session
● HTTP Basics, URL Basics
● Cookie, Headers
● JSON Basics & XML Basics
● Install Tools for API Testing
● Chrome Dev Tools, Import Requests
● HTML Forms for API Testing

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API Tester ROADMAP

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 API Tester ROADMAP
https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOttFRjM=/?share_link_id=284599875783

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 Know Your Instructor -Pramod Dutta
● I have nearly 9+ year of Experience in the
Software Testing.Worked on different
domain Mobile App, Web API, Website ,
Performance testing etc.
● Taught 10K+ Students
● 8600 Students in FB, 55k Youtube Subs.
● Helping People to Become Better
Automation Tester.
● [email protected]

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 Before We Start…..
Join Private Telegram

https://sdet.live/apibatch

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 Do you know What is HTTP?
Yes
No
In Comments

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 Overview of HTTP
● HTTP is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents.
● It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol.
● HTTP is stateless: there is no link between two requests being successively carried out on the same
connection
●

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP

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Overview of HTTP

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HTTP Authentication

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 HTTP Cookies
An HTTP cookie (web cookie, browser cookie) is a small piece of data that a server sends to a user's web
browser.
The browser may store the cookie and send it back to the same server with later requests

Cookies are mainly used for three purposes:

Session management
Logins, shopping carts, game scores, or anything else the server should remember

Personalization
User preferences, themes, and other settings

Tracking
Recording and analyzing user behavior

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HTTP Cookies

https://app.vwo.com/#/dashboard

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Headers

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 Headers
HTTP headers let the client and the server pass additional information with an HTTP request or response.

The Accept request HTTP header

indicates which content types, expressed
as MIME types, the client is able to
Authentication understand.

Caching https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/
docs/Web/HTTP/Headers
User agent client hints Conditionals

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 Headers

The Content-Type representation header is used to indicate the original media type of the resource
(prior to any content encoding applied for sending).

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type

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Tools for Cookie, Headers View

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/editthiscookie/fngmhnnpilhplaeedif
hccceomclgfbg?hl=en

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URL Basics

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 URL BASICS
Uniform Resource Locators

It is the mechanism used by

browsers to retrieve any
published resource on the web.

A URL is nothing more than the

address of a given unique resource
on the Web

Such resources can be an HTML

page, a CSS document, an image,
etc

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URL BASICS

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URL BASICS

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 Quiz
https://abc.com/xyz/?q=1#anchhr=09

Which one is path param

Which one is query param

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Absolute URLs?

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What are Relative URLs?

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 Data URLs
URLs prefixed with the data: scheme,
A few examples: allow content creators to embed small
files inline in documents.
data:,Hello%2C%20World%21
The text/plain data Hello, World!. Note how the comma is percent-encoded as
%2C, and the space character as %20.

data:text/plain;base64,SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==
base64-encoded version of the above

data:text/html,%3Ch1%3EHello%2C%20World%21%3C%2Fh1%3E
An HTML document with <h1>Hello, World!</h1>

data:text/html,<script>alert('hi');</script>
An HTML document that executes a JavaScript alert. Note that the closing script
tag is required.

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 MIME types
A media type (also known as a Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions or MIME
type) indicates the nature and format of a document, file, or assortment of bytes.

application/pdf
application/json

The multipart/form-data type can be used

when sending the values of a completed
HTML Form from browser to server.
multipart/form-data

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types#multi
partform-data

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MIME types

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 HTTP request methods

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods

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 HTTP request methods

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods

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PUT VS POST

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 Quiz
Can we use POST request to do all Request?

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 HTTP response status codes
HTTP response status codes indicate whether a specific HTTP
request has been successfully completed. Responses are grouped in
five classes:

Informational responses (100–199)

Successful responses (200–299)
Redirection messages (300–399)
Client error responses (400–499)
Server error responses (500–599)

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status

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 User agent
A user agent is a computer program representing a person, for
example, a browser in a Web context.

The user agent string can be accessed with JavaScript on the client side using the NavigatorID.userAgent
property.

A typical user agent string looks like this: "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/35.0".

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status

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HTML Elements

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 HTML Forms
Web forms — Working with user data
<form action="/my-handling-form-page"
method="post">
<ul>
<li>
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="user_name">
</li>
<li>
<label for="mail">E-mail:</label>
<input type="email" id="mail" name="user_email">
</li>
<li>
<label for="msg">Message:</label>
<textarea id="msg"
name="user_message"></textarea>
</li>
</ul>
</form>

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 JSON Basics
Both JSON and XML can be used to receive data from a web server.

JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation

a JavaScript program can easily
convert JSON data into JavaScript
'{"name":"John", "age":30, "car":null}' objects.

● JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation

Data Types
● JSON is a lightweight data-interchange format
In JSON, values must be one of
● JSON is plain text written in JavaScript object notation
the following data types:
● JSON is used to send data between computers
● JSON is language independent * ● a string
● a number
● an object (JSON object)
● an array
● a boolean
● null

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 JSON Basics
{
JSON Objects "employee":{"name":"John",
"age":30, "city":"New York"}
}
Objects as values in JSON must follow the JSON syntax.

JSON Arrays {
"employees":["John", "Anna",
"Peter"]
}

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 JSON Path https://www.jsonschema2pojo.org/

https://jsonutils.com/

https://jsonpath.com/

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XML Basics
XML stands for eXtensible Markup
Language.

XML was designed to store and

transport data.

XML was designed to be both human-

and machine-readable.

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 XML Basics
XML Example 2
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<breakfast_menu>
<food>
<name>Belgian Waffles</name>
<price>$5.95</price>
<description>
Two of our famous Belgian Waffles with plenty
of real maple syrup
</description>
<calories>650</calories>
</food>
https://www.w3schools.com/xml/tryi
t.asp?filename=tryajax_first

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XML Basics
For AJAX applications, JSON is faster
and easier than XML:

Using XML

● Fetch an XML document

● Use the XML DOM to loop
through the document
● Extract values and store in
variables

Using JSON

● Fetch a JSON string

● JSON.Parse the JSON strin

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Install Tools for API Testing

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Download Postman
https://www.postman.com/downloads/

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They are enough,

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Chrome Dev Tools

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 Quiz
Type different HTTP Methods

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Import Requests

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 Quiz
What is 404?

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 Quiz
Pick the status code class used for server error

1xx
2xxx
3xx
4xx

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API Testing Tools

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 Quiz
What are the common protocols that are testing in API testing ?

HTTP
JMS
REST
SOAP
UDDI

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How do You verify the GET
ALL BOOKINGS
1. Status Code
2. Headers
3. Response Data
4. JSON Schema Validation
5. Data Types
6. Pattern, Regex
7. Invalid Auths/ Permission mismatch
8. Many others….

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 Thanks, for attending Class

I hope you liked it. Say Thanks

in Comment :)

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Fin.

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