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TLG Physical Science 1

physical science

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Mau Reia
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44 views

TLG Physical Science 1

physical science

Uploaded by

Mau Reia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENESIS COLLEGES INC.

TEACHERS LESSON GUIDE


TEACHER: SHIELA B. BALINGASA LEARNING AREA: PHYSICAL SCIENCE
SY/ SY 2024-2025/ 1ST Semester QUARTER: 1
SEMESTER:
GRADE LEVEL: 11 WEEK: 1
LESSON TITLE:

In The Beginning (Big Bang Theory and Formation of the Elements)

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
The learners should be able to
A. Briefly discuss the cosmology of the Big Bang model
B. Provide an overview of the proof for the Big Bang model
C. Explain the three major types of nucleosyntheses
D. Illustrate the Universal Element Formation

SUMMARY OF TASKS/ ACTION:


ELICIT
 Give a big picture of Chemistry by describing it as “the study of stuff.”
 See how our understanding of all stuff has changed and continues to change.
 Try to find answers as to why stuff is a certain way and why it changes in certain ways.
 Briefly define cosmology as the study of how the universe began, how it continues to exist, and how it will end.
 Offer examples of cosmologies from different religions and cultures based on their beliefs. You may ask for examples
from the class.
Challenge the class: Do you think there is proof that any of these stories or cosmologies are true?
 Ask why different cultures have the need to explain where they came from and how the world was created.
ENGAGE
 Introduce the learning objectives
 Introduce the following list of important terms that learners will encounter:
o Cosmology
o Big bang theory
o Nucleosynthesis
EXPLORE
 Conduct a group activity that attempts to model cosmic inflation. Have learners provide the following:
 Balloons and Balloon pump (optional)
 Small stickers (any design)
Instructions:
a. Stick small stickers randomly on the surface of the uninflated balloon.
b. Quickly inflate the balloon with a pump or your breath. Observe the stickers.
c. Answer the following questions:
1.Why do the stickers appear to be moving away from each other?
2. Are the stickers moving across the balloon?
3.Do the stickers themselves grow in size?

EXPLAIN
 Explain that science brings forth a cosmological theory, not from belief, but from scientific evidence that the universe
once began to expand and continues to expand until today. This theory was eventually called the Big Bang theory or
Big Bang model. Astronomers George Lemaître and Edwin Hubble were some of its first proponents.
 Use a chart or diagram to discuss the key stages of the Big Bang model.
 The universe may have begun as an infinitely hot and dense initial singularity, a point with all of space, time,
matter and energy. This means that there was no where, when or what. There is no space around the
singularity – just nothingness.
 All of it then began to rapidly expand in a process known as inflation. Space itself expanded faster than the
speed of light. In this still hot and dense mass of the universe, pairs of matter and antimatter (quarks and
antiquarks) were formed from energy, but these pairs cancelled each other back into energy (annihilation).
 The universe cooled down as it expanded. An excess of matter (electrons, protons, neutrons and other
particles) somehow came to be in a highly energetic “plasma soup.” Photons (light particles) were being
scattered everywhere in this “soup”. Protons and neutrons came together to form different types of nuclei by
nucleosynthesis or nuclear fusion.
 Much later on, electrons started to bind to ionized protons and nuclei forming neutral atoms in a process
called recombination. The bound particles no longer scattered photons so light and energy moved freely
across space. The period was hence known as the “dark ages”.
 Gravity caused these atoms to collapse onto one another to form stars and galaxies and eventually, other
matter. This still happens until today. Space also continues to expand at an accelerating rate, thus increasing
the distance between the matters inside it.
 Provide examples of the evidence for Big Bang Theory
 Red shift evidence
 Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
ELABORATE
 Discuss the three types of Nucleosyntheses with some elements formed in different types.
 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
 Stellar Nucleosynthesis
 Supernova Nucleosynthesis
 Illustrate and explain the universal element formation. Explain that elements are formed deep within the core of
every stars. https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/image_maps/50-universal-element-formation

MATERIALS/ EQUIPMENT:
 Balloons
 Balloon pump (optional)
 Small stickers (any design)
 Laptop
 YouTube Video
LEARNING RESOURCES/ REFERENCES:
 https://content-calpoly-edu.s3.amazonaws.com/evolution/1/images/3universe/stardust/nuclearWikis/
Nucleosynthesis%20-%20wiki.pdf
 https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/image_maps/50-universal-element-formation
 https://study.com/academy/lesson/evidence-for-the-big-bang-theory-background-radiation-red-shift-and-
expansion.html#:~:text=There%20are%20several%20main%20pieces,different%20elements%20in%20the
%20universe.
 https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/image_maps/50-universal-element-formation

FORMATIVE ASSESMENT:
1. Arrange the stages of the Big Bang Theory: recombination, inflation, Big Bang singularity, nucleosynthesis.
2. Cite the process of universal element formation.
TAKE HOME TASKS/INDEPENDENCE PRACTICE:
EXTEND:
Share with learners a video by Youtube animator Kurzgesagt. www.youtube.com/watch? v=wNDGgL73ihY. Inform learners
that it can serve as a simple summary of the lesson that they may refer to as a more detailed discussion of the BBT and other
cosmological theories are discussed later on.
SUMMATIVE ASSESMENT:
EVALUATE:
Identification:
1. What are the elements formed during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis?
2. Give at least one evidence of Big Bang Theory.
3. Write your own understanding of Big Bang Theory.
4. State the three types of Nucleosyntheses.
5. Why do you think it is important for us to know the origin of the universe.

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