PRACTICE SHEET-9

Subject: Biology
Class: IX
Lesson 9: Digestive System
I. Define:
1. Pylorus
2. Omnivore
3. Holozoic nutrition
4. Ingestion
5. Digestion
6. Absorption
7. Assimilation
8. Egestion/ defaecation
9. Alimentary canal
10. Mastication
11. Peristalsis
12. Kilocalorie
13. Deamination
14. Glycogenesis
15. Glycogenolysis
16. Emulsification of fats
17. Dentition

II. Differentiate between:

1. Mechanical and Chemical digestion
2. Milk and Permanent teeth
3. Incisors and Canines
4. Molars and Premolars
5. Absorption and Assimilation
6. Heterodont and Homodont
7. Enamel and Dentine
8. Peristalsis and Antiperistalsis
9. Ingestion and Egestion
10.Pylorus and Cardiac sphincter
11.Glycogenesis and Glycogenolysis
12.Bolus and Chyme

III. Name the following:

1. The associated digestive glands
2. The process of breakdown of naturally occurring foodstuffs into
diffusible form
3. The process of taking in food through the mouth
4. The process by which the digested food is absorbed into the blood
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stream
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5. The process of conversion of the absorbed digested food into the
body material
6. The process of expulsion of the undigested remains of the food from
the alimentary canal
7. A long muscular tube which starts with the mouth and ends at the
anus
8. The process by which food is chewed and mixed with saliva
9. The last molar of each side in each jaw
10. The two sets of teeth that human beings grow in their life
11. The hardest substance in the body
12. The common passage for food and air from the mouth and nose to
the throat
13. The wave-like contraction and relaxation of the muscles of the
alimentary canal pushing the food forward
14. The connecting tube between mouth and stomach
15. Elastic, J-shaped muscular bag located below the diaphragm
16. The largest gland in our body
17. An organ that stores bile
18. The juice secreted by salivary glands
19. The juice secreted by pancreas
20. The finger-like projections thrown out by the inner walls of the
ileum
21. The juice secreted by liver
22. The organ which helps in tasting and swallowing the food
23. The bulk of the tooth
24. The bone-like structure that covers and fixes the root of the tooth in
position
25. The soft connective tissue contained in the central space of the
tooth
26. The three last grinders
27. The broad sharp cutting teeth
28. The pointed tooth for holding and tearing
29. The two temporary grinding teeth
30. The part of the tooth exposed above the gum
31. Slight constriction between the root and the crown
32. The three pairs of salivary glands
33. The slightly acidic fluid containing water, salts, mucus and ptyalin
34. The voice box
35. The three subdivisions of the small intestine
36. The three subdivisions of the large intestine
37. The process in which excess amino acids are broken down in the
liver
38. The process in which liver converts excess glucose into glycogen
39. The process in which liver converts glycogen into glucose
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40. The opening of the stomach into the intestine

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41. The sphincter present at the front end of the stomach
42. The juice secreted by gastric gland
43. The enzyme present in the saliva
44. The enzymes present in the gastric juice
45. The enzymes present in the pancreatic juice
46. The enzymes present in the intestinal juice
47. The pigments present in the bile juice
48. The process of breaking down large fat globule into small globules
to increase the surface area for enzyme action
49. The part of the alimentary canal which helps in both digestion and
absorption of food
50. A flap that guards the glottis

IV. Draw a neat labelled diagram and Identify the following:

1. The Human digestive system
2. Incisors, Canines, Molars and Pre molars
3. Microscopic structure of an intestinal villus
4. Internal structure of tooth: (A) Incisor/Canine (B) Premolar

V. Answer the following:

1. State the location and function of:
(i) Teeth
(ii) Tongue
(iii) Mouth
(iv) Saliva
(v) Pharynx
(vi) Oesophagus
(vii) Stomach
(viii) Small intestine
(ix) Large intestine
(x) Villi
(xi) Incisors
(xii) Canines
(xiii) Premolars
(xiv) Molars
(xv) Lips
(xvi) Pylorus
(xvii)Cardiac sphincter
(xviii)Liver
(xix) Pancreas
(xx) Hydrochloric acid
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(xxi) Cement
(xxii) Pulp cavity
(xxiii)Enamel

2. State the end products of digestion of:

(i) Starch
(ii) Proteins
(iii) Fats
3. Arrange the following in logical sequence:
(i) Oesophagus Stomach Mouth Large intestine
Anus Pharynx Small intestine
(ii) Absorption Digestion Assimilation Egestion
Ingestion
4. Given below is the diagram of Human digestive system.
Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Label the parts 1 to 12.

(ii) State the function of part 6 and part 11.
(iii) Name the muscular tissue with which part 7 is made up of.
(iv) What is secreted by part 8?
(v) Name the most important part of the alimentary canal? Why?
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5. Copy and complete the following word equations by filling in the
blank spaces numbered 1 to 5:

1
(i) Fats Fatty acids and glycerol

lactase
(ii) 2 Glucose and galactose

trypsin
(iii) Proteins and Peptides 3

4
(iv) Casein Paracasein

ptyalin
(v) 5 Maltose

6. Given below are the diagrams of the types of teeth in a Human

adult. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
A B C (i) Identify A and B giving reasons.
(ii) State the function of C.
(iii) The fourth type of tooth is missing
alongside. Name the same and
Draw a neat labelled diagram of
the same in longitudinal section.

7. You have been supplied with a sample of food. How will you
perform tests for the presence of (i) starch, (ii) proteins,
(iii) glucose and fats and (iv) oils in it?
8. List the adaptations of the ileum for absorption of digested food.
9. State the characteristics of an enzyme.
10. Explain the general structure of a tooth.
11. Write the dental formula of:
(i) Human child
(ii) Human adolescent
(iii)Human adult
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12. Give reasons for the following:
(i) There is no enzyme to digest vitamins
(ii) Small intestine is the most important organ of the digestive
system
(iii) One should not talk during swallowing food
(iv) Human teeth is referred as heterodont
(v) Raw bread taste sweet after chewing in the mouth
(vi) Digestion is necessary
(vii) Only animals require a digestive system

13. Bile does not contain any enzyme. Still it is important for
digestion. Justify.
14. Mention two reflexes which occur when a person chews and
swallows food.

15. Copy and complete the following table by filling in the blank
spaces 1 to 4:

Type of Structure Number in Shape Function

teeth each jaw
4 front teeth They help in
[total-8] cutting and
biting the
Incisors 1 food.

1 on either Sharp and

side of pointed
Canines incisor 2
[total-4]

2 on either Has two hill- Helps in

side of canine like crushing and
3 [total-8] projections or grinding the
cusps food.

Large surface Helps in finer

than crushing and
premolar with grinding of
Molars 4 3 cusps food.
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16. Label the parts 1 to 9:

VI. Fill in the blanks:

1. The human digestive system consists of _____________________and
_______________________________________________________________.
2. The last molar of each side in each jaw is called
_________________________________.
3. The HCl acid kills _____________________________________ that
enter along with food.
4. The food stays in the stomach for about 3 hours and it attains a
pulp-like form called the _____________________________________.
5. The inner wall of the stomach is lined by gastric glands which
secrete ________________________ which is rich in enzymes and it
also secretes ___________________________________and
____________________________________________.
6. The inner walls of the small intestine have billions and billions of
finger-like projections called __________________________________.
7. The three parts of large intestine are __________________________,
_____________________________ and ___________________________.
8. The three parts of small intestine are __________________________,
______________________________ and __________________________.
9. Each villus is covered by a single-cell thick ____________________.
10. Inside the villus are contained an _____________________,
a ___________________, inter-connecting ________________________
and a lymph vessel called _____________________________.
11. From the blind end of caecum projects a narrow worm-shaped
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tube called ________________________________________.

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12. The bad odour of faeces is due to ______________________________.
13. Each premolar has two cusps on its surface and hence known as
__________________________________________.

VII. Copy and complete the following table by filling in the blank
spaces numbered 1 to 11:

Enzyme Nutrient Product of digestion

Lactase Lactose 1

2 Fats Fatty acids and glycerol

Maltase 3 Glucose

4 Casein Paracasein

Ptyalin 5 Maltose

6 Sucrose Glucose and Fructose

Intestinal Lipase Fats 7

Steapsin Emulsified fats 8

Erepsin 9 Amino acids

Pepsin 10 Peptides

Amylopsin Starch 11

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